Swedish central bank plans to launch digital currency
Publish: 2021-03-25 06:03:56
1. The central bank's digital currency is the legal digital currency approved by the State Council. The central bank organizes market institutions to engage in the corresponding work of the central bank's digital currency research and development
2019 August 21st, the official account of WeChat central bank released two articles on digital currency.
2019 August 21st, the official account of WeChat central bank released two articles on digital currency.
2. On the issue of issuing their own digital currency, central banks are always less thunderous. Central banks around the world are considering issuing their own digital currencies to compete with cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin, but they have been unable to do so for a long time
the media's attention to the central bank's digital currency has increased significantly, especially after Zuckerberg testified in Congress on the Libra issue and Christina Lagarde acknowledged the "clear demand" for stable currency at her first media reception as president of the European Central Bank, which seems to have changed the public's view on this matter, Let many people in cryptocurrency community think that cbdcs is in sight<
according to the latest survey report released by the bank for International Settlements, central banks in the past seven years have been investigating this technology and assessing its impact. Of the 63 central banks surveyed, 55 said they were unlikely to issue cbdcs in the next three years, and only one reported that they were "highly likely to issue large-scale cbdcs in the next three to six years."
although the proportion of central banks studying cbdcs is very high, the crux of the problem is that it is mainly theoretical and investigative work. Only five central banks have concted more in-depth research and real project development or experimentation - but that still does not mean that they will necessarily issue cbdcs
through close observation, it is more and more obvious that both Libra recently released by Facebook and the new stable currency assets have had a significant impact on the central bank. Today's situation took hundreds of years to form, but it changed in a few months; Competition, the most terrifying and unfamiliar concept that has never been thought of before and penetrated into the elite society of central banks, is now knocking at the door
it can be said that the solution to the current situation is still unclear. Some people who are familiar with these things even say that they are bluffing. However, in Lagarde's own words, the slow and wait-and-see regulatory approach can no longer meet the needs
1. What is central bank digital currency<
what is the difference between central bank digital currency CBDC and other digital currencies
CBDC is a new form of currency, which is directly issued by the central bank in digital form as legal tender. The current form of legal currency is cash, reserve deposit or balance settlement< There are two main differences between CBDC and other digital currencies (including cryptocurrency and other forms of central bank currency):
1. CBDC has nothing to do with cryptoassets. They're not decentralized, they don't have to be blockchain based, and they're certainly not anonymous, they're not unlicensed, they're not censored< 2. Contrary to the current digital cash, the operation structure of CBDC will be different from other forms of central bank currency. CBDC has more powerful functions. They are programmable, can generate interest, can be cleared in near real time, and have cheaper handling charges and wider openness
when designing CBDC, the speed of central banks is different. Different central banks adopt their own approach. However, in general, there are three problems being explored: whether CBDC should be based on token or account number, whether CBDC should be batch (only open to banks) or retail (open to the public), and whether it should be based on DLT
when CBDC is to be implemented, things will become complicated, and there are many thorny problems to be considered
for example, once CBDC is launched, does it need to cancel cash? Should CBDC carry interest? Should they have face value like cash? Or linked to the total price index? What impact will this have on commercial banks? What about anonymity and privacy? All these questions need to be answered<
2. Motivation for issuing CBDC
in the 2017 staff discussion paper, the Bank of Canada gave six reasons for issuing CBDC in an article entitled "central bank digital currency: motivation and impact":
1. Ensure that the central bank provides sufficient cash to the public, and maintain the seigniorage revenue of the central bank
2, Support non-traditional monetary policy
3. Rece overall risk and improve financial stability
4. Improve payment competitiveness
5. Promote financial inclusiveness
6. Curb criminal activities
looking back at the bank for International Settlements survey we analyzed earlier, payment security and domestic efficiency are selected as the most important motives of the central bank. According to a large number of papers published by the central bank and other large financial institutions, for developed countries, the transformation into a cashless society is the main driving factor, while for developing countries, financial inclusiveness, cost rection and operational efficiency are the main motivation
throughout the rest of the reports and the literature that can be found, the fierce competition brought about by bitcoin and other innovations in the cryptocurrency instry, as well as the clear need for "one step ahead", of course, are not listed as the reasons for issuing CBDC< The advantages and potential risks of CBDC are very low.
if the central bank starts to launch CBDC and succeeds in the end, there are many potential benefits
from a technical point of view, CBDC is much better than the current form of legal currency. They can be tracked better, collect taxes more conveniently, transmit monetary policy better, have better financial inclusiveness, and rece the cost of procing physical currency
the most obvious advantage is that payment is cheaper and faster, whether it is domestic payment or cross-border payment
in addition to the design and implementation problems, a key problem of issuing CBDC is that CBDC may increase the risk of bank operation. However, this only happens when banks promise that their deposits can be converted into CBDC on demand, which is not necessarily the case, according to the Bank of England document
4. Facts on the ground
how far is it from us to see a real CBDC appear in the market? It's hard to estimate, but at present, we can sum up the current situation in one sentence: all talk but no practice
if we put aside the failed digital currencies of Ecuador, Tunisia and Venezuela, we can only do theoretical research, a small amount of experiments, and issue some feasible CBDC issuance announcements supported by the state in the future
the most famous CBDC projects in progress are: e-peso in Uruguay (the project was successfully tested in 2018), DCEP in China, "project Inthanon" in Thailand, e-krona in Sweden (still in the research stage)...
5. The revolution has not yet been successful, and comrades still need to work hard
considering the factors mentioned above, Most of the headlines about CBDC's upcoming release are groundless. All projects scheled to be released this year have been delayed
in fact, there is still a long way to go for the birth of CBDC, and to convince the public, we need more than a statement. Given the current situation, it seems that CBDC and other cryptocurrencies may not affect each other - at least for now.
the media's attention to the central bank's digital currency has increased significantly, especially after Zuckerberg testified in Congress on the Libra issue and Christina Lagarde acknowledged the "clear demand" for stable currency at her first media reception as president of the European Central Bank, which seems to have changed the public's view on this matter, Let many people in cryptocurrency community think that cbdcs is in sight<
according to the latest survey report released by the bank for International Settlements, central banks in the past seven years have been investigating this technology and assessing its impact. Of the 63 central banks surveyed, 55 said they were unlikely to issue cbdcs in the next three years, and only one reported that they were "highly likely to issue large-scale cbdcs in the next three to six years."
although the proportion of central banks studying cbdcs is very high, the crux of the problem is that it is mainly theoretical and investigative work. Only five central banks have concted more in-depth research and real project development or experimentation - but that still does not mean that they will necessarily issue cbdcs
through close observation, it is more and more obvious that both Libra recently released by Facebook and the new stable currency assets have had a significant impact on the central bank. Today's situation took hundreds of years to form, but it changed in a few months; Competition, the most terrifying and unfamiliar concept that has never been thought of before and penetrated into the elite society of central banks, is now knocking at the door
it can be said that the solution to the current situation is still unclear. Some people who are familiar with these things even say that they are bluffing. However, in Lagarde's own words, the slow and wait-and-see regulatory approach can no longer meet the needs
1. What is central bank digital currency<
what is the difference between central bank digital currency CBDC and other digital currencies
CBDC is a new form of currency, which is directly issued by the central bank in digital form as legal tender. The current form of legal currency is cash, reserve deposit or balance settlement< There are two main differences between CBDC and other digital currencies (including cryptocurrency and other forms of central bank currency):
1. CBDC has nothing to do with cryptoassets. They're not decentralized, they don't have to be blockchain based, and they're certainly not anonymous, they're not unlicensed, they're not censored< 2. Contrary to the current digital cash, the operation structure of CBDC will be different from other forms of central bank currency. CBDC has more powerful functions. They are programmable, can generate interest, can be cleared in near real time, and have cheaper handling charges and wider openness
when designing CBDC, the speed of central banks is different. Different central banks adopt their own approach. However, in general, there are three problems being explored: whether CBDC should be based on token or account number, whether CBDC should be batch (only open to banks) or retail (open to the public), and whether it should be based on DLT
when CBDC is to be implemented, things will become complicated, and there are many thorny problems to be considered
for example, once CBDC is launched, does it need to cancel cash? Should CBDC carry interest? Should they have face value like cash? Or linked to the total price index? What impact will this have on commercial banks? What about anonymity and privacy? All these questions need to be answered<
2. Motivation for issuing CBDC
in the 2017 staff discussion paper, the Bank of Canada gave six reasons for issuing CBDC in an article entitled "central bank digital currency: motivation and impact":
1. Ensure that the central bank provides sufficient cash to the public, and maintain the seigniorage revenue of the central bank
2, Support non-traditional monetary policy
3. Rece overall risk and improve financial stability
4. Improve payment competitiveness
5. Promote financial inclusiveness
6. Curb criminal activities
looking back at the bank for International Settlements survey we analyzed earlier, payment security and domestic efficiency are selected as the most important motives of the central bank. According to a large number of papers published by the central bank and other large financial institutions, for developed countries, the transformation into a cashless society is the main driving factor, while for developing countries, financial inclusiveness, cost rection and operational efficiency are the main motivation
throughout the rest of the reports and the literature that can be found, the fierce competition brought about by bitcoin and other innovations in the cryptocurrency instry, as well as the clear need for "one step ahead", of course, are not listed as the reasons for issuing CBDC< The advantages and potential risks of CBDC are very low.
if the central bank starts to launch CBDC and succeeds in the end, there are many potential benefits
from a technical point of view, CBDC is much better than the current form of legal currency. They can be tracked better, collect taxes more conveniently, transmit monetary policy better, have better financial inclusiveness, and rece the cost of procing physical currency
the most obvious advantage is that payment is cheaper and faster, whether it is domestic payment or cross-border payment
in addition to the design and implementation problems, a key problem of issuing CBDC is that CBDC may increase the risk of bank operation. However, this only happens when banks promise that their deposits can be converted into CBDC on demand, which is not necessarily the case, according to the Bank of England document
4. Facts on the ground
how far is it from us to see a real CBDC appear in the market? It's hard to estimate, but at present, we can sum up the current situation in one sentence: all talk but no practice
if we put aside the failed digital currencies of Ecuador, Tunisia and Venezuela, we can only do theoretical research, a small amount of experiments, and issue some feasible CBDC issuance announcements supported by the state in the future
the most famous CBDC projects in progress are: e-peso in Uruguay (the project was successfully tested in 2018), DCEP in China, "project Inthanon" in Thailand, e-krona in Sweden (still in the research stage)...
5. The revolution has not yet been successful, and comrades still need to work hard
considering the factors mentioned above, Most of the headlines about CBDC's upcoming release are groundless. All projects scheled to be released this year have been delayed
in fact, there is still a long way to go for the birth of CBDC, and to convince the public, we need more than a statement. Given the current situation, it seems that CBDC and other cryptocurrencies may not affect each other - at least for now.
3. Sweden does not issue digital currency
in Sweden, money is not issued by the government, but by private companies. At present, 80% of transactions in Sweden are made through electronic payment. Generally speaking, this means that the crime rate will be reced because the robbers have no way to get cash from someone or from the bus or even the bank
the cost of capital management is reced because there is no cash to transport and store
privacy is reced because e-payment companies are familiar with what their customers need
with the increasing dependence on technology, when the trading system is offline, people take other trading means
in the past few decades, the fraud rate in Sweden has continued to rise, which may provide a reason for adopting electronic payment measures
Digital cryptocurrency can bring many benefits to the electronic payment of private enterprises, such as increasing privacy and security. Compared with traditional electronic payment, digital currency is anonymous, but the ownership can be deciphered by a third party
here are several good methods: coinjoin can integrate multiple transactions; Coinswap can carry out very complex transactions, including two third-party transaction information, adding security protection on the blockchain. These methods can prevent privacy from being attacked. The whole system can be built on digital currency to improve its security
another advantage not mentioned above is that digital currency cannot be forged, which means there will be no counterfeit currency. However, there are risks in digital currency, such as the recent price fluctuations of Ruitai and Weimeng currencies.
in Sweden, money is not issued by the government, but by private companies. At present, 80% of transactions in Sweden are made through electronic payment. Generally speaking, this means that the crime rate will be reced because the robbers have no way to get cash from someone or from the bus or even the bank
the cost of capital management is reced because there is no cash to transport and store
privacy is reced because e-payment companies are familiar with what their customers need
with the increasing dependence on technology, when the trading system is offline, people take other trading means
in the past few decades, the fraud rate in Sweden has continued to rise, which may provide a reason for adopting electronic payment measures
Digital cryptocurrency can bring many benefits to the electronic payment of private enterprises, such as increasing privacy and security. Compared with traditional electronic payment, digital currency is anonymous, but the ownership can be deciphered by a third party
here are several good methods: coinjoin can integrate multiple transactions; Coinswap can carry out very complex transactions, including two third-party transaction information, adding security protection on the blockchain. These methods can prevent privacy from being attacked. The whole system can be built on digital currency to improve its security
another advantage not mentioned above is that digital currency cannot be forged, which means there will be no counterfeit currency. However, there are risks in digital currency, such as the recent price fluctuations of Ruitai and Weimeng currencies.
4. At present, central banks and financial institutions all over the world are concting research on currency digitization and related technologies. At the "fintech summit in Shenzhen, China" hosted by Shenzhen Municipal Government on December 20, more than 40 units, including Ping An Group, Weizhong bank and Dacheng Fund, announced that they would jointly initiate the preparation for the establishment of China's Shenzhen fintech digital currency alliance, and cooperate with the central bank and other financial regulatory departments to study and formulate digital currency instry standards and relevant institutional mechanisms<
with the development of Internet technology and the profound changes of global payment methods, digital currency with higher operation efficiency and stronger economic adaptability is becoming a new trend of currency development in the future
in this trend, central banks and financial institutions around the world are concting research on currency digitization and related technologies. At the "fintech summit in Shenzhen, China" hosted by Shenzhen Municipal Government on December 20, more than 40 units, including Ping An Group, Weizhong bank and Dacheng Fund, announced that they would jointly initiate the preparation for the establishment of China's Shenzhen fintech digital currency alliance, and cooperate with the central bank and other financial regulatory departments to study and formulate digital currency instry standards and relevant institutional mechanisms
currency digitization is the general trend
in a global science and technology innovation survey released by KPMG, digital currency, 3D printing, Internet of things and biotechnology are listed as the most promising technologies in the next three years. At present, many countries in the world are promoting the research of currency digitization
at the beginning of this year, the Bank of England announced a new research report that the combination of digital currency and mobile technology may completely change the shopping habits of British people, and the Bank of England is considering using this technology to release official digital currency. Sweden's central bank is considering issuing its own digital currency, ekrona, in response to a sharp decline in the country's cash use
in 2014, the Central Bank of China set up a special research group to demonstrate the feasibility of issuing legal digital currency. At the beginning of this year, the central bank held a seminar on digital currency to further clarify the strategic objectives of the central bank in issuing digital currency. In November, the 2017 annual personnel recruitment plan of the printing Science Research Institute, a unit directly under the central bank's official website, showed that six professionals with master's or doctor's degrees would be recruited for digital currency research and development< In an interview with the media a few days ago, Yao / > deputy director of the science and Technology Department of the central bank and head of the preparatory group of the digital currency Research Institute, said that the prototype scheme for the central bank to issue legal digital currency has completed two rounds of revision, and is expected to be tested in relatively closed application scenarios such as the bill market in the future, but there is no clear timetable for the launch of legal digital currency in China<
Third Party Payment institutions may disappear
at the first "China Shenzhen fintech (Financial Technology) summit" held on December 20, the reporter of daily economic news learned that, under the guidance of Shenzhen municipal government, Ping An Group, China Merchants Bank, Weizhong bank More than 40 units, including Dacheng Fund, will jointly initiate the preparation for the establishment of China's Shenzhen fintech digital currency union and fintech Research Institute
according to Yao Yudong, chief economist of Dacheng Fund, the alliance will cooperate with the central bank and other financial regulatory departments to study and formulate the digital currency instry standards and mechanisms. The Research Institute will comprehensively carry out the research on fintech infrastructure and innovative business, and explore and promote the application of big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence blockchain and other technologies
as one of the sponsors of the alliance, Li Lin, founder and chairman of fire coin, pointed out that when it comes to digital currency, it should be made clear that there is an essential difference between the digitization of legal currency and digital currency. The essence of encrypted digital currency represented by bitcoin is a standardized digital asset. However, because the digitization of legal currency may choose to use the underlying technology of encrypted digital currency blockchain as one of the core implementation technologies, there is a close relationship between the two
Li Lin said that blockchain has outstanding technical advantages in security attributes such as non repeatable transaction, non forgery and non tampering. Digital currency represented by bitcoin has the characteristics of disintermediation, openness, transparency and traceability, which will have a profound impact on the future circulation of sovereign digital currency
"in the global cryptocurrency operation and circulation system, there is a unified and open protocol, and different institutions follow the standard protocol, which provides the basis for the cross platform circulation of currency accounts. There is no need for third-party payment companies to provide services to connect with different banks. " Li Lin gave an example. In his view, in the future, if the sovereign digital currency uses the unified and open blockchain agreement or other agreements, and only provides technical services of cross bank agreement, the third-party payment company will disappear
at the same time, Li Lin pointed out that the structural system of encrypted digital currency under the decentralized structure has brought great problems to government supervision, so there will be some changes in the sovereign digital currency system. For example, anonymity is controllable anonymity, unlike complete anonymity in the bitcoin network.
with the development of Internet technology and the profound changes of global payment methods, digital currency with higher operation efficiency and stronger economic adaptability is becoming a new trend of currency development in the future
in this trend, central banks and financial institutions around the world are concting research on currency digitization and related technologies. At the "fintech summit in Shenzhen, China" hosted by Shenzhen Municipal Government on December 20, more than 40 units, including Ping An Group, Weizhong bank and Dacheng Fund, announced that they would jointly initiate the preparation for the establishment of China's Shenzhen fintech digital currency alliance, and cooperate with the central bank and other financial regulatory departments to study and formulate digital currency instry standards and relevant institutional mechanisms
currency digitization is the general trend
in a global science and technology innovation survey released by KPMG, digital currency, 3D printing, Internet of things and biotechnology are listed as the most promising technologies in the next three years. At present, many countries in the world are promoting the research of currency digitization
at the beginning of this year, the Bank of England announced a new research report that the combination of digital currency and mobile technology may completely change the shopping habits of British people, and the Bank of England is considering using this technology to release official digital currency. Sweden's central bank is considering issuing its own digital currency, ekrona, in response to a sharp decline in the country's cash use
in 2014, the Central Bank of China set up a special research group to demonstrate the feasibility of issuing legal digital currency. At the beginning of this year, the central bank held a seminar on digital currency to further clarify the strategic objectives of the central bank in issuing digital currency. In November, the 2017 annual personnel recruitment plan of the printing Science Research Institute, a unit directly under the central bank's official website, showed that six professionals with master's or doctor's degrees would be recruited for digital currency research and development< In an interview with the media a few days ago, Yao / > deputy director of the science and Technology Department of the central bank and head of the preparatory group of the digital currency Research Institute, said that the prototype scheme for the central bank to issue legal digital currency has completed two rounds of revision, and is expected to be tested in relatively closed application scenarios such as the bill market in the future, but there is no clear timetable for the launch of legal digital currency in China<
Third Party Payment institutions may disappear
at the first "China Shenzhen fintech (Financial Technology) summit" held on December 20, the reporter of daily economic news learned that, under the guidance of Shenzhen municipal government, Ping An Group, China Merchants Bank, Weizhong bank More than 40 units, including Dacheng Fund, will jointly initiate the preparation for the establishment of China's Shenzhen fintech digital currency union and fintech Research Institute
according to Yao Yudong, chief economist of Dacheng Fund, the alliance will cooperate with the central bank and other financial regulatory departments to study and formulate the digital currency instry standards and mechanisms. The Research Institute will comprehensively carry out the research on fintech infrastructure and innovative business, and explore and promote the application of big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence blockchain and other technologies
as one of the sponsors of the alliance, Li Lin, founder and chairman of fire coin, pointed out that when it comes to digital currency, it should be made clear that there is an essential difference between the digitization of legal currency and digital currency. The essence of encrypted digital currency represented by bitcoin is a standardized digital asset. However, because the digitization of legal currency may choose to use the underlying technology of encrypted digital currency blockchain as one of the core implementation technologies, there is a close relationship between the two
Li Lin said that blockchain has outstanding technical advantages in security attributes such as non repeatable transaction, non forgery and non tampering. Digital currency represented by bitcoin has the characteristics of disintermediation, openness, transparency and traceability, which will have a profound impact on the future circulation of sovereign digital currency
"in the global cryptocurrency operation and circulation system, there is a unified and open protocol, and different institutions follow the standard protocol, which provides the basis for the cross platform circulation of currency accounts. There is no need for third-party payment companies to provide services to connect with different banks. " Li Lin gave an example. In his view, in the future, if the sovereign digital currency uses the unified and open blockchain agreement or other agreements, and only provides technical services of cross bank agreement, the third-party payment company will disappear
at the same time, Li Lin pointed out that the structural system of encrypted digital currency under the decentralized structure has brought great problems to government supervision, so there will be some changes in the sovereign digital currency system. For example, anonymity is controllable anonymity, unlike complete anonymity in the bitcoin network.
5. The design concept of e-krona was proposed by the Nordic Swedish central bank. In 2017, the system development of e-krona was carried out. According to the design concept of Sweden's top developers, the open source software was released and the P2P network was built on it. E-krona is a virtual encrypted digital currency in the form of P2P. The e-krona blockchain and wallet system will be mature and perfect, Users can use e-krona global payment, which will be as simple as sending text messages
according to foreign media reports, the traditional legal currency of Sweden is krona, and the central bank's digital currency is Krona E. If kroner e eventually enters the circulation sector, it will be used to simulate daily banking activities such as payments, deposits and withdrawals from digital wallets such as mobile apps, the Swedish central bank said. According to foreign media reports, the central bank's digital currency is a traditional currency, but presented in digital form, issued and managed by the Central Bank of a country. In contrast, cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin are created by solving complex mathematical problems and managed by different network communities (that is, blockchain networks distributed around the world) rather than a central authority. The sharp decline in cash use and competition from alternative currencies, such as Facebook's Libra, have also prompted central banks around the world to consider issuing their own digital currencies
warm tips: the above information is for reference only, without any suggestions
response time: October 30, 2020. Please refer to the official website of Ping An Bank for the latest business changes
[Ping An Bank I know] want to know more? Come and see "Ping An Bank I know" ~
https://b.pingan.com.cn/paim/iknow/index.html
according to foreign media reports, the traditional legal currency of Sweden is krona, and the central bank's digital currency is Krona E. If kroner e eventually enters the circulation sector, it will be used to simulate daily banking activities such as payments, deposits and withdrawals from digital wallets such as mobile apps, the Swedish central bank said. According to foreign media reports, the central bank's digital currency is a traditional currency, but presented in digital form, issued and managed by the Central Bank of a country. In contrast, cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin are created by solving complex mathematical problems and managed by different network communities (that is, blockchain networks distributed around the world) rather than a central authority. The sharp decline in cash use and competition from alternative currencies, such as Facebook's Libra, have also prompted central banks around the world to consider issuing their own digital currencies
warm tips: the above information is for reference only, without any suggestions
response time: October 30, 2020. Please refer to the official website of Ping An Bank for the latest business changes
[Ping An Bank I know] want to know more? Come and see "Ping An Bank I know" ~
https://b.pingan.com.cn/paim/iknow/index.html
6.
Sweden has been ahead of the world in the exploration of e-money. Although many countries are shouting slogans about digital currency, there is no movement in practical action. Sweden not only attaches importance to the research of digital cryptocurrency, but also makes practical action. In May of this year, Sweden already concted the pilot test of e-krona. Sweden is really interested in digital currency. It is also reasonable for Sweden, which is active in digital cryptocurrency, to become a cashless country ahead of China
because a slight error will affect the operation of the whole financial system, when you give up cash payment and completely rely on digital cryptocurrency, it means that there is no plan B when the system encounters a bug
7. No
to be specific, each person has a special account (obtained at birth), foreign guests travel to a temporary account, any transaction is carried out by electronic transfer and the corresponding tax is dected, the account includes personal occupation, position, salary and other records, set up any personal account, there are capital changes, The central bank, the local bank and the supervision system of the public security procuratorate will give prompt in time. In this way, corruption, theft, robbery, tax evasion, profligacy and other criminal acts will be greatly curbed
we should not only restrict the cancellation of cash, but also monitor each transaction. We should input the professional position salary into the account number, and set the warning threshold of each transaction, daily, weekly, monthly and total amount according to different situations. In this way, all possible changes, such as corruption, bribery, fraud, robbery, theft and other illegal crimes, will be revealed in the procuratorial, judicial and judicial organs In front of public security and banks, crimes are easy to prevent and investigate. Every transaction will be taxed according to the tax rate in time, tax evasion will be eliminated, and the world will be more than 80% peaceful. At that time, the only way to offer bribes was to give them in kind. Hehe, can corrupt officials pile up money at home? Ha ha ha! Those who rob people and steal people dare not draw accounts, and they can only deal with physical objects. Hehe, it's easy to solve the case. Social security will be greatly guaranteed.
therefore, it is worthwhile for the state to spend hundreds of billions on the research and establishment of electronic currency trading system. Since then, people's safety has been highly guaranteed, even if each person is willing to donate tens of thousands of people. And in this way, not only the safety of life and property has been greatly guaranteed, the society is clean and upright, and the social economic competition will be much fairer, which will greatly promote the progress of people's ideological quality and concept, and promote the rapid development of society. Its significance is no less than any previous change
now, after so many years, the implementation of e-money has not moved. I hope that the state can attach great importance to it, organize development and research as soon as possible, and strive to implement it as soon as possible< br />
to be specific, each person has a special account (obtained at birth), foreign guests travel to a temporary account, any transaction is carried out by electronic transfer and the corresponding tax is dected, the account includes personal occupation, position, salary and other records, set up any personal account, there are capital changes, The central bank, the local bank and the supervision system of the public security procuratorate will give prompt in time. In this way, corruption, theft, robbery, tax evasion, profligacy and other criminal acts will be greatly curbed
we should not only restrict the cancellation of cash, but also monitor each transaction. We should input the professional position salary into the account number, and set the warning threshold of each transaction, daily, weekly, monthly and total amount according to different situations. In this way, all possible changes, such as corruption, bribery, fraud, robbery, theft and other illegal crimes, will be revealed in the procuratorial, judicial and judicial organs In front of public security and banks, crimes are easy to prevent and investigate. Every transaction will be taxed according to the tax rate in time, tax evasion will be eliminated, and the world will be more than 80% peaceful. At that time, the only way to offer bribes was to give them in kind. Hehe, can corrupt officials pile up money at home? Ha ha ha! Those who rob people and steal people dare not draw accounts, and they can only deal with physical objects. Hehe, it's easy to solve the case. Social security will be greatly guaranteed.
therefore, it is worthwhile for the state to spend hundreds of billions on the research and establishment of electronic currency trading system. Since then, people's safety has been highly guaranteed, even if each person is willing to donate tens of thousands of people. And in this way, not only the safety of life and property has been greatly guaranteed, the society is clean and upright, and the social economic competition will be much fairer, which will greatly promote the progress of people's ideological quality and concept, and promote the rapid development of society. Its significance is no less than any previous change
now, after so many years, the implementation of e-money has not moved. I hope that the state can attach great importance to it, organize development and research as soon as possible, and strive to implement it as soon as possible< br />
8.
1、 What is digital currency RMB
with the development of Internet technology, especially blockchain technology, many so-called & lt; virtual currency;, Such as bitcoin and Wright currency, which are controversial in recent years
as a substitute for M0 (cash in circulation, i.e. cash in circulation outside the banking system), the difference between the central bank's digital currency and the virtual currency such as bitcoin is that bitcoin is decentralized, while the digital currency to be launched by the central bank is centralized
the central bank's digital currency is a legal digital currency issued by the central bank based on national credit, which is exactly the same as RMB cash and is equivalent to cash{ RRRRR}
it can be predicted that the era of digital RMB is coming. For commercial banks and other financial institutions, digital currency will lead to more innovations such as digital credit, digital assets and digital liabilities. In addition, the central bank can improve the efficiency of monetary operation monitoring and enrich monetary policy means after the issuance of digital currency
In addition, the issue of central bank's legal digital currency will make it possible to collect real-time data such as money creation, bookkeeping and flow. After data desensitization, it will conct in-depth analysis through big data and other technical means, so as to provide a useful reference for money supply, formulation and implementation of monetary policy, and provide a useful means for economic regulation In the short term, the introction of digital currency has little impact on the exchange rate; Digital RMB & quot; At present, it seems that the aim is to partially digitize the currency in circulation (so there will be zero interest rate compensation, 100% reserve requirement and limited weakening of financial intermediaries, also known as & lt; Disintermediation, Considering China's current capital account restrictions (especially the restrictions on capital outflow), the introction of digital currency is unlikely to have a great impact on the trend of RMB exchange rate in the short termthe development of Sino US relations, portfolio capital flow, yield advantage and valuation are still the driving factors for RMB. Due to the outbreak of the second wave of the epidemic, there was an outflow of funds from the United States. This should also boost market confidence in the RMB in the short term
2、“ Digital RMB & quot; It is a milestone of RMB internationalization; Digital RMB & quot; The design of settlement technology is very complex and becomes ubiquitous (by making full use of the increasing popularity of mobile phones and Internet applications in China and the inclusion of RMB in the IMF's special drawing rights basket), which may promote the internationalization of RMB and the diversification of the current US dollar centered International Monetary System in the long run
conclusion: when the central bank issues digital currency, it focuses more on domestic factors. On the one hand, it is the trend of the times; on the other hand, it has many advantages. And the internationalization of RMB, more often, is a matter of course. The introction of digital currency by the people's Bank of China is a major change in the monetary system, both domestically and internationally
9. Central bank issued digital currency (CBDC) refers to the legal digital currency issued by central banks in various countries
the bank for International Settlements (BIS), known as the "Central Bank of the world's central banks", issued a report on September 17, 2017, saying that the policy decision of whether the central bank provides digital alternatives for cash is the most urgent in a country with declining cash flow, such as Sweden, but all central banks must finally face the choice of whether the issuance of CBDC meets their own needs.
the bank for International Settlements (BIS), known as the "Central Bank of the world's central banks", issued a report on September 17, 2017, saying that the policy decision of whether the central bank provides digital alternatives for cash is the most urgent in a country with declining cash flow, such as Sweden, but all central banks must finally face the choice of whether the issuance of CBDC meets their own needs.
10. The design concept of e-krona was proposed by the Nordic Swedish central bank. In 2017, the system development of e-krona was carried out. According to the design concept of Sweden's top developers, the open source software was released and the P2P network was built on it. E-krona is a virtual encrypted digital currency in the form of P2P. The e-krona blockchain and wallet system will be mature and perfect, Users can use e-krona global payment, which will be "as simple as texting".
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