How to reduce power consumption of snail star miner
in fact, no matter what the mining friends ask, what attracts them most is the super cost performance of mining machinery. Hummingbird H1 is the first IPFs family miner of starbit, which is equipped with IPFs OS operating system (based on Linux) and supports 20tb hard disk expansion. In terms of hardware, considering the high noise, high power consumption and other disadvantages of traditional mining machine, hummingbird H1 has carried out a comprehensive optimization for the home scene, while ensuring the hardware performance (supporting 20tb expansion), controlling the noise at & lt; 30 dB, close to silence; At the same time, the power consumption of the mining machine has been effectively controlled. The annual electricity charge is about 150 yuan, which greatly reces the investment cost.
IPFs is a file transfer protocol similar to http. If IPFs wants to run, it needs many computers (storage devices) in the network as nodes. In a broad sense, all participating computers can be called IPFs mining machines
in order to attract more users to join the IPFs network and contribute to the network, an encryption currency named filecoin is designed, which is distributed to the participants (nodes) as a reward according to the amount of contributed storage space and bandwidth. In a narrow sense, the computer specially designed for the purpose of obtaining the filecoin reward is called IPFs mining machine
because IPFs network needs storage space and network bandwidth, in order to obtain the highest profit ratio, IPFs mining machine usually strengthens the storage space and reces the power consumption of the whole machine. For example, more than 10 high-capacity hard disks are equipped, Gigabit or higher speed network cards are equipped, and ultra-low power architecture processors are used
of course, the mining machine provides storage services, so it can obtain revenue. The size of revenue is related to the configuration of mining machinery and the number of IPFs mining machinery
extended data
the reasons why it is not recommended to invest in IPFs are as follows:
1. IPFs technology is too early to be commercialized
IPFs now takes up a lot of bandwidth. IPNs is very slow at present, which is an obvious technical defect. It will be very difficult to realize dynamic web pages only through IPFs
There is no reasonable economic model, even if the token economy is added, it is difficult to realize the long-term natural ecological valueas a very cumbersome decentralized protocol, it is difficult for users to share files autonomously and spontaneously. In addition, even if users share files into the protocol, the files will be completely open and users cannot delete files effectively, so the security of valid files is threatened
the solution is to introce encryption and blockchain incentive mechanism. At the same time, it solves the security and storage power problems of files. However, as mentioned before, any node with workload proof under blockchain incentive mechanism will face an economic problem of continuous power on state
It is difficult to establish an ecological network with IPFs as the core under the influence of technical problems The ecological application space ofIPFs is quite limited, and the project interaction speed realized by IPFs protocol is also very slow. Of course, it has a direct relationship with the number of nodes and the distance of calling
you can think of sending the intercepted URL short message, and then provide the specific location to intercept
this is a historic moment for RMB, and it will become the biggest economic event in 2015 and go down in history
wait! So mysterious, what is SDR? What is the significance of RMB joining SDR? What's the impact on you and me? If you want to know the answers to these questions, go on
what is SDR? For example, "paper gold"
SDR was born in 1969 and created by IMF. It is called special drawing right in English and special drawing right in Chinese. It is a potential claim of IMF members on freely available currency quotas
don't understand? In fact, it is a kind of supplementary international reserve asset, the unit of account of IMF and other international organizations, also known as "paper gold"< In other words, SDR is not a power, but a reserve currency, which is similar to gold dollar and can be used as a country's foreign exchange reserve
If a country's currency becomes the currency of SDR, it will be regarded as the world's currency, which has a worldwide storage function. At present, the currencies in the SDR basket include the US dollar, the euro, the British pound and the Japanese yen
the IMF evaluates the SDR basket every five years. In general, it adjusts the weights of currencies in the basket and considers the inclusion of other currencies. So far, the only currency replacement in the SDR basket occurred in 1999, when the euro replaced the German mark and French franc
the IMF's adoption of RMB as a new member of the SDR basket is equivalent to a "3A" for RMB by the international community. Although the weight of RMB in SDR may be lower than expected, there are still opportunities for RMB under the five-year assessment
what is the significance of RMB being included in SDR? Some people may ask: SDR can't be seen, can't be touched, and can't be spent. What's the benefit of RMB joining SDR for China
RMB's accession to SDR, however, is the first time that the IMF has used an emerging economy currency as a reserve currency, which will greatly enhance the position of RMB in the international monetary arena. China will gain a greater voice in the future world economic activities, which is of great symbolic significance< Of course, the benefits of BR / > are not only symbolic. From the domestic perspective, China's accession to the SDR will catalyze domestic financial reform. China's asset prices will graally become international, and asset bubbles will graally be resolved.
from an international point of view, joining the SDR means that RMB has become the world currency in the true sense, and has become the official currency of more than 180 member countries of the International Monetary Fund. The internationalization of RMB will cross a big hurdle< Some analysts say that if China's accession to the WTO promotes the development of China's export-oriented economy, then China's accession to the SDR may finally make a firm foothold in the international financial arena
the Great Wall was not built in a day, and the successful incorporation of RMB into SDR is also a new beginning. A convertible and freely usable international currency is the goal RMB will strive for in the next five years
Central Bank response:
the people's Bank of China welcomes the decision of the Executive Board of the IMF to include RMB in the SDR basket, which affirms the achievements of China's economic development and reform and opening up. China appreciates the hard work of the IMF's management and staff in the SDR review process and the support of the majority of Member States. The entry of RMB into SDR will help to enhance the representativeness and attractiveness of SDR and improve the current international monetary system, which is a win-win result for China and the world. The entry of RMB into SDR also means that the international community has more expectations for China to play a positive role in the international economic and financial arena. China will continue to unswervingly push forward the strategic deployment of comprehensively deepening reform, accelerate financial reform and opening up, and make positive contributions to promoting global economic growth, maintaining global financial stability and improving global economic governance
how does RMB joining SDR affect you and me? How does RMB joining SDR affect you and me? Before that, some people had been worried that RMB's inclusion in SDR would lead to RMB's "diving" and devaluation
in this regard, experts said that at present, there is no sign of large-scale or lasting depreciation of RMB. Yi Gang, vice governor of the central bank, also said earlier this month that after the RMB is included in the SDR, it will remain stable at a reasonable and balanced level
in fact, the inclusion of RMB into SDR can increase the recognition and confidence of the international market for RMB, rece the pressure of RMB devaluation, and help the people of our country to have a stronger RMB
apart from the exchange rate, what other impact will it have on you and me? With more benefits coming, it is no longer a dream for one coin to go around the world
it's easier to travel abroad“ The "go, go" tourism will no longer be a dream. Traveling and shopping abroad can be settled directly in RMB. There is no need to exchange foreign exchange, and there is no need to worry about exchange rate costs and risks
it is more convenient to buy houses and speculate in stocks abroad. Want to buy a house abroad? It can be settled directly in RMB. Do you want to invest in foreign stocks? Indivial cross-border investment is more free and convenient
trade settlement is more advantageous. Enterprises' import and export commodities and cross-border transaction investment can be priced in RMB, which reces the exchange rate risk and exchange cost. It will become history to worry about the fluctuation of the US dollar<
Introction to mien international
mien international has been operating in China for more than 10 years, focusing on Australian real estate investment, and is the best Australian real estate investment service provider in Greater China. The headquarters in China is located in the central area of CBD in Beijing, while the overseas headquarters are located in Brisbane, Australia. In a few short years, we have become the leading leader in the domestic Australian real estate investment instry
we always adhere to the concept of "specialization of whole process service, internationalization of information consultation, maximization of investment value-added and publicity of consultation fees"; According to the work guideline of "careful planning, full investigation, scientific analysis and safe implementation", we provide the best service for customers. Through their own professional ability and strong strength, let customers get rich returns from the market.
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the purpose of this framework agreement is to stipulate the main contract terms of a's investment in B, which is only for negotiation
this framework agreement does not constitute a legally binding agreement between the investor and the company, but the "confidentiality clause"] "exclusive clause" and "management fee" are legally binding. This Agreement shall be legally binding on the parties after the investor has completed the e diligence and obtained the approval of the investment committee and notified the company in writing (including e-mail). The notifying party shall try its best to conclude, sign and approve the investment contract in accordance with the provisions of this agreement
exclusivity clause
exclusivity clause stipulates an exclusive lock-in period for target enterprise B to trade with investor a. During this period, B cannot negotiate similar transactions with other investors. In venture capital business, the lock-in period may be only 60 days; In a merger and acquisition business, the lock-in period can be very long
confidentiality clause
the confidentiality clause in the letter of intent and the confidentiality agreement stipulate different confidentiality contents. The main provision of this clause is that no party shall disclose the contents of the transaction and the opinions of any party to any person without the consent of all parties. For those confidential information that other parties do not have and are not known to the public in advance, all parties shall promise to use such information only for the purpose of transaction, and try their best to prevent such confidential information from being obtained by other people by illegal means. Each party shall also guarantee that it will only provide confidential information to relevant employees and professional consultants, and inform them of their confidentiality obligations while providing confidential information
advance work
in this part, we should record the premise of bilateral transaction. The most important thing is whether the seller has the right to sell the equity of the target enterprise. If there is a right, it should be explained how the right is obtained
schele
in the framework agreement, the schele of the whole transaction should be specified. Generally, the schele consists of three main phases. The first stage is that a injects capital into B; The second stage is the cooperation between a and B to promote the value of B; The third stage is that after a quits, a and B should also work together to establish a long-term friendly strategic cooperative relationship and promote the further development of B. The content of the third stage is mainly to pave the way for further cooperation in the future. But the first two stages are very important for a and B
investment terms
this kind of terms mainly stipulates the total amount of investment, price, etc., and usually includes the following terms
1. Investment amount
this clause stipulates the total amount of investment, the number of shares purchased, and the proportion of these shares in the total number of shares after dilution. In addition, the form of acquisition of shares should be specified in this clause. Because investors may not always be able to inject capital in the way of purchasing common stocks, the tools that investors can choose can also be preferred stocks, convertible bonds or just loans. Even ordinary shares may be restricted ordinary shares, which should be explained. As common stock has the most extensive rights, in the next part, we will take common stock investment as an example to set up this framework agreement
2. Purchase price
in this clause, we should point out the purchase price of each share of the investor and the stock price of B before and after the investment
3. Value adjustment clause
this clause will stipulate: if B can achieve certain business performance within the specified period, then a will reward the initial owner of B with a certain proportion of equity; If B can't, then B will transfer a certain proportion of equity to a at a symbolic price or free of charge
4. Delivery conditions
this clause stipulates the conditions for delivery by both parties. The investor shall conct the investment in accordance with the investment agreement acceptable to both a and B. in addition to the appropriate and general representations, guarantees and commitments made by B, other contents may also be included
5. Delivery date
the delivery date is the date when a officially becomes the shareholder of B through the necessary instrial and commercial registration< In order to protect their own interests, investors usually obtain certain rights for themselves in the agreement
1. The right to increase capital
mainly endows investor a with such a right; In the future, investor a has the right to buy a certain number of shares from enterprise B at an agreed price. This is a right, so a has the right to enforce and not to enforce
2. Dividend distribution right
this clause is to avoid the adverse impact of B's excessive distribution of profits on a's investment value. It is generally stipulated that if the distributable profit does not reach a certain proportion of the total investment of investors, B shall not distribute the profit without the written approval of A
3. Liquidation right
this clause aims to protect a's investment interests when B goes into bankruptcy liquidation. Usually, in bankruptcy liquidation, a will get a priority quota over other equity holders. This amount can be set as a certain proportion of a's total investment. When investor a gets the preferential quota, the remaining part will be distributed to all shareholders including a according to the proportion of equity
4. Redemption right
this right aims to solve the problem that investors can not withdraw after several years of investment. This provision stipulates that investor a has the right to sell its shares to B at a certain price at any time after a certain number of years after the completion of the settlement. Generally, this price is the one with higher value in the following two cases: first, the net assets of a's shares as reflected in the latest financial statements of B; In the second case, the total investment of a to B plus the capital increase of a to B plus the total interest calculated at a certain annual interest rate (usually 15% - 20%) from the above investment to the redemption date
if B is unable to pay the amount of the redeemed shares, then B is obliged to pay the amount as soon as possible. If B's cash is insufficient to pay, then a's equity will automatically be converted into one-year commercial paper (interest can be specified)
moreover, a still has the right to remain a director on B's board of directors until B completes the redemption
5. Anti dilution clause
this clause will protect investor a from losses caused by the fact that the valuation when B issues additional shares is lower than that when a invests in B. It is usually stipulated in this clause: when B issues additional shares, the valuation of the company is lower than that of the company corresponding to a, and a has the right to obtain a certain proportion of additional equity free of charge or at a symbolic price from the initial owner of enterprise B or B
6. The preemptive right of new shares
this clause will ensure that investors will not rece the proportion of controlling shares e to the issuance of new shares. In this clause, it is usually stipulated that investors have the right of preemption when issuing new shares, and the price and conditions are the same as other investors
7. Most favorable terms
this term is used to ensure that investor a is in a favorable position in the cooperation of investor B. In this clause, it is usually stipulated that if B has more favorable terms in future financing or existing financing than the transaction with a, then a has the right to enjoy the same preferential terms
8. The right of first refusal and the right of joint sale
in this clause, investor a is given such rights; If other equity investors plan to transfer equity to a third party, then investor a has the following rights:; Investor a has the right to prohibit such transactions; Investor a has the right to sell shares to a third party on the same terms
however, the clause should stipulate that the equity transfer of investor a is not within this limit. Moreover, investor a does not have to bear the obligation of giving priority to other ordinary investors in equity transfer
9. Listing registration right
this clause will avoid the loss caused by investor a's inability to transfer shares after listing in enterprise B according to the law
in this clause, it is usually stipulated that if investor a is unable to transfer the shares within a certain period of time (such as after 4 years of IPO or 8 years after the delivery date), other shareholders of enterprise B should, at the request of investor a, sell or not sell the shares they hold as little as possible
if B needs to restructure and a needs to give up some rights, then investor a has the right to recover the lost rights and interests if the company still fails to realize IPO within a certain period of time after B's restructuring
10. Lock in
this clause stipulates that the original investor or shareholding manager of enterprise B shall not transfer its shares to a third party without the written consent of investor a. Even if the shareholding manager is no longer employed by the company, he still needs to fulfill this obligation
11. Put right
this clause will give investor a the right to sell enterprise B if enterprise B fails to be listed within the specified time. In this case, other investors have no right to raise objection
12. Information right
as long as investor a holds the shares of enterprise B, enterprise B should provide a with information in the form approved by A. This includes monthly financial reports, budget reports, copies of all documents or information provided to shareholders and information provided to other persons, the public or regulatory bodies
13. Board seats and protective clause
in this clause, it should be stipulated that investor a can insert a certain number of directors into the board of directors of enterprise B. The protective clause stipulates that B's transaction needs to be supported by a considerable proportion of equity, otherwise it has no right to carry out the transaction
14. Waiver of rights
this clause specifies under what circumstances investor a will give up the above rights. It is usually stipulated that if enterprise B can be listed and the share price is above a certain level, investor a will give up the above rights
but usually, even in this case, investors' information rights and listing registration rights will not be lost
transaction clause
transaction clause stipulates some licensing and restrictions on enterprise B's behavior
1. Purpose of the proceeds
this clause will specify the scope within which enterprise B can use the funds. Usually, the investment capital can only be used for business expansion, R & D investment or as working capital with the permission of investor a
2. Employee and board options
this article is designed to specify how enterprise B uses the option award. Generally, investor a allows enterprise B to reserve a certain proportion of shares as future rewards to employees and directors. Investor a's restriction on B in this clause is that investors should avoid B transferring the assets of the enterprise at a low price by way of option reward, or dispersing a's influence on B's board of directors. Therefore, according to the most favorable terms and anti dilution terms, the exercise price of the equity granted by B should not be lower than the price given to A. at the same time, when these options are granted, a's directors in B should also obtain a considerable proportion, so as to maintain their position in the board of directors after the exercise
3. Management fee clause
management fee clause is a matter of who will pay the expenses incurred in the transaction. According to the Convention, the enterprise will pay the e diligence fees and the fees for hiring lawyers, accountants, appraisers, translators and other professionals to complete all the documents. Investors usually bear the costs of investment decisions, such as the fees paid to consultants and experts, consulting fees