Ida virtual currency
Publish: 2021-03-23 17:21:53
1. Under the situation of serious overcapacity, but because of the serious currency flooding last year, the necessities of life must be very expensive. The CPI released by the National Bureau of statistics in November was more than 5 points
2. The illegal trading varieties of illegal exchanges, even if they are listed, must not participate. Pure speculative varieties have no value. Once the speculative funds withdraw, the price is zero.
3. It's 100% deceptive. I used to work in it. It's MLM currency. It's deceptive to change currency in two months
4.
Hong Kong dollars can be exchanged at foreign exchange banks
the more common foreign exchange banks are Bank of China, instrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, China Construction Bank and Bank of communications
the exchange rate is changing every day. The exchange rate of the same bank is the same everywhere. Different banks have slightly different exchange rates. There is no handling charge for exchange, and there is no need for certificates for small foreign currency exchange. You can exchange it directly at the bank counter
Hong Kong is the third largest financial center in the world after New York and London, which makes Hong Kong dollar one of the currencies with sound system and stable currency value. Although the issuing history of Hong Kong dollar is not long and the region is not big, its development is representative
the three note issuing banks include HSBC, Standard Chartered Bank and Bank of China, and the new purple ten dollar note is issued by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority. Coins are issued by the monetary authority
Hong Kong dollar exchange method:
I. bank exchange (at the current exchange rate)
1. Prepare RMB cash, identity documents and copies of the handler, and relevant supporting documents
2. To purchase foreign exchange in the bank, fill in the application form. In some cases, it is necessary to obtain the approval document of safe before handling
The bank reviews and verifies the foreign exchange purchase application, and the customer submits and verifies the relevant certificates and vouchers4. Issue bank exchange memo
The bank shall supply foreign exchange according to the requirements of foreign exchange purchase application, and handle it according to the rules and regulations of safe Foreign exchange banks can be divided into three types: domestic banks that specialize in or concurrently engage in foreign exchange business; Branches of foreign commercial banks in China and joint venture banks in China and foreign countries; Other domestic financial institutions engaged in foreign exchange trading business, such as trust and investment companies, finance companies, etcsignificance
foreign exchange banks are the most important participants in the foreign exchange market. In the United States, more than a dozen large commercial banks in New York and dozens in other major cities actually act as "market makers". Because they often trade various currencies on a large scale in the foreign exchange market, the foreign exchange market can be formed and run smoothly
5. The International Monetary Fund, the world bank and the organization for economic cooperation and development are the three major financial organizations in the world< The International Monetary Fund (IMF) was formally established in March 1946, with its headquarters in Washington. It began to work on March 1, 1947, and became a specialized agency of the United Nations on November 15, 1947. It has its own operational independence and is one of the two major financial institutions in the world, along with the world bank. Its responsibilities are to monitor the currency exchange rate and the trade situation of various countries, provide technical and financial assistance, and ensure the normal operation of the global financial system; It is headquartered in Washington. Greece failed to repay its 1.6 billion euro loan to the international monetary fund before the 22:00 GMT deadline on June 30, 2015, resulting in a debt default, becoming the first developed country in history that failed to repay its debt to the International Monetary Fund on time. On August 4, 2015, the IMF proposed to extend the evaluation period of RMB's inclusion in SDR by nine months< The World Bank Group (WBG), commonly known as the world bank, is composed of the international bank for reconstruction and development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA), which provides low interest loans, interest free credit and grants to developing countries around the world. It is an international organization whose initial mission was to help rebuild the countries destroyed in the Second World War. Today, its mission is to help the country overcome poverty, and institutions play a unique role in the mission of recing poverty and improving living standards< The organization for economic co operation and development (OECD) is an intergovernmental international economic organization composed of more than 30 market economy countries. It aims to jointly deal with the economic, social and government governance challenges brought about by globalization and grasp the opportunities brought about by globalization. Founded in 1961, it has 34 Member States and is headquartered in Paris.
6. Foreign sector accounts reflect all kinds of transaction activities and corresponding stock status between resident units and non resident units, including current account, capital account, financial account and asset liability account
that is to say, only enterprises with foreign currency business will have the above accounts
1. The current account reflects the current transactions between the resident units and non resident units, including the import and export of goods and services, as well as the inflow and outflow of workers' remuneration, property income, proction tax, etc
2. Capital account, that is, capital account. If you are a foreign-invested enterprise, the paid in capital remitted by foreign investors to China should be deposited in this account. After capital verification, it can be transferred to the current account for current expenditure< This is for countries other than the United States. That is to say, all countries use the dollar as the benchmark to measure the value of each country's currency. When non US dollar foreign exchange transactions, the exchange rate of the buyer and the seller's currencies is calculated according to their respective ratios to the US dollar.
the International Monetary Fund (IMF), It's an intergovernmental international financial organization. It was established in accordance with the international monetary fund agreement adopted at the international monetary and financial conference between the United Nations and the Union countries held in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, in July 1944. It was formally established on December 27, 1945 and began to handle business on March 1, 1947. On November 15 of the same year, it became a specialized agency of the United Nations, but it has its own operational independence. So far, the IMF has 182 members< (1) types of balance of payments imbalance is a concept relative to balance of payments. In real economic life, balance of payments imbalance is absolute, but balance is only relative. In the theory and practice of international finance, people pay more attention to the analysis of the imbalance of international payments. Based on the actual analysis of the balance of payments, according to people's traditional habits and the practice of the International Monetary Fund, the imbalance of the balance of payments can be observed according to the following caliber< The imbalance of trade balance is the balance of goods import and export, which is a traditional method. Even in many new balance of payments adjustment theories after the war, some of them took the balance of trade as the representative of the balance of payments. In fact, trade account is only a part of the balance of payments. In today's increasingly frequent international economic exchanges, trade balance can never represent the whole balance of payments. However, for some countries, the balance of trade accounts for a large proportion of the total balance of payments (China's proportion was about 70% in the 1980s). Therefore, for the sake of convenience, the balance of trade can be regarded as an approximate representation of the balance of payments. In addition, the balance of trade has its special importance in the balance of payments. The import and export of commodities comprehensively reflects a country's instrial structure, proct quality and labor proctivity. Therefore, even in the United States, the proportion of capital account transactions is quite large, and it still attaches great importance to the balance of trade balance< Current account includes trade balance, invisible trade balance and unilateral transfer balance. The first two items constitute the main body of current account revenue and expenditure. The international monetary fund pays special attention to the current account revenue and expenditure of each country. Although the current account revenue and expenditure can not represent all the international revenue and expenditure, it comprehensively reflects a country's import and export situation (including intangible import and export, such as labor, insurance, transportation, etc.), so it is widely used by all countries, It is regarded as an important basis for the formulation of balance of Payments Policy and instrial policy< The basic account includes current account and long-term capital account. Compared with short-term capital, long-term capital is a relatively stable capital flow. It is not speculative, but for the purpose of market and profit, reflecting a country's position and strength in the international economy. The combination of current balance and long-term capital balance can reflect the basic situation and long-term trend of a country's international balance. Therefore, the capital account has become an important indicator for many countries, especially those with large long-term capital inflow and outflow, to observe and judge their balance of payments< 4. The analysis of official balance and comprehensive balance
the balance formed by the income and expenditure of basic items plus private short-term capital is called official balance. The official balance is balanced by official short-term borrowing and reserve movements. Therefore, the official balance of payments actually reflects the impact on the official owned international reserves and the borrower's reserves, and also comprehensively reflects the status of autonomous balance of payments. Especially under the fixed exchange rate system, it should be said that the official balance of settlement is the best indicator to measure the intervention degree of monetary authorities in the foreign exchange market and the overall imbalance degree of international payments. As mentioned above, there are many ways to analyze and judge the balance of payments, but each way actually only reflects one aspect of the balance of payments, It is impossible to say whether a country's balance of payments is balanced or unbalanced, and whether its balance of payments is in good condition. Sometimes, it is necessary to analyze and judge the balance of payments according to a country's economic structure and its position in the world economy. For example, the United States has a large trade deficit in recent years. Considering the development of service trade and high-tech, we can not simply assert that there are serious problems in its balance of payments; However, if the same situation occurs in developing countries, even if the basic account is in balance, we should also consider the structural imbalance in the balance of payments< (2) factors that affect the balance of international payments there are many factors that lead to a country's balance of international payments, mainly involving the following aspects:
1. Income factor. Income imbalance refers to the imbalance of international payments caused by the difference in the average growth rate of income among countries. On the premise that other conditions remain unchanged, the higher the average growth rate of a country's income, the faster the country's imports will grow. Because the increase of income will increase the demand of enterprises for imported means of proction and increase the demand of residents for imported means of consumption. Therefore, countries with faster income growth are prone to balance of payments deficit, on the contrary, they are prone to balance of payments surplus. However, if a country's proction cost decreases through economies of scale and technological progress in the process of income growth, income growth will not only increase imports, but also increase exports. Therefore, the premise of income imbalance is that other conditions remain unchanged< 2. Cyclical factors. It refers to the imbalance of international payments caused by the periodic fluctuation of national economic development. Economic development has a certain periodicity. The typical economic cycle includes four stages: crisis, depression, recovery and upsurge. These four different stages will have different effects on the balance of payments. For example, the typical characteristics of the crisis stage are overproction, the decline of national income, the increase of unemployment, the decline of prices and so on. These factors generally help to increase exports and rece imports, which can alleviate a country's balance of payments deficit. In addition, ring the period of economic upsurge, proction and income increase rapidly, unemployment rate is low, and prices rise. At the same time, e to the acceleration of economic globalization, the influence of economic development cycle on the balance of payments has graally weakened< 3. Structural factors. It refers to the balance of payments caused by the fact that a country's economic structure can not adapt to the changes in the supply and demand structure of the world market. As the external demand structure is constantly adjusted with the change of income, the development of science and technology, institutional change and cultural integration, the proction structure often lags behind the change of demand structure. Therefore, when a country's instrial structure deviates from external demand, it will lead to a structural deficit in the balance of payments. For developing countries in economic transition, this phenomenon is more common< 4. Policy factors. It refers to the imbalance of international payments caused by a country's policy factors. The loss of monetary and fiscal policies can lead to the imbalance of international payments. When the country's currency is over issued or the fiscal expenditure is seriously overspended, it may cause the domestic economy to heat up and the demand to expand excessively, leading to the increase of import demand. If the exchange rate policy is not adjusted accordingly, it will lead to overvaluation of the local currency and decline of exports, which will seriously worsen a country's balance of payments< 5. Speculative and capital flight factors. It refers to the imbalance of balance of payments caused by a large amount of short-term speculative capital flow or capital flight in the short term. Speculative capital flow refers to the capital flow which makes use of interest rate difference and expected exchange rate change to make profits. Stability speculation is opposite to market forces. When the demand for a certain currency falls, speculation will buy the currency, which helps to stabilize the exchange rate. The unstable speculation will make the exchange rate worsen graally, which will cause devaluation, which will further stimulate speculation and make the foreign exchange market chaotic. Capital flight is different from investment hunger preference. It does not want to make profits, but is afraid of losses. Unstable speculation and capital flight have the characteristics of sudden and large quantity. Nowadays, with the rapid flow of international capital, speculative short-term capital flow and capital flight are the cause and effect of each other, causing the occurrence of financial crisis, which is an important reason for a country's balance of payments imbalance. During the Asian financial crisis in 1997, the serious imbalance of balance of payments in Southeast Asian countries was directly caused by speculative capital flow and capital flight
6. Other factors. Some random factors may also lead to a country's balance of payments imbalance. For example, sudden factors such as local wars, natural disasters and political turmoil often destroy a country's normal economic order and worsen the external environment of international trade, which will inevitably lead to a temporary imbalance in a country's balance of payments
brief introction 2. There are many factors affecting the exchange rate. Generally speaking, the change of a country's economic strength and the choice of macroeconomic policies are the fundamental reasons for the long-term development trend of exchange rate. We can often see that in the foreign exchange market, market participants are very concerned about various economic data of various countries, such as GDP, CPI, interest rate changes, etc. In the foreign exchange market, we should clearly understand the relationship and influence between various data, indicators and exchange rate changes, so as to further find the law of exchange rate changes, actively look for investment opportunities in the foreign exchange market and prevent foreign exchange risks< There are many factors that affect the exchange rate changes in economic activities, which are listed as follows:
I. balance of payments. The balance of payments is the dominant factor in determining the trend of exchange rate. Balance of payments is the sum of all kinds of payments in a country's foreign economic activities. Generally speaking, the balance of payments deficit indicates that foreign exchange is in short supply. Under the floating exchange rate system, market supply and demand determine the change of exchange rate, so the balance of payments deficit will cause the devaluation of domestic currency and the appreciation of foreign currency, that is, the rise of foreign exchange rate. On the contrary, the balance of payments surplus will cause the decline of foreign exchange rate. It should be noted that in general, changes in the balance of payments determine the medium and long-term trend of the exchange rate
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that is to say, only enterprises with foreign currency business will have the above accounts
1. The current account reflects the current transactions between the resident units and non resident units, including the import and export of goods and services, as well as the inflow and outflow of workers' remuneration, property income, proction tax, etc
2. Capital account, that is, capital account. If you are a foreign-invested enterprise, the paid in capital remitted by foreign investors to China should be deposited in this account. After capital verification, it can be transferred to the current account for current expenditure< This is for countries other than the United States. That is to say, all countries use the dollar as the benchmark to measure the value of each country's currency. When non US dollar foreign exchange transactions, the exchange rate of the buyer and the seller's currencies is calculated according to their respective ratios to the US dollar.
the International Monetary Fund (IMF), It's an intergovernmental international financial organization. It was established in accordance with the international monetary fund agreement adopted at the international monetary and financial conference between the United Nations and the Union countries held in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, in July 1944. It was formally established on December 27, 1945 and began to handle business on March 1, 1947. On November 15 of the same year, it became a specialized agency of the United Nations, but it has its own operational independence. So far, the IMF has 182 members< (1) types of balance of payments imbalance is a concept relative to balance of payments. In real economic life, balance of payments imbalance is absolute, but balance is only relative. In the theory and practice of international finance, people pay more attention to the analysis of the imbalance of international payments. Based on the actual analysis of the balance of payments, according to people's traditional habits and the practice of the International Monetary Fund, the imbalance of the balance of payments can be observed according to the following caliber< The imbalance of trade balance is the balance of goods import and export, which is a traditional method. Even in many new balance of payments adjustment theories after the war, some of them took the balance of trade as the representative of the balance of payments. In fact, trade account is only a part of the balance of payments. In today's increasingly frequent international economic exchanges, trade balance can never represent the whole balance of payments. However, for some countries, the balance of trade accounts for a large proportion of the total balance of payments (China's proportion was about 70% in the 1980s). Therefore, for the sake of convenience, the balance of trade can be regarded as an approximate representation of the balance of payments. In addition, the balance of trade has its special importance in the balance of payments. The import and export of commodities comprehensively reflects a country's instrial structure, proct quality and labor proctivity. Therefore, even in the United States, the proportion of capital account transactions is quite large, and it still attaches great importance to the balance of trade balance< Current account includes trade balance, invisible trade balance and unilateral transfer balance. The first two items constitute the main body of current account revenue and expenditure. The international monetary fund pays special attention to the current account revenue and expenditure of each country. Although the current account revenue and expenditure can not represent all the international revenue and expenditure, it comprehensively reflects a country's import and export situation (including intangible import and export, such as labor, insurance, transportation, etc.), so it is widely used by all countries, It is regarded as an important basis for the formulation of balance of Payments Policy and instrial policy< The basic account includes current account and long-term capital account. Compared with short-term capital, long-term capital is a relatively stable capital flow. It is not speculative, but for the purpose of market and profit, reflecting a country's position and strength in the international economy. The combination of current balance and long-term capital balance can reflect the basic situation and long-term trend of a country's international balance. Therefore, the capital account has become an important indicator for many countries, especially those with large long-term capital inflow and outflow, to observe and judge their balance of payments< 4. The analysis of official balance and comprehensive balance
the balance formed by the income and expenditure of basic items plus private short-term capital is called official balance. The official balance is balanced by official short-term borrowing and reserve movements. Therefore, the official balance of payments actually reflects the impact on the official owned international reserves and the borrower's reserves, and also comprehensively reflects the status of autonomous balance of payments. Especially under the fixed exchange rate system, it should be said that the official balance of settlement is the best indicator to measure the intervention degree of monetary authorities in the foreign exchange market and the overall imbalance degree of international payments. As mentioned above, there are many ways to analyze and judge the balance of payments, but each way actually only reflects one aspect of the balance of payments, It is impossible to say whether a country's balance of payments is balanced or unbalanced, and whether its balance of payments is in good condition. Sometimes, it is necessary to analyze and judge the balance of payments according to a country's economic structure and its position in the world economy. For example, the United States has a large trade deficit in recent years. Considering the development of service trade and high-tech, we can not simply assert that there are serious problems in its balance of payments; However, if the same situation occurs in developing countries, even if the basic account is in balance, we should also consider the structural imbalance in the balance of payments< (2) factors that affect the balance of international payments there are many factors that lead to a country's balance of international payments, mainly involving the following aspects:
1. Income factor. Income imbalance refers to the imbalance of international payments caused by the difference in the average growth rate of income among countries. On the premise that other conditions remain unchanged, the higher the average growth rate of a country's income, the faster the country's imports will grow. Because the increase of income will increase the demand of enterprises for imported means of proction and increase the demand of residents for imported means of consumption. Therefore, countries with faster income growth are prone to balance of payments deficit, on the contrary, they are prone to balance of payments surplus. However, if a country's proction cost decreases through economies of scale and technological progress in the process of income growth, income growth will not only increase imports, but also increase exports. Therefore, the premise of income imbalance is that other conditions remain unchanged< 2. Cyclical factors. It refers to the imbalance of international payments caused by the periodic fluctuation of national economic development. Economic development has a certain periodicity. The typical economic cycle includes four stages: crisis, depression, recovery and upsurge. These four different stages will have different effects on the balance of payments. For example, the typical characteristics of the crisis stage are overproction, the decline of national income, the increase of unemployment, the decline of prices and so on. These factors generally help to increase exports and rece imports, which can alleviate a country's balance of payments deficit. In addition, ring the period of economic upsurge, proction and income increase rapidly, unemployment rate is low, and prices rise. At the same time, e to the acceleration of economic globalization, the influence of economic development cycle on the balance of payments has graally weakened< 3. Structural factors. It refers to the balance of payments caused by the fact that a country's economic structure can not adapt to the changes in the supply and demand structure of the world market. As the external demand structure is constantly adjusted with the change of income, the development of science and technology, institutional change and cultural integration, the proction structure often lags behind the change of demand structure. Therefore, when a country's instrial structure deviates from external demand, it will lead to a structural deficit in the balance of payments. For developing countries in economic transition, this phenomenon is more common< 4. Policy factors. It refers to the imbalance of international payments caused by a country's policy factors. The loss of monetary and fiscal policies can lead to the imbalance of international payments. When the country's currency is over issued or the fiscal expenditure is seriously overspended, it may cause the domestic economy to heat up and the demand to expand excessively, leading to the increase of import demand. If the exchange rate policy is not adjusted accordingly, it will lead to overvaluation of the local currency and decline of exports, which will seriously worsen a country's balance of payments< 5. Speculative and capital flight factors. It refers to the imbalance of balance of payments caused by a large amount of short-term speculative capital flow or capital flight in the short term. Speculative capital flow refers to the capital flow which makes use of interest rate difference and expected exchange rate change to make profits. Stability speculation is opposite to market forces. When the demand for a certain currency falls, speculation will buy the currency, which helps to stabilize the exchange rate. The unstable speculation will make the exchange rate worsen graally, which will cause devaluation, which will further stimulate speculation and make the foreign exchange market chaotic. Capital flight is different from investment hunger preference. It does not want to make profits, but is afraid of losses. Unstable speculation and capital flight have the characteristics of sudden and large quantity. Nowadays, with the rapid flow of international capital, speculative short-term capital flow and capital flight are the cause and effect of each other, causing the occurrence of financial crisis, which is an important reason for a country's balance of payments imbalance. During the Asian financial crisis in 1997, the serious imbalance of balance of payments in Southeast Asian countries was directly caused by speculative capital flow and capital flight
6. Other factors. Some random factors may also lead to a country's balance of payments imbalance. For example, sudden factors such as local wars, natural disasters and political turmoil often destroy a country's normal economic order and worsen the external environment of international trade, which will inevitably lead to a temporary imbalance in a country's balance of payments
brief introction 2. There are many factors affecting the exchange rate. Generally speaking, the change of a country's economic strength and the choice of macroeconomic policies are the fundamental reasons for the long-term development trend of exchange rate. We can often see that in the foreign exchange market, market participants are very concerned about various economic data of various countries, such as GDP, CPI, interest rate changes, etc. In the foreign exchange market, we should clearly understand the relationship and influence between various data, indicators and exchange rate changes, so as to further find the law of exchange rate changes, actively look for investment opportunities in the foreign exchange market and prevent foreign exchange risks< There are many factors that affect the exchange rate changes in economic activities, which are listed as follows:
I. balance of payments. The balance of payments is the dominant factor in determining the trend of exchange rate. Balance of payments is the sum of all kinds of payments in a country's foreign economic activities. Generally speaking, the balance of payments deficit indicates that foreign exchange is in short supply. Under the floating exchange rate system, market supply and demand determine the change of exchange rate, so the balance of payments deficit will cause the devaluation of domestic currency and the appreciation of foreign currency, that is, the rise of foreign exchange rate. On the contrary, the balance of payments surplus will cause the decline of foreign exchange rate. It should be noted that in general, changes in the balance of payments determine the medium and long-term trend of the exchange rate
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the horizontal bar means I don't know. I'll let you know after verification in three days
the horizontal bar means I don't know. I'll let you know after verification in three days
9. 1. According to the relevant regulations of our country, what is not foreign exchange is () a U.S. Federal bonds B Special Drawing Rights C Hong Kong dollar certificate of deposit D Euro sales invoice 2. Under the direct pricing method, the larger the number after the equal sign, the more expensive the foreign exchange is compared with the local currency () a, the lower the B, and the lower the C parity D. 3, The greater the number after the equal sign, the more expensive the foreign exchange is compared with the local currency () a, the lower the B, and the lower the C parity D. 4. Which of the following is wrong in the description of the European short-term lending market () a: the general lending interest margin is 0.25% ~ 0.5% B: the general lending interest margin is 2% ~ 4% C: the lending period is less than one year D: the starting point of the lending line is higher, generally $1 million 5 Which of the following is wrong about the European short-term lending market? (a) the general lending interest margin is 0.25% ~ 0.5%; b) the general lending interest margin is 2% ~ 4%; c) the lending term is less than one year; (d) the starting point of the lending line is relatively high, which is generally 1 million US dollars. (6) under the gold standard, the basis for determining the exchange rate is (a) purchasing power; (b) value; (c) gold content of currency; (d) price level The ultimate goal of China's foreign exchange system reform is to make RMB realize () a free convertibility of current account, B free convertibility of capital account, C free convertibility of financial account, D complete free convertibility. 8. According to the theory of balance of payments, the decisive factors affecting foreign exchange supply and demand are () a trade balance, B current account balance, C international reserves, D capital account balance, 9 According to the theory of balance of payments, the decisive factors affecting the supply and demand of foreign exchange are () a trade balance B current account balance C international reserves D capital account balance 10. After 1994, China's exchange rate system is () a fixed exchange rate system B clean floating exchange rate system C pegged floating exchange rate system D single managed floating exchange rate system 11, The factors that affect the change of exchange rate are () a international lending B current lending C fixed lending D long-term lending 12. The core content of foreign exchange management is () a foreign exchange settlement management B currency exchange management c exchange rate management D foreign exchange capital income and utilization management 13 The establishment of an exchange stabilization fund to intervene in the foreign exchange market belongs to the following aspects of foreign exchange control: (a) direct control; (b) exchange rate control; (c) quantity control; (d) quality control; (14) international lending theory holds that the factors that affect the change of exchange rate are: (a) international lending; (b) liquid lending; (c) fixed lending; (d) long term lending; (15) international lending; (14) foreign exchange stabilization fund The core content of foreign exchange management is () a foreign exchange settlement management B management of currency exchange C management of exchange rate D management of foreign exchange fund income and application 16. The internationally recognized reference index of short-term debt ratio is () a 15% B 18% C 25% d 22% 17. Among the following reserve assets, The most profitable is () a gold reserve B foreign currency commercial paper c medium term foreign government bond D current deposit in foreign banks 18. The balance of payments is recorded according to () principle a single entry B double entry C increase / decrease entry D receipt / payment entry 19. The internationally recognized reference index of short-term debt ratio is () a 15% B 18% C 25% d 22% 20 Among the following reserve assets, the most profitable one is () a gold reserve B foreign currency commercial paper c medium-term foreign government bond D demand deposit in foreign bank 21. A country's balance of payments surplus will make () a foreign country's money demand decrease and its currency exchange rate decrease; B foreign country's money demand increase, A country's currency exchange rate rises C. foreign demand for the country's currency increases, and the country's currency exchange rate falls D. foreign demand for the country's currency decreases, and the country's currency exchange rate rises 22. A country's balance of payments deficit will make () a foreign demand for the country's currency decrease, and the country's currency exchange rate falls B. foreign demand for the country's currency increases, In addition to paying interest, the buyer's credit also needs to pay () a management fee B agency fee C miscellaneous fee D commitment fee 24 Which of the following transactions should be recorded in the balance of payments of the home country () a a domestic enterprise establishing a branch abroad B the wage income of a foreign resident who comes to work in the home country for a long time C the loss of a domestic bank e to currency depreciation after purchasing foreign treasury bonds D the sales income of the factory's procts in the local market 25 Long term capital flow does not include any of the following types: (a) direct investment; (b) securities investment; (c) export credit; (d) international loans within one year; (26) the first principles of international reserve structure management are: (a) liquidity; (b) profitability; (C) availability; (d) security; (27) the first principles of international reserve structure management are: (1) the first principles of international reserve structure management are: (1) the second is liquidity; (2) the third is profitability; (3) Which of the following accounts can better measure the balance of payments pressure on international reserves () a balance of payments of trade B balance of comprehensive account C balance of capital and financial account D balance of payments of current account 59 The manifestation of international direct investment does not include: (1) a country opens a factory abroad; (2) a country sets up a subsidiary abroad; (3) a country purchases foreign enterprise bonds; (4) profits from foreign enterprises are reinvested locally; (3) long term capital flow does not include any of the following types; (3) a direct investment in B securities; (3) export credit; (4) international loans within one year; (4) long term capital flow does not include any of the following types When a country's balance of payments is structurally unbalanced, many developing countries tend to take some measures a foreign exchange buffer Policy B direct control C fiscal and monetary policy D exchange rate policy 30 Which of the following accounts can better measure the pressure of balance of payments on international reserves () a balance of payments of trade B balance of comprehensive account C balance of capital and financial account D balance of current account 31. The long-term imbalance of balance of payments is caused by () factor a economic structure B monetary value C national income d economic cycle 32. Buyer's credit except interest payment, It also needs to pay () a management fee B agency fee C miscellaneous fee D commitment fee 33 to the lending bank. The New York offshore financial center belongs to () a internal and external mixed type B internal and external separation type C separation penetration type D tax haven type 34 The loan interest rate of IFC () a is generally lower than that of the world bank; B is generally higher than that of the world bank; C is the same as that of the world bank; D is the same as that of IDA The interest rate of international syndicated loan is generally calculated according to () a commercial reference interest rate B LIBOR C model interest rate D preferential lending rate of American Commercial Bank 36. The following financial instruments not belonging to the short-term securities market are () a treasury bill B public bond C CDs D acceptance bill 37 London offshore financial center belongs to () a internal and external hybrid type B internal and external separation type C separation penetration type D tax haven type 38. The international syndicated loan interest rate is generally calculated according to () a commercial reference interest rate B LIBOR C model interest rate D preferential lending rate of American commercial banks 39 The forms of international direct investment do not include: (1) a country opens a factory abroad; (2) a country sets up a subsidiary abroad; (3) a country purchases foreign enterprise bonds; (4) the profits of foreign enterprises are reinvested locally; (4) the following financial instruments that do not belong to the short-term securities market are: (1) a treasury bond; (3) B treasury bond; (4) C CDs; (4) acceptance bill As a basic type of international economic exchanges, international capital flow is characterized by the transfer of () and generally for the purpose of making profits. A ownership b right to use C right to move D right to operate 43. The preconditions for a foreign currency to be called foreign exchange do not include () a compensability B negotiability C free convertibility D acceptability 44. The fatal weakness of the Bretton Woods system is () a dollar double peg B Triffin problem C asymmetry of rights and obligations D inflexibility of exchange rate fluctuations 45 What fundamentally determines the nature and operational characteristics of the international monetary system is (a) the choice of the international standard currency (b) the exchange rate arrangement among currencies (c) the convertibility of currencies (d) how to adjust the imbalance of foreign exchange payments among countries, China's exchange rate system is () a fixed exchange rate system B clean floating exchange rate system C pegged floating exchange rate system D single managed floating exchange rate system 47. So far, the most successful practice of the most appropriate currency area is () a dollarization B Asian monetary integration C African Monetary Integration D European Monetary Integration 48 What fundamentally determines the nature and operating characteristics of the international monetary system are: (a) the choice of the international standard currency; (b) the exchange rate arrangement among the currencies; (c) the convertibility of currencies; (d) how to adjust the imbalance of foreign exchange payments among the countries So far, the most successful practice results of the most appropriate currency area are: (a) dollarization; (b) Asian monetary integration; (c) African Monetary Integration; (d) European monetary integration; (50) the main business activities of the International Monetary Fund are: (a) exchange rate supervision; (B) exchange rate consultation and coordination; (c) providing financial support to Member States; (d) urging member states to realize currency convertibility The fatal weakness of the Bretton Woods system is () a US dollar double pegging B Triffin problem C asymmetry of rights and obligations D inflexibility of exchange rate fluctuations 52. What does not belong to the purpose of the world bank is () a helping member states balance their balance of payments B cooperating with other international loans to provide loan guarantees C facilitating investment for proctive purposes, In order to assist Member States in rejuvenation and development, D to promote private foreign investment by way of guaranteeing or participating in private loans and private investment. 53. The main business activities of the International Monetary Fund are (a) exchange rate supervision B) exchange rate consultation and coordination C) providing financing to Member States d) promoting Member States to realize currency convertibility 54 The following objectives not belonging to the purpose of the world bank are: (a) to help member states balance their balance of payments; (b) to cooperate with other international loans to provide loan guarantees; (c) to facilitate investment for proctive purposes to assist Member States in their recovery and development; (d) to promote private foreign investment by way of guaranteeing or participating in private loans and private investment The so-called "central bank's Bank" is () a bank for International Settlements B Bank for international reconstruction and development C Asian Development Bank D African Development Bank 56. The international financial organizations that provide loans to private enterprises without government guarantee are () a bank for international reconstruction and development B International Development Association C Multilateral Investment Guarantee agency D International Finance Corporation 57 The international financial institutions that provide long-term loans to low-income countries are () a IDA B IBRD C IFC D Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency 58, IDA's loans are called () a hard loan B soft loan C non project loan D "third window" loan 59, IDA's loans are called () a hard loan B soft loan C non project loan D "third window" loan 59 As a basic type of international economic communication, international capital flow is characterized by the transfer of () and generally aims at making profits. A ownership b right to use C right to move D right to operate
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