What are the reasons for currency virtualization

Publish: 2021-05-19 04:03:03

1. Currency virtualization refers to the graal separation of money from precious metals in the development and transformation into credit money. Credit money develops from paper money to bank account and credit card, and money is transformed into a pure value symbol. That is to say, money graally breaks away from its value entity (as the result of abstract labor) and value carrier (such as precious metals, bank notes) and becomes a pure value symbol

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2. Currency virtualization refers to the graal separation of money from precious metals in the development and transformation into credit money. Credit money develops from paper money to bank account and credit card, and money is transformed into a pure value symbol. That is to say, money graally breaks away from its value entity (as the result of abstract labor) and value carrier (such as precious metals, bank notes) and becomes a pure value symbol.

Money is a tool used as a medium of transaction, storage value and unit of account

The history of money can be traced back to the period of barter in prehistory. Later, through the metal currency, gold and silver, paper money and gold and silver standard system, it evolved to the modern appearance

However, there is no evidence that any society or economy ever traded by barter. A society without money may trade on the principle of debt or gift economy. If barter does not happen, it usually appears in a completely unfamiliar or potential enemy group

many different cultures in the world end up with commodity currency. For example, the scheckler used by the Hebrews was originally a unit of weight, and later referred to a specific weight of barley, which belonged to commodity currency

the first use of money was in Mesopotamia 3000 years ago. Shellfish were used in America, Asia, Africa and Australia, usually with precious shells. According to Herodotus, Lydia were the first people to use gold and silver coins in the West. Many scholars believe that the earliest coins appeared in 650-600 BC

the commodity currency of some cultures has graally become a substitute currency. Gold or silver merchants or banks will provide receipts for the deposited commodity currency, and can exchange the commodity currency according to the receipts. Finally, receipt can replace commodity currency and become a widely accepted method of payment, and finally become currency

extended data:

functions of currency:

1. As the medium of transaction, currency can be used to complete transaction without barter. Its main feature is that in the sale of goods, the transfer of goods and the transfer of money are completed at the same time. Generally speaking, it is one-hand payment and one-hand delivery

Therefore, from the perspective of value movement, when money performs the function of circulation means, the movement of value is bidirectional at the same time. That is, the seller transfers the use value while getting the value, and the buyer obtains the use value while transferring the value

When money is used as a means of circulation, it is called currency

Second, unit of account is the direct embodiment of money as social labor. As a kind of commodity, money itself can be compared with other commodities according to its own standard. At this time, the form of value of commodities is transformed into the form of price, and the form of value of commodities expressed through money is price

when money performs the function of value measure, money only needs to exist in imaginary or conceptual form, but its unit must depend on the currency circulating in reality. It is precisely because of the value scale function of money that people can first convert different forms of goods into the price form of money, and then exchange with other goods

Third, the standard of deferred payment. In credit sale and purchase, money is used to repay debts. When debt is measured in currency, its value will be reced by inflation and devaluation. Therefore, the function of deferred payment needs to be separated from the above three functions

4. The digitization of money is a development trend in the future, which is credible. The digital currency that the central bank plans to issue has been successfully developed and will be released in the near future. It will first be applied to the bill market and will graally expand outward in the future

of course, it's not just currency digitization, most things are likely to be digitized in the future. Now, large tea groups in China have entered the digital currency circle, issuing the digital currency of Puyin with tea related assets as the subject matter. This digital currency is a standard digital currency. Theoretically, it has the value of appreciation, because the precious tea will appreciate.

1、 Virtualization means that a computer is virtualized into multiple logical computers by virtualization technology. In a computer running multiple logic computers at the same time, each logic computer can run different operating systems, and applications can run in independent space without affecting each other, so as to significantly improve the efficiency of the computer

Second, the reasons for Virtualization:

1. Improve the utilization of existing resources: aggregate the shared infrastructure resources into the pool by integrating servers, breaking the original "one server, one application" mode

2. Rece the cost of the data center by recing the physical infrastructure and increasing the server / administrator ratio: because there are fewer servers and related IT hardware, the floor space is reced, and the power and cooling requirements are also reced. With better management tools, the server / administrator ratio can be increased, so the personnel requirements can be reced

3. Improve the availability of hardware and applications to improve business continuity: it can safely back up and migrate the entire virtual environment without service interruption. Eliminate planned downtime and recover immediately from unplanned failures

4. Operational flexibility: e to dynamic resource management, accelerated server deployment and improved desktop and application deployment, it can respond to market changes

5. Improve the manageability and security of the desktop: it can deploy, manage and monitor the secure desktop environment on almost all standard desktop computers, laptops or tablet PCs, and users can access this environment locally or remotely whether they can connect to the network or not

6. The main reason is that it is now developing towards science and technology, so the development of virtualization is better

In the computer cluster, many small servers are being replaced by a large server to increase the utilization of hardware resources (such as CPU). Although the hardware is being integrated, the typical operating system is still independent. Instead, each operating system running on a separate server is transferred to a virtual machine. Large servers can "host" many of these "client" virtual machines. This is the physical to virtual (P2V) conversion
virtual machine can be controlled and checked from outside more easily than real machine, and can be configured more flexibly. This is particularly useful in the teaching of kernel development and operating system
there is no need to purchase hardware in advance to create a new virtual machine. At the same time, a new virtual machine can be easily transferred from one computer to another. For example, a salesman can a virtual machine containing a trial version of the software to his laptop to visit his customers without changing the computer. Similarly, the failure in the virtual machine will not damage the host, so it will not cause the operating system on the notebook to crash
virtual machines can be used for long-distance disaster recovery solutions because they can be easily migrated
there are many solutions for platform virtualization

8. The emergence of paper money is a great progress in the history of money. Some people think that the origin of Chinese paper money can be traced back to the "white deer skin money" of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty and the "flying money" of emperor Xianzong of Tang Dynasty. During the period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, the National Treasury was empty because of the long-term war with Xiongnu. In order to solve the financial difficulties, the "three baht coins" and "white gold coins" (alloy coins made of silver and tin) were coined, and the "white deer skin coins" were issued at the same time. The so-called "white deer skin coin" uses the white deer skin of the palace as the coin material. Each piece is one square foot, and the surrounding color is painted. The value of each piece is 400000. Because its value is far away from its own value, the "white deer skin coin" is only used as a tribute between kings and princes, not used in the field of circulation, so it is not a real sense of paper money, only a pioneer of paper money“ "Feiqian" appeared in the middle of Tang Dynasty. At that time, when merchants went out to do business with a large amount of copper money, there were many inconveniences. They first went to the official to issue a certificate, which recorded the place and the number of coins, and then went to other places to withdraw money and buy goods with the certificate. This certificate is called "feiqian"“ In essence, "flying money" is only a kind of exchange business. It does not intervene in circulation and does not function as currency. Therefore, it is not paper money in the real sense. In the Northern Song Dynasty, "Jiaozi" in Cheng, Sichuan Province was the beginning of real paper money. It is not accidental that paper money appeared in the Northern Song Dynasty, it is the inevitable proct of social, political and economic development. The commodity economy developed rapidly in Song Dynasty, and more money was needed in commodity circulation. However, the shortage of copper money at that time could not meet the demand in circulation. At that time, the iron coin was used in Sichuan area, which was of low value and heavy weight, and was extremely inconvenient to use. At that time, one copper coin was worth ten iron coins. The weight of one thousand iron coins was 25 Jin for a large coin and 13 Jin for a medium coin. It costs 20000 yuan to buy a piece of cloth. It weighs about 500 Jin. It takes a car. Therefore, we need light money objectively, which is the main reason why paper money first appeared in Sichuan. Moreover, although the Northern Song Dynasty was a highly centralized feudal autocratic country, the national currency was not unified, and there were several currency areas, which were independent and not universal. At that time, there were 13 routes (administrative units in Song Dynasty) dedicated to copper coins, 4 routes dedicated to iron coins, and Shaanxi and Hedong used both copper and iron coins. The use of paper money can prevent the outflow of copper and iron money. In addition, the Song Dynasty government was often attacked by Liao, Xia and Jin Dynasties, and the military expenses and reparations were very large. It also needed to issue paper money to make up for the fiscal deficit. Various reasons contributed to the emergence of "Jiaozi"“ The emergence of "Jiaozi" has facilitated commercial exchanges and made up for the shortage of cash, which is a great achievement in the history of currency in China. In addition, "Jiaozi", as the earliest banknote issued in China and even in the world, also occupies an important position in the history of printing and printmaking, which is of great significance to the study of ancient banknote printing technology in China. Significance and function: paper money is easier to carry than metal money, can be used in a larger range, is concive to the circulation of goods, and promotes the development of commodity economy.

1、 What is virtualization
in short, virtualization is the process of creating virtual (rather than physical) versions of some components. Virtualization can be applied to computers, operating systems, storage devices, applications or networks. However, server virtualization is the core of virtualization. Nowadays, the design of X86 server has limitations, only one operating system and application can run at a time, which brings challenges to it department. Therefore, even a small data center must deploy a large number of servers, and the capacity utilization rate of each server is only 5% to 15%, which is very inefficient by any standard
virtualization uses software to simulate hardware and create virtual computer systems. In this way, enterprises can run multiple virtual systems on a single server, that is, run multiple operating systems and applications, which can achieve economies of scale and improve efficiency< Why virtualization
virtualization technology can solve many problems that cannot be solved before:

1. Server integration technology: this technology is difficult to complete before virtualization technology. Because everything actually exists, it's difficult to integrate two servers with relatively little work. However, with virtualization technology, the server integration technology becomes very easy. This technology needs the help of two or three technologies I will introce below
2. Load balancing technology:
load balancing technology is to install only one load balancer on each server, and then set many scheling algorithms and critical values. To determine whether the pressure on the server is light or heavy at this moment. Then the server is merged according to the light and heavy, and the merging is based on the third technology
3. Dynamic migration technology: this technology is the foundation of the first two technologies, but it is not limited to the first two technologies. Its purpose is to migrate the virtual machine on the server to other servers when the server is on. The working principle is to simulate the hardware state of the server on the target server first, then migrate the data, and finally release the information of the server
4. Cloning technology: this technology is similar to the above technology, but different. Cloning technology is to configure the environment of a server, then other machines can achieve the same effect as this machine through cloning technology. If you want to configure 100 or even 1000 servers, this kind of cloning technology is very considerable. The difference between dynamic migration and dynamic migration is that when the server is not down, dynamic migration requires that the migrated servers must share memory with each other, but cloning does not have this limitation
5. Disaster recovery technology: disaster recovery is a problem that all large companies must consider, because when some accidents happen, such as sudden power failure, hardware damage, flood, earthquake, etc., how to minimize the data loss caused by the disaster or even not. It depends on the sixth technology
6. Virtual snapshot technology: virtual snapshot technology is to save the state of the virtual machine at this time like a photo. Of course, what I said is very easy. Its implementation principle needs to be very complex, including CPU running state, data in memory, etc. In this way, these virtual technologies can be saved. When a disaster or some errors lead to problems in the virtual machine, it can be quickly restored
7. Improve system availability. In this case, we can maximize the efficiency. The premise of zero down machine is that each server must have a mirror image. There is a heartbeat line between the primary virtual machine and the secondary virtual machine to maintain the relationship between them. When the jumper stops, the secondary virtual machine starts immediately to replace the primary virtual machine
8. Security: until virtualization, there is a layer of VMM on the hardware layer to detect the trend of each virtual machine all the time, including capturing exceptions, solving gate events, completing scheling, etc. So when some risk factors come, we can quickly detect this problem and solve it because of the existence of VMM. This can be much faster than the previous hardware layer directly above the operating system

10. I think it is because there are some problems and loopholes in China's currency issuance policy. The main reason is that China exports a large number of procts, and after the settlement, the enterprises have a large number of US dollars in their hands. The central bank issues more RMB equivalent to these US dollars and exchanges them with US dollars. As a result, a large number of base currencies flow into the market. It's just my personal opinion, For reference only.

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What are the reasons for currency virtualization

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