Ethereum utxo

1. At the top of Ethereum is DAPP. It exchanges with the smart contract layer through Web3. JS. All smart contracts run on EVM (Ethereum virtual machine) and use RPC calls. Below EVM and RPC are the four core contents of Ethereum, including: blockchain, consensus algorithm, mining and network layer. Except DAPP, all other parts are in the Ethereum client. The most popular Ethereum client is geth (go Ethereum)

2. Introction to seven core technologies of blockchain operation on January 15, 2018
1. Blockchain links
as the name suggests, blockchain is a chain composed of blocks. Each block is divided into block head and block body (including transaction data). The block head includes the prevhash value (also known as hash value) of the previous block used to realize the block link and the random number (nonce) used to calculate the mining difficulty. The hash value of the previous block is actually the hash value of the head of the previous block, and the random number calculation rule determines which miner can obtain the right to record the block
2. Consensus mechanism
blockchain is accompanied by the birth of bitcoin, which is the basic technology architecture of bitcoin. Blockchain can be understood as an Internet-based decentralized accounting system. A decentralized digital currency system like bitcoin requires the consistency of accounting of honest nodes without a central node, which needs blockchain to complete. Therefore, the core of blockchain technology is a consensus mechanism to reach a consensus on the legitimacy of transactions between indivials without mutual trust without central control
there are four main types of consensus mechanisms in blockchain: pow, POS, dpos and distributed consistency algorithm
3. Unlocking script
script is an important technology to realize automatic verification and contract execution on blockchain. Every output of every transaction does not point to an address in the strict sense, but to a script. A script is like a set of rules that constrain how the receiver can spend the asset locked on the output
the validation of transactions also depends on scripts. At present, it depends on two kinds of scripts: Lock script and unlock script. Locking script is a condition added to the output transaction, which is realized by a script language and located in the output of the transaction. The unlocking script corresponds to the locking script. Only when the conditions required by the locking script are met can the assets corresponding to the script be spent, which is located in the input of the transaction. Many flexible conditions can be expressed by script language. Interpretation script is similar to the "virtual machine" in our programming field, which runs in every node of the blockchain network in a distributed way
4. Transaction rules
blockchain transaction is not only the basic unit of a block, but also the actual effective content recorded by the blockchain. A blockchain transaction can be a transfer, or the deployment of smart contracts and other transactions
as far as bitcoin is concerned, a transaction refers to a single payment transfer. The transaction rules are as follows:
1) the input and output of the transaction cannot be empty
2) for each input of a transaction, if its corresponding utxo output can be found in the current transaction pool, the transaction will be rejected. Because the current transaction pool is the transaction not recorded in the blockchain, and each input of the transaction should come from the confirmed utxo. If it is found in the current trading pool, it is Shuanghua trading
3) for each input in a transaction, the corresponding output must be utxo
4) each input unlocking script must verify the compliance of the transaction together with the corresponding output locking script
5. Transaction priority
the priority of blockchain transaction is determined by the blockchain protocol rules. For bitcoin, the priority of a transaction to be included in a block is determined by the time when the transaction is broadcast to the network and the amount of the transaction. With the increase of transaction broadcast time on the network and the increase of transaction chain age, the priority of transaction will be improved and eventually be included by the block. For Ethereum, the priority of the transaction is also related to the transaction fee that the publisher is willing to pay. The higher the transaction fee that the publisher is willing to pay, the higher the priority that the transaction is included in the block
6. Merkle proof
the original application of Merkle proof is bitcoin, which was described and created by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2009. Bitcoin blockchain uses Merkle proof to store transactions in each block. So that the transaction can not be tampered with, but also easy to verify whether the transaction is included in a specific block
7. RLP
RLP (recursive length prefix) is one of the main encoding methods of object serialization in Ethereum. Its purpose is to encode the sequence of arbitrary nested binary data.

3. virtual currency, or more formally, digital currency. Although it carries the words of currency, it should be a kind of digital financial asset. Its value comes from the application of blockchain technology in payment, clearing, notarization, digital verification and other aspects, which brings efficiency improvement and cost rection
as you can understand it, it's like the stock of these technology service providers. As these technologies become more and more widely used, these virtual coins will become more and more valuable
bitcoin, which appeared in 2009, is the first kind of virtual currency in the world. It is also the first time that it has applied the blockchain technology which is popular all over the world
after bitcoin, there are many imitators in the market. They either improved on the basis of bitcoin, or put forward more grand technical ideas than bitcoin. Virtual currency, which is common in other markets and considered as "regular army" by instry insiders, is collectively referred to as competitive currency. Together with bitcoin, it forms the whole digital currency market, with a total market value of nearly 100 billion US dollars
there are thousands of virtual currencies in the market, most of which are risky; In addition, there are many MLM coins that are simply for the purpose of deceiving people< In order to help you avoid being cheated, the following is a brief introction to the main "regular army":
1. Bitcoin (BTC)
bitcoin is the first virtual currency in the world, with a total of 21 million. At present, more than 16 million bitcoins have been "g up", with a total market value of about US $45 billion, equivalent to half of the total market value of all virtual coins. It is well deserved to be the number one in the coin circle
bitcoin has been accepted as payment currency by hundreds of thousands of businesses around the world; In addition, bitcoin has also become a common money raising currency in various blockchain technology startups. Therefore, with the increasing demand for bitcoin, the value of bitcoin is likely to grow in the long run
2. Eth is regarded as "bitcoin version 2.0" and is the most likely competitor to surpass the market value of bitcoin. Some time ago, the market value of bitcoin was close to that of bitcoin. However, e to the price rection in the recent month, the market value of bitcoin is only about half of that of bitcoin
Ethernet coin was born in the summer of 2014. It is issued on the Ethereum blockchain, which is different from bitcoin. Ethereum blockchain is a decentralized application platform, which solves the problems of bitcoin's technical limitation in currency application and insufficient function expansion, so it has great technical advantages
3. Bitcash (BCH)
BCH inherits a small part of bitcoin's legacy, the name of bitcoin's cash is also good, and the image logo also inherits a part of bitcoin. The ecology of BCH is also good
BCH pursues to be a world currency and an underlying platform for chain application. BCH is actively deploying the main chain expansion and developing the two-tier network to realize the ideal
the whole ecology should be made efforts from two aspects. The first direction is the expansion of the main chain, payment experience and function improvement. Capacity expansion is the guarantee to keep the certainty of monetary transaction fees very low. Improving the payment experience, including popularizing zero confirmation, pre consensus, and possibly shortening block time, are all evolving towards a better payment experience. The main chain function is perfect, including Op_ Return expansion, token issuance, new opcode addition
with the expansion of BCH main chain function, BCH based applications can be developed. The most famous are the decentralized microblog like memo, the paid download seed application like joystream, and the decentralized encrypted communication like Keyport
the second direction is to develop layer-2 network. Build a new blockchain based on BCH network, such as wormhole and kenoken, which are similar to Ethereum network based on BCH. BCH undertakes more complex block chain functions, such as notification contract, through two-layer network. The competition direction of BCH layer 2 network is to compete with the side chain of BTC
4. Lightning bitcoin (LBTC)
bitcoin has been developing for 10 years. In this decade, bitcoin has experienced three important splits, and now it has become four kinds of currencies. The first is BTC, which has inherited most of bitcoin's heritage; The second is BCH; The third is BSV and the fourth is LBTC
LBTC was born to break the power monopoly of big miner and bitcoin core bitcoin, introce more new features and functions for bitcoin, and greatly improve its performance. Lightning bitcoin (LBTC) is a peer-to-peer e-cash system, which is an innovative experiment based on bitcoin. It uses the dpos consensus mechanism based on utxo to separate the voting right and accounting right, so that the token will not be kidnapped by any party. It is a global value Internet transmission protocol with high speed, low handling charge and high scalability. Due to the adoption of dpos consensus mechanism, users can participate without professional mining machines, achieving real decentralization
the above four are the most mainstream bifurcated versions of bitcoin protocol. They are also investment procts that can realize your desire of soaring wealth. Senior managers can play with them, but the premise is that you need to be prepared for huge losses - because they are very volatile
for Xiao, I would like to say: Although virtual currency is a secret weapon for ordinary people to counter attack the sudden wealth, it's very difficult for you to make a lot of money from it
in addition, at present, the price of virtual bitcoin is at a high level, and it can not be ruled out that it will mainly be sideways in 2019. At this time, I think it is a good choice to some other mainstream bifurcation currencies, such as BCH, BSV and LBTC.

4. Can invest, I have invested for three months, the daily profit is very considerable

5.
investment in bitcoin is not so profitable now. All the financial procts I know belong to usury, and those with an annual rate of more than 24% are generally not protected by the state. As far as I know, the monthly profit of 30% are all pyramid schemes, such as BBT mint
of course, maybe you will refute me, because you do get the benefits, but if you don't get the benefits, will you invest more money, or will you pull the head? This can go to the network about the Ponzi scheme.

6. Take a look at which clan you belong to. Each clan digs different mines in Gao'an. However, mining in Gao'an can not meet the demand of monthly cards. Therefore, it is suggested that LZ join the 00 Legion as soon as possible to have safe and efficient mining sites as well as mining bonus.

7. Tomb Raider 9 1080 resolution has the highest image quality, and the special effects are fully open at about 40 frames
Tomb Raider 10 1080 resolution has the special effects at about 35 frames
that's the level.

8. Tiktok is sold on WeChat, and the electricity supplier is selling on the Kwai live platform. The last two don't know.

9. If the 270 graphics card is rated enough, the full load will be 150W, but the 270x is certainly not enough, and the Shanzhai power supply is absolutely not good. In addition, it depends on whether the 12V output is enough. The best power supply is from a famous factory