Mining principle of FPGA

1. The purpose of mining is to package the transaction block. If the package is successful, you will open a new package and get a 25 bitcoin reward, as well as the handling charge for the future transactions added to the package

then other miners will start to package the transaction generated by your new package until the next package comes out first

in the future, the mining capacity of bitcoin will be small or even zero. You still have transaction fees. The system will always need miners, and mining machines will still exist.

2.

In short, mining is the use of chips for a random number related calculation, get the answer in exchange for a virtual currency. Virtual currency can be exchanged for the currency of each country through some way. The stronger the computing power, the faster the chip can find this random answer. Theoretically, the more virtual coins can be proced per unit time. Because it's about random numbers, you can only get rewards if you happen to find the answer

In his paper, Nakamoto stated:

"in the absence of central authority, it not only encourages miners to support bitcoin network, but also enables bitcoin's currency circulation system to have the initial source of money injection."

Nakamoto compares the generation of bitcoin by consuming CPU power and time to the consumption of resources by gold mines to inject gold into the economy. Bitcoin mining and node software mainly initiates zero knowledge proof and verification transactions through peer-to-peer network, digital signature and interactive proof system

each network node concts broadcast transactions to the network. After these broadcast transactions are verified by miners (computers on the network), miners can use their own work proof results to express their confirmation. The confirmed transactions will be packaged into data blocks, and the data blocks will form a continuous data block chain

Nakamoto himself designed the first version of bitcoin mining program, which was later developed into the first generation of widely used mining software bitcoin, which was popular from 2009 to mid-2010

each bitcoin node will collect all the unconfirmed transactions and gather them into a data block. The miner node will add a random adjustment number and calculate the SHA-256 hash value of the previous data block. The mining node tries again and again until it finds the random adjustment number so that the hash value is lower than a specific target

extended data

at the earliest, bitcoin miners were mining through Intel or AMD CPU procts. But because mining is a computing intensive application, and with the continuous improvement of mining number and equipment performance, the difficulty graally increases, now using CPU mining has no profit or even loss

as of 2012, since the first quarter of 2013, miners graally began to use GPU or FPGA and other mining equipment [5]. At the same time, a large number of ASIC devices were launched in mid 2013

since July 2013, the computing power of the whole network has shown a straight-line rise e to the large number of ASIC equipment put into operation. Based on the average computing power in July 2013, all CPU mining equipment has been unable to generate positive revenue, and FPGA equipment is close to no revenue

according to the estimation of average computing power in September 2013, the existing small ASIC mining equipment developed for indivials will also be close to no positive revenue in the next 1-2 months. A large amount of computing power is monopolized by cluster ASIC mining equipment with 5 th ash / s or more. Because of no profit, indivial mining is almost squeezed out of mining groups. Some bitcoin miners have raised funds to build machine rooms and install a large number of mining equipment in places where low-cost electricity can be obtained

in order to save the cost of mining, some bitcoin miners make mining programs into malicious programs to infect other people's computers on the network to mine for themselves

3. Remote login all servers. First of all, you should have the login account and password of the remote login server.

4. 1. Modify the administrator password
after logging in to web remote management, click the "set administrator password" button in the "welcome" interface. Enter the current password and new password in the "administrator account" interface, and click the "OK" button at the bottom right to make the settings take effect

2. Manage web server
take modifying the home directory of the website as an example, click the "web server" option at the top of the "service management" window, and then click the "web master settings" button. In the "web master settings" interface, change the path of the "website root directory" and click the "OK" button

3. Manage users and groups
users can also manage users and groups in the server through web remote management. Take adding a user as an example, click the user option at the top of the service management window, and then click the local user button. In the "local user on server" interface, click the "new" button on the right, fill in the user information and password in the "create new user" interface, and click the "OK" button to successfully add users. If you want to delete a user, select the user to be deleted in the local user on server interface and click Delete on the right. The method of group management is similar to that of user management

4. Connecting to remote desktop
"remote desktop" is an obvious improvement of Windows Server 2003 compared with Windows 2000 server. Users can remotely manage the desktop connected to the server through web (this is more meaningful for Windows 9x, Because Windows XP itself has a client tool to connect "remote desktop", this function has little significance for Windows XP. Of course, this requires the server to enable the "remote desktop" function in advance. Click the maintenance option at the top of the service management window, and then click the remote desktop button. Enter the user name and password in the open login window to log on to the server desktop. If you are a system administrator, you can have all the permissions to manage the server. Using "remote desktop" to manage the server is as convenient as operating the local computer

5. To manage a router remotely, you need to set the router first. Enter the router interface security settings remote web management. Set the remote web management IP to 255.255.255.255. After saving, you can manage the router remotely. However, this is dangerous. It is not recommended to set it. If you need to set the specified IP, you can manage the router remotely.

6. Hello, for your problem:
1. Remote web management has two meanings:
the first one is the remote web management function of the router
the second one is the web management function in Windows SBS
I don't know which kind of your problem is, so I will provide you with solutions to both problems
2 Starting the router's own remote web management function
the router's remote web management and router management page are two things. The remote web management function needs to be opened separately, and different ways of opening routers may be different. Take tp link as an example
set the web management port and IP address in the management page, and select enable
if your problem is that you can't enter the router management page, please reset the router and try
3. Open the remote web management function in Windows SBS
A. open the
windows
SBS
console
B. in the navigation bar, click shared folders and websites
C. click the website tab
D. right click "remote
Web
access", please click "enable this site"!

7. No. It has nothing to do with whether to enable remote web management. Remote web management means that the router can use the web mode for connection login management. The default is to allow the local address (the same set of addresses as the LAN port of the router) to be managed in telnet mode.
after you enable remote web management, you can, Did not set the remote web management user name and password. Someone else login to modify the configuration of the router. Check it

8. The usage of router is as follows:
1. Internet hardware
1 broadband cat, 1 4-port broadband router and 2 twisted pair network cables
2. Hardware installation
1. Plug the output line of the broadband cat into the WAN port of the broadband router, and connect the LAN port of the router with the computer network card with the straight twisted pair network cable
2. Power up the broadband cat and router
3. Configure router
take SOHO rt402 broadband router of TP-LINK as an example, make the following settings (according to the router's instructions):
1. In the address bar of IE window, enter 192.168.1.1, and click "go" to open the dialog box that requires user name and password
2. Enter "admin" in the user name and password text boxes respectively, and confirm to open the configuration interface of the device
3. In the routing network connection wizard, select "WAN port" and "PPPoE Protocol" (be careful not to select dynamic and static), then enter your Telecom broadband account and password, and select "auto dial" in the advanced options. After configuration, turn off the power of the route and restart it< 4. Configure network computers to assign fixed IP addresses to two computers
1. Open the "local connection" attribute, double-click on TCP / IP protocol to open a dialog box, select "use fixed IP address" in the dialog box, and enter 192.168.1.2, subnet mask 255.255.255.0, gateway 192.168.1.1, main dns192.168.1.1 in the IP address. Confirm that the other computer has the same columns except the IP address 192.168.1.3
2. Broadband connection is considered automatic, so that two computers can access the Internet at the same time or independently.