Virtual currency wins the lawsuit

1. As of March 9, 2018, virtual currency transactions are not protected by law.

2. 1. Although network virtual currency can not be completely equivalent to money and other traditional property, in specific occasions, the perpetrator can achieve the criminal purpose of illegally obtaining other people's property through the possession of virtual currency. Therefore, the fraud of virtual currency may also endanger the property safety of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, which has considerable social harmfulness and should also be punished as a crime
2, if the public security organs suspect the criminal detention, the procuratorate can not approve the arrest, they should apply for l pending trial. Bail pending trial also goes through the court
the seventy-seventh provision of the criminal procere law stipulates that the people's court, the people's Procuratorate and the public security organ shall not exceed twelve months for the suspect and defendant to be l, and the longest residence shall not exceed six months.
ring the period of l pending trial and residential surveillance, the investigation, prosecution and trial of the case shall not be interrupted. If it is found that criminal responsibility should not be investigated or the term of l pending trial or residential surveillance has expired, the l pending trial or residential surveillance shall be lifted in time. In case of cancellation of l pending trial or residential surveillance, the person who has been led pending trial or residential surveillance and the relevant units shall be informed in time.

3.

According to the news on February 10, 2018, on September 4, 2017, seven ministries and commissions of the people's Republic of China issued the notice on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, which regulates the issuance of tokens. In the notice, the nature of all kinds of tokens and "virtual currency" is clearly defined: it is not issued by the monetary authority, and it has no monetary attributes such as legal compensation and mandatory, It does not have the same legal status as currency and cannot and should not be used as currency in the market. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that all kinds of "virtual currency" still have a certain property value and are part of the property of the holder. So, how to identify the nature of the theft of such tokens

In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of "virtual token" holders, the author intends to discuss such issues through a relevant news report and relevant cases

stealing bitcoin

recently, a news report said that Haidian police in Beijing cracked a case of destroying computer information system. The suspect Zhong used his administrator's authority to modify the company's computer applications and steal 100 bitcoins. Before he could sell the stolen money, Zhong was arrested by the police. At present, Zhong was detained for the crime of destroying computer information system

it can be seen from the report that the police detained the perpetrator for stealing bitcoin on suspicion of damaging the computer information system. The crime of destroying the computer information system stipulated in Article 286 of the criminal law of our country refers to the act of deleting, modifying, adding or interfering with the functions of the computer information system in violation of the provisions of the state, resulting in the abnormal operation of the computer information system and serious consequences, or deleting, modifying or interfering with the data and application programs stored, processed or transmitted in the computer information system Modifying or adding operations with serious consequences, or deliberately making or spreading destructive programs such as computer viruses, which affect the normal operation of the computer system with serious consequences

In the author's opinion, this crime is one of the crimes of impairing social management order in Chapter 6 of the criminal law, that is, the legal interest protected by this crime is actually the public order of our society, not the property interests of the digital currency holders, which in fact denies the property value of digital currency, It is only protected as a data or system function in a computer system. The author thinks that there is some irrationality in this way

first of all, in the notice on the prevention of bitcoin risk issued in 2013, it is mentioned that bitcoin is not a real currency because it is not issued by the monetary authority and does not have such monetary attributes as legal compensation and compulsion. Bitcoin has four main characteristics: no centralized issuers, limited amount, no geographical restrictions and anonymity. Because it belongs to a specific virtual commodity in nature The notice also clearly mentioned that bitcoin does not have the same legal status as currency and should not be used as currency in the market. However, as a virtual commodity, the property value behind bitcoin cannot be ignored

Secondly, Article 127 of the general provisions of the civil law, which came into effect on October 1 last year, stipulates that if the law has provisions on the protection of data and network virtual property, such provisions shall prevail. Although only the protection of the network virtual property has made the principle provisions, but it can not be denied that this shows our country's attitude towards the protection of the network virtual property. Although there is no special law for the protection of data and network virtual property in China, from the perspective of the general provisions of civil law, it is predicted that there will be relevant legislation in the future

finally, from the relevant cases, we can also see the recognition of the property attribute of virtual currency such as bitcoin in China's judicial practice. In April and may 2013, Liu premeditated to set up a bitcoin trading platform, so he recruited Jin and Huang (both sentenced) to jointly set up a "bitcoin" trading platform. During this period, Liu, Huang, Jin, Jin and the defendant he, in addition to other acts of directly stealing customers' funds, also frequently cashed RMB by selling customers' bitcoins, and transferred 120 bitcoins from the website. Finally, the court convicted and punished the defendant for fraud, and the bitcoin transferred by the defendant was also included in the property loss of the victim. Therefore, from the judicial cases, we can also get the recognition of the property attributes of virtual currency such as bitcoin

based on the above reasons, the author thinks that it may be unreasonable to regulate the theft of virtual currency only as the crime of damaging computer information system. We should face up to the hidden property value and consider the application of the crime of infringing property in China's criminal law. Only in this way can we effectively protect the legitimate rights and property of digital currency holders in China

4. This is a relatively cutting-edge legal issue. There should be no relevant books, but I can provide you with some information
it should be in the past two weeks that the Korean court accepted a case concerning virtual currency and made a judgment to the effect that it recognized the legal status of virtual currency as private property of citizens. The private property of citizens is of course protected by law, and the court decides that the infringer loses. Then I remember that the article also mentioned that there is no case of virtual currency in China so far, so the judgment of South Korea can be said to be the initial attitude of the legal profession towards virtual currency
because it is on the mobile phone, there is no way to search the original text for you. That's all I remember. I hope it can help you.

5. Article 6 of the opinions of the Supreme People's Court on the people's court's trial of loan cases stipulates: "the interest rate of private loan can be appropriately higher than the bank's interest rate, and the people's courts of various regions can grasp it according to the actual situation of their own regions, but the maximum interest rate shall not exceed four times of the bank's similar loan interest rate (including the interest rate principal). If it exceeds this limit, the interest of the excess part shall not be protected. " Therefore, if the loan interest rate agreed by the parties is too high, the court can not support the interest rate agreed by the parties, nor can it calculate and pay the interest at one or four times of the same loan interest rate announced by the people's Bank of China for the same period. Instead, the judge exercises the discretion to determine the interest rate in combination with the local economic situation and the people's living standard. However, according to Article 9 of several opinions of the Supreme People's Court on the people's court's trial of loan cases, "in the case of regular interest free loan between citizens, the lender requires the borrower to pay the overe interest, or the irregular interest free loan fails to be paid after being urged; If the lender requests to pay the interest after the demand, it may calculate the interest with reference to the interest rate of the similar loan of the bank. Generally, it is more appropriate for the determined interest rate to be one time higher than the interest rate of the similar loan of the same period announced by the people's Bank of China, but it must not be more than four times. Therefore, in the trial practice, it is not appropriate to regard the excessive interest agreement as usury and not support the interest request of the parties, and to calculate and pay the interest at one or four times of the interest rate of similar loans in the same period announced by the people's Bank of China. Page 1 of 1

6. There are mines in many caves. Sometimes the bare stones on the mountain, as long as they have luster and spots, are also mines, and most of them are in the caves. Can network ancient scroll 5 cave at a glance, there are pictures
there is a pickaxe in the bag. Press e to the ore, or press the left button to the ore with a pickaxe in hand to get daylight twice
when enchanting and dismantling enchanted weapons / equipment, the enchantment level will also increase. The leather belt made of excavated iron ore and the monster's fallen skin will be used to make daggers, and then the enchantment will sell for money. The most valuable thing is to dispel affixes.

7. It depends on the national laws and regulations, involving the amount of money. If it's more than one million, it's estimated that the sentence will be a lot. You can consult the online lawyer for details.

8. Article 266 of the criminal law stipulates that whoever swindles public or private property, if the amount is relatively large, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention or public surveillance and shall also, or shall only, be fined; If the amount is huge or if there are other serious circumstances, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than 10 years and shall also be fined; If the amount is especially huge or if there are other especially serious circumstances, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years or life imprisonment and shall also be fined or have his property confiscated. Where there are other provisions in this law, such provisions shall prevail. According to the interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues concerning the specific application of law in the trial of fraud cases 1. According to the provisions of articles 151 and 152 of the criminal law, those who defraud a large amount of public or private property constitute the crime of fraud. If an indivial swindles public or private property more than 2000 yuan, it belongs to "large amount"; If an indivial swindles public or private property for more than 30000 yuan, it belongs to "huge amount".

9. Then tell the truth, and submit the payment voucher of virtual currency, which has both IOU and payment voucher. This lawsuit will be won, and the court will support it.