It collapsed while digging
in 1905, Kobe Steel Co., Ltd. was founded
in 1930, the first construction machinery in Japan was proced: 50K electric mining single bucket excavator< In 1936, we began to proce 30K electric dragline excavators< In 1946, the steam type single bucket excavator was proced
mechanical excavators (northwest type) were proced in 1947< In 1949, we began to proce 15K diesel engine driven dragline excavators< In 1952, we began to proce single bucket excavator driven by 22K diesel engine
the proction of 10kt and 20kt tyred cranes started in 1953< In 1954, the 220a diesel driven pile driver was proced
in 1955, through an agreement with harnischfeger, the crane proction technology was obtained< In 1956, we began to proce 255a diesel engine driven single bucket excavator and 355kd bucket dredger< In 1957, 255tc tyre crane and 255a-cl crawler crane were proced
in 1960, the 2000th single bucket excavator came off the proction line
proction of 335g, 655g and 955g grab mining dredgers and LA22 pile drivers started< In 1962, we signed a technical agreement with POCLAIN, a French manufacturer
set up the Construction Machinery Research Institute of Shengang in Dawa plant< The first hydraulic wheel excavator ty45 was proced in 1963
start proction of 155b-tc tire crane
in 1964, we began to proce 300 series tire cranes< In 1966, 325 crawler cranes were proced< In 1967, h208 hydraulic excavator was proced
start proction of kg60b, kg80b and kg75b floating crane barges
proction of H212 hydraulic tire crane started< In 1968, the first 10A small hydraulic excavator was proced in Japan
start to proce ys1000 hydraulic excavator with large volume
proction of R series hydraulic excavators started
in 1969, we began to proce T series hydraulic tyred cranes
start proction of R150 cranes adapted to rough terrain
in 1970, he invested in harnischfeger company in Australia
start proction of 670f and 9125f floating crane barges< In 1971, we began to proce K series pile drivers driven by diesel engines< In 1972, ge1500 grab mining barge was proced
LK series tire loaders were proced in 1973
start proction of FD series floating crane barge< In 1977, Mk7 grab dredger was proced
start proction of F & G1000 floating crane barge and grab dredger
start to proce 5000 Series crawler cranes< In 1978, KISCO, a sales subsidiary, was established in Singapore
K series hydraulic excavators were proced in 1979
the last major part of Dawa factory was completed in 1980
established sales subsidiaries in Houston and Texas in 1982
in 1983, we began to manufacture and supply cranes to P & H by OEM
start to proce C series hydraulic excavators
start to proce pk160 and RK200 cranes suitable for rough terrain
start proction of 7450 hydraulic crawler crane
start proction of 5650 crawler crane: lifting capacity 650 tons
in 1985, we began to proce D series hydraulic excavators equipped with kpss 7000 series hydraulic crawler lifting devices< In 1986, Shengang Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. was established
in 1987, Mark II series hydraulic excavators equipped with rotating signal flashlights were proced< In 1988, KCM was established in Calhoun, Georgia, USA
start to proce SK series small excavators (super small)< In 1989, SS1 ultra small excavator was proced
proction of sk100w wheel excavators started
start to proce Mark III series hydraulic excavators equipped with computer-controlled ITCs device
start proction of RK 70m small crane suitable for rough terrain
kcme was established in the Netherlands in 1990
we started to proce ur series hydraulic excavators
start proction of F & g2345 floating crane and grab dredger
in 1991, BM 1200 crawler crane for infrastructure construction was proced
start to proce rk series cranes suitable for rough terrain< In 1992, SK series small excavators were proced< In 1993, Mark IV and Mark V series hydraulic excavators were proced
SL3000 crawler crane proction started: lifting capacity 800 tons< In 1994, ckcm was established in China
the cumulative output of hydraulic excavators reaches 100000 units
proction of 7000 series hydraulic crawler cranes started< In 1995, PK series cranes adapted to rough terrain were proced
two US branches, Kai and KCM, merged to form a new Kai (now kcma)< In 1996, TKCM was established in Thailand to manufacture hydraulic excavators
start proction of SR series small excavators
kcmf was established in 1997< In 1998, SR series hydraulic excavators were proced
start proction of bm700hd crawler crane for infrastructure construction
Yougu heavy instry (Hiroshima factory) and Dawa factory have passed ISO9001 certification< In 1999, the Construction Machinery Department of SG was reorganized into an independent company named as SG Construction Machinery Co., Ltd
start to proce dynamic acera series hydraulic excavators
proction of 7200 crawler cranes started
proction of SR series small excavators started in 2000
start proction of sk80msr hydraulic excavator
signed a global cooperation agreement with CNH global (Netherlands) of Fiat Group in 2001< In 2002, Yougu heavy instry (Hiroshima factory) and Dawa factory passed ISO9001 certification
KCa (Australia) and KCMS (Shanghai) were established to sell construction machinery, and fkcm (Italy) was established to proce and sell hydraulic excavators at the same time
KSCM service center was established in Shanghai in 2003
set up ckcmg holding and sales company in China
http://www.kobelco-jianji.com/aboutus/kcm/history.asp
1 Determination of the classification system of mining subsidence land
the land resources and coal resources in the subsidence area of Quantai coal mine in Jiawang District are developed and utilized at the same time, forming a compound ecosystem of instry and agriculture, so it belongs to a fragile ecosystem of destruction more than construction and development more than renovation. Due to the different mining methods, coal seam thickness, burial depth, roof conditions, management and technical level of the mining area in the study area, the ground collapse, water accumulation and their harm degree are also different. In order to facilitate the research and comprehensive development and utilization, the collapse land should be reasonably classified before the information investigation and evaluation. According to the characteristics of the study area, the classification system of mining subsidence land in Quantai District of Jiawang District is established by using the classification method of subsidence land nature (table 6-1), which is mainly divided into non waterlogged subsidence dry land, subsidence swamp land, seasonal waterlogged subsidence land, perennial waterlogged subsidence land and non subsidence land (Mao Hanying et al., 1998; Wang Xingfeng et al., 2007)
Table 6-1 classification system of mining subsidence land in Quantai, Jiawang District; ② From the point of view of the whole subsidence pit or mobile basin, the surface subsidence is continuous, and from the point of view of the internal specific form, it is also shown as uneven unlating state, that is, the micro discrete form; ③ Because of the high groundwater level, when the ground collapses to a certain depth, it will lead to water accumulation in the collapse area; In addition, the rainy season also makes the subsidence area accumulate water; ④ The surface cover is heterogeneous. There are not only ponding area, but also green space with no ponding in the subsidence area, and bare land with salinization caused by ponding. The different land cover patches are heterogeneous and irregular
According to the remote sensing image, the location of the mine and the geological structure characteristics of the mining area are firstly understood, and then the mining subsidence area is interpreted according to the color, vegetation, micro landform and water body on the image. The main interpretation marks are as follows: ① tensile cracks often appear at the edge of the mining subsidence area, These tensile cracks often form curved stripes and textures on aerial photographs. The water is rich in the tensile fracture and the vegetation is often well developed. ② The man-made buildings in the subsidence area have been damaged, such as the collapse of riverbanks and roads, and the forced relocation of residential areas. These images are indirect interpretation signs of mining subsidence areas. ③ The land use efficiency of collapse area is significantly lower than that of non collapse area, and there are more abandoned land, which is easy to be distinguished from non collapse area. ④ The shape of surface water in the subsidence area is irregular, while the shape of artificially excavated ponds is regular. ⑤ In the reclamation area of the subsidence area, the plants in the reclamation area are rare, and the color is gray to grayish white, which is also an important sign to judge the mining subsidence area (Lu Xianzhang, 1997; Zhang Quanjing, 2000)according to the characteristics of different types of mining subsidence land, the spectral characteristic spots of mining subsidence land were selected (table 6-2)
Table 6-2 spectral characteristics of mining subsidence area
continuation table
(IV) mining subsidence area information extraction
the technical process of mining subsidence area information extraction in Quantai coal mine of Jiawang District is shown in Figure 6-2
Fig. 6-2 flow chart of Mining Subsidence Information Extraction Technology
the compensation fees for expropriation of cultivated land include land compensation fees, resettlement subsidies, and compensation fees for ground attachments and seedlings. The land compensation fee for the expropriated cultivated land shall be six to ten times of the average annual output value of the three years before the expropriation of the cultivated land. The resettlement subsidy for the expropriated cultivated land shall be calculated according to the number of agricultural population to be resettled. The number of agricultural population to be resettled shall be calculated by dividing the amount of cultivated land expropriated by the average amount of cultivated land occupied by each person of the expropriated unit before land acquisition. The standard of resettlement subsidy for each agricultural population to be resettled is four to six times of the average annual output value of the three years before the farmland is expropriated. However, the maximum resettlement subsidy per hectare of the expropriated farmland shall not exceed 15 times of the average annual output value of the three years before the expropriation.