Is the 1475 miner permanent

bitcoin mining machine is a kind of computer used to earn bitcoin. This kind of computer generally has professional mining chips and works in the way of burning graphics card, which consumes a lot of power. It is one of the ways to get bitcoin that users download software from personal computer and then run specific algorithm to get corresponding bitcoin after communicating with remote server

mining is actually a competition of performance and equipment, and a competition of computing power among miners. Miners with more computing power are more likely to dig bitcoin. With the increase of computing power in the whole network, it is more and more difficult to dig bits with traditional devices (CPU, GPU). People have developed chips specially used for mining. Chip is the core part of mining machine. The process of chip operation will proce a lot of heat, in order to cool down, bitcoin miner is generally equipped with heat sink and fan

bitcoin is a kind of virtual currency. Bitcoin mining system is the process of carrying out mathematical operation for bitcoin network through computer hardware. Miners who provide services can get a reward, because the network reward is calculated according to the tasks completed by miners, so the competition for mining is very fierce

bitcoin mining started with low-cost hardware such as CPU or GPU, but with the popularity of bitcoin, the mining process has changed greatly. Nowadays, the mining activities are transferred to the field programmable gate array, and the hash speed can be achieved through optimization. The mining efficiency of this mode is very high

You can't dig in a day. It takes 2000 years

the global unified computing difficulty of bitcoin is 2621404453 (expected to change in two days). It takes more than 2000 years for a 2.5GHz CPU to work out a bitcoin

in order to make the graphics card fully loaded for a long time, the power consumption will be quite high, and the electricity bill will be higher and higher. Many professional mines at home and abroad are operated in areas with extremely low electricity charges, such as hydropower stations, while more users can only mine at home or in ordinary mines, so the electricity charges are not cheap. Even in a certain residential area in Yunnan, there was a case of crazy mining, which led to a large area trip of the residential area, and the transformer was burned

extended data:

bitcoin network generates new bitcoin through "mining". In essence, the so-called "mining" is to use computers to solve a complex mathematical problem to ensure the consistency of bitcoin network distributed accounting system

bitcoin network will automatically adjust the difficulty of mathematical problems, so that the whole network can get a qualified answer about every 10 minutes. Then bitcoin network will generate a certain amount of bitcoin as block reward to reward the person who gets the answer

when bitcoin was born in 2009, block rewards were 50 bitcoins. Ten minutes after its birth, the first 50 bitcoins were generated, and the total amount of money at this time is 50. Then bitcoin grew at a rate of about 50 every 10 minutes. When the total amount reaches 10.5 million (50% of 21 million), the block reward will be halved to 25

when the total amount reaches 15.75 million (5.25 million new output, i.e. 50% of 1050), the block reward will be further halved to 12.5. The monetary system used to have no more than 10.5 million in four years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to about 21 million

Mining machinery may focus on different projects. Taking IPFs mining machine configuration as an example, the server level CPU such as amd Xiaolong 7302 is generally used; Most graphics cards are made of NVIDIA 2080ti, which can be proced in different factories; Seagate enterprise hard disk is the majority of hard disks, with large capacity, reliability and long-term operation of 7 * 24 hours

No illegal
in the bitcoin risk notice jointly issued by the people's Bank of China and other five ministries and commissions at the end of 2013, bitcoin is clearly defined as a special Internet commodity, and people can buy and sell it freely at their own risk. But it denies the monetary nature of bitcoin< The Article 143 of the general provisions of the civil law stipulates that "the civil legal act with the following conditions is valid:
(1) the actor has the corresponding capacity for civil conct< (2) the expression of intention is true< (3) it does not violate the mandatory provisions of laws and administrative regulations, public order and good customs. " The announcement of the seven ministries and commissions is neither a law nor an administrative regulation, and can not be used as a legal basis for judging whether a civil juristic act is valid or not; The law does not go back to the past. Therefore, the bitcoin transaction has legal effect, and the bitcoin obtained from the transaction is protected by law. Therefore, legal disputes arising from trading activities, including civil or criminal cases, should be subject to jurisdiction. Courts or public security organs can not refuse to accept bitcoin because they think bitcoin is not protected by law

extended information:

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transaction mode

bitcoin is e-cash similar to e-mail, and both parties need "bitcoin wallet" similar to e-mail and "bitcoin address" similar to e-mail address. Just like sending and receiving e-mail, the remitter pays bitcoin directly to the other party through a computer or smart phone according to the recipient's address. The following table lists some websites that download bitcoin wallets and addresses for free

a bitcoin address is a string of about 33 characters long, consisting of letters and numbers, always starting with 1 or 3, such as & quot& quot; Bitcoin software can generate address automatically, and it does not need to exchange information online when generating address, so it can be offline [2]. More than 2 bitcoin addresses are available. Figuratively speaking, there are about two grains of sand in the world. If there is an earth in each grain of sand, then the total number of bitcoin addresses far exceeds the number of all the sand on all these "earths"

the bitcoin address and private key appear in pairs, and their relationship is just like the bank card number and password. A bitcoin address is like a bank card number, which records how much bitcoin you have on it. You can generate bitcoin address at will to store bitcoin. When each bitcoin address is generated, a corresponding private key of the address will be generated. This private key proves that you have ownership of the bitcoin at that address. We can simply understand the bitcoin address as the bank card number, and the private key of the address as the password of the corresponding bank card number. Only when you know the bank password can you use the money on the bank card number. Therefore, please keep your address and private key when using bitcoin wallet

after the transaction data of bitcoin is packaged into a "data block" or "block", the transaction is initially confirmed. When a block is linked to a previous block, the transaction is further confirmed. After six block confirmations in a row, the transaction was irreversibly confirmed. Bitcoin P2P stores all transaction history in a "blockchain.". The blockchain continues to extend, and once new blocks are added to the blockchain, they will not be removed. Blockchain is actually a distributed database composed of a group of scattered client nodes and all participants, which is a record of all bitcoin transaction history. Nakamoto predicts that when the amount of data increases, users hope that not all the data will be stored in their own nodes. In order to achieve this goal, he uses the hash function mechanism. In this way, the client will be able to automatically eliminate those parts that it will never use, such as some very early bitcoin transactions

How to dig bitcoin:

Alibaba cloud declares that it will never provide "mining platform" and virtual currency

on January 17, according to recent media reports, Alibaba has launched the virtual currency mining platform "P2P node", pointing out that Alibaba is recruiting mining machines. In this regard, Alibaba cloud refuted the rumor late at night on January 16, saying that the business had nothing to do with "mining platform" and "virtual currency" . Alibaba cloud stressed that it will never issue any virtual currency such as bitcoin or provide any so-called "mining platform". For false reports, legal responsibility will be investigated in accordance with the law

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we have noticed that recently there are media reports that Alibaba launched P2P nodes of mining platform. After verification, the service is actually a CDN (content distribution network) service based on P2P technology of Alibaba cloud, and has nothing to do with "mining platform" and "virtual currency"

P2P (peer-to-peer network) node is a common user sharing bandwidth acceleration service in CDN instry. Users can share the idle uplink network bandwidth through personal computers, routers and other devices, and become a micro CDN distribution service node, which enables other customers to get a nearby accelerated experience when downloading, live broadcasting, games and other scenes

for the resources that users are authorized to share, Alibaba cloud CDN gives rewards in the form of points, which can be used to replace gifts in points shopping malls, without monetary function and speculation value

we once again declare that Alibaba cloud will never issue any virtual currency such as bitcoin, nor will it provide any so-called "mining platform"

we will investigate the legal responsibility for the false reports

Alibaba cloud computing Co., Ltd.

January 16, 2018

Preface
Chapter one overview of depression
section one origin and development of depression
I. description of depression in the West
II. Description of depression in China
section two harm of depression
I. Influence on daily life
II. Suicidal behavior
section three understanding of depression
I. correct understanding of depression
II The differences between depression and other diseases
3. Adolescent depression
Chapter 2: biological causes of depression
section 1: genetic factors
1. Blood relationship
2. Twins
3. Foster children
section 2: neurotransmitters
1. Serotonin
2. Norepinephrine
3. Dopamine
4 Neuropeptides
the third segment of neuroendocrine system
I. endocrine hormones
II. Hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis
III. hypothalamus pituitary thyroid axis
IV. immunological studies
I. immune cells
II. Cytokines
v. neural structure and function
I. electroencephalogram
II. Brain structure
III Brain function
section 6 biological rhythm
I, biological clock
II, sleep disorders
III, seasonal
Chapter 3 psychological causes of depression
section 1 psychoanalysis
I, "object splitting" theory
II, "mother infant attachment" theory
III, "self punishment" theory
IV, "psychological defense" theory
section 2 psychological behavior theory
I Learned helplessness
2. Reinforcement model
3. Regression model
4. Punishment model
section 3. Cognitive model
1. Quality stress model
2. Cognitive distortion model
3. ABC theory
4. Attribution style theory
5. Self attention theory
section 4. Other psychological theories
1. Susceptible personality of depression
2 Self esteem model
3. Hopeless depression model
Chapter 4: Sociological etiology of depression
section 1: family factors
1. Family structure
2. Parenting style
3. Family economic status
4. Family life events
section 2: marriage factors
1. Divorce
2. Sex life
3. Fertility
section 3: interpersonal relationship
1 Interpersonal personality characteristics
2. Interpersonal trust
3. Interpersonal conflict
4. Other social factors
1. Social support
2. Social change
3. Social occupation
4. Gender factors
5. Symptoms and diagnosis of depression
1. Clinical manifestations of depression
1. Painful emotional experience
2 Impairment of normal ability
3. Somatic symptoms
4. Cognitive impairment
5. Rare non characteristic symptoms
6. Changes of expression, daily behavior and speech
7. Changes of social behavior.
section 2 types of depression
1. Standard classification
2. Special types
section 3 diagnosis of depression
1. Diagnostic steps
2 Differential diagnosis
Chapter 6 behavioral therapy of depression
section 1 relaxation techniques
I breathing relaxation techniques
II muscle relaxation techniques
III other relaxation techniques
section 2 confidence training
I implementation steps of confidence training
II common techniques of confidence training
III Notes for implementation
section 3 behavior shaping technology
I. implementation steps of behavior shaping
II. Implementation technology of behavior shaping
III. notes for behavior shaping
section 4 behavior contract technology
I. implementation steps of behavior contract technology
II. Implementation technology of behavior contract
III Considerations for implementation
section 5 thought blocking technology
I. implementation steps of thought blocking
II. Implementation considerations
Chapter 7 cognitive therapy for depression
section 1 Ellis rational emotive therapy
I. implementation steps of rational emotive therapy
II. Implementation technology of rational emotive therapy
III Implementation considerations
section 2 Beck Cognitive Therapy
I. basic steps of Beck Cognitive Therapy
II. Implementation techniques of Beck Cognitive Therapy
III. implementation considerations
section 3 attribution therapy
I. implementation steps of attribution therapy
II. Implementation techniques of attribution therapy
III. implementation considerations
section 4 new emotive therapy
I Implementation steps of new emotive therapy
2. Implementation techniques of new emotive therapy
3. Implementation precautions
Chapter 8 interpersonal therapy for depression
section 1 treatment mode of interpersonal therapy
1. Setting of interpersonal therapy
2. Skills of interpersonal therapy
3 Problems to pay attention to
section 2 the process of interpersonal therapy
I. early stage of treatment
II. Mid stage of treatment
III. final stage
section 3 interpersonal therapy of adolescent, postpartum and senile depression
I. interpersonal therapy of adolescent depression
II. Interpersonal therapy of postpartum depression
III Interpersonal relationship therapy for senile depression
section 4 the integration of interpersonal relationship therapy and other psychotherapy
I. group interpersonal relationship therapy
II. Interpersonal cognitive problem solving therapy
Chapter 9 Art Therapy for depression
section 1. The implementation conditions of Sandplay Therapy
II. The implementation process and specific skills of Sandplay Therapy
III Notes on the implementation of Sandplay Therapy
section 2 music therapy
I. implementation conditions of music therapy
II. Implementation process of music therapy
III. notes on the implementation of music therapy
section 3 psychodrama therapy
I. Basic Elements of psychodrama therapy implementation
II. Implementation process and specific skills of psychodrama therapy
III What should be paid attention to in the implementation of psychodrama therapy Dance therapy
Chapter 10 drug treatment of depression
section 1 traditional antidepressants
amitriptyline
imipramine
doxepin
clomipramine hydrochloride
demetirine hydrochloride
maprotiline
minaprin
moclobemide
section 2 new antidepressants
fluoxetine
paroxetine
citalopram
sertraline
fluvoxamine
venlafaxine
misoprostone
bupropion
section 3 other antidepressants
mirtazapine
reboxetine
trazodone
section 4 common Chinese medicine prescriptions
Ganmai Dazao Decoction
Xiaoyao Powder
Banxia Houpu Decoction
Guipi Decoction
Zishui Qinggan Decoction
Anshen Ding pill
depression noun index
...