Mining machinery as long as the reorganization is successful
bitcoin mining machine is a kind of computer used to earn bitcoin. This kind of computer generally has professional mining chips and works in the way of burning graphics card, which consumes a lot of power. It is one of the ways to get bitcoin that users download software from personal computer and then run specific algorithm to get corresponding bitcoin after communicating with remote server
mining is actually a competition of performance and equipment, and a competition of computing power among miners. Miners with more computing power are more likely to dig bitcoin. With the increase of computing power in the whole network, it is more and more difficult to dig bits with traditional devices (CPU, GPU). People have developed chips specially used for mining. Chip is the core part of mining machine. The process of chip operation will proce a lot of heat, in order to cool down, bitcoin miner is generally equipped with heat sink and fan
bitcoin is a kind of virtual currency. Bitcoin mining system is the process of carrying out mathematical operation for bitcoin network through computer hardware. Miners who provide services can get a reward, because the network reward is calculated according to the tasks completed by miners, so the competition for mining is very fierce
bitcoin mining started with low-cost hardware such as CPU or GPU, but with the popularity of bitcoin, the mining process has changed greatly. Nowadays, the mining activities are transferred to the field programmable gate array, and the hash speed can be achieved through optimization. The mining efficiency of this mode is very high
It's a scam. Many Internet enterprises and network security enterprises believe that illegal "mining" has become a serious network security problem
with the rise of "cloud mining", the virtual machine has become the main use object of digital currency such as Monroe coin and Eli coin, and the situation of embezzling cloud computing resources for "mining" has also increased significantly; Security team monitoring found that "competing for mining machine" has become one of the important purposes of Botnet expansion; And found a new type of "mining" virus (mining XmR / Monroe), the virus spread wildly in two months, illegal "mining" profits of nearly one million yuan
extended information:
from a commercial point of view, the business model of mining can walk out of a "healthy road". As long as the "incentive money" is lower than the average cost of new users in the market, the business model will be reasonable and feasible
however, if the platform tempts users to participate with "no capital, no profit", it is worth being vigilant. The so-called "mining" opportunity provided by the platform is likely to be "digging a good hole" waiting for you to jump in
蚂蚁T9+超频、T9超频、S9超频、S9I超频、E3超频、L3+超频、不变功率的研究
先放开源的代码，有能力者可以研究下https://github.com/vavavivi/AntMinerStats
文章所用工具与命令也在网络盘.
wget http://198.13.49.55/statov && chmod 777 statov && ./statov
1、 Mining principle
at the beginning, we could dig bitcoin with the computer CPU. The founder of bitcoin, Nakamoto Tsung, g out the world's first creation block with his computer CPU. However, the era of CPU mining has long passed, and now bitcoin mining is the era of ASIC mining and large-scale cluster mining
looking back on the mining history, bitcoin mining has gone through the following five times: CPU mining → GPU mining → FPGA mining → ASIC mining → large-scale cluster mining, The mining speed changes are as follows:
CPU (20mhash / s) → GPU (400mhash / s) → FPGA (25ghash / s) → ASIC (3.5tash / s) → large scale cluster mining (3.5tash / s * x)
mining speed, which is called computing power in professional terms, that is, the ability of computer to generate hash collisions per second. In other words, how many hash collisions can our miner do per second is the calculation force. Computing power is the ability to dig bitcoin. The higher the computing power, the more bitcoin you dig, the higher the return
in the world of bitcoin, a data block is recorded about every 10 minutes. All mining computers are trying to package the data block and submit it, and the person who successfully generates the data block will get a bitcoin reward. Initially, bitcoin rewards of 50 bitcoins could be generated about every 10 minutes. But the payment is halved every four years, and now the bitcoin network can generate 25 bitcoins every 10 minutes
to successfully generate data blocks, miners need to find the effective hash value. To get the correct hash value, there is no shortcut. You can only guess. The process of guessing is the process of computer random hash collision. If you guess correctly, you will get bitcoin
Mining method: from a miner to a large-scale mine, you need to prepare a miner, a computer that can connect to the Internet, an AUC, a raspberry pie, power supply and all kinds of connecting lines, etc. The connection order of various devices is network cable - & gt; Raspberry pie - & gt; Microusb cable - & gt; AUC-> 4Pin cable - & gt; Mining machine and power supply
< EM > Figure 3: Mine Map (scale of tens of thousands of mining machines) < / EM >
nowadays, the profit space of small and medium-sized absenteeism who take one mining machine home or deploy a small family workshop (dozens of mining machines) is very limited, and the mining instry is graally concentrating on enterprises and teams with low-cost power resources and professional deployment ability
there are many factors that affect the mining revenue, such as the performance and power consumption of mining machinery, the computing power and difficulty of the whole network, the deployment and operation and maintenance capacity of the mine, the availability of low-cost electricity resources, and the currency price and policy guidance, etc. At present, excellent mining enterprises have the ability of chip research and development, a lot of computing power, professional mine deployment and operation experience, etc. in the future, resources and computing power will be more and more concentrated in these mining enterprises
2. Mine pool
in addition to the above equipment, you also need a necessary tool - mine pool. The function of the mine pool is to gather a large amount of mineral computing power, increase your probability of getting bitcoin, and at the same time, distribute your future bitcoin income to your account in advance
the simple explanation is as follows: now the bitcoin network generates a block every 10 minutes, which contains 25 bitcoins. Suppose there are 1W people in the world participating in mining, then in these 10 minutes, only one lucky person has taken these 25 bitcoins, and the others have nothing. The principle of the mine pool is that everyone mines in teams and distributes according to the agreed distribution method, so that the income of the miners' bitcoin tends to be stable and the risks of the miners are reced. Let's take the most common PPS allocation method as an example. Suppose that your computing power is 10t, and the computing power of the whole mine pool is 100t. Your computing power accounts for 1 / 10 of the total computing power of the mine pool. Suppose that the mine pool can generate 10 bitcoins a day, then you can get 1 bitcoin a day
3. Cloud computing power
in reality, the supply of mining machines often exceeds the demand, and at the same time, the delivery of mining machines needs a long waiting period. Miner installation, commissioning, maintenance and other processes are very complex, which requires a lot of energy. Miners have to enre the noise and heat of miner. For miners, the biggest cost is not these, but the high electricity charges consumed by mining. The profit space of small and medium-sized miners is getting smaller and smaller, even negative
Mining income and risk mining income can be calculated by the following formula:Mining income = generated bitcoin * currency price - mining machinery cost - electricity fee - custody fee
if you are just a small miner, generally you only need to dect mining machinery cost and electricity fee
Mining risks are as follows:
< UL >at present, the number of bitcoin is less than 4.5 million. If we do not issue additional bitcoin, the price of bitcoin will fluctuate, and the price callback will lead to the extension of the payback cycle
mining difficulty improvement at present, our machines can meet the market demand
the risk of power outage
< EM >
< / EM >
1. First of all, connect the network cable, plug the network cable into the network cable interface of the mining machine, and remember to plug it tightly. Only when the miner is connected to the Internet, there is no limit to the broadband
extended data
users can buy bitcoin, at the same time, they can also use computers to "mine" bitcoin according to a large number of calculations. When users "mine" bitcoin, they need to use the computer to search for 64 bit numbers, and then compete with other gold miners by repeatedly solving puzzles to provide the required numbers for the bitcoin network. If the user's computer successfully creates a set of numbers, then they will get 25 bitcoins
e to the decentralized programming adopted by the bitcoin system, only 25 bitcoins can be obtained every 10 minutes, and by 2140, the maximum number of bitcoins in circulation will reach 21 million. In other words, bitcoin system is able to achieve self-sufficiency, resist inflation through coding, and prevent others from destroying these codes
as a miner, I used graphics card very early and then butterfly machine. At present, I use Avalon's 220 miner and just received a new 180 ant miner. To tell you the truth, mining is not as simple as you think. Here I will list some practical difficulties you need to face in mining. If you find that some of these items can't be solved and overcome for the time being, don't rush to buy a miner, because from the moment you buy, if you can't mine, Then you will face a real loss
first, list the problems to face
1, be able to accept the noise - the noise of the mining machine is very loud, which is equivalent to that you put the air conditioner outside the room
1-1, strong hands-on ability - the noise can be controlled to a certain extent by adding water cooling, but it needs to be done by yourself. The installation process of water cooling is not as simple as the online tutorial. It needs to be extremely careful. The capacitor on the logic board is easy to touch, and it must be successful at one time. Once the refrigerant is added, the machine will have problems again, It would be disastrous to dismantle the water cooling system
1-2, conditional repair of the chip capacitor - in the process of water cooling installation, the capacitor is easy to fall off, these chip capacitors are very difficult to weld
2, you can set up the network - you can't just plug in the Internet cable! Need to understand the routing, know how to change the IP of the router, mining IP is fixed, according to mining IP to do settings
2-1, you can get a fixed IP address - if you are mining in a company, you can't set up a route, so you must have the condition to get a fixed IP, and then set up your own network through this IP
3. The environment of continuous power supply and continuous network - mining is a 24-hour business. Don't take it for granted that a meeting is OK in one day. Many companies will cut off power at midnight. This must be made clear
3-1. In low temperature environment, in addition to 24-hour continuous power supply, there should also be a relatively cold environment. In actual mining, we can clearly feel the importance of temperature for mining<
let's assume two scenarios,
in the company:
if your working environment is very quiet, it is not suitable, even if water cooling is installed. If you are a senior blue collar, in the workshop, do you have the conditions to set up the network and get a fixed IP? If you can't, give up
at home:
can you stand noise? Can tolerate to a certain extent
is it possible to install water cooling? It can be installed conditionally
is it possible to set up a network? There are also conditions to set up the network
is it warm in that room? Yes, but you can open windows on the second bedroom or balcony
is it possible to pull the wire and the wiring board in the balcony? No problem
congratulations, you can buy a miner to dig it up, but if one of them doesn't work, you need to think carefully before making a decision
the above-mentioned points should not be taken as unimportant or major problems. For example, it is necessary to have the conditions to install water cooling, for example, in a lower temperature environment, for example, to have a fixed IP
when the miner starts to operate and makes a rumbling sound, if you are in the company, you have to turn it off awkwardly. If you are at home, you need to figure out how to explain to your family or girlfriend that the noise will exist for 24 hours, and hope they don't mind
if your home is warm, your miner will never be able to achieve the highest computing power it can. You must accept it calmly, don't be depressed, it's useless to find the seller. Unless you open the window to let in the cold air, you will find that you and the miner are so out of place. That's why laomaozi is very fond of mining< Make complaints about mobile phone, br / > and if you work hard to move the mine to the company, you may think that the electricity charge is in the whole province. You can't get the mine to connect. Then you can only move the mine to home or sell it as a second-hand machine...
these words are typed word by word by me. I hope it can help you. You must find out whether you are qualified to do this at present. As for how to dig, it's a very simple thing: buy a miner, register an account on a mining website, Download a multibit to store the bitcoin you get, and link the miner to the network for power on, Set up the network, give it the fixed IP specified on the chassis, use the computer to access the IP, make some simple settings, and then wait for the receipt
what else can I ask you
many people are still discussing the value of digital currency, but they ignore that the essence of currency is not value, but consensus
the foundation of consensus is Pi's founding team and strong project background
let's take a brief look at the three main founders of PI:
a white man, Nicolas. He is a postdoctoral student in computer science at Stanford University, a lecturer in blockchain at Stanford University, and a member of the blockchain Research Center at Stanford University
a yellow woman, fan, Ph.D. in computer anthropology, Stanford University, computer scientist and engineer
a black man, Vincent. Politics at Yale and business at Stanford
the three main founders cover three major races and genders in the world
research areas include computer science, anthropology, politics, and business
among them, Nicolas and Vincent are members of Stanford blockchain research center
it's millions of dollars a year to put a founder in any company in Silicon Valley
the mining threshold of PI is very low, and there is no cost. It only needs a smart phone, no need to install complex programs or plug-ins, buy expensive ASIC mining machine, and no need to contact the knowledge of cryptocurrency of key class to participate
secondly, in the promotion, Stanford University development team has always been the focus of PI community fans. It's not a grassroots entrepreneur. It's a blockchain project by a well-known Stanford University student. The subtext of PI powder propaganda gives people more sense of sureness - we're not here to make money. We're really here to change the world and reshape the financial system. We're here to realize the ideal of decentralized cryptocurrency. What is invisible to the naked eye is the attraction of pi to people like a blind box.
bitcoin mining machine scam is to make money by leasing or selling mining machines the so-called "mining machine" refers to the computer that installs and runs specific software and algorithms. As we all know, bitcoin can only be obtained through long-term running algorithm of computer, and the total amount is limited. Therefore, some manufacturers have launched specially designed and optimized computer procts, known as "mining machine" in January 2018, a mining computer named "Kodak kashminer" appeared at the international consumer electronics exhibition in Las Vegas, which aroused people's attention. But now critics point out that the mining machine plan is actually a fraud, and the publicity for profit is also false precautions: 1. The general computer configuration of bitcoin household can not meet the requirements of bitcoin miner, so it is difficult to earn the electricity cost of a day 2. If you have to use bitcoin mining machine to dig coins, it is suggested to choose a reliable and legal platform to go more steadily. In the legal platform mining, the daily income can be seen, and a certain amount can be withdrawn
Step 3: find the original installation file of cad2007 and find the simplified Chinese version of AutoCAD2007 in the directory; Bin\ acadFeui\ Program Files\ Root\ Support\ Dfst.dll is deleted manually
finally, restart the computer and re install cad2007. The installation process prompts you "error 1308. Source file not found:...
this method is very good, I hope it can help you!