When did mining begin
It was officially born on January 3, 2009
since 2015, the future of bitcoin has become more and more uncertain. On the one hand, bitcoin fell as much as 55.55% against RMB last year; In 2015, bitcoin fell by more than 30% against the RMB in the first half of January alone
bitcoin's "falling" reflects the "self-healing" of its value after "fanaticism" to a certain extent. According to statistics, in 2013, bitcoin rose from 1 ∶ 13.59 to 1 ∶ 731, with an annual increase of 5300%. This speculative driven inflation has affected the virtual currency property on which bitcoin relies
on the one hand, no country has defined it as a legal currency. On the other hand, in 2014, the US dollar rose significantly, and the prices of oil and bulk commodities fell correspondingly. The price trend of bitcoin is the same as that of the latter, becoming part of the asset allocation of some speculators, which highlights that its asset attribute is far greater than the monetary attribute
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Security and credit risk have also become the reasons for the decline of investor confidence. Mt. GOx, once the world's largest bitcoin exchange, claimed in March last year that it had lost all its assets e to hacker attacks. Recently, it was revealed that its lost bitcoin was probably e to internal system manipulation
the regulatory environment of bitcoin is not optimistic, and Russia, Thailand and other countries have begun to implement strict control on it. In addition, the global stock market performed well last year, resulting in the diversion of bitcoin investment funds, and the crazy "mining" activities also rapidly increased the supply of bitcoin, which may lead to a trend of oversupply in the short term, leading to a sharp drop in the price of bitcoin
Bitcoin was born in 2009, and it has entered China since it appeared
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bitcoin:
bitcoin can be used to cash and can be converted into the currency of most countries. Users can use bitcoin to buy some virtual items, such as clothes, hats and equipment in online games. As long as someone accepts it, they can also use bitcoin to buy real-life items
the concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto in 2009. According to Nakamoto's ideas, open source software was designed and released, and P2P network was built on it. Bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
generation principle:
starting from the essence of bitcoin, the essence of bitcoin is actually a special solution generated by a bunch of complex algorithms. A special solution is one of the infinite (in fact, bitcoin is finite) solutions that can be obtained from the equations. Every particular solution can solve the equation and is unique. In the metaphor of RMB, bitcoin is the serial number of RMB. If you know the serial number of a note, you have the note. The process of mining is to constantly seek the special solution of this equation system through a huge amount of calculation. This equation system is designed to have only 21 million special solutions, so the upper limit of bitcoin is 21 million
source: bitcoin
FT is not a coin. Ft (fcoin token) is a token issued by fcoin trading platform, which is the representative of all rights and interests of the trading platform. The issuance of FT is based on the principle of "transaction is mining" (see the mining principle) and graally released (see the description of circulation), with the upper limit of 10 billion and never increasing
as the representative of platform equity, the platform will distribute 80% of the income to FT holders (check the details of income distribution). At the same time, FT holders have the right to participate in major decision-making and community management
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value of fun coin global common points (FT currency):
1. Transaction mining reward: from 0:00 (UTC + 9) every day, 110% of the transaction fees generated by users will be converted into ft for accumulation, and the conversion price will be calculated according to the average price of FT in that hour (the average price calculation method is total transaction amount / total volume)
2. Bonus reward: 50% of the platform's handling fee income will be distributed to FT holding members as dividends
3. Buy back plan: 20% of the platform's handling charge goes into the buy back fund. When the price of FT fluctuates greatly; All users can enter a public address without private key, and this address can only enter but not exit. All users can effectively supervise through the block browser. The repo program continues until 50% (1.5 billion) ft of the total repo amount
4. Asset injection plan: 20% of the service charge of funcoin platform will be injected into ft assets. The purpose of the fund includes, but is not limited to, dividends for FT users again at a specific time, airdrop rewards, setting up special user reward mechanism, etc
"Transaction is mining" is a typical platform operation mode. Users mine through transactions. Some platforms will issue their own tokens as rewards for users' trading behavior
Relevant introction:in June 2018, the cryptocurrency exchange fcoin put forward the concept of "trading is mining", and in a short period of time, the daily trading volume rose to the first in the world, triggering a war between exchanges
"transaction is mining" is actually a return mechanism of personal transaction fees based on platform currency. Strictly speaking, there were similar playing methods before the establishment of fcoin. For example, bibox had a mechanism to return a certain proportion of fee income to platform currency holders
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fcoin's "transaction is mining" is repackaged. Following the allocation rules of bitcoin mining, 51% of platform currency ft is taken as the mining reward pool. Through "mining (trading on fcoin)", FT is graally unlocked. Once 51% of FT is fully fed back, "mining" is automatically terminated
in terms of specific implementation, fcoin trading means mining starts at 0 o'clock every day (GMT + 8), and the transaction fees generated by users will be converted into ft for accumulation every hour. The conversion price is calculated according to the average price of FT in that hour (the average price is calculated as total transaction amount / total trading volume)
1. Coinbene
country: Singapore
Mining instructions: CONI is issued by the global high-quality digital asset trading platform coinbene in full currency, with a total issue of 1 billion and guaranteed never to be added. Coinbene provides an online service (platform), which allows users to exchange different block link codes with each other. 100% of the platform revenue is converted into eth (converted according to the hourly closing price of ETH) and returned at 3pm the next day. Special line discount of transaction service charge: users holding CONI will enjoy special discount of service charge. The more they hold, the greater the discount. They can enjoy 30% discount at most
2. Fcoin
country: U.S.
Mining Description: fcoin is the first digital asset trading platform with transparent assets in the world, which will distribute 80% of the platform's income to FT holders regularly. Ft (fcoin token) is a token issued by fcoin trading platform, which is the representative of all rights and interests of the trading platform. The issuance of FT is based on the principle of "trading is mining", with an upper limit of 10 billion and will never increase“ The specific way of the "transaction is mining" indivial transaction fee return mechanism is: from 0 o'clock every day (GMT + 8, the same below), the transaction fee generated by the user will be converted into ft for accumulation every hour, and the conversion price is calculated according to the average price of FT in that hour (the average price is calculated as the total transaction amount / total trading volume). Return once an hour, return the mining output 24 hours ago and in the same hour interval. For example, in the interval of 7:00-8:00 one day, the return is the mining output in the interval of 7:00-8:00 the previous day
3, bit-z
country: U.S.
Mining instructions: voting method is adopted to realize currency loading, mining generates BZ in real time, and settlement is returned every 60 minutes. The commission fee will be reced by 3% for every 10 million mines“ Users who participate in the transaction can get a refund of service charge (in the form of equivalent BZ, and need to complete three-level certification); Each phase of 10 million BZ will be released step by step, and each phase of 10 million BZ will automatically enter the next phase. The return ratio of each period will decrease by 3%; At the same time, the platform promotes the opening of BZ transactions according to the mining capacity of the whole network; BZ shall return the service charge according to the formula in "2" before opening the transaction, and 100% of BZ real-time price after opening the transaction; Price calculation: before opening Trading: 1bz = 0.158 usdt, 1bz = 1dkkt, 1bz = (0.158 / BTC price of the whole network) BTC opening; After trading: real time price calculation
Mining instructions: the total amount of bigo coins is 25050000, which adopts destruction mechanism and dividend mechanism, and will never be issued. The only way to obtain bigo currency is for users of the currency exchange to obtain it through mining or online trading. Mining: it refers to the user's transaction on Hong Kong currency Pavilion platform (all currencies except bige currency and bigo currency), namely "transaction mining"“ Miners (users) increase the total trading volume of the platform through trading, and the trading system automatically drops bigo coins to miners as mining rewards U-coincountry: Australia
Mining instructions: Au is based on erc20 contract tokens, with a total issue of 5 billion, and will never be issued. All Au are frozen and need to be thawed by mining, 50% of which is released by trading mining. AU's "mining" is realized in the form of indivial transaction dividends. The specific calculation method is as follows: daily income of the miner = daily transaction handling charge / Au currency price of the day * dynamic transaction mining Commission. The "daily transaction handling charge" refers to the total handling charge generated by the miner's daily transaction in the Au trading area of u Network in Australia“ "Current day Au currency price" refers to the daily average price of Au currency on Australian u-net platform“ "Dynamic transaction mining rebate" means that the platform will refund 100% to 200% of the total transaction fees of the Au trading area on the same day according to the total mining quantity and currency price on the same day
there are more than a dozen other companies. There are too many words to post. Let's see for ourselves
continuous update: trade is mining! The most complete list of mining exchanges in history
a total of 2100W bitcoins are issued, and each block is generated for 10 minutes, and a block rewards a certain number of bitcoins. In the beginning, 50 bitcoins were awarded for each block of mining. In the future, the reward was halved for every 21000 blocks (about once every four years). Now, 12.5 bitcoins are awarded for each block generated. The generation time of each block is 10 minutes, but with the development of computer technology, now the mining calculation power is increasing, so the generation time of a block must be less than 10 minutes, which requires certain control measures to ensure this time. This measure is the difficulty of mining. If the output time of each block is less than 10 minutes, the difficulty of mining will be increased. If the output time is more than 10 minutes, the difficulty of mining will be reced. The difficulty adjustment time is 2016 blocks, that is, 2 weeks
after every 2016 blocks, all nodes will automatically adjust the mining difficulty according to a certain formula. This formula is obtained by comparing the latest time spent in 2016 blocks in this cycle with the expected time (20160 minutes, i.e. two weeks)
new difficulty = old difficulty * (time spent in the past 2016 blocks / 20160 minutes)
according to the situation in 2013, the 420 Ya'an earthquake has caused the loosening of many mountain earthwork. Coupled with the strong rainfall in July, it is not difficult to understand why debris flows occur frequently.