Comparison of gold virtual currency
the concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto in 2009. According to Nakamoto's idea, open source software was designed and released, and P2P network was built on it. Bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system. Unlike most currencies, bitcoin does not rely on specific currency institutions to issue. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on specific algorithms. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of money circulation. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity. The monetary system used to have no more than 10.5 million in four years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to 21 million
from the two concepts, the main differences are as follows: gold is a physical object and a general equivalent; Bitcoin is a virtual currency, which is easy to be manipulated, and its value has a certain degree of hype.
Shelley Goldberg, a well-known investment consultant working for brevan Howard asset management and Roubini global economics, believes that as an analogy, it is like soybean futures and Intel stock. Many people may think that gold and bitcoin are both currencies because they can be used to buy goods and services. Or, both are commodities, because trading commodity futures needs to meet the minimum standards of account opening funds, and comply with the relevant futures and option contracts. But gold is a commodity, bitcoin and blockchain are technologies
in what unit are abstract things measured
Stefan Weiler, vice president of goldmoney, a global financial services and technology company, believes that gold is real and has physical and measurable natural advantages, rather than abstract man-made money, including fiat money. Therefore, gold has measurable mass and weight to determine its unit (gram, Troy, ounces, etc.). But bitcoin doesn't have this feature. Weiler pointed out that "abstract things can only be measured in their own units.". So the bitcoin value of "weighing" is literally not comparable to the value of gold
Stefan has worked in the world's top financial institutions for more than 10 years. He was senior director of commodity strategy at Goldman Sachs and research director of commodity hedge fund BBL commodities. In 2014, the hedge fund gained 51.3% return and won the title of "new fund of the year"
Weiler explains this problem by comparing the units between bitcoin and gold:
when comparing the units of gold and bitcoin, we must first define which unit to measure, gram... Kilogram... Or ton? Or ounces? Weiler uses the market capitalization of the two companies (apple (NASDAQ: AAPL) and seaboard (nysemkt: SEB) as a metaphor to illustrate how unit size / amount distorts the price: comparing the price of a unit of bitcoin and an ounce of gold is a bit like comparing seaboard's shares (US $4179 per share) with Apple's shares (US $116 per share), and concludes that, Seaboard's market value is about 35 times that of apple. Considering only the stock prices of the two companies without considering the shares (i.e. units) issued, it is obviously not enough. Weiler believes that a similar situation will occur when comparing gold and bitcoin
neither is money
by definition, money is a widely accepted means of payment as a medium of exchange. The classification of gold as a commodity currency goes back a lot to the early days of capitalism, when people could trade gold for cattle. But this model doesn't work because gold is often in short supply. Gold is a tradable tool and asset-backed currency, because it can be exchanged for a certain amount of US dollars, but if you take the gold nugget to the grocery store to buy something, the grocery store will not sell it to you. Unless we go back to the Bretton Woods system when gold was fixed against the US dollar, gold is not directly linked to any currency
there is no doubt that bitcoin is becoming an acceptable means of payment both offline and online, such as offline stores, home depot and online transactions, such as expedia.com, which are also accepted by many countries, such as Estonia and Denmark. But it is still not widely accepted around the world
money is national legal, which means that each Congress uses it in monetary policy. The Fed can print as many dollars as it can to stimulate the economy. At present, more than 50 banking organizations in the world have joined the R3 blockchain alliance, but bitcoin does not rely on the government, banks and other third parties
unlike money, both gold and bitcoin are in limited supply. The gold supply of the earth depends on the underground reserves, and the creation limit of bitcoin is 21 million
Goldberg believes that although the value of bitcoin exceeds that of gold for the first time, there is no comparability between bitcoin and gold
the two are not irreplaceable
gold was first used around 700 BC, and after that, nothing with the same properties as gold has been found or created. Metallurgists have made alloys that look and feel like gold, but they are not gold because they do not meet physical delivery standards. Bitcoin, on the other hand, has numerous alternatives, because countless "altcoin" cryptocurrencies have sprung up to challenge it, such as Ethernet, which follows Casper rules
according to cryptocoincharts, the market value of 3694 cryptocurrencies has reached 27.8 billion US dollars. Of course, bitcoin has an overwhelming market share, but who knows what other cryptocurrency popularization or some technology will challenge and destroy the current market in the future. Not long ago, many bitcoins were stolen from Mt. GOx exchange. Last summer, a project using blockchain technology was hacked and lost millions of dollars. So there is still room for improvement
gold is a commodity, but bitcoin is not. Gold is a basic commodity or hard asset that can be used in business, and it can be used as a material to proce other commodities. People can also use gold for physical delivery and then make it into some other form for use. Although bitcoin is storable, it is not physical and cannot be held, felt or transferred. " Goldberg said
are bitcoin and gold risk averse
for centuries, gold has been regarded as a safe haven asset or used as a hedge against inflation, but this attribute is not permanent, because there are many alternatives, such as the Swiss franc and tips. Bitcoin is different. In fact, China's three largest bitcoin exchanges recently stopped withdrawing money under pressure from the people's Bank of China for fear that bitcoin would be used to transfer money abroad. Bitcoin has not experienced inflation since its birth, so its anti inflation property has not been verified< However, they are similar. Shelley Goldberg believes that bitcoin and gold are rare, their prices may be volatile, and each serves as an alternative investment to those lacking confidence in legal tender and monetary policy. Bitcoin trading is not as easy as gold, because people have to buy bitcoin through online trading platforms or invest in over-the-counter bitcoin trusts. There may be a bitcoin ETF in the near future, as the US Securities and Exchange Commission is considering a proposal to launch an exchange traded fund backed by bitcoin. A final decision will be made by this Saturday
on February 14, SEC officials met with brother Tyler Winklevoss and brother Cameron Winklevoss, advocates of bitcoin ETF, to discuss the above proposal. The market expects that once bitcoin ETF is listed, it will attract a large amount of capital investment, reaching at least $300 million. With this development, bitcoin will become an easier trade
cryptocurrency supporters believe that bitcoin is the medium of exchange and storage value in the future. However, the volatility of bitcoin is a problem when only the downlink deviation is measured instead of the standard deviation& quot; This method better shows the risks of bitcoin becoming a widely used currency, "Weiler said
in his analysis, Weiler believes that "the volatility of bitcoin is significantly higher than that of gold and currency
Weiler believes that although bitcoin's short-term performance is impressive, it still has serious limitations in terms of utility and savings compared with gold and precious metals. At the same time, Shelley Goldberg also believes that the relative value of bitcoin is basically nothing except speculation. In addition to the expectation that trump will relax the financial regulatory environment in the United States, China, India, Venezuela and other countries have tightened the supervision of bitcoin. Therefore, with the currency instability in emerging markets, the uncertainty of Trump's policy and the expectation of stock market adjustment, there are still good reasons to buy gold.
virtual currency originally refers to non real currency.
in the case that virtual currency is connected with reality, virtual currency has its real value. Well known virtual currencies such as Tencent's q-coin, q-point, Shanda's roll, Sina's u-coin meter ticket (used in igome game), chivalrous Yuanbao (used in chivalrous road game), and so on, In the era of stand-alone games, the protagonists accumulate money by knocking down the enemy and winning money in gambling houses to buy Herbs and equipment, At that time, there was no "market" between players. Since the Internet established the portal and community and realized the game networking, there has been a "financial market" for virtual currency, and players can trade game currency.
the second type is the special currency issued by portal websites or instant messaging service providers, Tencent's q-coin is the most widely used to purchase services on this website. It can be used to purchase membership, QQ show and other value-added services.
Third, the difference between real currency and virtual currency
the first feature: different value formation mechanisms.
general currency and virtual currency have different value bases, the former represents utility, The latter represents value.
as a general equivalent, the "price" of currency is called value in language, but actually refers to utility. Virtual currency does not represent the "effect" of general "price", but the value itself.
virtual currency is not a general equivalent, but a manifestation of value relativity, or a symbol of expression; It can also be said that virtual currency is a personalized currency.
the second feature is that the monetary decision mechanism is different.
general currency is decided by the central bank, while virtual currency is decided by indivials.
reflected in the monetary decision mechanism, real currency is decided by the central bank; The virtual money market (such as stock market and game money market) is determined by forces outside the central bank, The economy formed by stock market and derivative financial market is called fictitious economy. The essence of fictitious economy is information economy with indivial as the center.
the third characteristic is that the value exchange mechanism is different.
the value conversion of general currency is completed in the money market; The value exchange between general currency and virtual currency is completed through the overall exchange of the two markets. Under special conditions, there is an immature exchange relationship between indivial markets. Therefore, it can be said that general currency and virtual currency are in different markets.
some people worry that game virtual currency may cause inflation, Just as the imbalance of supply and demand in the commodity market can not directly lead to the imbalance of supply and demand in the money market, it must be through the issuance of additional money in the overall market to lead to inflation; At present, the stock market is a unified market, but the game market is not.
for example, the ratio of a certain game virtual currency to RMB may initially be 800000 to 1, Then it may change to 8 million to 1. Maybe the virtual currency of a castle today will be enough to buy a Tomahawk tomorrow; If the virtual currency forms a unified market, it may indeed exert pressure on the money market. The problem is that there is no such unified market now. The issuers of game currency are independent of each other and do not have the status of financial subject, let alone the exchange with currency at the level of financial market. What's more, whether it is base currency or value-added currency, The currency volume (m) and the currency price level (V, i.e. the velocity of circulation) have not changed, so it can not be considered that there will be monetary inflation or deflation.
for the current game currency depreciation, it is better to explain that the service conditions of a game as a value-added service have changed, As the demand for virtual currency increases, the price of services involved and the price level of virtual currency decrease. Due to the change of supply and demand conditions of such services, the price of services decreases. This is a phenomenon that can be explained by a real commodity market
There is a very good answer, the invasion and deletion
cryptoclones is a digital and collectable blockchain game based on Ethereum blockchain. Using ether money to adopt clowns can be resold, and they can also be used to breed a new generation of clowns with strange shapes. They can also be cultivated to work and earn money, which makes the digital collection of clowns more sustainable and playable< There are two kinds of proction mechanism of clowns, one is official proction, the other is breeding proction between two clowns
one official clown is proced every 15 minutes, and the total number is only 50000. At certain times, the official will also release some strange clowns with special shapes. The price of the original clown is the average of the prices of the last five clowns in the market
two clowns of different genders can reproce in the breeding center of the market. In each breeding pair, one clown who plays the role of father can receive the breeding fee paid by the other party (maternal Master). After breeding, there is a certain recovery period, which is related to the clown's genes. The clown in the role of mother will have a period of pregnancy, and she will not be able to breed with other clowns until she gives birth to her baby. There is no limit to the number of breeding times of each etheric clown, but the recovery period and pregnancy period will increase with the number of breeding times< Each clown's appearance is determined by the tamperable genes stored in the smart contract, and each gene is unique, so each clown is unique
the appearance of a clown is composed of eight parts, each part of which can be divided into ordinary and rare attributes. The number of rare attributes is less than that of ordinary attributes, which makes the clown with rare attributes more precious
the appearance of a clown born in breeding is closely related to his parents and the genetic genes carried by his parents. The offspring have a high probability of inheriting the shape of some parts of his parents, so that their parents' good genes can be inherited, and it is possible to mutate and become a completely different clown from his parents
3. Clown trading
etheric clown can be directly used for trading
sell: users can choose clowns to be auctioned in the market, and they can sell their own clowns. When selling, users need to set the highest starting price, the lowest acceptance price and the auction time. The Dutch auction is adopted in the auction. During the auction time, the highest price set by the seller is graally transferred to the lowest price. If the owner is not willing to sell at a low price, a longer auction time can be set or the clown can be sold off the shelves
buy: the buyer selects the clown on sale in the market and pays ether to buy the clown he likes. When the buyer purchases, the transaction will be concluded at the auction price at the current time point. If you have a favorite clown, but feel that the price is not suitable for the time being, and want to pay more attention, you can collect the clown after you like it. Later, we can understand the dynamic of the clown through "my attention"< There are four kinds of clown attribute values: growth value, strength value, agility value and wisdom value. Generation 0 clowns get the value of each attribute randomly, and the non generation 0 clowns are mainly inherited
attribute values can be changed by eating food
after the clown's growth value reaches the requirement (100 points), he can go to the factory to earn money (ETH). Different kinds of factories need different clowns. Dream college needs the wisdom of every working clown. Clowns with more than 800 points of wisdom go to Dream Academy of Sciences to work, and their income can get bonus. If a clown with less than 300 wisdom goes to work, his income will be reced to
a part-time job will consume physical strength. The total physical strength is 120 points. It consumes 1 point every 12 minutes and can work up to 24 hours. During the period of not working, physical strength can be recovered, a little every 8 minutes
when the time reaches 0 o'clock or the clown's physical exertion is completed, the clown's work income will be settled according to the actual working hours at 0 o'clock every day. When every 12 minutes is a work, less than 12 minutes will not be counted
5. Clown food and feeding
owners can buy spinach, beef, carrots, walnuts and other food through the mall to feed clown pets
the price of food is related to the selling price of original clowns on the platform the day before. So the owners can hoard some food when the price of food is low
feeding spinach is helpful to growth value, beef corresponds to clown pet's strength value, carrot corresponds to agility, walnut corresponds to wisdom
the clown can only eat one food a day. We suggest that spinach should be fed in the early stage to meet the working conditions as soon as possible, and then according to the natural properties of clown in the later stage. When working, choose the type of factory with the highest attributes to work
Web links
There is no direct link between gold and bitcoin
neither of them is money: money is widely accepted as a medium of exchange, and gold is classified as money. To a large extent, it can be traced back to the early capitalist period, when gold could be used to exchange for anything, as a tradable tool and asset currency, to exchange for a certain amount of US dollars
bitcoin has now become a means of online and offline payment, and many countries have accepted this way, but it has not been accepted by the whole world
< H2 > extended data:
unlike all currencies, bitcoin does not rely on specific currency institutions to issue. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on specific algorithms. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, And the use of cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of money circulation
the decentralized feature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially control the value of bitcoin by mass manufacturing. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner
This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcityyou can also take a train from Chongqing to Wulong railway station, and the ticket price is 25 yuan per person. Then you can take a taxi from Wulong railway station to the bus station, about 4 or 5 yuan, Then take the bus from the bus station to fairy mountain
the ticket price from Wulong bus station to fairy mountain is about 17 yuan per person