Ethereum infinite

1. Eth is a kind of digital token of Ethereum, which is regarded as "bitcoin version 2.0". It adopts the blockchain technology "Ethereum", which is different from bitcoin. It is an open-source public blockchain platform with intelligent contract results, and a resonance network composed of tens of thousands of computers around the world. Developers need to pay eth to support the application. Like other digital currencies, ether currency can be bought and sold on the trading platform

warm tips: the above explanations are for reference only, without any suggestions. There are risks in entering the market, so investment should be cautious. Before making any investment, you should make sure that you fully understand the nature of the investment and the risks involved in the proct. After a detailed understanding and careful evaluation of the proct, you can judge whether to participate in the transaction
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2.

Blockchain includes public blockchain, joint (instry) blockchain and private blockchain. Public chain point-to-point e-cash system: bitcoin, smart contract and decentralized application platform: Ethereum

blockchain is a new application mode of distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other computer technologies

blockchain is an important concept of bitcoin. In essence, it is a decentralized database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated by using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of bitcoin network transaction information, Used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block

extended data

according to the different degree of blockchain network centralization, three kinds of blockchains under different application scenarios are differentiated:

1. The blockchain with the whole network open and without user authorization mechanism is called public chain

2. The authorized nodes are allowed to join the network, and the information can be viewed according to the authority. It is often used in the inter agency blockchain, which is called alliance chain or instry chain

3. All the nodes in the network are in the hands of one organization, which is called private chain

alliance chain and private chain are also called licensing chain, and public chain is called non licensing chain

blockchain features

1, decentralization. Blockchain technology does not rely on additional third-party management institutions or hardware facilities, and there is no central control. In addition to the self-contained blockchain itself, each node realizes information self verification, transmission and management through distributed accounting and storage. Decentralization is the most prominent and essential feature of blockchain

2. Openness. Blockchain technology is based on open source. In addition to the private information of all parties involved in the transaction is encrypted, the data of blockchain is open to everyone. Anyone can query blockchain data and develop related applications through the open interface, so the information of the whole system is highly transparent

3. Independence. Based on consensus specifications and Protocols (similar to various mathematical algorithms such as hash algorithm used by bitcoin), the whole blockchain system does not rely on other third parties, and all nodes can automatically and safely verify and exchange data in the system without any human intervention

4. Safety. As long as 51% of all data nodes cannot be controlled, the network data cannot be arbitrarily manipulated and modified, which makes the blockchain itself relatively safe and avoids subjective and artificial data changes

5. Anonymity. Unless there are legal requirements, technically speaking, the identity information of each block node does not need to be disclosed or verified, and the information can be transferred anonymously

3.

They are:

bitcoin

the concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto in 2009. According to Nakamoto's ideas, the open source software was designed and released, and the P2P network was built on it. Bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system

bitcoin cash

bitcoin cash is a new version of bitcoin with different configurations launched by a small number of bitcoin developers

extended data:

virtual currency refers to non real currency. Well known virtual currency, such as network company's network currency, Tencent company's Q currency, Q point, Shanda company's voucher, Sina's Micro currency (used for micro games, Sina reading, etc.), chivalrous Yuanbao (used for chivalrous road game), silver pattern (used for bixue Qingtian game)

the popular digital currencies in 2013 are bitcoin, Leyte coin, infinite coin, quark coin, zeta coin, BBQ coin, pennies (Internet), invisible gold bar, red coin and prime currency. At present, hundreds of digital currencies are issued all over the world. Popular in the circle & quot; The legend of "bitcoin, Wright silver, infinite copper, pennies aluminum"

4.

In the past year, the number of cryptocurrencies has been growing rapidly, including bitcoin led cryptocurrencies focusing on payment and Ethereum led functional cryptocurrencies focusing on infrastructure. No matter what kind of cryptocurrency you are optimistic about, the most important thing you are concerned about is the rise of the currency price. However, in the process of many currency price rises and falls, the most important thing is the rise of the currency price, There is a type of cryptocurrency that is most sought after by investors. That is the trading points launched inside the trading platform, which is also known as platform currency

the BC points of bgj.io, the money manager, will be sold to the public from May 3, with a total amount of 60 million pieces and a daily quota of 8 million pieces for seven days. The sales of 300000 pieces in a single account will be limited. As of May 9, all of them have been snapped up. It can be seen that money friends are very optimistic about the points of this platform. I believe every senior investor has heard or experienced the grand competition of HT. On January 26, the amount of ht28.56 million was robbed in 32 seconds! The players who get it are jubilant, while those who don't get it are dejected. Why are platform points so popular? In fact, it's very simple. Just refer to coin an's BNB. According to the data of coin market cap platform, the global average price of BNB at the beginning of its issuance was US $0.1, which rose to US $2.6 in less than a month, up 26 times! In addition to the currency price income, the platform will also give fixed dividend income to the platform currency holders. Take coin an as an example, the daily dividend of coin an is as high as more than 20 million yuan. However, when these well-known platform currencies rise to the present, it is not meaningful to buy them again, because the space for currency price rise is extremely limited. Today, Xiaobian will dig out a high-quality platform currency and exchange for you - currency Manager (bgJ. IO) and platform integral BC (guanjiayuan), so as to give you more investment options

Xiaobian learned about the exchange because the platform recently launched its own platform, coin BC. As a "steady" old leek, he is very interested in the platform points launched by various exchanges. After a detailed understanding of the exchange, he thinks that the platform has great potential, In particular, the sales and dividend model of the platform's points make Xiaobian's eyes bright. The following Xiaobian lists several highlights of the exchange based on the information she inquires, so that investors can judge the pros and cons by themselves

the first bright spot: the steady growth of user volume

as a blockchain asset trading platform, coin housekeeper was officially launched in March. Although the launch time was short, coin housekeeper has accumulated hundreds of thousands of users in more than one month. And it is understood that the daily growth of money manager's user registration is stable at 70% - 85%. In such a competitive situation of the exchange, it is not easy for a new exchange to have such a large number of user growth in a short time, which is enough to show that the trading platform has at least achieved the ultimate in user experience<

the second bright spot: the highest platform bonus in all exchanges

money manager recently launched the platform bonus BC (family currency), with a total issue of 200 million pieces (never increasing), of which 100 million pieces were locked for one to three years, and released in batches in three years after the platform was launched for one year. In order to ensure the currency deflation, the platform promised that after the platform was launched for one year, Every quarter, 20% of the profit will be used for BC repurchase to ensure that there will be no more than 100 million pcs in the market, which is similar to coin an's BNB

the biggest difference between BC and BNB is that all users holding BC will participate in the dividend except for the locking part of the platform, and the dividend proportion is 80% of the monthly transaction fee profit of the platform! According to the announcement of the platform, this substantial profit transfer is in the hope that the whole people will hold shares and jointly promote the development of money management. And in the later dividend process, adjust the dividend date at any time according to the number of users and profit status, and carry out dividend every week or every day. Coin an's daily dividend can be as high as more than 20 million. Over time, the daily dividend amount of BC, which has the largest dividend strength, should be more exaggerated

the third bright spot: BC's unlimited rising space

no matter what kind of platform currency, there are few on-line currencies that don't rise, and they all soar, which is a tacit fact in the currency circle, because platform currency reflects the strength and reputation of an exchange. BNB (currency security currency), at the beginning of its launch, was US $0.1, only 10 months after it was launched, with a maximum increase of 245 times. At present, the currency price is US $13.76, even though it has dropped a lot, it has also increased 138 times compared with the original

the development path of BC is similar to BNB in many aspects, including the amount of currency issued and the quarterly repurchase ratio. The only difference is that BC has greater dividend strength and is more friendly to ordinary investors

for users, they can pay transaction fees and enjoy a certain discount after purchasing BC. In addition, you can give priority to experience some new functions and have exclusive activities. With the continuous expansion of money manager business, BC will also undertake the function of legal money circulation. Users with BC can purchase cryptocurrency without handling charge and without the influence of block confirmation speed, and further enjoy platform dividends and share platform profits

in a word, whether BC can rise or not depends on the earning power of money manager platform. Money manager can stand out from many competitors and maintain stable user growth every day, relying on good user experience, excellent exchange currency, professional and responsible customer service attitude and maximum dividend mode. With the increase of transaction volume and profit of money manager platform, there is no doubt that BC will rise in the future. According to the current development trend of money manager, 100 times BC is not impossible

5. When I first answered this question, it was on the 70th day of the crowdfunding period of EOS (a crowdfunding day of EOS is 23 hours). At that time, there was a lot of sadness under this answer, because it had dropped from the high of $3 in the initial crowdfunding period to nearly $0.50. When I started talking, there was little attention. In the next two months, the subscription price of EOS has been hovering around this position. If we follow up the subscription, one eth can get about 500 EOS, then the revenue should exceed most of the participants

reviewing the financing of EOS, we not only set many records of ICO, but also a significant milestone in the whole history of open market financing. During the 350 day subscription cycle, 200000 people participated in ICO, accumulating 7.2 million ether coins. According to the market price of the day, the total amount reached US $4.3 billion, which is close to the total IPO amount of Google (US $2.7 billion) and twitter (US $2.1 billion). It is the largest ICO in history so far. It's very worthwhile to make a comprehensive summary. I very much hope that what I write can penetrate the surface of the facts, catch the essence hidden behind, and become a part of historical records

EOS's ICO uses Ethereum's smart contract to complete the automatic subscription and allocation of funds. There is no middleman, and there is no role of investment bank and underwriter of traditional securities listing. This is a primary market. The total number of EOS coins is 1 billion, of which 900 million are distributed to subscribers and 100 million are reserved by block.one. All the funds obtained from the subscription belong to block.one company. Meanwhile, according to the subscription agreement, these funds directly become the profits of the company, and there is no other responsibility and obligation relationship with the subscribers, nor the responsibility and obligation to maintain and develop the EOS software and network. The main network of EOS will be launched by the loosely organized technology forum community, The network operation funds are automatically generated by the code rules, and new EOS tokens are issued to pay to the block procer nodes

in the process of ICO, the secondary market (exchange) is fully opened at the same time. After the completion of the subscription in the primary market, the general financing will enter the secondary market for a period of time. However, the financing cycle is as long as 350 days. The obtained Ethereum EOS token can enter the secondary market for circulation on the same day, resulting in a large number of turnover transactions, The prices of the two markets fluctuated simultaneously

after the end of ICO, the total market value of EOS was US $11 billion, ranking fifth in the list of digital currencies. BCH (US $17 billion), which is closer to fourth place, is more than twice as big as ripple (US $24 billion), which is third place. Compared with the total funding of $4.3 billion, according to the popular view of ICO, it is only three times as much

6. Wuhan Xiaohuan technology can search

7.

first, smart contracts are so good that they are not useless

smart contracts. As the name suggests, smart contracts refer to contracts that can be executed automatically by computer code; Ethereum virtual machine is used to execute smart contract; Smart account is the carrier that smart contract can be executed. In other words, smart account, this "account" can be controlled by Ethereum virtual machine. According to what control, according to smart contract

there is no free lunch in the world. The smart contract function is so good that it's not useless. When you trade in Ethereum, you have to pay the miner's handling charge. So what's the handling charge you have to pay on Ethereum system, and what's the relationship between

gas and handling charge

2. What's the matter with Ethereum gas

Ethereum gas is similar to automobile fuel. It needs Ethereum gas to drive smart contract. Gas is an English word, Chinese meaning: gas, gasoline, this thing in daily life, is a consumable. Why does Ethereum proce fuel

what is the meaning of gas in Ethereum? In fact, Ethereum's gas is closely related to transaction costs. Ethereum transaction needs service charge. This gas is the calculation mode of service charge of Ethereum

in the setting of Ethereum, the transaction fee is similar to an encrypted fuel, namely gas, which can drive the movement of smart contracts. When Ethereum executes transactions on the blockchain, the fuel will be graally consumed according to the rules of the characteristics

from this point of view, gas is really the same as its original intention, like automobile fuel. If you want to start a car, you must need fuel

What is the difference between the transaction fees of Ethereum gas and bitcoin In essence, Ethereum is a virtual machine, which is decentralized and controlled by people all over the world, forming a "world-class computing network". When you send a token, execute a contract, transfer Ethereum, or do other things on the block, the computer needs to calculate when processing the transaction, which consumes network resources. In this way, you have to pay the "gas" to get the computer to work for you and the miners to process the transaction for you

generally, the higher the gas price the sender is willing to pay, the greater the value the miners get from the transaction, and the more likely the miners are to choose the transaction. In this way, miners are free to choose to trade. In order to set the gas price for the sender as a reference, miners can directly put forward the lowest gas price they need to execute the transaction

How to calculate the gas consumption of Ethereum

when Ethereum virtual machine processes transactions, Virtual Opportunities process one by one according to the operation instructions determined in the transaction, and each operation instruction has a specified gas consumption

Ethereum system stipulates two accounts: one is normal account and the other is smart account

for ordinary transfer transaction, that is to call "normal account", the required gas is fixed 21000

when calling "smart account", because the complexity of smart contract is different, the required gas is also different. The more resources (computation, memory, etc.) used to process transactions, the more gas will be needed. For example, an addition operation will consume 3gas. If more complex operations are performed, the more gas will be consumed

then you may ask a question: when a user's transaction involves a malicious smart contract, the contract is extremely complex, and the execution of the contract will consume unlimited fuel, what should we do? The solution of Ethereum system is: in order to avoid unlimited gas consumption caused by malicious

smart contract, the user needs to set the maximum allowable fuel consumption when sending the transaction, namely

gaslimit. In this way, even if there is a malicious smart contract, the worst case is only within the fuel consumption range specified by gaslimit

What is the relationship between Ethereum gas and transaction fees

on Ethereum, the service charge you pay is equal to gasprice times gasused

you can understand gasprice as the unit price of fuel and gasused as how many liters of fuel the car needs

for a car, if you say 20 yuan per liter of gasoline, 10000 liters of gasoline is 200000 yuan. For Ethereum, each

gas is 20 gigabytes (gigabytes is the unit of quantity of Ethereum currency), and 10000 gas is: 20 times 10000 equals 200000 gigabytes, 20000 gigabytes equals 0.0002 Ethereum, that is to say, the transaction procere is 0.0002 Ethereum

the specific exchange value is shown in the following table:

< p class = "ikqb_ image_ Please click to enter the description of the picture (Note: the basic unit of the quantity of ether coin is "Wei", and the quantity units of ether coin are "Wei", "FeNi" and "Ether", among which "Ether" is used as ordinary transaction“ "Fini" is used as micro trading“ "Saab" and "Wei" are used to carry out contract implementation on cost.) From this we can find that gas is not Ethereum, it is a separate system, its exchange rate and Ethereum into a certain proportion, after the proportion of exchange, the final formation of transaction costs

for specific exchange rate query, you can check the following website:

for details https://jin10086.github.io/etherconVerter/

both gas price and ether price are freely regulated by the market, but they are different in that the price of ether fluctuates according to the market situation, while the price of gas is determined by miners, If the price of fuel falls below the miners' minimum requirements, the miners refuse to process the deal. The separation of gas and Ethereum can protect the system from the possible fluctuation with the rapid change of Ethereum price

generally speaking, most miners will choose to give priority to their interests. When dealing with the transaction, they will arrange according to the gas price from high to low, and give priority to those with high gas price. If you are in a hurry to trade, you need to raise the gas price so that the miners can see you earlier; If you are not in a hurry, you just need to set a gas price, which is above the bottom line of gas price set by miners

How is gas obtained

in fact, gas is the ether coin purchased from the miner. The ether coin in the user's own account can purchase gas from the miner, and the Ethereum client will automatically purchase gas with Ethereum according to the specified maximum transaction expenditure limit

Where did gas go in the end

for each transaction, the initiator of the transaction must set the gas limit and gas price. Different operations will proce different gas costs. When the gas is used up, the miner will stop executing, and the gas used will be used as a reward to the miner. This will involve several situations:

the first situation is that if there is a surplus gas, the miner will stop executing, Then the remaining gas will be returned to the transaction initiator or the creator of the smart contract. For example, if I send an Ethereum to Yiyi, the gas limit I set is 50000, and the gas normally consumed is 21000, then the remaining 29000 that has not been consumed will be returned to me

in the second case, if the gas limit I set is too low, or the Ethereum in my account is not enough to pay for my gas consumption, then the transaction will be cancelled e to insufficient gas, and the gas used for calculation will not be returned to my account

in the third case, if the transaction fails, I have to pay the handling charge for the occupied computing resources

How to set a reasonable gas price

before each transaction, you can query this website to confirm the gas price to be set: https://ethGasstation.info/ To sum up, in this article, we mainly introce the gas and service charge of Ethereum: gas is equivalent to fuel oil. When you process transactions on Ethereum virtual machine, you will consume computing resources, that is, gas. On Ethereum, the service charge you pay is equal to gasprice multiplied by gasused, that is, the unit price of gas multiplied by the total amount of gas consumed. The complexity of the operation is different, and the cost of gas is also different. When the gas is used up, the miner will stop executing, and the gas used will be used as a reward to the miner. The miner will give priority to the trader with higher gas price