Ethereum Lighthouse

1.

1. The Great Wall, also known as the Great Wall, is a military defense project in ancient China. It is a tall, solid and continuous wall used to limit the action of the enemy. The Great Wall is not a simple isolated wall, but a defense system with the wall as the main body and a large number of cities, barriers, pavilions and landmarks

The Colossus of Rhodes is one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. The statue was built in Rhode Ρ&# 972; δο&# 962; ( π&# 972; λη)， English: the entrance to the city of Rhodes, completed in 282 BC. It is a bronze statue of Helios, the Greek sun god, about 33 meters high. 56 years after the completion of the casting, the Colossus was destroyed in an earthquake in 226 BC

2. The Palace Museum of Ming and Qing Dynasties was built in the center of Beijing City, with the north and South as the central axis and the north facing south, which fully embodies the feudal ruling thought of the supremacy of imperial power. Outside the Palace Museum is the Imperial City, and outside the Imperial City there is Beijing City, surrounded by the city, showing the strict hierarchy. In history, the Palace Museum has been rebuilt many times e to fire and other reasons, but the basic pattern has not changed. It is mainly divided into two parts: the outer court and the inner court. The outer court centered on the three halls of Taihe, Zhonghe and Baohe, and flanked by the two halls of Wenhua and Wuying. It was the place where the emperor went to the court to receive imperial congratulations, meet officials and hold large-scale ceremonies. There are Qianqing palace, Jiaotai palace, Kunning palace, royal garden and the six East and West palaces on both sides of the inner court. It is a place where the feudal emperors carry out their daily activities and the empresses and princesses live, play and worship the gods. The buildings of the outer court are tall and strict, showing the supremacy of imperial power; The inner court architecture has its own system of scattered courtyards and is full of interest. The division of labor between the former dynasty and the later Dynasty is clear, and it can't be overstepped at will, which reflects China's hierarchical and internal and external ethics since ancient times

the Qianqing square in front of the gate at the junction of the court and the dormitory is a place where the architectural etiquette of the Forbidden City is concentrated. The Baohe hall in the south of the square is the last of the three main halls in the outer Dynasty. Its specification is second only to Taihe hall. It has 9 wide faces and 5 deep depths. It has double eaves on the top of the mountain and 9 animals on its wings and corners. Both the inner and outer eaves are painted with golden dragon and seal, and the water chestnut fan is located on the tall white marble "three platforms". The Qianqing gate in the north is located at the southernmost end of the back palace. It is the main gate of Qianqing palace where the emperor is sleeping. It has five rooms wide and three rooms deep. It has a single eaves and a peak. It is a white jade xumizuo. The glazed doors on the East and west sides, the inner left and the inner right, lead to the East and West long streets respectively, which are important passageways to the six palaces. The military plane office and Jiuqing court house are set outside the gate, which is in line with the so-called system of "there are nine rooms inside, where nine concubines live, and nine rooms outside, where Jiuqing court lives" in Zhouli. Jiuqing court house is built with eaves connected with ridge and grey tile roof, without Dou Gong. The doors and windows are decorated simply, and the height of the terrace is only more than feet, which further highlights the magnificence of the main building on the central axis

there's nothing the picture can do

3.

Whether it is the residence of the emperor or the pure land of Buddhism, most of its buildings are red walls and yellow tiles. Why

According to historians, yellow has been regarded as a noble color since ancient times, because yellow represents the central position in the theory of five elements. In the Tang Dynasty, yellow was defined as the color of the royal family

in the Song Dynasty, the imperial palaces of feudal emperors began to use yellow glazed tile roofs. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was clearly stipulated that only the Imperial Palace, Mausoleum buildings and temples built under orders were allowed to use yellow glazed tiles. Other buildings were not allowed to be used without permission, while the houses of princes and princes were only allowed to use green roofs

It can be seen from this that the hierarchy of feudal society is so strict

red is regarded as a happy and festive color in China, which means solemnity, happiness and wealth. In the Zhou Dynasty, red was widely used in palace buildings, and has been handed down

it can be seen that the palace of the feudal emperor is the activity place of the supreme ruler, and the emperor's "supremacy" and "nobility and wealth" must be shown everywhere. Therefore, most of the palace buildings are made of red bricks and yellow tiles. The temple represents the world of Buddhism and belongs to the noble category. Therefore, it mostly adopts the style of palace in architectural style, and its walls are mostly red or red yellow in color

4. The Palace Museum of Ming and Qing Dynasties was built in the center of Beijing City, with the north and South as the central axis and the north facing south, which fully embodies the feudal ruling thought of the supremacy of imperial power. Outside the Palace Museum is the Imperial City, and outside the Imperial City there is Beijing City, surrounded by the city, showing the strict hierarchy. In history, the Palace Museum has been rebuilt many times e to fire and other reasons, but the basic pattern has not changed. It is mainly divided into two parts: the outer court and the inner court. The outer court centered on the three halls of Taihe, Zhonghe and Baohe, and flanked by the two halls of Wenhua and Wuying. It was the place where the emperor went to the court to receive imperial congratulations, meet officials and hold large-scale ceremonies. There are Qianqing palace, Jiaotai palace, Kunning palace, royal garden and the six East and West palaces on both sides of the inner court. It is a place where the feudal emperors carry out their daily activities and the empresses and princesses live, play and worship the gods. The buildings of the outer court are tall and strict, showing the supremacy of imperial power; The inner court architecture has its own system of scattered courtyards and is full of interest. The division of labor between the former dynasty and the later Dynasty is clear, and it can't be overstepped at will, which reflects China's hierarchical and internal and external ethics since ancient times

the Qianqing square in front of the gate at the junction of the court and the dormitory is a place where the architectural etiquette of the Forbidden City is concentrated. The Baohe hall in the south of the square is the last of the three main halls in the outer Dynasty. Its specification is second only to Taihe hall. It has 9 wide faces and 5 deep depths. It has double eaves on the top of the mountain and 9 animals on its wings and corners. Both the inner and outer eaves are painted with golden dragon and seal, and the water chestnut fan is located on the tall white marble "three platforms". The Qianqing gate in the north is located at the southernmost end of the back palace. It is the main gate of Qianqing palace where the emperor is sleeping. It has five rooms wide and three rooms deep. It has a single eaves and a peak. It is a white jade xumizuo. The glazed doors on the East and west sides, the inner left and the inner right, lead to the East and West long streets respectively, which are important passageways to the six palaces. The military plane office and Jiuqing court house are set outside the gate, which is in line with the so-called system of "there are nine rooms inside, where nine concubines live, and nine rooms outside, where Jiuqing court lives" in Zhouli. Jiuqing court house is built with eaves connected with ridge and grey tile roof, without Dou Gong. The doors and windows are decorated simply, and the height of the terrace is only more than feet, which further highlights the magnificence of the main building on the central axis.

5.

Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio are the pioneers of the Renaissance, known as the "three giants of the Renaissance", also known as the "three heroes of the literary world" (the former three heroes of the Renaissance)

Dante Alighieri, the founder of Modern Italian and one of the pioneers of the European Renaissance, is famous for his long poem divine comedy

Francesco Petrarch is a famous poet, scholar and founder of humanism in the early Renaissance of Italy. The establishment of early bourgeois art and morality is inseparable from him

Giovanni Boccaccio, an Italian Renaissance writer and poet, is famous for his Decameron

extended materials

the life of Petrarch:

born in arezo on July 20, 1304 and died in alcua on July 19, 1374

In 1312, their family moved to Avignon in the south of France, where the Vatican was at that time. Therefore, Petrarch has close ties with the Pope and other upper class elements. This situation is not only related to his growth, but also concive to his later humanistic activities

as a boy, Petrarch loved literature and rhetoric, and was especially interested in classical works, which were strongly attracted by the poems of ancient Rome Virgil and Cicero's speeches. But his father wanted him to be a jurist

Therefore, from 1316, he studied law in Montessori, France, and Bologna, Italy

When his father died in 1320, he gave up law and developed his hobby freely. In the same year, he returned to Avignon as a minor teaching post. From 1330 to 1347, he served under cardinal Vanni colenna

His work in the church was not busy, which made him take part in some political and diplomatic activities of the Holy See, and study literature and write poetry tirelessly. As a poet, Petrarch's reputation spread quickly

In 1340, Paris and Rome vied to invite him to receive the laurel. As a result, he decided to go to Rome

On April 8, 1341, he accepted the title of "poet laureate" on the capitoli mountain in Rome

On July 19, 1374, petrak died in a small village called Akwa. When his body was found, his head was still buried in Virgil's manuscript

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7. 1. Simplex simplex means that a can only send signals, while B can only receive signals. Communication is one-way, just like lighthouse to ship - Lighthouse sends out light signals while ship can only receive signals to ensure that they are on the right route
2. Half plex half plex means that a can send signals to B, and B can also send signals to a, but these two processes cannot be carried out at the same time
the most typical example is just like the walkie talkie we see in film and television works:
007: call headquarters, ask for support, over
headquarters: Roger that, reinforcements will arrive in 5 minutes, over
007: it will take 5 minutes?! Hurry up! Over
head office&# 8222; Game over
here, after each party has finished a sentence, they will say over, then switch to the receiving state, and at the same time tell the other party that you can speak. If both sides are in receiving state or sending state at the same time, they can't communicate normally
3. Full plex is a step further than half plex. When a sends a signal to B, B can also send a signal to a
a typical example is calling
A: let me tell you&# 8222;
b: listen to me first, the situation is like this&# 8222;
A and B can also hear each other's words while speaking, which is called full plex
for full plex Ethernet, IEEE has formulated 802.3x full plex / flow control standard, which specifies the flow control mechanism in full plex mode. All Ethernet standards (10 / 100 / 1000 base) have full plex capability except 100 base T4. However, in practical application, it seems that only GB Ethernet (i.e. Gigabit Ethernet) uses full plex
the MAC protocol of Ethernet is CSMA / CD, but collision detection (CD) is not needed in full plex Ethernet. This can make GB Ethernet break through the limit of more than 40 meters (more accurately, 41.2m, which can be calculated according to the limit of IEEE timing rules, and will not be described in detail here). In practical application, if a site in the network needs to work in full plex mode, a network card supporting full plex must be installed in the site, and the networking equipment such as hub / router connected with the full plex site is required to be equipped with full plex port
in this way, if you want to work in full plex mode, you must first have hardware support
the main advantage of full plex Ethernet is that it can realize data transmission in two directions on two independent channels at the same time, so as to improve the total bandwidth of the link, so it is only suitable for the file server and other sites that need two-way data transmission at the same time. For the general one-way data transmission site, full plex Ethernet has no advantages, so it has great limitations in application. Full plex Ethernet is mainly used in switch interconnection, especially GB Ethernet switch. In Win2K, there is an item "link speed & plex" in local connection - properties - configuration - advanced, and its value is generally "auto detect". No change is recommended
there is a plex light on the switch. If it is on, it means that it is working in plex mode. At present, most switches can automatically identify and support plex mode without manual setting.

8. In October 1899, German Emperor William II named "the new urban area of Jiaozhou protected area as Qing
Qing used to refer to the present small Qing, which is an island
now refers to Qing City

relevant information

since ancient times, there have been primitive human settlements in Qing. In modern times, Qing has become more and more important. In 1891, the Qing government decided to set up a defense in Jiaozhou Bay, which was regarded as the beginning of the construction of Qing<

Zhang Gaoyuan's Qing army established yamen, Fort and barracks in Qing, built Qianhai trestle wharf,

and then built post office, telegraph room, shop, workshop, etc. ring this period, a relatively prosperous town was initially formed in Qing<

at that time, the important buildings were Tianhou palace, general yamen, trestle and so on. Nearby, there were Haiyun, yugu'an, qingxi'an and other temples, as well as ordinary houses in some villages. All of these buildings are traditional Chinese style buildings with distinctive features, such as blue brick, grey tile, overhanging eaves and bucket arches

the general yamen, commonly known as the old yamen, is located in the east of Qing village, facing the south. The main courtyard is a three entrance courtyard, with a 15 meter long screen wall in front of the gate. The courtyard is equipped with a lobby, a rear party, a wing room, and a brick and wood structure. The traditional decoration style has been demolished in the 1950s<

Tin Hau palace is located in the west of Qing village, Qing Bay. It was built in 1467 A.D.

it was rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty, and rebuilt in the Tong and Guangxu years. It has a courtyard and a theater in front of it. At that time, there was a market nearby, and there were all kinds of shops and workshops. In the 1990s, it was renovated as a folk museum<

Haiyun nunnery is located at No.1 Haiyun street, Sifang district. It was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in the 1990s. Every year, the "sugar ball club" is held here from the 16th to the 18th of the first lunar month, which is very lively<

in Laoshan area, religion is developed. It is said that only Taoist places have nine palaces, eight temples and seventy-two nunneries. Now there are only a dozen of them, among which Taiqing palace, Shangqing palace, Mingxia cave and Taiping Palace are all renovated. Taiqing palace has the longest history, the largest scale and the most famous. Buddhist temples include Fahai Temple, Huayan Temple (now called Huayan Temple), Shifo temple, etc

these buildings are in traditional Chinese layout and style< In November 1897, two German missionaries were killed in Juye, Caozhou, Shandong Province, which is known as "Juye case". The German government used this as an excuse to invade Jiaozhou Bay. On March 6, 1898, Germany forced the Qing government to sign the Treaty of Jiao'ao concession, which lasted for 99 years and made Shandong its sphere of influence< In September 1898, the German people opened Qing as a free port. In October 1899, German Emperor William II named "the new urban area of Jiaozhou protected area as Qing", which became the main area of jiaoao leased land< Before 1900, in order to consolidate the military occupation, establish the ruling order, concentrate on military facilities and emergency housing construction<

Catholic Church
Shinan District Court (former German and Japanese courts)

in the first three years of the invasion, the German colonial authorities carried out a large number of activities, such as investigation and survey, forced land acquisition, demolition of residential buildings, etc. e to the lack of construction forces and building materials, the construction speed was slow, and the architectural style was relatively simple at that time, so they did not deliberately pursue the architectural quality and decoration changes, As a result, a large number of old Chinese grey bricks and tiles were used to meet the urgent needs of the early occupation

the representative buildings of this period include Bismarck barracks and other barracks buildings, which are solid and practical. Public buildings include the customs building, the office building of Shandong railway company, and the Catholic Church on Qufu Road, the first official church building in Qing

there were many residential buildings in this period, including old Prince Henry Hotel, Navy Hotel, Catholic dormitory, governor's temporary residence, etc

in the early stage, military facilities such as field hospital, Qianhai trestle, military Wharf on the west coast, multiple battery and navigation lighthouse were carried out at the same time

after the end of the ownership of land acquisition and sale, the German colonial authorities formulated the initial urban planning of Qing in 1900 and began large-scale construction activities, trying to build Qing into a military base, a trade port and an administrative and economic center of the German colonies in the Far East. German people build a city with typical Western architectural culture concept according to the construction mode of European towns. The architectural style is deeply influenced by western architecture

the German planning area is divided into internal and external boundaries. The external boundary is Li village, and the internal boundary is Qing. Qing is also divided into two areas: European and Chinese, which separate the Chinese from the European. Europeans occupy the best part of the urban area, namely Qing district. Most of the important buildings in the city are concentrated in this colonial administrative center, economic and trade area, and garden style residential area. The Chinese residential and business district is known as the dabao district. The buildings in the two different areas present different styles

in this period, urban municipal engineering was carried out simultaneously. The water sources of haipo River and Licun River have been opened up successively, the urban water supply and drainage network has been set up, and the thermal power plant has been established. With the completion of ports and railways, the vitality of the city has increased, and the instrial and commercial trade in the city has become prosperous. In 1910, on the basis of the 1900 plan, the German people formulated the urban expansion plan of Qing, which expanded the urban area to the north and West, connecting with Taidong and Taixi. The planned area is four times larger than the original urban area. The urban area with belt construction is further formed. European courtyard houses and blocks appeared one after another

ring this period, Chinese architecture was concentrated in the areas of Dabao Island, Taitung, Taixi and the north of Xiaogang wharf, mainly houses and small shops, and the construction quality was obviously inferior to that of Qing. Along the streets of Bao District, there are two or three stories of courtyard buildings with unique characteristics

there are many important buildings in this period, which can be divided into several categories, such as the city center square and office buildings, churches and schools, hospitals, hotels, clubs, shops, mansions and villas, instrial buildings, Chinese dwellings, etc<

the city center square and office building

the governor's Mansion (governor's mansion) was built in 1906, which is the most important office building. It is the office building of all previous governments. Now the Municipal People's Congress and the Municipal People's Political Consultative Conference work here. The building is of classical architectural style, with three horizontal and five vertical sections of symmetrical facade, two-story coupons gallery and square ionic pilasters. The bottom layer serves as the base, solid and heavy. The walls are mostly granite. Mengsha type roof, hung with red tiles. The whole building is magnificent, solemn and rigorous, which adapts to the use function of the building

jiaoao police office building, also known as the German patrol yamen, was built in 1905. It is located on the slope near the Chinese block, indicating that the German people's goal of suppressing power is the Chinese people. The bell tower has two main floors, high and steep spire, red tile and yellow wall, and relief brick decoration. It shows a strong European retro style of urban street view and architectural style. It is now the office building of the Municipal Public Security Bureau<

the headquarters of Shandong mining company was built in 1902. It has a red tile spire with three floors and a brick, stone and wood structure. The East facade is a protruding granite tower, and the south facade is divided into two floors, the first and second floor is an arcade and an open corridor, reflecting the architectural style of the Chinese century in Germany. Now it is a folk house<

the imperial court of Jiaozhou (jiaoao court) was completed in 1914. It has a two-story masonry wood structure, coarse stone plinth, red tile broken line roof, and the northern walls arc above the roof. It is now the Shinan court

jiaoao post office was built in 1901 as a three story building with veranda and tile roof, which has the architectural style of medieval Europe<

the observatory, also known as the Royal Qing Observatory and Meteorological Observatory, was completed in 1912, with the typical form of medieval castle in Europe. The whole body is made of coarse granite stones, and the parapet is castellated. It is now the Qing observatory

it was built in 1914 with four floors, brick and wood structure, yellow walls, red tiles, high-tech roof and two Gables in German youth style. The whole building is simple and generous. Customs have been moved<

* church, school and hospital buildings

the governor's school was built in 1901, with a three story symmetrical building with brick and stone roof. The central cornice is high, the broken line slope roof, the sharp ticket window hole, the rough stone pastes the face, is deep and solemn. The original appearance has been changed. It is now a municipal experimental primary school<

Dehua college

it was built in 1909 and completed in 1902. It is composed of teaching buildings, dormitories, etc. it is designed as an axis. The teaching building is mainly four storey, heavy, dignified and elegant. Now it is a railway branch and hospital<

the Christian Church was built in 1910 and is located on the terrace southeast of the intersection of several roads. The entrance is on the south side, with a square in front. The main building is 17 or 28 meters high. The tower is high, and the facade protrudes from the arc-shaped spire. Coarse granite inlaid in the yellow wall, for the German castle style architecture style<

the governor's field hospital was built in 1899-1905. The main buildings are ward building, internal clinic building, etc. the first ward is a local two-story building with tile roof and entrance corridor. Later, it was an affiliated hospital of Qingyi, which has been rebuilt

Qing railway station is mainly composed of a bell tower and a waiting hall. The roof of the building is an octagonal house with four big clocks. It has been demolished and then imitated

the naval Hotel, also known as the German naval club, was built in 1902 at 17 Hubei road. There are one underground floor and three floors above the ground. The first floor is stone brick wall, and the second floor is wooden outline. The red tile roof and the spire tower protrude from the southwest corner, presenting the architectural style of the new Renaissance in the middle ages of Germany. It is now the municipal civil air defense office<

Hengbao commercial building is located on Zhongshan Road. It was built in 1904. It has three floors above the ground. It is of brick, wood and steel mixed structure. The sunshade coupon type open corridor is built on the sunny side of each floor. Typical retro style of German architecture. Now it is Qing food store

* hotels, clubs and shops

Prince Henry's Seaside Hotel, also known as seaside hotel and Beach Hotel, is built on the Bank of Huiquan Bay. It was built with the completion of the bathing beach and the rise of the city's tourism function. The building is a three story, open corridor, belonging to the European medieval pastoral style of public buildings. It was built in 1904. Now it is Huiquan restaurant

Prince Henry hotel is located on the left side of the old Prince Henry hotel. It is a three story building with stone foundation and powder wall veranda. The facade is symmetrical. The roof is designed as a red tile slope roof with pointed attic windows on both sides. The gate adopts the form of three arched openings side by side. Influenced by the new art movement. Now it is Zhanqiao hotel<

Zhanqiao Hotel (formerly Prince Henry Hotel)

Qing club was built in 1910-1911. It is located on the seaside of Zhanqiao, with bars,

ballroom, etc. The floor plan of the building is free-form, with the shape of manor villa. The composition is rigorous and appropriate, the proportion relationship is balanced, the decoration is simple, and the internal fireplace is well preserved. It is now the office building of the Municipal Association for science and technology

the Marquis's Courtyard Hotel (Oak Hotel) is a red house restaurant on Guangxi road. The facade is of red clear water wall style, and the walls are inlaid with colored square wall tiles. The main building is three stories high. In the wall surface, the red brown square brick is put together into the oak leaf pattern, and there is a huge tiger window<

* mansions and villas

most of the mansions and villas in the European block in Qianhai area are designed by German architects, with independent courtyard layout, consistent style, lively form, free shape, and large courtyard. With exquisite walls, it is said that“