Leyte base

1.

In 2016, the global ranking of virtual currency is respectively as follows:

< H2 > bitcoin, Leyte, Ecuadorian, reborn, bitstock, doggy, Diablo, futurecoin, diandiancoin and Xingxing < H2 > first place: bitcoin

since its release in 2009, bitcoin has become the most well-known virtual currency. This virtual currency was developed by indivials or organizations under the pseudonym of "Nakamoto Tsung" (whose real identity has always been unknown), and is mainly used by online merchants. However, in recent years, some small physical merchants have begun to accept bitcoin payment. Through complex algorithms and a large number of computing resources, users can obtain bitcoin through "mining". Of course, they can also purchase bitcoin through exchanges or services like bitinstagnt and coinbase. The total amount of bitcoin that can be mined is about 21 million, while the current mining amount has exceeded 11 million. Bitcoin has attracted the attention of Western Union, MoneyGram and paypal. It is reported that these services are evaluating whether users are allowed to use bitcoin on their respective platforms

< H2 > second place: lightcoin

lightcoin is inspired by bitcoin (BTC) and has the same implementation principle in technology. The creation and transfer of lightcoin is based on an open source encryption protocol and is not managed by any central organization. Lightcoin aims to improve bitcoin. Compared with bitcoin, lightcoin has three significant differences. First, the lightcoin network can process a block every 2.5 minutes (instead of 10 minutes), so it can provide faster transaction confirmation. Second, the lightcoin network is expected to proce 84 million lightcoins, four times the amount of money issued by bitcoin network. Thirdly, the scrypt encryption algorithm first proposed by Colin Percival is used in lightcoin's workload proof algorithm, which makes it easier to mine lightcoin on ordinary computer than bitcoin. Each Leyte coin is divided into 100000000 smaller units, and the third place is defined by eight decimal places: Ecuadorian currency. In December 2014, Ecuador launched the "electronic currency system"

Ecuadorian currency, or EDC, which is a digital currency issued by the Central Bank of the government of Ecuador. In December 2014, the Ecuadorian market was launched, In 2015, the number of Ecuadorian currency members reached 500000, which will be recognized and sought after by investors after launching the European market and Asian market in 2015, and achieve a complete success. It will strongly launch the Chinese market at the end of September 2016, and will issue a limited number of 50 million pieces in China, which has a strong scarcity! This is an international hot topic with a wide range of admirers in the world. Historical currency is a kind of P2P digital code. Ecuadorian currency is not issued by a specific monetary institution. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on a specific algorithm. Ecuadorian currency economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions

decentralized encrypted digital currency has no issuing institution, and it does not belong to any indivial, institution, bank or country, so it cannot be shut down. Ecuadorian coin mining machine is mining 24 hours a day, and the extracted Ecuadorian coin can be traded through the trading platform to obtain profits. Ecuadorian coin mining refers to the scrypt algorithm, The process of collecting and sorting the transaction information that has not been recognized by Ecuadorian currency in the past period of time, broadcasting to all nodes in the whole network, and finally being recognized by all nodes and getting Ecuadorian currency. Mining is the only way to issue new currency, which plays an important role in issuing new currency, maintaining Ecuadorian payment function and ensuring system security

Like bitcoin, XRP is a digital currency based on Mathematics and cryptography. However, unlike bitcoin, XRP has no real purpose. XRP has the main function of bridging currency and ensuring security in ripple system, among which the function of ensuring security is indispensable, This requires that all gateways participating in this protocol must hold a small amount of XRP

in theory, gateways don't need to buy many xrps, and their prices are very cheap. One XRP is only 0.4 cent (as of March 14, 2015, its price has risen to about 1 cent). Like bitcoin, the number of xrps can not be "over issued" (the total number is 100 billion), but since a small amount of xrps will be destroyed in each transaction, it means that the number of xrps will graally decrease. If ripple protocol can become the global mainstream payment protocol, the gateway's demand for XRP will be more extensive - the demand is strong but the quantity is decreasing, which will lead to the appreciation of XRP

< H2 > fifth place: bitstocks

bitstocks adopt an architecture similar to bitcoin blockchain. In the bitcoin blockchain architecture, each transaction data must be written from the previous transaction data, and new outputs are generated almost at the same time to be used for future transaction data writing. Each stroke can only be used once under certain conditions. Each transaction output contains the balance information of bitcoin, proving that it can be used for future transactions. In order not to proce bitcoin out of nothing, the write value of the transaction must be greater than the output value

bitcoin uses a simple script language to evaluate the situation that the balance is insufficient when the transaction is output; However, most of the transaction output only needs the holder's encrypted signature

< H2 > sixth place: dogcoin

dogcoin, some people call it "dogcoin", was born on December 8, 2013, based on the scrypt algorithm, is the second largest virtual currency in the world after bitcoin in the number of users [1]. Digital currency is a global currency initiated by non-governmental organizations. It does not belong to a certain country, but belongs to the whole mankind. It has the advantages of fast global transfer. For example, it can remit money from China to the United States in a few seconds, with low cost, and the total amount will not be increased at will like legal money, so the total amount is relatively stable

after the launch of dogcoin system, e to the help of reddit (the doge content on this website overflows horribly), the traffic shows an explosive development. However, in two weeks, dogcoin has launched a special blog and forum, with a market value of 100 million as of June 9, 2015. Because there is no pre dig, dog coin distribution is fair, charity, reward culture is popular, and user development is amazing and rapid. On June 9, 2015, the number of Dog Coin client addresses was 1.6 million, more than five times that of Wright coin; The number of active client addresses is 196000 in bitcoin, 83000 in dogcoin and 11000 in lightcoin; There are more than 150000 foreign Twitter users, 1.7 times of bitcoin and 6 times of lightcoin. Facebook likes are the same as bitcoin, far more than lightcoin [2]. The daily real transaction volume has been ranked in the top three of virtual currency for a long time, which is still not as good as the result obtained before the big platform [3]. The biggest value of the enterprise Internet era is the huge number of users. It took one year for the user base of dogcoin to reach one third of the number of bitcoin users, and the seventh place is lightcoin, which is four times the number of bitcoin users. A special solution is one of the infinite (in fact, bitcoin is finite) solutions that can be obtained from the equations. Every particular solution can solve the equation and is unique[ 8] In the metaphor of RMB, black money is the serial number of RMB. If you know the serial number of a note, you have the note. The process of mining is to constantly seek the special solution of the equation system through huge amount of calculation. The equation system is designed to have only 22 million special solutions, so the upper limit of bitcoin is 22 million[ 8]

to mine the dark coin, you can download the special dark coin calculation tool, register various cooperative mine pool websites, fill the registered user name and password (miner user) into the calculation program, and then click the operation to officially start. After completing the installation of the darkcoin client, you can directly obtain a darkcoin address. When others pay, you only need to post the address to others, and you can pay through the same client. After installing the Black Coin client, it will distribute a private key and a public key. You need to back up your wallet data containing your private key to ensure that your property is not lost. Unfortunately, if the hard disk is completely formatted, the personal dark coin will be completely lost

2.

Dogecoin, known as "dogcoin / dogcoin", was born on December 8, 2013. Based on the crypt algorithm, dogecoin is the second largest virtual currency in the world after bitcoin in terms of number of users

digital currency is a global common currency initiated by non-governmental organizations. It does not belong to a certain country, but belongs to all mankind. It has the advantages of fast global transfer. For example, it can remit money from China to the United States in a few seconds, and the cost is low, and the total amount will not be increased at will like legal money, so the total amount is relatively stable

after the launch of dogcoin system, e to the help of reddit (the doge content on this website overflows horribly), the traffic shows an explosive development. However, in two weeks, dogcoin has launched a special blog and forum, with a market value of 100 million as of June 9, 2015

e to no pre digging, dog coin distribution is fair, charity and reward culture are popular, and the development of users is amazing and rapid. On June 9, 2015, the number of Dog Coin client addresses was 1.6 million, more than five times that of Wright coin; The number of active client addresses is 196000 in bitcoin, 83000 in dogcoin and 11000 in lightcoin

there are more than 150000 Twitter users abroad, which is 1.7 times of bitcoin and 6 times of lightcoin. Facebook likes the same as bitcoin, far more than lightcoin

the daily real transaction volume has been ranked in the top three of virtual currency for a long time, which is still not the same as before. The biggest value of the enterprise Internet era is the huge number of users. It took one year for the base number of dogcoin users to reach one third of the number of bitcoin users and four times of the number of lightcoin users

the main Dog Coin trading platforms in China are btc38, btctrade, bter, Jubi and btc100 [3], while in foreign countries, they are cryptsy, exmo, cex.io, bittrex, poloniex, hitbtc, Kraken, bitcoin Indonesia, coinsquare and allcoin [3]

in 2017, CCTV announced a list of 350 MLM organizations, including bitcoin, lightcoin, reborn coin, dogcoin and infinite coin

3. Based on a basket of freely convertible national currencies

4. Price statistics refers to the use of statistical methods to sort out and analyze the prices of various commodities and their changes, which is an important part of social and economic statistics. In the work period to do their own statistics to facilitate the accuracy with others or with customers

price index and price level. Commodity price is the monetary expression of commodity value, so as the price of a commodity, it can be seen and exchanged with the same amount of money. The total price level is the average price calculated by weighting all commodity prices with the same measurement factors, reflecting the total index of all commodities or categories of commodities in a certain region and period. Although it is an absolute number in mathematical form, it can be expressed by the amount of money, but it is more abstract, and it is impossible and unnecessary to exchange with the same amount of money. The general price index is the result of comparing the general price levels of different periods. It is used to reflect the change trend and degree of the general price levels of all commodities in a certain region and period. It is a relative number and cannot be expressed by the quantity of money, but by the ratio of the total price levels of the two periods × In general, the% sign is often omitted

5.

Circulation: 100 billion yuan in the first year, and 5 billion yuan in the next year, no upper limit. After 20 years, inflation is only 2.5% a year

current number: more than 90 billion

extension:

① status: dogecoin, known as "dogcoin / dogcoin & quot;, Born on December 8, 2013, it is the second largest virtual currency in the world after bitcoin in terms of number of users

② advantages: it is universal in the world, does not belong to a certain country, and has the advantages of fast global transfer

③ trading market: the main dog currency trading platforms in China are btc38 and btctrade, while in foreign countries are cryptsy, exmo, cex.io and bittrex

6. The answer is d.
360 days for us dollar, Japanese yen and euro, 365 days for Hong Kong dollar

7. The calculation base of import tariff is CIF, freight = FOB * rate = 246000, freight and insurance = (FOB + freight) / (1-freight and insurance rate) * freight and insurance rate = 135250, CIF = FOB + freight + freight and insurance = 300 + 246000 + 13525 = 338125. VAT rate is an interference item, which is useless. Please accept.

8. PPI is an index to measure the change trend and degree of the ex factory prices of instrial enterprises. At present, there are more than 4000 kinds of PPI procts (including 9500 kinds of specifications) in China, covering all 39 instrial categories, involving 186 types of investigation. In the calculation of PPI, the investigators go to each sample market for price spot check, calculate the price growth rate of various procts, and then use the weighted average method to calculate the value of PPI based on the importance of various procts or the proportion of consumption. Therefore, the calculation base of PPI is the year-on-year prices of various survey procts, not the PPI of a certain year or specific data.

9. In general, one yuan is used as the base, one point represents 1% of the annual interest rate, some are based on one jiao, one point represents 10% of the annual interest rate, and percent is the percentage. Both of them are folk terms of interest rate

For the monthly interest rate, one percent is one thousandth

for the daily interest rate, one percent is one in ten thousand

depending on the situation, the meaning of one percent is also different

extended data

interest rate refers to the ratio of the amount of interest e in each period to the face value in the amount borrowed, deposited or borrowed (called the total principal). The total interest of the amount lent or borrowed depends on the total principal amount, interest rate, compound interest frequency, and the length of time lent, deposited or borrowed. Interest rate is the price that the borrower has to pay for the money he borrows. It is also the return that the lender obtains by delaying his consumption and lending to the borrower. The interest rate is usually calculated as a percentage of one-year interest and principal

interest is one of the forms of time value of capital. From its form, it is the reward that money owners get from borrowers for issuing money; On the other hand, it is the price that borrowers have to pay when they use monetary funds. In essence, interest is a part of profit and a special form of profit transformation

calculation formula Interest = principal × interest rate × Maturity x 100%

10. The devaluation of paper currency refers to how much money is now equivalent to what it was in the past. It is after the price rises and before the price rises. For example, for goods that need one yuan to buy now, it used to only need 0.6 yuan to buy in the past

although the depreciation rate of paper currency and the inflation rate both describe the phenomenon of rising prices, there are differences in the calculation method and the meaning of them!!!