Bank chain virtual currency
It is illegal to issue virtual currency privately
According to Article 29 of the regulations of the people's Republic of China on the administration of RMB, no unit or indivial is allowed to print or sell token tickets to replace RMB in circulation on the market In addition, the "emergency notice of the State Council Office for rectifying unhealthy tendencies in the instry, the State Economic and Trade Commission and the people's Bank of China on prohibiting the issuance and use of various token certificates (cards)" also strictly prohibited similar issues 
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virtual currency refers to non real currency. Well known virtual currencies, such as online currency of Internet company, q-coin of Tencent company, q-point and voucher of Shanda company, micro currency launched by Sina (used for micro games, Sina reading, etc.), chivalrous Yuanbao (used for chivalrous road game), silver grain (used for bixue Qingtian game), and popular digital currencies in 2013 include bitcoin, Laite coin, infinite coin, quark coin, zeta coin, etc Barbecue coins, pennies (Internet), invisible gold bars, red coins, prime coins. At present, hundreds of digital currencies are issued all over the world. Popular in the circle & quot; The legend of "bitcoin, Wright silver, infinite copper, pennies aluminum"
market formation
the Internet has led to the emergence of a new market, which is a virtual market based on cyberspace. The Internet provides a lot of communication places for consumers, and also provides business market for enterprises. Enterprises must change from proct centered to service centered to customer centered. With the development of computer artificial intelligence technology and database technology, enterprises can conveniently collect customers' information, understand customers' needs in time, change business strategies and grasp economic arteries in real time
With the rapid development of computer and network communication technology, the application of Internet technology has graally penetrated into various fields of human activities, and the unlimited business opportunities that it contains make businesses turn their eyes to e-commerce. E-commerce is penetrating into all aspects of social and economic life at a speed that people can hardly imaginethe traditional finance is also closely watching this irresistible trend of global economic integration and networking. As a result, value-added services take art as the selling point and can be regarded as commodities; The sword in the game is not a brand-new financial services business philosophy - e-finance came into being
from the historical development process, to understand e-finance, we must start from the electronic finance and e-commerce. The so-called e-financialization means that financial enterprises adopt modern communication, computer, network and other information technology means in addition to Internet technology to improve the work efficiency of traditional financial service business, rece operating costs, realize the automation of financial business processing, informatization of financial enterprise management and scientific decision-making, and provide customers with faster and more convenient services, And then enhance the financial enterprise is the behavior of market competitive advantage
e-finance is a transcendence of financial electronization. Different from the electronic finance, the main technical basis of e-finance operation is the increasingly perfect Internet technology. Due to the characteristics of global connectivity, openness, quickness and low marginal cost of Internet technology, e-finance strengthens the restructuring and innovation of financial services business based on Internet technology, so that customers are free from the restrictions of business hours and places, and enjoy all kinds of high-quality and low-cost services provided by financial enterprises anytime and anywhere
with the development of Internet, the form of money is becoming more virtual, and there is an electronic money that only exists in the form of electronic signal
reference source: Network: virtual currency
1、 Different definitions:
1. Virtual currency:
virtual currency refers to non real currency
digital currency:digital currency is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. Both digital gold coin and cryptocurrency belong to digiccy
3. Cryptocurrency:
cryptocurrency is a kind of transaction medium that uses cryptography principles to ensure transaction security and control the creation of transaction units
4. Token (token):
a kind of article whose shape and size are similar to currency, but the scope of use is limited and has no currency effect, and its token is the homonym of token in English
Second, the characteristics are different:1; It can also be said that virtual currency is personalized currency. In another way, it can also be called information currency
2. Digital currency:
is an unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of specific virtual communities
Cryptocurrency:cryptocurrency is based on the decentralized consensus mechanism, which is opposite to the banking and financial system relying on the centralized regulatory system
4. Token (token):
usually needs to be exchanged for money, used in shops, playgrounds, mass transportation and other places, as a voucher to use services and exchange goods
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at present, digital currency is more like an investment proct, because it lacks a strong guarantee agency to maintain its price stability, and its role as a value measure has not yet appeared, so it can not be used as a means of payment. As an investment proct, digital currency cannot develop without trading platform, operating company and investment company
digital currency is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, the blockchain technology it relies on has been decentralized and can be used in other fields except digital currency, which is one of the reasons why bitcoin is popular; On the other hand, if digital currency is widely used by the public as a kind of currency, it will have a huge impact on the effectiveness of monetary policy, financial infrastructure, financial market and financial stability
Virtual currency fraud calls 110 directly
many departments, such as the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the central office of information technology, the Ministry of public security and so on, issued risk tips, saying that some criminals, under the banner of "financial innovation" and "blockchain", absorbed funds by issuing the so-called "virtual currency", "virtual assets" and "digital assets", thus infringing the legitimate rights and interests of the public
this kind of activity is not really based on blockchain technology, but on the hype of blockchain concept, illegal fund-raising, pyramid selling and fraud. In essence, it is a Ponzi scheme of "repaying the old by borrowing the new", which is difficult to maintain the long-term operation of funds
the public should treat the blockchain rationally, not blindly believe the promises, establish a correct monetary concept and investment concept, and effectively improve the risk awareness. Report to the public security organ in time after being cheated
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the first is the obvious networking and cross-border of virtual currency. Relying on the Internet and chat tools for transactions, and using online payment tools to balance funds, the risks spread widely and spread quickly. Some lawless elements set up websites by renting overseas servers to carry out activities for domestic residents and control illegal activities remotely
some indivials claim that they have obtained the investment quota of overseas high-quality blockchain projects in the chat tool group and can invest on their behalf, which is most likely fraud. Most of these illegal funds flow overseas, which makes it very difficult to supervise and trace
followed by deception, temptation and concealment. They use hot concepts to hype, fabricate various "tall and tall" theories, and some also use celebrity "big V" platforms to publicize. They use airdrop "candy" as temptation to claim that "currency value only rises but not falls", "investment cycle is short, income is high, and risk is low", which has strong bewitching
in practice, criminals illegally make huge profits by manipulating the price trend of the so-called virtual currency, setting profit and withdrawal threshold. In addition, some criminals also issue tokens under the guise of ICO, IFO, IEO, etc., or hype virtual currency in the way of IMO under the banner of sharing economy, which has strong concealment and confusion
finally, there are many kinds of illegal risks in this kind of behavior. Through public publicity, the illegal elements attract the public to invest funds, lure investors and development personnel to join, and constantly expand the fund pool with the t of currency appreciation and development offline profits, which has the characteristics of illegal fund-raising, pyramid selling, fraud and other illegal acts
Zhou Xiaochuan pointed out that as legal tender, digital currency must be issued by the central bank. The issue, circulation and transaction of digital currency should follow the idea of integration of traditional currency and digital currency, and implement the same principle of management. That is to say, q-coin and the like are definitely not good
as for whether to use blockchain technology to create digital currency. Zhou Xiaochuan said that the blockchain technology is an optional technology, but so far, the blockchain still occupies too many resources. Whether it is computing resources or storage resources, it can't cope with the current transaction scale, and whether it can be solved in the future depends on it. Zhou Xiaochuan said that in addition to blockchain technology, the digital currency research team of the people's Bank of China has also concted in-depth research on other related technologies involved in digital currency, such as mobile payment, trusted and controllable cloud computing, cryptographic algorithm, security chip, etc
it is certain that the digital currency issued by the central bank can never be the same as bitcoin, Ruitai, Qianjin card and other digital currencies. The digital currency issued by the central bank is just the digital currency.
Virtual currency is the currency used for electronic circulation. Now the scope of virtual currency is very large, including q-coin, bitcoin and so on. With the development of digital currency, virtual currency is becoming more and more abundant, which may become the mainstream in the future. For example, BTC, EOS, bcbot and so on are not only virtual currencies, but also algorithms, landing projects and technologies
virtual currency is mainly issued by online game service providers to purchase game props, such as equipment, clothing, etc. But at present, the use of virtual currency has gone far beyond this category. Virtual currency can be used to buy game cards, physical objects and download services of some movies and software
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real risk
as the proct of e-commerce, virtual currency has begun to play an increasingly important role, and it is more and more connected with the real world. However, with the growth of virtual currency, the relevant laws and regulations are lagging behind, which has laid many hidden dangers
fraud
the private transaction of online virtual currency has realized the two-way circulation between virtual currency and RMB to a certain extent. The activity of these traders is to buy all kinds of virtual currencies and procts at a low price, and then sell them at a high price to earn profits. With the increase of such transactions, there are even virtual mints. In addition to the virtual currency provided by the main company, there are also some people who specialize in "virtual coin making" to obtain virtual currency by playing games and then resell it to other players
Taking Wenzhou as an example, there are about seven or eight such "virtual mints" with four or five hundred practitioners. This not only creates a bubble for the price of the virtual currency itself, but also causes trouble for the normal sale of the issuing company. It also provides a platform for selling and collecting money and money laundering for various cyber crimes. p>
impact system
in modern financial system, the issuers of money are generally central banks, which are responsible for the management and supervision of money operation. As the equivalent exchange goods used to replace the real currency circulation on the Internet, the virtual currency on the Internet is essentially the same as the real currency. The difference is that the issuers are no longer central banks, but Internet companies
if the development of virtual currency makes it form a unified market, each company can exchange with each other, or virtual currency is integrated and unified, and all of them are based on the same standard and price, then in a sense, virtual currency is currency, which is likely to form a threat impact on the traditional financial system or economic operation
reference: network virtual currency
There is no official recognition of any virtual currency in China
different from sovereign currency, the "credit" basis of "virtual currency" is mathematical algorithm, and its price depends on the reliability of the algorithm, market confidence and other factors. There are many defects and loopholes in technology, and its value foundation is very fragile
the China Internet Finance Association recently announced that bitcoin and other so-called "virtual currencies" lack a clear value basis, the market has a strong speculative atmosphere, the price fluctuates violently, and investors blindly follow suit, which is easy to cause capital losses. There is no legal basis for the establishment of various so-called "currency" trading platforms in China
extended information:
in recent years, the price of bitcoin has risen rapidly, attracting a large number of people to enter. A large number of "virtual currencies" followed suit. In 2017, the price of Leyte increased by 476%, the price of Ruibo increased by 54 times, and the price of ether increased by 13 times
Li Aijun, Dean of the Internet Finance and Law Research Institute of China University of political science and law, believes that virtual currency is the proct of networking, and the digital information flowing in the network is beyond everyone's control. The code of cyberspace is the basis of the operation of virtual currency, investors can only operate through the front-end interface, seemingly "control" the virtual currency. The operator of the virtual currency service organization may become the actual controller of the virtual currency through the control code
Li Aijun, Dean of the Internet Finance and Law Research Institute of China University of political science and law, believes that virtual currency is the proct of networking, and the digital information flowing in the network is beyond everyone's control. The code of cyberspace is the basis of the operation of virtual currency, investors can only operate through the front-end interface, seemingly "control" the virtual currency. The operator of the virtual currency service organization may become the actual controller of the virtual currency through the control code
Du Yan believes that the existence of bitcoin and exchanges and other instrial chains has constructed an illegal financial market for asset transfer and financing beyond legal tender, increased the difficulty of regulatory authorities in managing financial security and stability, and promoted regulatory arbitrage and financial crimes. The risks and social security risks it brings to the financial market are far higher than its innovative value
investors should stick to rational investment, not blindly follow the trend, nor take chances. There are risks in investment, especially in the face of a new model, we should be more cautious in investment, so as not to become the target of wealth plunder by criminals
There is no legal virtual currency in China
virtual currency refers to non real currency. Well known virtual currency, such as network company's network currency, Tencent company's Q currency, Q point, Shanda company's voucher, Sina's Micro currency (used for micro games, Sina reading, etc.), chivalrous Yuanbao (used for chivalrous road game), silver pattern (used for bixue Qingtian game)
the popular digital currencies in 2013 are bitcoin, Leyte coin, infinite coin, quark coin, zeta coin, BBQ coin, pennies (Internet), invisible gold bar, red coin and prime currency. At present, hundreds of digital currencies are issued all over the world. Popular in the circle & quot; The legend of "bitcoin, Wright silver, infinite copper, pennies aluminum"
extended information: the particularity of virtual currency
the biggest difference between personalized virtual currency and stock market is not only the integrated pricing function with reference points, but also the distributed pricing function with reference points. This process is not completed in the virtual money market, but in the development of personalized modern services
< 2. Personalized virtual currency will have its own cultural value orientation
in the future personalized virtual currency trading market, price level information similar to today's stock index will also be formed. But different from stock index, personalized virtual currency price index will not reflect investment value-added information, but entertainment value, cultural value, spiritual value, freedom value and personality value similar to cool value
3. Personalized virtual money market will play a role in promoting traditional instries
with the development of game instrialization and instrial Gamification, indivial freedom has been comprehensively developed, that is, personalized self realization, which will become the ultimate goal of instrial upgrading. Traditional instries, including proct manufacturing and service instries, will take the satisfaction of spiritual and cultural values as the pursuit of added value of procts and services
this is also a distributed (decentralized) digital currency. Unlike the sha256 mining algorithm used by bitcoin, LTC adopts scrypt algorithm. Scrypt algorithm uses sha256 as its subroutine, and scrypt itself needs a lot of memory. Each hash is used as the seed of the input, and then it needs a lot of memory to store another pseudo-random sequence to generate the pseudo-random points of the sequence and output the hash value. In the mining of BTC (bitcoin), it is not enough to rely on simple graphics card mining (it takes about ten to dozens of days to dig a BTC with general configuration graphics card). The emergence of various expensive mining machines has raised the threshold for ordinary people to get BTC through mining, while LTC has certain advantages in using PC graphics card mining This passage comes from Zhihu.)
compared with BTC, litecain has made a little improvement in technology. If BTC is gold now, LTC is silver for the time being
the biggest advantage of litecoin is that it can confirm the authenticity faster. The virtual currency is designed and maintained by Charles Lee. Bitcoin transactions need to be verified, and the average verification time is more than 10 minutes. Most transaction websites need 1 hour to verify. The average transaction confirmation time of liteoin is 2.5 minutes. Developers claim that shortening the verification time increases the practicability of virtual currency. The bitcoin mining efficiency of customized machine and AMD GPU is the highest, making it almost unprofitable for miners using CPU mining. Litecain's mining excludes GPUs and custom processors, so it doesn't rely too much on a small number of professional miners
ppcoin
ppcoin (PPC) was released on August 19, 2012, which has improved the original technology of BTC. Use proof of make and add the concept of coin age
ppcoin is a bifurcated project of bitcoin, which aims to achieve energy efficiency and maintain the best performance of the original bitcoin as far as possible. The unit price of ppcoin is US $0.22 and the total currency value is US $4 million
ppcoin does not have a fixed upper limit of money supply, but it does not mean that ppcoin has obvious inflation compared with bitcoin. Bitcoin can be compared to gold. The annual inflation rate of gold is about 1-3%. Although gold has no known upper limit of money supply, we still know that it is a reliable scarce commodity
ppcoin has two types of casting: work certificate and equity certificate. The coinage rate of working proof is affected by Moore's law, which depends on the doubling of our working proof ability. What we all know is that Moore's law will eventually come to an end. By then, the ppcoin of inflation may be close to the gold level. The annual maximum inflation rate of certificate of equity is 1%. At the same time, ppcoin's transaction costs were destroyed to fight inflation. So on the whole, the coin design of ppcoin is still a very low inflation design in the future, which can be comparable with bitcoin<
ppcoin's reward is similar to lottery, which will determine the winning probability according to the number of ppcoin held by miners. Sunny king, one of the founders, said that their design is based on a new concept of long-term energy efficiency
terracoin
terracoin (TRC) was released on October 26, 2012, with a total currency of 42 million. The speed of each block is 2 minutes, slightly faster than LTC. There is not much special in technology, similar to the proction of BTC halved every four years
however, the operation team seems to have a strong business background and may be better than other bitcoins in circulation. The development of virtual currency is getting more and more attention. Now some teams with business background will accelerate the development of virtual currency
namecoin
namecoin is a distributed domain name system based on bitcoin technology. Its principle is the same as bitcoin. The first release date of this open source software is April 18, 2011
namecoin is generated from an original block which is different from bitcoin's main trading block. It uses a new blockchain, which is independent of bitcoin's blockchain. Because it is based on bitcoin, the security, distribution, robustness, encryption and migration of domain names are guaranteed mathematically. You can dig bitcoin and namecoin at the same time
this project was discussed and proposed by bitdns, which is mainly dissatisfied with the defects of DNS. The only top-level domain name of namecoin is. Bit. It costs namecoin to register a. Bit domain name
in addition, Q currency, Shanda currency, starting point currency and various online game currencies are also virtual currencies.