Virtual currency stage
There are four stages of currency experience:
1, accidental barter
accidental barter refers to the human's initial commodity exchange at the end of the primitive society. It occurs under the extremely accidental situation that both sides of the tribe have surplus procts. At this time, commodity exchange has great contingency, so it is called accidental barter
With the development of proctivity and social division of labor, the frequency of barter has increased, and the types of commodities participating in the exchange have also increased. At this time, commodity exchange is the expanded barter When the scope of the transaction is expanded and the variety is increased, the exchange of things is very difficult. Even if it can be established, it will cost too much manpower, material resources and time. The low exchange efficiency has seriously hindered the development of commodity proction Therefore, the general equivalent is a special commodity separated from the commodity world as a unified expression of the value of all other commodities. This is the proct of the development of commodity proction and exchange to a certain stage The general equivalent is fixed on gold and silver.
the commodity used as the general equivalent is different in different regions and periods, which is not concive to the development of commodity economy objectively. Because gold and silver are rare and easy to be separated and stored, they are graally fixed as general equivalents, and money comes into being
extended data:
money is a fixed commodity separated from commodities and serves as a general equivalent
In essence, money is a contract between the owner and the market about the right of exchange, which is essentially an agreement between the owners. I give what I have to the market in exchange for what I need. Money is the agreement in this process, which reflects the economic cooperation between indivials and societythe nature of money contract determines that money can have different forms, such as general equivalent, precious metal money, paper money, electronic money and so on. It can be used as a medium of transaction, storage value, deferred payment standard and accounting unit
According to issuers, money can be divided into public money (fiat money), private money and regional money (community money). Generally speaking, public money is issued by the government. When it exists, it is generally dominant. Private money and regional currency are issued by non-governmental organizations According to the classification of materials, people used different goods as money in different historical periods. It can be divided into shell, bead, stick, metal currency (see commodity currency), paper currency and digital currency. In terms of nature, it can be divided into real money and virtual moneyreference: network currency
China does not have the first legal virtual currency. At the end of 2013, the central bank and other five ministries and commissions issued the bitcoin risk notice, which clearly defined bitcoin as a special Internet commodity, and the public can buy and sell it freely on the premise of taking their own risks
other digital confidential currencies are also suitable, such as Laite coin, the ancestor of Shanzhai coin, Fuyuan coin for business points in jewelry instry, dog coin for small reward, etc. But although virtual currency exists legally in our country, it is illegal to cheat under the guise of virtual currency
extended data
as the proct of e-commerce, virtual currency has begun to play an increasingly important role, and it is more and more connected with the real world. However, with the growth of virtual currency, the relevant laws and regulations are lagging behind, which has laid many hidden dangers
fraud
the private transactions of online virtual currency have realized the two-way circulation between virtual currency and RMB to a certain extent. The activity of these traders is to buy all kinds of virtual currencies and procts at a low price, and then sell them at a high price to earn profits. With the increase of such transactions, there are even virtual mints
in addition to the virtual currency provided by the main company, there are also some people who specialize in "virtual coin making" to obtain virtual currency by playing games and then resell it to other players. Take Wenzhou as an example, there are about seven or eight such "virtual mints" with four or five hundred practitioners. This not only creates a bubble for the price of the virtual currency itself, but also causes trouble for the normal sale of the issuing company. It also provides a platform for selling and collecting money and money laundering for various cyber crimes. p>
impact system
in modern financial system, the issuers of money are generally central banks, which are responsible for the management and supervision of money operation. As the equivalent exchange goods used to replace the real currency circulation on the Internet, the virtual currency on the Internet is essentially the same as the real currency. The difference is that the issuers are no longer central banks, but Internet companies
if the development of virtual currency makes it form a unified market, each company can exchange with each other, or virtual currency is integrated and unified, and all of them are based on the same standard and price, then in a sense, virtual currency is currency, which is likely to form a threat impact on the traditional financial system or economic operation
network problems
in addition to direct cash, virtual currency can also be purchased by SMS, internet transfer and fixed telephone recharge. These ways of purchase not only provide convenience for users, but also have many risks
such as embezzlement of telephone recharge and purchase by minors. In addition, virtual currency does not have the anti-counterfeiting technology of real currency. Computer hackers may use its security loopholes to proce counterfeit currency. Relevant personnel of the State Administration for Instry and Commerce said that virtual currency transaction is a business behavior derived from the Internet era, and there are no clear legal provisions to regulate it, and there are no items related to virtual goods transaction in the scope of instrial and commercial registration
but when the virtual property transaction graally employs people, places are fixed, transaction profits are clear, and has the nature of operation, it may involve market order and tax issues. Even game operators have no ability to control. There are a large number of "counterfeit banknote makers" in the network. Take the winger who is mainly engaged in chess and card online games as an example, the purchasing power of his online currency has shrunk by nearly 40% in one year. Many people point out that such inflation will only damage netizens and make them lose confidence in the Internet
reference source : network virtual currency
There is no definition and distinction between game currency and stock, derivative financial instruments, especially electronic currency. In fact, there is an internal thread that can run through these different forms of virtual currency, which is the performance maturity of personalized value. We can summarize it logically as follows:
Bank e-money
Bank e-money was initially a kind of "pseudo virtual money". It only has the form of virtual currency, such as digitization and symbolization, but it does not have the essence of virtual currency and has nothing to do with personalization. For example, it is just the counterpart of paper money; It may be issued by the central bank; It may be in the same market as the money market. However, bank e-money has broken through the extension of money, that is, it can also be issued not by the central bank, but by information service providers, as was the case with several early e-money. The second breakthrough is the liquidity of bank e-money, which far exceeds that of ordinary money. Therefore, it implies a challenge to the pricing power of currency price level. For example, in overnight lending, if the same money is turned over several times in the form of electronic money, although from the traditional monetary point of view, nothing has happened, but from the perspective of virtual money circulation speed, it has actually changed the conditions of money price level
credit information currency
stock is the most typical credit information currency. Its essence is virtual and it is a kind of virtual currency with personalized characteristics. It is the most realistic foundation of the current virtual economy. Stock market and derivative financial instrument market constitute a large-scale and unified virtual money market. They are not only based on entity business, but also supported by a wide range of information services such as trust business and insurance business. The so-called unified market refers to that the market as a whole can be exchanged with the money market at the overall level of national income. Historically, only when money forms a unified market, that is, the main body of the national economy is monetized, can the adjustment of money quantity and interest rate on the national economy be discussed. The same is true for the virtual economy. This issue is not without dispute. Although the scale of the virtual economy is several times larger than that of the real economy, a large part of the real economy has not entered the unified market. If the game currency is compared with stocks, its progress in this respect is far from satisfactory. Only through the two stages of entertainment instrialization and instrial entertainment, it is possible to reach the level of unified market
analyzing the stock market and derivative financial instrument market, the biggest difference between the stock market and the general money market is that its circulation speed cannot be directly determined by the central bank. For example, as a virtual currency, the price level of stock index can not be directly determined by the central bank like the interest rate, but by the so-called "confidence" of people. The fundamentals of the central bank and the real capital market can only indirectly determine the stock market, not directly. So I think the stock market is an information market, not a money market
compared with the mature virtual money market, the main characteristics of the stock market are incomplete. The stock market integrates the noise at all reference points (i.e. indivial gain and loss values) into a unified reference value, which is combined with the standard value (utility value on the basis and general equilibrium value) to form the continuous fluctuation of the market around the utility value. Although it is different from the money market with the central bank as the center for orderly centripetal movement, it is not different from the money market. From the point of view of the real virtual money market, the characteristic of this market is the incommensurable personalized fixed value. In this sense, the centralized stock market has not achieved this function, and the independent role of the stock market as the so-called "casino" has not been played. Thirdly,
the fundamental function of personalized credit voucher
virtual currency is to synthesize value on the spot of personality, rather than to determine a rational value in isolation at an equilibrium point separated from the real world. The significance of virtual currency is to establish a value system centered on the final consumer. After the full realization of virtual currency, the single currency with general equivalent function will tend to be backward. Game currency is the experimental field of virtual currency at a higher stage, and it is difficult to be a major task. The ideal virtual currency is the value symbol of the real world. In the general equivalent exchange, the specific use value and the corresponding subject of the specific use value, namely the non-homogeneous needs and personalized needs of people, are completely filtered out. Virtual currency will change all this, through the virtual way, people's heterogeneous needs and personalized needs will be anchored to the fundamentals by indivial reference point, and the value will be synthesized. Therefore, virtual currency must have two sides, one is to have the function of commodity exchange, the other is to have the function of barter. Through the former to overcome the relativity and subjectivity of value, through the latter to achieve personalized value confirmation. In order to achieve this goal, virtual currency must realize a huge transformation, which is to transform to dialogue system and become interactive currency. The bargaining here is aimed at the level of currency price. Recall that the transformation from text to dialogue, which has been realized for decades, is the direction of the transformation of virtual currency. The value of game currency is uncertain. When people exchange game currency, it is uncertain whether the ultimate happiness they may get is above or below the currency value until they participate in the game. The game is a dialogue process. Of course, various value-added functions of game currency have not been developed in combination with personalized information services. If this kind of value-added business is fully developed, game currency will not be used because of the different businesses providing services, which may become an advantage over stocks
a fully personalized virtual currency may be a kind of currency card with additional information, and its value is to be confirmed. Virtual currency with specific undetermined function and resial value, on the one hand, its information can have room for reinterpretation like text, on the other hand, it has the potential of karaoke like redevelopment. Its information value has an open interface and can be added again. If they are exchanged in the secondary market like the stock market, they may float up and down in the basic par value with their personalized information, and they will have more attractiveness like stocks. Game currency only has the function of value circulation, but not the function of market platform, so it is only an imperfect virtual currency. The reason is the lack of corresponding instrial base
I can only give you the explanation of ancient Chinese examples, foreign, ha ha, limited by knowledge, sorry.
Mondex is e-mondex (e-cash), which is mainly used to replace banknotes and coins for daily small consumption. Mondex card not only has the characteristics of cash, but also has a better characteristic than cash, that is, it can safely use electronic channels (such as telephone, Internet, etc.) to realize the long-distance conversion of people to people, people to businesses, people to banks. China's e-commerce is in its infancy, online financial services are less developed, and the construction of e-money system is slow. Mondex is the closest electronic currency to cash at present
e-cash is a digital currency developed by digicash for online transactions. It is a currency circulating in the form of data. The cash value is converted into a series of encrypted serial numbers, which are used to represent the currency value of various amounts in reality. After the user opens an account in the bank which carries out e-cash business and stores money in the account, he can shop in the store which accepts e-cash.
In the environment of virtual currency trading, the fluctuation of the currency market is weaker day by day. According to Du Dongfeng, an analyst of the medium and long-term currency Commission network, the medium and long-term cycle should be a downward trend of inter district fluctuation. The price fluctuation in the range of 8000-4500 in this year is more likely, and the currency market may continue to fluctuate for a long time. The intraday fluctuation range may shrink again, and the intraday fluctuation range within $100 may become a high probability event! The weakening of the mainstream currency range will undoubtedly affect the profit margin and lengthen the trading time of medium and long-term trading. For investors, the rate of return and capital occupancy will be greatly reced! Therefore, the general virtual currency trading or short-term or into a virtual currency position trading short-term trading trough. But the popularity of virtual currency trading is still on, so users of virtual currency trading are likely to find a neutral proct in the derivatives of virtual currency trading to replace the vacancy of virtual currency position trading. Du Dongfeng, an analyst at cnki.com, believes that short-term trading of virtual currency will be the best choice for the next round of virtual currency fever
what is virtual currency short-term trading
There is no doubt that the short-term transaction of virtual currency can be understood literally as the short-term transaction mode of virtual currency. The short cycle trading mode of virtual currency is a new way to play in the virtual currency market, and it is also a popular derivative proct of virtual currency trading in this year. Its trading mode can be understood as: fixed investment amount to judge the market fluctuation direction of fixed time cycle. Transaction amount and fixed transaction profit and loss can be predicted. It means that transaction costs, gains and losses are controllablefor example: when trading on the short-term trading platform of virtual currency, Xiaoge found that the short-term fluctuation of bitcoin was in a small downward trend at that time (the price of bitcoin was 6666.66 at that time), and predicted that the market would start to fall in five minutes. He made a five minute drop of 100usdt bitcoin at this price, and when the closing price of bitcoin was lower than or equal to 6666.65 five minutes later, Then I can get 180 usdt of income (including 100 usdt of transaction principal). If the closing price is higher than 6666.67 after five minutes, the single transaction will be at a loss
as shown in the figure:
generally, the lowest transaction is from 5usdt, and a single transaction may reach 1000usdt or higher. The transaction time cycle is generally 1, 2, 5, 15, 30 and 60 minutes, and the rate of return is also determined according to the time cycle
I think if we want to keep up with the upsurge of virtual currency, we can pay attention to the short-term transaction of virtual currency! Because in any investment, investors at the forefront are the most profitable and still belong to the first group to eat crabs! More related consulting money commission network, money commission network is not only to provide you with a virtual currency trading platform, but also a virtual currency instry leader! The short-term transaction of virtual currency is undoubtedly the derivative proct of virtual currency transaction, which accelerates the virtual currency transaction to the super short-term stage
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In the process of formation and development of ancient Chinese currency, it has experienced five extremely significant evolutions:
1, the evolution from natural currency to artificial currency
2
3. The evolution from local coinage to central coinage4. From the weight of documents to Tongbao and Yuanbao
5. The evolution from metal currency to paper currency
From the spring and Autumn period to the Warring States period, China has established four monetary systems: cloth coin, knife goods, ant nose money and ring money. Later, it went through the Qin, Tang, Han, Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, until December 1, 1948, the people's Bank of China was established and issued the first set of RMB
knowledge development:
commemorative coin
ordinary commemorative coin is RMB with specific theme and limited issue. Since the people's Bank of China issued the first set of ordinary commemorative coins in 1984, it has issued 63 sets of 75 ordinary commemorative coins, with a total circulation of about 850 million. The denominations range from 1 jiao, 1 yuan, 5 yuan, 10 yuan, 50 yuan and 100 yuan, which condenses the glorious achievements and major historical events of the people's Republic of China over 50 years into the square inch of commemorative coins