How much does it cost to dig an Ethereum coin
Publish: 2021-05-19 18:51:51
1. After nearly two years of bear market in the currency circle, the currency price of Ethereum has now dropped to more than 900 yuan, and the current downward trend continues. Short Ethereum is now a better trading strategy. At present, digital currency exchanges that can be short, such as coin an, fire coin, bitnet.
2. Now there are many professional miners who can really make money. Their investment is relatively large, and they need to be built near hydropower stations in remote areas, because mining consumes a lot of electricity, and the cost of electricity is almost the vast majority of the cost of bitcoin mining. Indivial investors, if there is a channel, can buy shares, otherwise in the city is almost unable to make money.
3.
At present, the mining mode can be roughly divided into PPLNs, PPS and PPS +. However, if you want to get a stable income from mining, it is recommended to choose the mining software of PPS mode
when miners are mining, if you want to know how many etheric coins you get, you can use ha Yu miner to see clearly the daily mining income
Harbin miners showed a unified display of revenue for BTC, easy to see, and support for cash withdrawals to Alipay wallet and bitcoin wallet. p>
4.
About 1625 RMB
The system ofEthernet coin is the most widely used public blockchain system supporting complete application development
compared with bitcoin, Ethereum belongs to the category of blockchain 2.0, which is a new blockchain system designed to solve some problems of bitcoin network
the design of bitcoin is only suitable for the scenario of encrypted digital currency, it does not have Turing completeness, and it lacks the concept of saving the real-time status of the account, and it also has the problems of efficiency and resource waste caused by POW mechanism
The blockchain network ofbitcoin has the defect of insufficient scalability. As bitcoin attracts more and more attention of developers and technicians, some users try to use bitcoin network for other digital currencies or other applications
However, with the development of Internet, it is difficult to develop blockchain applications independently. Users need to master a lot of software and hardware development capabilities and encryption algorithms, which makes the application of blockchain not so easy for some users
5. The price of bitcoin has gone up abruptly, and the old miners who left the mine have begun to return. Many new people have also poured into the mining instry. However, the price has gone up, and the difficulty of mining bitcoin is also rising. How can we make money from mining now
- - talking about the mining cost of bitcoin -
the first thing to consider is the cost if you want to make money. If the profit is greater than the cost, it is worth doing. We all know how much bitcoin costs, so let's calculate the cost
1. Mining machine cost: the "number" of bitcoin is a problem-solving process, which can't be calculated by human brain alone. Therefore, mining people need to buy mining machines and keep calculating. The more mining machines, the stronger the computing power
2. Electricity charges: mining machines are big consumers of high power. How much electricity does it consume? Let's put it this way. At present, the electricity consumption of bitcoin and Ethereum mining has surpassed Jordan, Iceland, Libya and other small countries, ranking 71st among all countries and regions in the world. You want to cry when electricity is expensive
3. The rent of the place where the mining machine is placed: because the mining machine consumes a lot of electricity, the power supply load of ordinary residential buildings can not be guaranteed at all, so the mining must rent a commercial site separately, and the rent is much more expensive than that of ordinary residential buildings
4. Operation cost: in order to ensure the computing power, the high-power mining machine needs to work 24 hours, which requires someone to maintain it at any time. When the mining machine is in trouble, the cost of hiring someone is required; At the same time, the mining machine is very delicate. If it is too hot or too cold, the vegetables will be stopped. Therefore, the measures of cold air and cold water insulation are needed to help the mining machine run. This is another expense
5. Mining machine update cost: because bitcoin is becoming more and more difficult to dig, the machine that was able to dig a month ago may not be able to dig anything today, and the market will also launch mining machines with greater computing power. The original mining machine is not worth money immediately. If you want to maintain computing power, you need to buy mining machines again
the above bitcoin mining costs all have a marginal effect, that is, the larger the volume is, the lower the corresponding cost will be. Therefore, some super large mines have been built
bitcoin g in the mine will enter the mine pool and be distributed by all participants. Large mines will be built in places where labor and electricity are cheap, such as Venezuela, the legendary miner's paradise, or Iceland, where the climate is favorable and electricity is cheap
as for the cost, everyone will be different. Let's take a look at an average: in 2017, according to the data of elite fixtures, a research institution, Venezuela is the cheapest of 115 mining countries, which is 513 US dollars, while South Korea is the most expensive, which is 26170 us dollars
China's mining cost is US $3172, which is relatively low among 115 countries. However, the cost is an average value. Large mines with low electricity prices must be much lower. If you are a lone ranger, the cost will rise sharply
in a word, if you really want to make money by mining, first of all, unless you are rich enough to build a mine with thousands of machines, you'd better join a mine to dig together. Although you have to share the money, it's still appropriate in the long run because it can greatly rece costs and improve computing power
secondly, whether you dig by yourself or join the mine, you must choose the place with low electricity cost, and the city with abundant hydropower resources is preferred, because hydropower is the cheapest source of power generation in China at present.
- - talking about the mining cost of bitcoin -
the first thing to consider is the cost if you want to make money. If the profit is greater than the cost, it is worth doing. We all know how much bitcoin costs, so let's calculate the cost
1. Mining machine cost: the "number" of bitcoin is a problem-solving process, which can't be calculated by human brain alone. Therefore, mining people need to buy mining machines and keep calculating. The more mining machines, the stronger the computing power
2. Electricity charges: mining machines are big consumers of high power. How much electricity does it consume? Let's put it this way. At present, the electricity consumption of bitcoin and Ethereum mining has surpassed Jordan, Iceland, Libya and other small countries, ranking 71st among all countries and regions in the world. You want to cry when electricity is expensive
3. The rent of the place where the mining machine is placed: because the mining machine consumes a lot of electricity, the power supply load of ordinary residential buildings can not be guaranteed at all, so the mining must rent a commercial site separately, and the rent is much more expensive than that of ordinary residential buildings
4. Operation cost: in order to ensure the computing power, the high-power mining machine needs to work 24 hours, which requires someone to maintain it at any time. When the mining machine is in trouble, the cost of hiring someone is required; At the same time, the mining machine is very delicate. If it is too hot or too cold, the vegetables will be stopped. Therefore, the measures of cold air and cold water insulation are needed to help the mining machine run. This is another expense
5. Mining machine update cost: because bitcoin is becoming more and more difficult to dig, the machine that was able to dig a month ago may not be able to dig anything today, and the market will also launch mining machines with greater computing power. The original mining machine is not worth money immediately. If you want to maintain computing power, you need to buy mining machines again
the above bitcoin mining costs all have a marginal effect, that is, the larger the volume is, the lower the corresponding cost will be. Therefore, some super large mines have been built
bitcoin g in the mine will enter the mine pool and be distributed by all participants. Large mines will be built in places where labor and electricity are cheap, such as Venezuela, the legendary miner's paradise, or Iceland, where the climate is favorable and electricity is cheap
as for the cost, everyone will be different. Let's take a look at an average: in 2017, according to the data of elite fixtures, a research institution, Venezuela is the cheapest of 115 mining countries, which is 513 US dollars, while South Korea is the most expensive, which is 26170 us dollars
China's mining cost is US $3172, which is relatively low among 115 countries. However, the cost is an average value. Large mines with low electricity prices must be much lower. If you are a lone ranger, the cost will rise sharply
in a word, if you really want to make money by mining, first of all, unless you are rich enough to build a mine with thousands of machines, you'd better join a mine to dig together. Although you have to share the money, it's still appropriate in the long run because it can greatly rece costs and improve computing power
secondly, whether you dig by yourself or join the mine, you must choose the place with low electricity cost, and the city with abundant hydropower resources is preferred, because hydropower is the cheapest source of power generation in China at present.
6. Core developer Mike Hearn: why bitcoin should be forked
2015-08-17 09:17:38 Views: key words: Mike
related reading: Mike Hearn: internal contradictions in the enterprise prevent Google from accepting bitcoin
Yes, it's coming. The community is beginning to separate, and bitcoin is about to bifurcate: including software, and perhaps blockchain. The two sides of the split are bitcoin core and the micro variant program based on the same program, called bitcoin XT. On August 16, Beijing time, there is now a full version of bitcoin XT
this bifurcation has never happened before. I want to explain this from the perspective of bitcoin XT developers: it can't be said that it hasn't been communicated enough
bitcoin bifurcation, this topic may make many people curious, so this article is written for ordinary readers. It doesn't involve the knowledge that has been debated before
the original version of bitcoin was carefully arranged by Nakamoto, and has always been very clear. The debate is about growth. In 2008, he answered the first question about the design of bitcoin, saying:
visa processed 37 billion transactions in fiscal year 2008, or an average of 100 million transactions per day. So many deals require 100GB of bandwidth = 12 DVDs or 2 HD quality movies = about $18 of bandwidth at the current price
assuming that the bitcoin network reaches this scale, it will take several years. By then, sending two HD movies over the Internet may not be a big deal
at that time, he was more tired of bitcoin expansion than any of us. His plan is to make bitcoin popular from the beginning, and he knows that this success will change how people use his system. In 2010, he said, "it's good that we keep [blockchain] files as small as possible
the final solution will not care how big it (blockchain file) becomes
but now, while it is still small, keep it in a small state, and the growth of new users will be faster. When I finally implement client only mode, it's no longer a problem
"
in 2011, through a series of calculations, I expanded the expansion intuition of Nakamoto in detail: if bitcoin becomes so popular, will it completely replace visa? The answer is that his plan is credible - you don't need anything else but a computer, even if there's so much traffic. Before he left, I also implemented the model he talked about
it was Nakamoto's plan that brought us together. It has changed the lives of thousands of people around the world. Some of us give up our jobs, others devote their spare time to the project, others set up companies and even travel around the world. This is an idea that ordinary people can complete mutual payment through blockchain and create this global community
that's the vision I signed, and that's the vision Gavin Andresen signed, and that's the vision signed by millions of developers, founders of startups, evangelists, and users around the world
and this vision is now in danger. In recent months, it's clear that a small group of people have completely different plans for bitcoin. These people have never really understood Nakamoto's intention because they are worried about success, if the technology has never been improved, if people can't run bitcoin on their home computers? Doesn't this make bitcoin move away from centralization and more like banking? What if people start to rely on bitcoin, even if it's imperfect
now, Nakamoto has chosen to disappear, and they want to make a major change: substantially increase transaction costs, end support for mobile P2P wallets, give up unconfirmed transactions, and many things that have never been found in the project's founding documents
the so-called lightning network, which is about to be promoted as a substitute for Nakamoto's design, does not exist. The white paper describes that it was announced earlier this year, and if it can be realized, it will be a huge departure from the bitcoin we know and love. Pick one of the many differences, and a bitcoin address won't work. What they will be replaced with has not yet been worked out (because no one knows). There are many other surprising pitfalls that I mentioned in another article. What will it eventually proce to make our existing bitcoin network better? It is still extremely unclear
what happened to the free market
in theory, none of this should be a problem. Lightning network is built on the blockchain, but it needs a rather trivial upgrade process to achieve the best function. Of course, people are willing to explore this direction, which is entirely possible. If the jobs they set up are better than the existing ordinary bitcoin network, then the market will choose their way, if so... It is fair competition for them! The current design of bitcoin is unlikely to be the final version for payment. This is a reasonable imagination, one day it will be eliminated in the competition, or enhanced by something else
but our system is working today. It has an ecosystem, including developers, exchanges, wallets, ATMs, books, applications, conferences, and many people have learned how it works
if there was a free choice, would people decide to move to a completely different system
we don't know, but the people who are pushing these things don't want the market to make a decision. That's what happened
a long time ago, Nakamoto set up a temporary "mixed brand assembly computer": he limited the size of each block to 1 MB. He did so in order to keep the blockchain in a small state in the early days, until we now call it the creation of SPV wallet (that is, what Nakamoto calls "client only mode"). As mentioned above, when the time comes, it can be adjusted. It has never been said that it is permanent. In the end, it becomes irrelevant. In 2011, I wrote the first SPV tool with my respected colleague Andreas schildbach, and we built the first and most popular Android wallet together. Since then, SPV wallets have been used on major platforms. Therefore, Nakamoto's reasons for this temporary restriction have been solved a long time ago
with the continuous growth of bitcoin, its blocks are also growing. Reasonable traffic forecasts show that the block will reach the current system limit sometime next year, at the latest in 2017. Another bubble or pressure cycle will force us to exceed that limit before, and the result may not be beautiful.
so it's time to raise the upper limit, or delete it completely. That's our plan, and the problem starts: those who don't want to see bitcoin expand have decided to postpone the process. They saw a beautiful, one-time opportunity to forcibly transfer bitcoin's predetermined path to a completely different technological trajectory. They don't know what this alternative design will be, and of course they haven't built it yet. But it doesn't matter. They believe that by blocking the growth of the blockchain, they can "motivate" (that is, force) the bitcoin community to switch to different things, something more in line with their personal technical taste
why restrict blockchain
so far, I haven't explained much about these people or who they are. I think it's a very time-consuming and laborious thing to name names in this article, and it seems to be futile in the end. Presumably those who care about this matter already know it, and those who don't know it can't recognize the people who are involved in it
I just want to say that they are very few people who have access to the bitcoin core code base, or those who are convinced by their arguments
therefore, we will not discuss these arguments here, which has been too much. Gavin and I have written articles to analyze the questions raised by everyone to refute them. Sometimes the answer is some common sense, some will be more in-depth, need more work, such as network simulation
the best place to understand these controversies is in Gavin's blog. I hope to find a link to a collection of opinions similar to those refuting Gavin's point of view, but none of them
to sum up, in the long and hard debate, several different opposition groups:
if bitcoin approaches this limit, we will be stimulated to create something better
the limit should be raised, but it is not ready (the actual time is not specified)
if bitcoin is expanded and becomes more centralized, it will no longer be bitcoin< Other people: if the objections you support are not listed above, please check Gavin's blog and find out the answer
the first point may become a reality one day, but it is not comparable with the theoretical system on paper. But no one who has seen any alternative solutions on the table thinks they can be implemented within 12 months (see another example in the last paragraph, for example)... Even assuming they are better. This is also an example of the nirvana fallacy:
the nirvana fallacy refers to the name of the informal fallacy of some unrealistic and idealized substitutes for something more practical. It can also refer to the tendency to think that there is a perfect solution to a specific problem, so it is also called perfectionism fallacy
it's obviously advantageous to create an imitative dichotomy for a current choice. But it's also totally incredible. One who uses the nirvana fallacy can attack any opposing idea because it is imperfect. According to this fallacy, the choice is not between real-world solutions. One is a realistic solution, and the other is an impractical solution, which is the "better" choice between the two
the answer to the second objection is too vague. It is reasonable to believe that the overall upgrade of each bitcoin node may take one year, and the actual bitcoin network capacity overload will cause serious damage. We really should be ready before that. In the bitcoin development mailing list, there are two people who have professional capacity planning experience, and both of them have
2015-08-17 09:17:38 Views: key words: Mike
related reading: Mike Hearn: internal contradictions in the enterprise prevent Google from accepting bitcoin
Yes, it's coming. The community is beginning to separate, and bitcoin is about to bifurcate: including software, and perhaps blockchain. The two sides of the split are bitcoin core and the micro variant program based on the same program, called bitcoin XT. On August 16, Beijing time, there is now a full version of bitcoin XT
this bifurcation has never happened before. I want to explain this from the perspective of bitcoin XT developers: it can't be said that it hasn't been communicated enough
bitcoin bifurcation, this topic may make many people curious, so this article is written for ordinary readers. It doesn't involve the knowledge that has been debated before
the original version of bitcoin was carefully arranged by Nakamoto, and has always been very clear. The debate is about growth. In 2008, he answered the first question about the design of bitcoin, saying:
visa processed 37 billion transactions in fiscal year 2008, or an average of 100 million transactions per day. So many deals require 100GB of bandwidth = 12 DVDs or 2 HD quality movies = about $18 of bandwidth at the current price
assuming that the bitcoin network reaches this scale, it will take several years. By then, sending two HD movies over the Internet may not be a big deal
at that time, he was more tired of bitcoin expansion than any of us. His plan is to make bitcoin popular from the beginning, and he knows that this success will change how people use his system. In 2010, he said, "it's good that we keep [blockchain] files as small as possible
the final solution will not care how big it (blockchain file) becomes
but now, while it is still small, keep it in a small state, and the growth of new users will be faster. When I finally implement client only mode, it's no longer a problem
"
in 2011, through a series of calculations, I expanded the expansion intuition of Nakamoto in detail: if bitcoin becomes so popular, will it completely replace visa? The answer is that his plan is credible - you don't need anything else but a computer, even if there's so much traffic. Before he left, I also implemented the model he talked about
it was Nakamoto's plan that brought us together. It has changed the lives of thousands of people around the world. Some of us give up our jobs, others devote their spare time to the project, others set up companies and even travel around the world. This is an idea that ordinary people can complete mutual payment through blockchain and create this global community
that's the vision I signed, and that's the vision Gavin Andresen signed, and that's the vision signed by millions of developers, founders of startups, evangelists, and users around the world
and this vision is now in danger. In recent months, it's clear that a small group of people have completely different plans for bitcoin. These people have never really understood Nakamoto's intention because they are worried about success, if the technology has never been improved, if people can't run bitcoin on their home computers? Doesn't this make bitcoin move away from centralization and more like banking? What if people start to rely on bitcoin, even if it's imperfect
now, Nakamoto has chosen to disappear, and they want to make a major change: substantially increase transaction costs, end support for mobile P2P wallets, give up unconfirmed transactions, and many things that have never been found in the project's founding documents
the so-called lightning network, which is about to be promoted as a substitute for Nakamoto's design, does not exist. The white paper describes that it was announced earlier this year, and if it can be realized, it will be a huge departure from the bitcoin we know and love. Pick one of the many differences, and a bitcoin address won't work. What they will be replaced with has not yet been worked out (because no one knows). There are many other surprising pitfalls that I mentioned in another article. What will it eventually proce to make our existing bitcoin network better? It is still extremely unclear
what happened to the free market
in theory, none of this should be a problem. Lightning network is built on the blockchain, but it needs a rather trivial upgrade process to achieve the best function. Of course, people are willing to explore this direction, which is entirely possible. If the jobs they set up are better than the existing ordinary bitcoin network, then the market will choose their way, if so... It is fair competition for them! The current design of bitcoin is unlikely to be the final version for payment. This is a reasonable imagination, one day it will be eliminated in the competition, or enhanced by something else
but our system is working today. It has an ecosystem, including developers, exchanges, wallets, ATMs, books, applications, conferences, and many people have learned how it works
if there was a free choice, would people decide to move to a completely different system
we don't know, but the people who are pushing these things don't want the market to make a decision. That's what happened
a long time ago, Nakamoto set up a temporary "mixed brand assembly computer": he limited the size of each block to 1 MB. He did so in order to keep the blockchain in a small state in the early days, until we now call it the creation of SPV wallet (that is, what Nakamoto calls "client only mode"). As mentioned above, when the time comes, it can be adjusted. It has never been said that it is permanent. In the end, it becomes irrelevant. In 2011, I wrote the first SPV tool with my respected colleague Andreas schildbach, and we built the first and most popular Android wallet together. Since then, SPV wallets have been used on major platforms. Therefore, Nakamoto's reasons for this temporary restriction have been solved a long time ago
with the continuous growth of bitcoin, its blocks are also growing. Reasonable traffic forecasts show that the block will reach the current system limit sometime next year, at the latest in 2017. Another bubble or pressure cycle will force us to exceed that limit before, and the result may not be beautiful.
so it's time to raise the upper limit, or delete it completely. That's our plan, and the problem starts: those who don't want to see bitcoin expand have decided to postpone the process. They saw a beautiful, one-time opportunity to forcibly transfer bitcoin's predetermined path to a completely different technological trajectory. They don't know what this alternative design will be, and of course they haven't built it yet. But it doesn't matter. They believe that by blocking the growth of the blockchain, they can "motivate" (that is, force) the bitcoin community to switch to different things, something more in line with their personal technical taste
why restrict blockchain
so far, I haven't explained much about these people or who they are. I think it's a very time-consuming and laborious thing to name names in this article, and it seems to be futile in the end. Presumably those who care about this matter already know it, and those who don't know it can't recognize the people who are involved in it
I just want to say that they are very few people who have access to the bitcoin core code base, or those who are convinced by their arguments
therefore, we will not discuss these arguments here, which has been too much. Gavin and I have written articles to analyze the questions raised by everyone to refute them. Sometimes the answer is some common sense, some will be more in-depth, need more work, such as network simulation
the best place to understand these controversies is in Gavin's blog. I hope to find a link to a collection of opinions similar to those refuting Gavin's point of view, but none of them
to sum up, in the long and hard debate, several different opposition groups:
if bitcoin approaches this limit, we will be stimulated to create something better
the limit should be raised, but it is not ready (the actual time is not specified)
if bitcoin is expanded and becomes more centralized, it will no longer be bitcoin< Other people: if the objections you support are not listed above, please check Gavin's blog and find out the answer
the first point may become a reality one day, but it is not comparable with the theoretical system on paper. But no one who has seen any alternative solutions on the table thinks they can be implemented within 12 months (see another example in the last paragraph, for example)... Even assuming they are better. This is also an example of the nirvana fallacy:
the nirvana fallacy refers to the name of the informal fallacy of some unrealistic and idealized substitutes for something more practical. It can also refer to the tendency to think that there is a perfect solution to a specific problem, so it is also called perfectionism fallacy
it's obviously advantageous to create an imitative dichotomy for a current choice. But it's also totally incredible. One who uses the nirvana fallacy can attack any opposing idea because it is imperfect. According to this fallacy, the choice is not between real-world solutions. One is a realistic solution, and the other is an impractical solution, which is the "better" choice between the two
the answer to the second objection is too vague. It is reasonable to believe that the overall upgrade of each bitcoin node may take one year, and the actual bitcoin network capacity overload will cause serious damage. We really should be ready before that. In the bitcoin development mailing list, there are two people who have professional capacity planning experience, and both of them have
7.
Double dig Eth and SC coins, dig 500 SC coins can be transferred to the wallet
8.
If you have an independent graphics card, it must be connected to the interface on the independent graphics card. The HDMI interface is standard and can be used safely
when the computer is equipped with an independent graphics card, the cable of the computer monitor needs to be connected to the independent graphics card. If it is connected to the motherboard, the monitor will not be displayed. Installing independent graphics card on the computer will automatically shield the output of integrated graphics card. If the display is connected to the motherboard, it is equivalent to not using the performance of independent graphics card, and there will be no signal output
extended data
graphics card generally has two or more signal output interfaces, but when connecting the display, just connect any one. If the monitor is HDMI or you want to use HDMI TV as the monitor, just use HDMI cable to connect the HDMI interface of the monitor and the graphics card, and you can start it
if you want to play the TV with sound, you need the HDMI with audio output function of the graphics card. After you install the graphics card, you need to install the audio driver to run normally
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