Hash value of mining output

1. In fact, the mining calculation of bitcoin is to do math problems together. The problem stem is the transaction that needs to be recorded. By doing the problem, everyone grabs the bookkeeping right, and the miners can get system rewards and transaction fees
the feature of sha256 algorithm used in bitcoin is that it's easy to verify the known answers correctly, but it's very troublesome to get the answers, and you need to try them one by one. The miner who got the answer first was recognized by everyone as having snatched the right to keep accounts, and the reward was given to him. Let's continue to grab the bookkeeping right of the next question
simply speaking, the significance of these calculations only lies in ensuring the stability and security of the whole system, and has no more significance. It is not comprehensive to regard bitcoin as a by-proct of computing. The generation and issuance of bitcoin, all the transactions and circulation in the bitcoin chain, and the stability of the bitcoin system are all the purposes of computing. Of course, in addition to maintaining the system, it does not proce other value and procts. This is also a black spot where bitcoin is accused of not being environmentally friendly and wasting resources
in general, bitcoin, as a milestone blockchain digital currency, comes from the huge value of a large amount of computing power investment and user trust. There is no doubt about that.

2. Blockchain encrypts the transaction information in a transaction block by hash algorithm, and compresses the information into a hash string composed of a string of numbers and letters. Jinwowo group analyzes the functions of its hash algorithm as follows: the hash value of the blockchain can uniquely and accurately identify a block, and any node in the blockchain can obtain the hash value of the block through simple hash calculation, and the calculated hash value does not change, which means that the information in the blockchain has not been tampered with.

3. What is hash algorithm? How to ensure the fairness of mining
hash algorithm is a cryptographic algorithm that can only encrypt, but not decrypt. It can convert any length of information into a fixed length string
this string has two characteristics:
1. Even if the input value changes only a little, the output hash value will be very different
2. Only exactly the same input value can get exactly the same output value
3. There is no rule between the input value and the output value, so the input value cannot be calculated by the output value. In order to find the specified output value, we can only use enumeration method: constantly change the input value to find the output value that meets the conditions
hash algorithm ensures that the results of bitcoin mining can not be deced reversely. Therefore, the miner's continuous operation is essentially brutally cracking the correct input value. Whoever finds the first one will get the bitcoin reward.

4. Jinwowo group, based on the blockchain model architecture, does the analysis in the following way:
1 - data layer: data block, chain structure and time stamp
2 - network layer: P2P network, propagation mechanism, verification mechanism
3 - consensus layer: pow, POS, dpos
4 - incentive layer: issuance mechanism, distribution mechanism
5 - contract layer: script code, algorithm mechanism, smart contract
6-application layer: encapsulates various application scenarios
in the future, jinwowo group will focus on promoting the legal circulation and commercial application of big data with blockchain technology.

5.

Hash algorithm maps any length of binary value to a fixed length of smaller binary value, which is called hash value. Hash value is a unique and compact numerical representation of a piece of data. If you hash a piece of plaintext and change only one letter of the paragraph, subsequent hashes will proce different values. It is computationally impossible to find two different inputs with the same hash value

message authentication code (MAC) hash function is usually used with digital signature to sign data, while message detection code (MDC) hash function is used for data integrity

the basic information of bitcoin network is as follows:

all digital currencies that need to be mined have hash values, such as Laite coin, Ruitai coin, doggy coin, Weimeng coin, Diandian coin, Yuanbao coin, etc< br />

6.

The annual interest rate of the three-year term is 5.43%, and the maximum issue amount is 15 billion yuan; The annual interest rate of 5-year term is 6.00%, and the maximum issue amount is 9 billion yuan; There is no type of ten-year Treasury bond

the three treasury bonds are all fixed-term procts with fixed interest rate, and the largest total issue amount is 30 billion yuan. The period of the 16th issue is one year, the annual interest rate is 3.85%, and the maximum issue amount is 3 billion yuan; The 17th issue has a term of 3 years, an annual interest rate of 5.58%, and a maximum issue amount of 15 billion yuan; The 18th issue has a term of 5 years, an annual interest rate of 6.15%, and a maximum issue amount of 12 billion yuan

the issuance period of the three treasury bonds is from October 15, 2011 to October 27, 2011, with interest from October 15, 2011, paid annually, and paid annually on October 15. The 16th installment paid the principal and interest on October 15, 2012, the 17th installment and the 18th installment paid the principal and interest on October 15, 2014 and October 15, 2016 respectively

extended data:

types of national debt:

1. National debt can be divided into national borrowing and issuing bonds according to the form of national debt. State borrowing is the most primitive form of borrowing. Modern countries mainly take this form when they borrow foreign debts from foreign governments, banks, international financial organizations and their central banks. However, the loan can only be made under the condition of a small number of debtors

(2) according to the region of issuing national debt, national debt can be divided into domestic debt and foreign debt. Domestic debt is a kind of debt borrowed and issued at home. Foreign debt refers to loans from other governments, banks and international financial organizations and bonds issued abroad

source of reference: Internet - Treasury bond interest rate

7. At 170mhash / s, the 24-hour output is only 0.1 bitcoin, 58.5 ~ ~ ~ let's calculate....

8. Let's take a look

9. Class is like work, rabbit hole. Your villains will only enter the classroom, you just wait outside, this can't be together.

10. A completely free and compact hash value calculation program, which supports the hash value calculation of strings and files. The hash value types that can be calculated in version 1.0 include: MD5, SHA1, CRC32, and supports drag and drop, When you use it, you only need to drag and drop the file you need to calculate the hash value into the program window.

Update introction:
version 1.6 improves the data processing problem ring verification.