Topological mining
(1) roadway engineering design
mainly focuses on the design of shaft, ramp, middle transport roadway, chute, chamber, shaft bottom yard and other projects in the mining system of the deposit. According to the burial conditions of the deposit and the horizontal position and height of the middle section, the ore body is cut, and the cutting entity is projected along any direction to generate the maximum projection contour line (such as the horizontal projection contour line), so as to help users quickly determine the location of each main shaft
DIMINE software is a unique function of DIMINE, which adopts parametric and visual design ideas and AutoCAD like operation style. After the design, it can automatically mark and calculate, and automatically generate design and construction drawings with control point table and engineering quantity table< br /> Roadway design can be used for shaft, ramp, drift center line design< br /> The curve design can quickly generate the curve connecting line between the two roadway projects through parametric and intelligent methods; After selecting the main roadway, automatically capture, dynamically display the curve, the user dynamically adjust to the appropriate position, or enter the radius of the curve to complete the curve design< br /> The design of turnout provides three kinds of fork way connection, namely, the specified starting point and the specified end point, which are convenient and flexible to operate< br /> According to the elevation of the roadway at both ends of a section, the roadway slope of the section is smoothed< br /> Slope adjustment adjusts the roadway slope in a certain plane according to the specified slope< br /> The section design adopts parametric method to design various standard types of roadway sections (such as circle, rectangle, trapezoid, arc arch, three center arch, etc.) or user-defined non-standard section types< br /> Generation of connected 3D roadway It is used to automatically generate fully connected 3D roadway entities according to the spatial topological connection relationship of different types and section specifications of roadways< br /> The generation of non connected 3D roadway is used to generate independent 3D entity of roadway according to the design center line of roadway and its section type and specification. The connection relationship between roadways is not automatically processed by the system. If the connection is needed, the entity connection operation in entity Boolean operation must be used< br /> The double line roadway is generated by the center line of the roadway< br /> The center line of roadway is extracted from the solid of roadway< br /> The vertical shaft is generated by special algorithm< br /> According to the designed construction drawing, the computer drawing automatically marks (including control point number, four important numbers of curve, etc.) and automatically calculates when the chart is output to generate control point table and engineering quantity table
(2) monomer design
it is mainly used in the design of mining unit of underground mine, and its main functions include: automatic cutting of ore body according to the structural parameters of mining unit, mining and cutting engineering design, parameterization, intelligent and visual design of bottom structure, and various quantities, mining reserves, grade, metal amount and dilution rate Accurate calculation of loss rate index< br /> According to the structural parameters of the mining unit, the middle orebody is cut to form a three-dimensional entity of the mining unit< br /> The stope design provides the stope design function for the sublevel caving mining method without sill pillar, which can automatically generate the stope without sill pillar (diamond block) according to the parameters such as side hole angle, sublevel height and access distance; It provides stope design tools for gently inclined thick large orebodies< br /> In the design of mining and cutting engineering, the entity of mining unit is projected, the location of mining and cutting engineering is determined according to the projection contour, the engineering center and engineering section are designed, and the 3D entity of mining and cutting engineering is generated, and the quantities of mining and cutting engineering are calculated< br /> The bottom structure design includes two types: funnel and trench. According to the type of bottom structure and design parameters, the design line of bottom structure is automatically generated, including the projects of ore drawing roadway, ore drawing connecting road, ore receiving mouth (funnel mouth / bucket neck), ore outlet, etc; According to the mining boundary, the horizontal position and height of a single engineering body in the substructure are adjusted by intelligent interaction mode to generate the engineering design line of substructure meeting the actual requirements; According to the section type and size of each project, the 3D solid model of substructure is automatically generated and the excavation volume is calculated< br />3 Mining blasting design
is mainly used for the design of fan-shaped holes and parallel holes in underground mine blasting. The system automatically generates fan-shaped or parallel holes according to hole bottom distance, stope boundary, drilling parameters, etc., and charges automatically according to charging algorithm, allowing users to interactively modify and edit automatically generated hole parameters (length, angle, charging length, etc.), Finally, the blasting entity, blasting construction card and medium length hole design and construction drawing are generated< br /> The automatic generation of blasting boundary is realized by cutting stope and roadway, and automatically generating blasting boundary and roadway section of each row< br /> According to the stope boundary, drilling parameters and blasthole parameters, the fan-shaped blasthole of a certain position is automatically generated< br /> The parameters such as the length and angle of each hole in each row are edited and adjusted interactively, so that the design result of the hole can fully meet the requirements of blasting< br /> The automatic charge is designed automatically according to the charge algorithm< br /> The chart generation automatically generates the design and construction drawing of each row of blastholes, and generates the blasthole construction table including blasthole row number, hole number, blasthole design length, inclination angle, azimuth angle, center distance of circle, charging length, charging quantity, blasting quantity and other parameters for on-site construction and acceptance< br />4 Proction schele
is mainly used for the preparation of underground mine excavation and mining plan. Through the preparation of basic data such as proction path data and three-dimensional entity (roadway, stope) data, the proction task and task operation sequence are automatically formed according to the proction process, resource and equipment status, and finally the proction plan report and animation are generated to simulate the implementation process of proction plan, Make the proction plan visible, controllable and adjustable< br /> Data preparation the data is prepared in the form of table, which is convenient and intuitive< br /> According to the prepared data, the proction schele is automatically made< br /> Report customization users can customize proction plan reports according to their own needs< br /> Results output provides excel report, project schele chart, 3D graphic display, animation simulation of the implementation process of proction plan and other results output forms.
the P2P network structure adopted by bitcoin is not just the choice of topology. Bitcoin is designed as a point-to-point digital cash system, and its network architecture is the reflection and cornerstone of this core feature. Decentralized control is the core principle of design, which can only be achieved by maintaining a flat and decentralized P2P consensus network
each node in bitcoin P2P network is peer-to-peer, but according to the different functions provided, the division of labor of each node is not the same. Each bitcoin node is a functional set of routing, blockchain database, mining and wallet services. A bitcoin network node includes four functions: wallet, miner, complete blockchain and network routing node
some nodes keep a complete and up-to-date of the blockchain, which is called "all nodes". The whole node can independently verify all transactions without any external reference. In addition, some nodes only retain part of the blockchain, and they complete transaction verification through a method called "simple payment verification (SPV)". Such a node is called "SPV node", also known as "lightweight node"
mining nodes create new blocks in a competitive way through proof of work (POW) algorithm running on special hardware devices. Some mining nodes are also full nodes, keeping a complete of the blockchain; There are also some nodes involved in the mining of the mine pool, which are lightweight nodes, and they must rely on the whole node maintained by the mine pool server to work
User wallets can also be used as part of the whole node, which is common in desktop bitcoin clients. At present, more and more users' wallets are SPV nodes, especially bitcoin wallets running on resource constrained devices such as smart phones, which is becoming more and more common.
2) mine data mining technology: e to the above characteristics of mine spatial information, in order to quickly extract thematic information from mine data warehouse, discover hidden rules, recognize unknown phenomena and predict spatial-temporal development, it is necessary to study a data mining technology which is efficient, intelligent, transparent, in line with mine thinking and based on expert knowledge
3) true 3DGM and visualization technology: only by integrating drilling, geophysical exploration, measurement, sensing and other data to carry out true 3D geological simulation and realize dynamic data maintenance (local rapid update, refinement, modification, supplement, etc.), can real-time 3D visualization reproction, simulation and analysis of stratum environment, mine entity, mining activities, mining impact, etc
4) mine 3D topology Technology: the topology query, analysis and application of mine information, as well as the simulation, analysis and prediction of many mining safety problems, are based on the unified organization of the attributes, geometry and topology data of mine 3D entities. Therefore, we must base on the vector grid integration of mine 3D data to solve the problem of mine 3D topology description, expression, and prediction Organization and maintenance of this technical problem
5) application software and related models: the analysis and application of mine information, the evaluation and monitoring of mine proction, the simulation and decision-making of mine engineering are all based on all kinds of application software and related models. It is necessary to develop multi variety, multi model, multi-function and component "vehicles" to meet different needs and provide different services
6) underground fast positioning and automatic navigation technology: the problem of ground fast positioning and automatic navigation based on GPS has been basically solved. However, in underground mines where satellite signals can not reach, in addition to the traditional gyro orientation and emerging image matching, there is no underground fast positioning and automatic navigation theory, which can meet the requirements of mine engineering precision and operation speed Technology and instrument
7) underground multimedia communication and wireless transmission technology: in addition to broadband network, how to quickly, accurately, completely, clearly and real-time collect and transmit various underground environmental indicators, equipment working conditions, personnel information, operation parameters and adjustment instructions, and carry out ground underground two-way and wireless transmission in the form of multimedia, It is the key technology to be studied and solved
8) intelligent mining robot "team" technology: in the aspect of mine automation, it is necessary to break through the past concept of indivial "human" of mining robot, and to understand, coordinate, adapt, protect, adjust, repair and even regenerate the whole mining equipment and the whole operation process Research and design a new generation of intelligent mining robot team
9) Mine GIS, OA and CDs Trinity Technology: in order to realize the whole mine, whole process and whole cycle digital management, operation, command and dispatching, it is necessary to realize the unified management and visual expression of mine information based on Mine GIS, and seamlessly integrate OA and CDs, so as to truly achieve data fusion, process matching and organization coordination.
Or prove ABC conjecture
Dorian goldfeld, a mathematician at Columbia University, commented: "if ABC conjecture is proved, it will solve many famous Diophantine problems, including Fermat's theorem. If Mochizuki's proof is correct, it will be one of the most shocking mathematical achievements of the 21st century. " The research work of Wangyue Xinyi has little to do with the efforts of predecessors. He established a new set of mathematical methods, using some new mathematical "objects" - these abstract entities can be compared to the familiar geometric objects, sets, permutations, topologies and matrices, which only few mathematicians can fully understand. As goldfeld said, "today, he's probably the only one who's completely in control of this method." Conrad believes that this research work "contains a lot of profound ideas, and it will take a long time for the mathematical community to fully understand and digest them.". The proof consists of four long papers, each of which is based on the previous papers“ It takes a lot of time to study and understand these profound proofs, so we can not only focus on the importance of this proof, but also study along the author's proof ideas. " All these efforts are worthwhile because of the research achievements of Wangyue Xinyi. Conrad said: "wangyuexinyi has successfully proved the extremely difficult theorem, and his paper is rigorous and elaborate. All these make us full of confidence in successfully proving ABC conjecture What's more, he added, the achievements are not limited to the confirmation of this proof“ The exciting reason is not only that ABC conjecture may have been solved, but also that the methods and ideas he used will become a powerful tool to solve the problems of number theory in the future
the new moon day is a little different. He has been thinking for 20 years on his own about the proof of ABC conjecture, establishing what he calls "cosmic Teichm." ü For example, the first paper talks about the construction of "Hodge theater", and the second paper introces "alien arithmetic holomorphic structures"
most senior mathematicians in the field of algebraic geometry and number theory think that the theory of looking at the moon is too mysterious to spend a few years to read it carefully to find out the newly defined terms, the context of reasoning and the structure of the theory. To be sure, the worst may be that, in the end, people find that this new theory has put themselves in a dead end; Of course, the best result is that the proof of Wangyue establishes a new branch of mathematics, unifying algebraic geometry and number theory
when Wangyue began to study the proof of ABC conjecture, it was only 10 years since the conjecture was put forward, and there was almost no progress. It can be said that Wangyue started from scratch. The reason why she said "almost" is that when she was more than 20 years old, she made outstanding contributions in the field of "far Abelian geometry" and was invited to give a speech at the International Congress of mathematicians every four years. However, after the end of the mathematicians' Congress in Berlin in 1988, Wang Yue disappeared from the academic circle and devoted himself to his own universe to prove ABC conjecture. His theoretical tool is "far Abelian geometry"
it can be said that one of the purposes of looking at the moon to prove ABC conjecture is to carry forward far Abelian geometry. Far Abelian geometry, a branch of mathematics, was founded by Pope grotendick of algebraic geometry in the 1980s. The research object is the structural similarity of basic groups of algebraic clusters on different geometric objects
for mathematicians, another problem to check whether there are errors in the proof of Wangyue is: to thoroughly understand the proof of ABC conjecture on 512 pages of Wangyue, we need to understand the 750 pages of Wangyue's works on far Abelian geometry first! There are only about 50 mathematicians in the world who have enough background knowledge to read the far Abelian geometry of the moon, not to mention the "cosmic Teichm" established by the moon in the proof of conjecture ü It's the Heller theory. So far, Wang Yue, who calls himself a cosmologist, is a loner in the universe created by himself
most number theorists hope that Wang Yue can write a summary of his proof and show you the logical context of the whole theory, such as why theorem X and concept y are introced, and how to advance to the proof of the final conjecture layer by layer. The Cray Institute of mathematics, which set up the Millennium award, is also considering inviting Wangyue to open a seminar to invite the world's best number theorists and algebraic geometricians to study this new theory
however, with regard to Wangyue Xinyi himself, he declined any interview after issuing the certificate, and he does not like to socialize
as for this way of behaving, Jin Mingjun, a professor of mathematics at Oxford University, commented: "when you immerse yourself in your own theoretical universe for too long, you will not notice others' confusion about your theory, because you assume that everyone understands a lot of basic knowledge."
this is the end of the story. We are all witnessing history< On May 20, 2013, computer scientist Ted Nelson (father of HTTP) revealed on YouTube that the founder of bitcoin under the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto was Shinichi Mochizuki, a professor of mathematics at Kyoto University. No one knows who invented bitcoin. Developers use the pseudonym of Nakamoto, but from the moment bitcoin appeared, people have never stopped digging for Nakamoto's identity. And since the day bitcoin went online, there has been a computer mining bitcoin. It is rumored that this machine belongs to Nakamoto. So if Shinichi is Nakamoto, his value is obviously over 100 million< There are three points in Nielsen's evidence:
wangyuexinyi is smart enough to come up with such a complex system as bitcoin
Wangyue Xinyi does not use the conventional academic publishing mechanism. On the contrary, his habit is to work alone and let others understand after publishing
the work area of Wangyue Xinyi includes the mathematical algorithm of bitcoin
in the video, Nelson praises moon Shinichi as a great economist, sociologist and computer scientist, and thinks that he should win the Nobel Prize in economics for bitcoin. Finally, he hoped that wangyuexinyi could focus its future work on solving the most complex human problems, such as nuclear weapons, terrorism and pollution
however, many people begin to question it. For example, Wangyue Xinyi is just a pure mathematician. It is always doubtful that a pure mathematician develops something that can immediately have an important impact on the real world. What's more, pure mathematicians are unlikely to develop a virtual currency like bitcoin. Moreover, from the various academic works published by Wangyue Xinyi, he is not interested in cryptography, which is not in line with his research field
some people pointed out that although the founder of bitcoin, Nakamoto TSUO, is a Japanese name, it does not necessarily mean that his real identity must be Japanese, which in itself is easily misleading
