RFC virtual currency investment
1.401.1 HTTP error 401.1 - unauthorized: access denied e to invalid credentials
analysis
e to the user's anonymous access account (default is IUSR)_ Machine name) is disabled, or there is no permission to access the computer, which will make the user unable to access
2.401.2 HTTP error 401.2 - unauthorized: access denied e to server configuration
reason
anonymous authentication is turned off
3.401.3
HTTP 404 or not found error message is one of the "standard response information" (HTTP status code) of HTTP. This information represents that the server cannot provide information normally when the client is browsing the web page, or the server cannot respond without knowing the reason
Custom 404 error page is a good way to enhance the user experience, but in the application process, we often do not pay attention to the impact on the search engine, such as: the wrong server configuration leads to the return of "404" status code or the custom 404 error page uses meta refresh to return "302" status code
the user-defined 404 error page set correctly should not only display correctly, but also return "404" error code instead of "200" or "302"
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error code
error refers to a phenomenon that software and hardware cannot operate normally when people use software and hardware. Because there are many types of errors, in order to distinguish the errors, the system sets the error code. If there are errors in the operation of software and hardware, they will be judged and identified through the original settings inside the system, and the error code will be displayed to the operator. The operator can quickly find the software and hardware through the error code identification The specific reason why the hardware can not operate normally
RFP is a registered financial planner, which is basically a widely recognized certificate in the financial field. Now many banks are encouraging employees to apply for this certificate, and insurance or financial management companies recognize RFP
RFC is an insurance financial planner, which aims at the financial certificate of an insurance instry
CFA is a certificate obtained by a very senior financial practitioner. It's called chartered registered financial analyst. It's taught in EnglishIntroction to financial Title:
CIIA (Certified International Investment Analyst)
CIIA is one of the most influential professional qualifications in the field of global investment analysis, It is managed by association of Certified International Investment Analyst (ACIIA)
Under the background of globalization of international financial market, CIIA has been widely accepted by many countries, especially European countries. Different from the CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst) of the US Department, members from Japan, South Korea, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and India have joined ACIIA in AsiaCIIA examination has a flexible professional examination mechanism, taking into account the characteristics of various regions, and its influence is increasing day by day. China Securities Association formally introced CIIA examination in March 2006, and took CIIA certificate as the professional level certificate of China securities instry
chfp (Chinese Financial Planner)
the national financial planner certification with national qualification issued by the Ministry of labor and social security of the people's Republic of China is a real national authoritative financial planning title, which is jointly recognized by the relevant organizations of the member states of the United Nations and China. It is notarized and judicially effective abroad, with high social recognition and full of localization Pay attention to practical operation. At present, it is the most authoritative financial planner certification officially recognized in China, and it is also officially recognized by most countries in the world
AFP (Associate Financial Planner)
modern international financial standards (Shanghai) Co., Ltd http://www.fpcc.cn/ Based on China's national conditions and international experience, it is decided to adopt the practice of the majority of FPSB members and implement the two-level certification system of financial planner in China, namely, Associate Financial Planner, AFP (hereinafter referred to as AFP) and Certified Financial Planner (hereinafter referred to as CFP) certification system. AFP holder is a professional who has obtained the title after completing the ecation, examination, work experience and professional ethics certification in the first stage of CFP certification. AFP qualification certification is the first stage of CFP qualification certification. Students can participate in CFP qualification examination and certification only after obtaining AFP qualification certification
CFP (Certified Financial Planner)
referring to AFP, CFP certification body is financial planning standards board (FPSB), commonly known as "international CFP organization", Its official website is www.fpsb.org
ps: the international financial management committee (FPSB), the announcement of Chinese mainland CFP qualification certification authority
EFP (Financial Management Manager, Executive Financial Planner)
financial management division (Executive Financial Planner), referred to as " It is a financial manager certification certificate issued by China Financial Standards Commission for middle and senior managers. It has a high threshold. It not only requires participating in the specified financial management ecation or management ecation, passing the strict certification examination, but also requires having leadership experience in financial management, Be able to effectively organize and guide the work of AFP and CFP, and voluntarily abide by high standards of ethics
The target of EFP training is financial managers of financial institutionsRFP (Registered Financial Planner)
the certificate of registered financial planner is issued by the Institute of registered financial planners. The registered financial planners Institute (rfpi) was founded in 1983 in the United States. It is a professional organization with international reputation in the financial planning instry all over the world. The society is the first in the world to use and issue the qualification title of "RFP Registered Financial Planner". RFP is an international trademark registered in the United States. At present, its members are all over the world
CWM (Chartered wealth manager)
CWM is launched by the American Academy of financial management (AAFM). AAFM, founded in 1995, is a popular certification body for financial practitioners in the United States. CWM has been recognized by more than 100 countries and more than 800 universities around the world, the American Association of securities dealers, the union of first class royal societies of the U.S. Department of labor and other international well-known organizations
CWM pays more attention to practical marketing skills, information exchange and practice, so it is more popular. CWM certificate is quite authoritative in the banking instry. The survey shows that CWM certificate holders account for the highest proportion of U.S. banking employees. The knowledge systems of CWM and CFP are interlinked, and CWM certificate holders can apply for CFP certificate after completing the required courses CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst)CFA is a global qualification examination held annually by CFA Institute, which is headquartered in the United States
The CFA course set up in 1962 sets a global standard for investment knowledge, principles and ethics The CFA examination is divided into three levels, twice a year. Those who successfully pass the CFA course can achieve an achievement and gain high respect from employers, investors and the whole investment community The CFA qualification examination should be concted in English (which is not suitable for ordinary Chinese). Besides financial knowledge, candidates should also have good English reading abilityThe differences among RFP, RFC and CFA are as follows:
1. Financial planners play a leading role in maintaining and increasing the value of assets of enterprises
RFC, i.e. registered financial adviser. Financial consultants provide customers with investment and financing consulting and planning services
CFA, i.e. chartered registered financial analyst. The work of financial analysts is the most complex and the examination is the most difficult
2. Different certification bodies:
RFP is the international authoritative certification qualification formulated by the American Association of Registered Financial Planners (rfpi)
RFC is a certification issued by the International Association of certified financial advisors
CFA was founded by the Institute of Chartered Financial Analysts (ICFA) 3. Different subjects:the main contents of the RFP examination are financial planning principles and advanced financial planning
The content of RFC is mainly divided into two parts: basic theory and practical operationthe content of CFA examination includes moral and professional standards, quantitative analysis, Economics (Michael parkin version), financial statement analysis, corporate finance, portfolio management, equity investment analysis, fixed income securities analysis, derivative analysis and application, and other investment analysis
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is an open large-scale non-governmental international organization, which brings together network designers, operators, investors and researchers related to the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet
RFC, request for comments, collects information about the Internet, as well as UNIX and Internet community software files, which are numbered
RFC was issued by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
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the main task of IETF is responsible for the development and formulation of Internet related technical standards, and it is an authoritative network related technical research group in the Internet instry. A lot of technical work of IETF is undertaken and completed by various working groups (WG). These working groups are organized according to different types of research topics
before the establishment of the working group, some researchers spontaneously carry out research on a certain topic through the e-mail group. When the research is more mature, they can apply to the IETF to set up the interest group (BOF) to carry out the preparatory work of the working group. After the preparatory work is completed and approved by the upper level of IETF, the working group can be established
the working group carries out special research in IETF framework, such as routing, transmission, security and so on. Anyone who is interested in this technology can freely participate in the discussion and put forward their own views. Each working group has an independent mail group, and members of the working group exchange information through mail. IETF holds three meetings every year, with more than 1000 participants
RFC files can only be added, and will not be cancelled or stopped in the middle. However, for the same topic, the new RFC file can be declared to replace the old RFC file. RFC file is pure ASCII text file format, which can be automatically converted into other file formats by computer program. RFC documents have cover, table of contents, header, footers and page numbers
The chapters ofRFC are marked with numbers, but no zeros are added after the decimal point. For example, the order of 4.9 is before 4.10, but no zeros are added before 9. RFC 1000 is the guide of RFC
Registered financial consultant is mainly for the insurance instry
The RFC certificate is issued by the International Association of certified financial advisors of the United States:pay an annual fee to become a member of iaprc, and you can become a quasi registered financial advisor by passing the certification examination and the requirements of working experience in related fields. The RFC certificate can be obtained by submitting a case report within one month after the training
IARFC was established in 1984. Members are distributed in more than 40 countries and regions such as the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Italy, Australia and Singapore
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RFC registration conditions:
RFC registration conditions are relatively loose, as long as you have banking, insurance, investment, securities and other financial experience, you can register for the certification examination
RFC examination content:
RFC certification examination includes four parts: comprehensive financial statement explanation and analysis, corporate financial planning, personal financial planning and investment management. Successful candidates with relevant working experience can apply for RFC qualification
source of reference: network RFC
AFP - associated financial planner
at present, the two-level certification system of AFP and CFP is implemented in China. In other words, we must obtain the qualification of AFP before we can further participate in the qualification certification of CFP, which undoubtedly increases the gold content of CFP
as a new personal finance profession, financial planner is mainly responsible for providing all-round professional financial advice for indivial customers, constantly adjusting the portfolio of various financial procts, designing reasonable tax planning, etc., so as to meet customers' long-term life goals and financial goals
this training is relatively formal. A lot of people in the banking system are learning. It seems that there are only two training institutions in China, Beijing and Shanghai. The price is also very expensive. It costs 13800 yuan per person. Our training institutions in Jiangsu want to contact and cooperate with them, but they ignore them.
Bosman joined the Standard Liege football club in 1974. Since he was unable to base himself on such a big club as Standard Liege, he switched to RFC Liege in 1988. He signed a two-year contract with RFC Liege with a monthly salary of $2500
when his contract expired in 1990, Bosman did not intend to renew his contract with RFC Liege because he was dissatisfied with the salary offered. Instead, he planned to move to Dunkirk in France. However, according to the law at that time, the transfer fee for the player whose contract expired was still needed. Dunkirk provided the transfer fee for Liege, so Liege did not let him go. In July of the same year, Bosman, who still refused to sign a contract with the RFC Liege team, was punished by the club according to the regulations of the Belgian Football Association as "unpaid and not playing for any team other than the RFC Liege team". He didn't want to play for RFC Liege, who didn't allow him to play for other teams. In this case, Bosman decided to resort to the law to defend his own interests
in August 1990, Bosman sued RFC Liege, Belgian Football Association and European Football Association for compensation of US $1 million. The reason for his lawsuit is that the club's refusal to let him go violates the Treaty of Rome. At the same time, in order to make a living, he played in France, Belgium and other junior league clubs< In November 1990, the first district court of Liege ruled in favor of Bosman
in June 1991, Bosman fell into unemployment again and could only get relief money from the government. However, he took the RFC Liege club to Liege first district court for compensation. The first district court of Liege ruled that UEFA's system of player transfer was illegal according to the aforementioned provisions of the Treaty of Rome. Results RFC Liege club, Belgian Football Association and UEFA jointly appealed to the Supreme Court of Belgium
in March 1995, the Supreme Court of Belgium ruled against the appeals of UEFA, Belgian Football Association and RFC Liege. UEFA once again expressed its dissatisfaction. They have adopted a multi pronged approach. On the one hand, they have exerted pressure on the Council of Ministers of the European Union, hoping that they can help UEFA maintain the management of players; On the other hand, UEFA also expressed its sincerity in reconciliation to Bosman and offered to pay 8 million francs in private. So far, after the media's substantial rendering, Bosman has become a global news figure. Bosman, who is at the top of the storm, can't help but continue the lawsuit. At the same time, the European Court of justice, entrusted by the first district court of Liege, Belgium, has officially accepted the case caused by the transfer of players. At this time, Bosman got the support of public opinion on the one hand; On the other hand, relevant officials of the European Court of justice and the European Union have repeatedly made favorable statements to Bosman< On December 15, 1995, the European Court of justice made a final judgment, ruling that the current European transfer fee system and the quota of foreign players are illegal. This judgment is final and cannot be appealed. This is the famous Bosman act. And the case was returned to the Brussels court, which decided the amount of compensation Bosman should receive. On December 22, 1995, according to the judgment of the European Court of justice, the European Commission asked UEFA to accept the judgment immediately< On January 19, 1996, the European Commission issued an ultimatum to UEFA: UEFA must accept the decision of the European Court of justice on the Bosman incident within six weeks< On February 19, 1996, UEFA was forced to accept the request of the European Union and abolish the restrictions on the number of foreign players and the current transfer system. Although Bosman himself won the lawsuit, he didn't get much benefit. On the contrary, because the long lawsuit consumed his energy, his competitive state on the football field was greatly affected. Moreover, he was over 30 years old, so it was difficult to find a new owner to play for him. Therefore, Bosman had to finish his career and decided to retire
after the protracted lawsuit, the sun claimed that he had lost all his compensation, began to drink heavily, and became increasingly depressed, suffering from depression and living on social welfare. He lost money because of his investment failure. He invested in a special T-shirt and hoped that the people who benefited from the Bosman act would buy his T-shirt and support him. However, he only sold one, and the buyer was his lawyer's son. To pay his taxes, he had to sell his second house and sports car
in April 2013, Bosman was sentenced to one year in prison for assaulting his girlfriend and his daughter in 2011 for refusing to provide him with alcoholic drinks
CFA (9) international financial analysis certificate, which has high gold content, high recognition at home and abroad, high test difficulty and high test cost, but after passing the test, you will have a lot of money<
CFP (5 points) domestic certificate is only recognized by the domestic banking system. Now there are too many CFPS in banks, which are not worth money<
frm (6 points) international risk management certificate, which is recognized by the banking system and has medium gold content, is relatively fast in the test, and can be obtained as soon as half a year, and it is easy to obtain by surprise<
FIA, do not know
CPA (8 points) domestic accounting qualification certificate, high difficulty, high recognition, hundreds of thousands of people are taking the exam, it is very difficult to test. But it's cheap<
the CIIA (7 points) domestic financial analysis certificate is quite expensive. It's similar to CFA. It's 20000-30000 RMB. The degree of domestic recognition is OK. You need to pass five securities qualification tests before you can take the RFC. You don't know the ACCA (8 points) for international accountants, but you have a lot of financial analysis knowledge in the test, so the integrity is very high, and you are also very recognized in many countries. However, if you want to sign in domestic accounting, you still need CPA, because domestic and foreign accounting standards are different. It's good to enter foreign enterprises. Besides, the exam is also very expensive<
CWM doesn't understand
CIA doesn't know, is it the CIA?
SIP appeared in the mid-1990s, originated from the research of Henning schulzrinne, an associate professor of computer science at Columbia University, and his research team. In addition to proposing the real-time transport protocol (RTP) for transmitting real-time data over the Internet, Professor schulzrinne has also worked with others to write the RTSP standard proposal for controlling the streaming of audio and video content on the web
schulzrinne originally intended to write the multi-party multimedia session control (mmusic) standard. In 1996, he submitted a draft to IETF, which contains the important content of SIP. In 1999, shulzrinne deleted irrelevant content related to media content in the new standard submitted. Subsequently, IETF released the first sip specification, RFC 2543. Although some suppliers expressed concern that H.323 and MGCP protocols might greatly endanger their investment in SIP services, IETF continued this work and released the SIP specification RFC 3261 in 2001
the release of RFC 3261 indicates that the foundation of SIP has been established. Since then, several RFC supplements have been released to enrich the areas of security and authentication. For example, RFC 3262 specifies the reliability of temporary responses. RFC 3263 establishes the location rules of SIP proxy server. RFC 3264 provides a proposal / response model, and RFC 3265 identifies specific event notifications
as early as 2001, suppliers have started to launch SIP based services. Today, there is growing enthusiasm for the agreement. Organizations such as Sun Microsystems' Java community process are using a common Java programming language to define application programming interfaces (APIs) so that developers can build SIP components and applications for service providers and enterprises. Most importantly, more and more competitors are entering the SIP market with the help of promising new services. SIP is becoming one of the most important protocols since HTTP and SMTP
advantages of SIP: scalable open communication similar to web
with SIP, service providers can choose standard components at will and quickly control new technologies. Regardless of the media content and the number of participants, users can find and contact each other. SIP negotiates the session so that all participants can reach an agreement and modify the session function. It can even add, delete or transfer users
however, SIP is not everything. It is neither session description protocol nor conference control function. In order to describe the load and characteristics of message content, SIP uses session description protocol (SDP) of Internet to describe the characteristics of terminal devices. SIP itself does not provide quality of service (QoS), and it interoperates with RSVP, which is responsible for voice quality. It also cooperates with several other protocols, including LDAP, radius and RTP