Intelligent hardware mining
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at present, according to the official income method of fil, there are three ways: one is to provide hard disk storage to obtain income (storage miner), the other is to provide bandwidth resources to obtain retrieval income (retrieval miner), and the third is mining and packing block income (storage miner). Based on the above rules, only enterprise level and cloud mine pool can meet the three kinds of income at present
In terms of configuration, based on mining rules, the following configuration suggestions are given:CPU: 4 cores or above, Inteli series is the best, memory is at least 8g, if you want to get retrieval revenue, memory needs more than 16g, hard disk space is recommended to be more than 4T to get storage revenue
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household mining machine (current situation analysis, There are the following disadvantages:
A. more than 95% of domestic IP addresses are not static, which leads to mining default platform withholding pledge tokenB. you need to buy pledge token, and you need to spend some extra money to buy token to start
C. the sound of power outage is loud, and the events affecting neighbors lead to no income
D. unfortunately, your family is in the second, third, fourth and fifth tier cities, Basically, we can't get the order
e. the home miner advertised by a Yingkuang machine can't mine and can be retrieved. The retrieval needs an uplink bandwidth of at least 10m, and the space-time proof (IPFs anti cheating mechanism) may need a higher stable bandwidth of more than 20m. Who's community's network can meet the above requirements within 24 hours, so the retrieval is also very difficult
It is said that the investors who started brainwashing and bought the household miner in March of 18 bought a small box at 5-10 times the price and put it at home as a decoration, so the household miner is used to cut leeks, because it has a low threshold, and then you can hardly dig fil -
Enterprise trusteeship miner
a, In terms of hardware configuration, the cost of setting up a mine is relatively high. If the leasing meets the national application conditions, the purchase price of a single configuration combination is about 3-10 times of the cost price, which is relatively high
B. the same computer room is generally leased to multiple enterprises for storage and application, which will lead to multiple operating systems running at the same time, Lack of unity, easy to be attacked by hackers
C. vicious competition of all mining machines in the mine, internal consumption of computing power, unbalanced order distribution, resulting in some machines grabbing orders and some machines not having orders, and Unbalanced Income
D. different independent IPFs mining machine systems, it is difficult to unify parameter grabbing orders in real time
E. unable to resist regional policy risks, For example, the national policy risk
F. the biggest advantage of enterprise level is high configuration, centralized basic management, and room conditions are superior to household mining machines. At the same time, the above situation is accompanied by
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cloud mining pool
A. computing power leasing, the price is relatively low for hosting mining machines, The leasing time is controllable
B. the IDC rooms of general cloud mine pool are defense class, which can prevent hackers from intruding
C. the output of the mine pool is shared throughout the network, and there is no worry about the failure of a purchased node, and there is no income
D. the hardware input is allocated throughout the network, and the personal input-output ratio is cost-effective
E. unified scale management, and there is no single node debugging, Single maintenance status
D. node layout is generally multi city and multi country, regional policy risk
E. third party real-time monitoring, high degree of information disclosure, always know the output status of ore pool
F. unified operation and maintenance system, real-time unified parameter adjustment, pricing strategy, order grabbing strategy, storage strategy
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for the above analysis, At present, the existing cloud mining pools in China, such as a cat cloud mining pool, a Yingyun node, an inter cloud mining pool, and a chain cloud mining pool, claim to be globally distributed in the publicity. After actual verification, their mining pools are either small private mines established by themselves or professional mining machine trusteers cooperated in China, and most of them are limited to China, Because the construction cost of the mine pool is very high, and the cost of cooperation with domestic cloud service providers is even higher, we should set up our own small mine pool to publicize the global layout
currently, it is recommended to learn about "Noah cloud pool". After verification, the channel cloud service providers of Noah cloud pool are currently cooperating in Hong Kong, Singapore, Germany and Poland, and their technical background is relatively strong. Please check other relevant information
do you remember what the consensus mechanism of bitcoin is? The consensus mechanism of bitcoin is pow. To put it simply, the more work you do, the higher the amount of computation you pay, the more likely you will be the first to find the correct hash value, and the more likely you will be rewarded with bitcoin
however, there are some defects in the pow of bitcoin, that is, it is too slow to process transactions, and miners need to constantly collide hash values through calculation, which is costly and inefficient. Friends who are interested in blockchain knowledge should see such a saying:
in order to make up for the deficiency of bitcoin, Ethereum has proposed a new consensus mechanism, called POS (this is the abbreviation of English, which means "proof of equity", also translated into "proof of equity")
POS simply means the same as its literal meaning: equity, equity. The more currency you hold, the more equity you have, the higher your equity
Ethereum's POS means that the more money you hold, the longer you hold it, the less difficult it will be to calculate and the easier it will be to mine
in the initial setting of Ethereum, Ethereum hopes to build a relatively stable system by using POW in the early stage, then graally adopt POW + POS, and finally completely transition to POS. So, it's true that the consensus mechanism of Ethereum is POS, but POS is only a plan or goal at the beginning of Ethereum's release. At present, Ethereum has not yet transitioned to POS, and the consensus mechanism adopted by Ethereum is still pow, that is, the pow of bitcoin, but it is slightly different from the pow of bitcoin
the amount of information here is a bit large,
the first information point is that the consensus mechanism currently adopted by Ethereum is also pow, but it is slightly different from the pow of bitcoin. So, what's the difference between the pow of Ethereum and bitcoin: in short, the mining difficulty of Ethereum can be adjusted, but the mining difficulty of bitcoin can't be adjusted. Just like our college entrance examination, because the teaching situation and the number of students in different provinces are not the same, so the college entrance examination is divided into national papers and provincial independent proposition
Ethereum said that I am in favor of the topic by region. Bitcoin said: No, it must be the same volume in the whole country. The difficulty is the same for everyone
the popular explanation is that bitcoin uses computer computing power to do a lot of hash collisions, enumerate various possibilities to find a correct hash value. The Ethereum system has a special formula to calculate the difficulty of each block. If a block is verified faster than the previous block, Ethereum protocol will increase the difficulty of the block. By adjusting the block difficulty, the time needed to verify the block can be adjusted
according to the Ethereum protocol, the dynamic adjustment method of difficulty is to make the time interval of creating new blocks in the whole network 15 seconds, and the network uses 15 seconds to create blockchain. In this way, because the time is too fast, the synchronization of the system is greatly improved, and it is difficult for malicious participants to launch 51% (that is, more than half) of the computing power to modify historical data in such a short time
the second information point is: in the initial setting of Ethereum, we hope to achieve the transition from POW to
POS through phased upgrade
dating back to 2014, at the beginning of Ethereum's launch, the team announced that the launch of the project would be divided into four stages, namely, Froniter, homestead, metropolis and serenity. In the first three stages, the consensus mechanism adopts pow (workload proof mechanism), and in the fourth stage, it switches to POS (equity proof mechanism)
on July 30, 2015, the first phase "frontier" of Ethereum was officially released. This phase is only suitable for developers. Developers can write smart contracts and decentralized application DAPP on Ethereum network, and miners begin to enter Ethereum network to maintain network security and get Ethereum coins. The leading-edge version is similar to the beta version, proving whether the Ethereum network is reliable or not
on March 14, 2016, Ethereum entered the second stage of "homeland". In this stage, Ethereum provides the wallet function, so that ordinary users can easily experience and use Ethereum. There is no obvious technology improvement in other aspects, but it shows that Ethereum network can run smoothly
in September 2017, Ethereum has reached the third stage of "metropolis"“ "Metropolis" is composed of Byzantine and Constantinople. The goal of this stage is to introce the hybrid chain mode of POW and POS, so as to prepare for the smooth transition from POW to POS. This is the latest popular "Ethereum Constantinople upgrade". In the Constantinople upgrade, Ethereum will make some changes to the underlying protocols and algorithms to lay a good foundation for the implementation of POW and
POS
how much reward will Ethereum get for mining? Miners who win the block creation competition will get the following income:
1. Static reward, 5 ethereums
2. The fuel cost in the block, i.e. gas, we talked about in the last issue
3. As a part of the block, it includes the extra reward of "Uncle block". Uncle is uncle of uncle, and each uncle block can get 1 / 32 of the mining reward as a reward, that is, 5 times 1 / 32, which is equal to 0.15625 ethereums. Here, let's briefly explain the concept of "TERT block". The concept of "TERT block" was proposed by Ethereum. Why should we introce the concept of TERT block? This also starts with bitcoin. In the bitcoin protocol, the longest chain is considered absolutely correct. If a block is not part of the longest chain, it is called a "orphan block". An isolated block is a block, which is also legal, but it may be found later, or the network transmission is slower, and it does not become part of the longest chain. In bitcoin, the solitude is meaningless and will be discarded later, and the miners who find the solitude will not receive mining related rewards
however, Ethereum does not think that isolated blocks are worthless, and Ethereum system will give rewards to miners who find isolated blocks. In Ethereum, isolated blocks are called "Uncle blocks", which can contribute to the security of the main chain. Ethereum's ten second block interval is too fast, which will rece the security. By encouraging the use of tertiary blocks, the main chain can obtain more security guarantees (because the isolated block itself is legal). Moreover, paying the tertiary block can also stimulate the miners to actively mine and actively use tertiary blocks. Therefore, Ethereum thinks that it is valuable.
The first step in setting up mining equipment is to choose the right hardware. This article will focus on GPU (graphics card) mining, of course, you can use CPU or ASIC equipment mining. Amd graphics card architecture is very beneficial to mining. NVIDIA card is not suitable for mining because of its low hash rate. The best NVIDIA graphics cards are less than 0.5 megahash. Notebook Hardware mining is not as good as NVIDIA card, which is a bad option for mining. You need to use a desktop system for mining. There is a desktop system to ensure adequate cooling of the hardware
the graphics card or card needs to be able to match the motherboard, and the power supply must have enough PCI-E connectors. Before determining the graphics card, pay attention to these. In order for the system to cool down sufficiently, you need to remove the cover of the chassis in order to get better heat dissipation. This is what people call "open air rig.". If you can aim the system at a fan or air conditioner, you can make the device cooler when it's running, thus extending its life and keeping it efficient
cloud computing, big data and artificial intelligence are known as the three carriages driving the future and enabling the real economy! At present, 48 of fortune's top 50 companies have publicly announced their cloud deployment plans, and the IT departments of many of them have widely used cloud services
Adobe's market value has increased by 10 times in the past nine years when it transformed into SaaS service; In the nine years since its listing, the market value of salesforce has increased by 30 times. Microsoft's revenue in the third quarter was US $30.6 billion, and cloud computing became the biggest contributor to the revenue growth of Microsoft's business. The revenue of intelligent cloud services sector reached US $9.7 billion, an increase of 22%<
according to the data report given by canalys, a research institution, the global cloud computing market in 2018 exceeded US $80 billion, reaching US $80.4 billion, with a year-on-year growth of 46.5%. In 2018, AWS had a revenue of US $25.4 billion, accounting for 31.7% of the market share, while Microsoft azure ranked second in the market, with an annual revenue of US $13.5 billion and a market share of 16.8%. In addition, according to the latest report released by Bain company, the size of the global cloud computing market is expected to rise to US $390 billion by 2020, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 17%, Forbes Online reported. The global cloud computing market scale accounts for 0.37% of GDP, while the domestic cloud computing market scale accounts for only 0.13% of GDP in the same period
China has a consumer Internet giant with the same strength as the United States, but it is several times different from the instrial Internet. With the disappearance of Internet demographic dividend, the dividend of domestic 2C consumer Internet users has subsided, and 2b instrial Internet is on its way, the troika of cloud computing, big data and artificial intelligence, It will witness the development of instrial Internet and usher in its own golden development. Instrial Internet acceleration, technology empowerment, China's 100 billion cloud computing market is waiting for its cultivators<
Cloud Computing: Top 10 development trends
here is a list of top 10 forecasts of the development trend of cloud computing instry in 2019 made by practitioners, analysts and enterprise decision-makers in the cloud computing instry for your reference<
participating in IDC circle: Top Ten Trends of cloud computing in 2019: cloud has become the main way to obtain artificial intelligence
1. Extensive use of intelligent decision-making has become an advanced symbol of enterprises
artificial intelligence has stepped out of the "entertainment world" and started to widely assist human decision-making in enterprise operation
in the future, whether an enterprise is advanced or not, one of the main measurement indicators is the proportion of intelligent assistance employees (not only serving executives) to make decisions. Cloud is no longer an issue discussed by technology circle, but more concerned by enterprise decision-makers
it is more urgent for enterprises to use artificial intelligence and other technologies for business innovation than ever before. At the same time, cloud based intelligent business will also trigger organizational change
2. Enterprises will graally give up the self built it infrastructure and move to the public cloud, resulting in "cloud based native enterprises"
the infrastructure of Netflix, an American video website, has been relocated to Amazon AWS. A small number of Chinese enterprises have realized such overall cloud relocation in 2018, and it is expected that a large number of cases of such overall cloud relocation will emerge in 2019
the cloud of means of proction means the opening of a new era
3. Cloud has become the most important path for enterprises to acquire AI
cloud naturally solves the unification of enterprise data and technology, and constitutes the most important path for enterprises to acquire AI capability< At present, public cloud platform has become the most important channel for customers to obtain AI services at low cost
in the business field, artificial intelligence technology that has been verified by cloud service providers' own business is favored by enterprise decision makers<
4. Hardware cloud service providers graally bid farewell to the public cloud market
in 2018, the traditional hardware start-ups encountered collective acclimatization in the era of public cloud
IBM's share of cloud computing has declined. Before that, HP, Cisco, Fujitsu and other enterprises had setbacks in entering the public cloud market with the help of open source openstack technology. The analysis shows that the hardware manufacturers' failure in the public cloud market lies in their failure to understand the nature of cloud computing
the essence of cloud computing is not a "computer" but a service. In addition, such enterprises are almost perfectly wrong with the Internet era. As a result, the hardware genes of the above-mentioned manufacturers are so powerful and the existing businesses are so successful that they are faced with the "innovator's dilemma"
5. The public cloud market is further concentrated
according to the statistics of authoritative market research institutions Gartner and IDC, four manufacturers, including Amazon AWS, Microsoft azure, Alibaba cloud and Google cloud, have become the leading forces in the global public cloud market, and their revenue growth rates are far faster than the average growth of the instry
Goldman Sachs, a Wall Street investment bank, predicts that Amazon, Microsoft, Alibaba and other giants will occupy about 84% of the core cloud computing market in 2019. These companies are significantly ahead of their competitors in talent, technology, operation, service, capital, ecology and other aspects. It can be predicted that the global cloud computing market concentration will be further improved in 2019, and will be more significant in the next few years
6. Enterprises prefer full stack solutions
in the past year, with the accelerated penetration of intelligent technology in the business field, many enterprises have realized intellectualization in some business links
however, more and more CEOs prefer comprehensive solutions than artificial intelligence technology to enhance a certain business or link. This kind of solution can not only realize the data of the company's business, but also provide a set of verified intelligent tools to help enterprises realize intelligent decision-making
in 2019, more comprehensive intelligent solutions will continue to appear and be welcomed by the market
7. Enterprises embrace cloud computing for security
in the past, security has become an obstacle
when many enterprises choose whether to go to the cloud, the most important concern is security, not only for their own information security, but also for the stability of business systems. However, with the digital transformation of the whole society, all kinds of business operations of enterprises will inevitably touch the Internet. In order to seek business security, they begin to become the driving factors for enterprises to actively go to the cloud
cloud computing manufacturers have a strong security team to serve too many types of customers, which can enable enterprises to obtain a strong security protection capability at low cost, which has changed the investment habits of enterprises in security in the past< After more than 10 years of development, cloud computing technology has graally matured, and the enterprise's acceptance of cloud computing is also further improved
as cloud computing can bring obvious utility to enterprise IT operation and business innovation, cloud computing has become the norm of enterprises
in 2019, the whole society will put more and more budget into the field of cloud computing, which will further enhance the proportion of cloud computing in the overall it expenditure. Goldman Sachs, a Wall Street investment bank, predicts that the market penetration rate of cloud computing will exceed 10% for the first time in 2019, and it will jump to 15% by 2021. This means that cloud computing will further erode enterprise IT spending and enhance its influence in the IT market< M & A activities in cloud computing instry will be more frequent
in 2018, there are many large-scale M & A transactions in the field of cloud computing, which are divided into different fields such as chip, security, artificial intelligence, developer community, cloud solutions, etc
in order to maintain the rapid growth, the mainstream cloud computing manufacturers need to launch more high value-added procts or services, and constantly expand the scale of paying customer groups. Mergers and acquisitions have become a means to achieve rapid results.
top ten Ethereum mining software in 2020
in terms of market value, Ethereum is the second largest cryptocurrency, second only to bitcoin. Ethereum's popularity among the holders has increased rapidly because it can build the whole decentralized ecosystem and applications on top of its blockchain. As Ethereum is friendly to GPU mining, Ethereum is a good choice for PC users (especially those with AMD high-end graphics cards). However, 24ker should also warn readers that at this time point, Ethereum's price is $241, which means that even if you use radon VII (90mh / s), your weekly profit is less than $7, The annual profit is about $339. However, considering the potential value-added space of Ethereum, if the price can return to the healthy range of $500-600, it means that your radon will be back in one year
if you already have Ethereum mining hardware and an effective wallet, all you have to do is to find the best eth mining software, which will help you manage the mining work effectively
in this article, we will introce the features, advantages and compatible operating systems. But before we get there... Let's talk about the basics
why Ethereum
unlike traditional currencies, Ethernet operates on the public ledger system, which makes mining itself the core power of Ethereum network. When miners receive the transaction data sent by other members of the network, they assemble them into a structure called Merkle tree, and then try to find an acceptable hash value
only one hash will be returned for each dataset, and the hash value cannot be used to dece the original data. Its purpose is to effectively ensure that the block information is not tampered with. Moreover, if someone changes even one number in any long transaction string, the output hash value will be completely different, and false transaction or fraud will be eliminated
as you can see, if there is no Ethereum mining, Ethereum network will be paralyzed immediately. Therefore, participating in Ethereum mining is not only the mining revenue, but also the support for the operation and growth of Ethereum
what is mining software< In short, mining software is a program that uses a computer graphics card (GPU) as a resource to solve complex mathematical equations. Once the equation is solved, the data is added to the rest of the blockchain
the mining software will monitor the input and output of the hardware, and display statistical data to you, such as miner speed, fan speed, temperature and hash rate
the Ethereum mining software described in this article can be connected to many available Ethereum mining pools
Ethereum mine pool
Ethereum mine pool is a resource area that is equally distributed and shared among miners. Nowadays, it has become too difficult for a person to dig a mine, so it is necessary to use the way of mining pool to fight in groups
today, Ethereum is one of the most famous choice of Ethereum mines. The pool allows its users to remain anonymous and pay only a small 1% mining fee<
top ten Ethereum mining software:
1-ethminer (Ethereum Royal)
it can be seen from the name that ethminer is specially designed for mining Ethereum, and currently supports Linux, MAC and windows. Make sure to download the version corresponding to the device's operating system
in addition to Ethereum, you can also use ethminer to mine all tokens according to ethash algorithm, including expand, elaism, metaverse, musicoin, Pirl, Ethereum classic, etc< Ethminer is a command line software. This means that you can start it from the Linux console or the windows command prompt, or you can use the windows CMD / batch file or the Linux bash script to create a shortcut to the preset command line<
(2-cgminer)
this program was released in 2011. Because it is compatible with three different mining hardware (ASIC, FPGA and GPU), it is still one of the most popular mining software options. CG miner is an open source Ethereum miner written in C language, and provides support and binary files for openwrt router, RPI, etc
the advantages of cgminer include the ability to match your hash rate with zero latency extension, remote interface function and advanced detection of new blocks. The software can be used for Mac, Linux and windows
3 - Claymore (maximum efficiency)
if you are looking for the most efficient Ethereum mining software, please consider using Claymore's al Ethereum mining machine, which can speed up to any hash rate without sacrificing the mining speed
Claymore recently released v12.0 upgrade, which reces the equipment cost of al mining mode from 2% to 1%. The upgrade also offers 3gb and 2GB cards with zero development costs. However, Claymore al miner can't run on Mac. At present, it can only run on Linux and windows. But it supports both NVIDIA and AMD cards
other coins you can mine with this program include siacoin, lbry, decred and Pascal< If you are not familiar with cryptocurrency mining and are looking for the simplest Ethereum mining software, please check wineth
the software is based on the ethminer that we have just evaluated, but wineth provides users with a more simple and easy to understand GUI, combined with "intelligent" algorithm, which will provide the configuration that can ensure the best performance on the new user's hardware
as can be seen from the name, wineth is only compatible with windows devices, and you can find it in the windows 10 app store.
Software introction
iminer intelligent mining is a one click mining optimization tool launched by bitvf. It can support digethereum, ethereal classic, zero coin, braised pork, Monroe coin and other currencies. It also supports DCR and SC, and supports NVIDIA and AMD graphics cards. Improve the N card and a card mining calculation power, support miner monitoring
required tools: Click to download: Aiminer
Aiminer optimizes the mining algorithm for the underlying GPU graphics card, counts the computing power of each currency g by the hardware system, BIOS setting of a card, overclocking of GPU graphics card and other data, and makes an intelligent optimization mining setting. By default, the software provides mainstream mine pool and income query in various currencies
function introction
1. Support al mining currency
2. Support N card and a card
3. Support mining machine monitoring
4. Support Windows
5. Improve mining calculation power
6. One click mining
the graphics card or card needs to be able to match the motherboard, and the power supply must have enough PCI-E connector. Before determining the graphics card, pay attention to these. In order for the system to cool down sufficiently, you need to remove the cover of the chassis in order to get better heat dissipation. This is what people call "open air rig.". If you can aim the system at a fan or air conditioner, you can make the device cooler when it's running, thus extending its life and keeping it efficient<
graphics processing unit (GPU), also known as display core, visual processor and display chip, is a kind of microprocessor specialized in image operation on personal computers, workstations, game machines and some mobile devices (such as tablet computers, smart phones, etc.)
it is used to convert and drive the display information needed by the computer system, provide the line scan signal to the display, and control the correct display of the display. It is an important component connecting the display and the PC motherboard, and is also one of the important equipment of "man-machine dialogue"
the processor of graphics card is called graphics processor (GPU), which is the "heart" of graphics card. Similar to CPU, GPU is designed to perform complex mathematical and geometric calculations, which are necessary for graphics rendering. Some of the fastest GPUs integrate more transistors than ordinary CPUs.