Can digital currency contracts be closed without delivery
The contract transaction of digital currency is not safe. There are still many loopholes in the digital currency trading platform, for example, the most common are the following six kinds:
1. Denial of service attack
denial of service attack is the most important attack against the digital currency trading platform at present. Through denial of service attack, the attacker makes the trading platform unable to access normally, Because users can not accurately distinguish the degree of attack, it often causes panic asset transfer, which brings some loss
2. Phishing incident
even the best technical measures at present can not make the digital currency trading platform avoid phishing attacks. Some hackers and criminals can confuse digital currency investors by means of fake domain names or fake pages, while ordinary investors can't identify the authenticity, so it's easy to cause asset losses
Many digital currency trading platforms use a single private key to protect the hot wallet. If hackers can access a single private key, they can crack the hot wallet related to the private key. For example, in the attack on yapizon of Seoul stock exchange in 2017, the attackers stole hot wallets from the trading platform twice in a year, resulting in a total loss of nearly 50% of the assets of the trading platform and eventually leading to the bankruptcy of the trading platform Fourth, e to the lack of perfect risk isolation measures, or ineffective supervision on the rights of employees, some employees who have the operation rights of the platform use internal trust to seek unjust wealth for themselves. For example, in 2016, the event of employees stealing bitcoin on shapeshift caused a total loss of US $230000 to the trading platform by stealing and reselling sensitive information to others Fifth, the software vulnerability of digital currency trading platform includes single sign on vulnerability, OAuth protocol vulnerability and so on. At present, all countries have laws requiring banks or other financial institutions to implement information security measures to protect customers' deposits. However, e to the fact that the blockchain field is still in its infancy, there is a lack of such specifications for encrypting digital assets. Therefore, it is not accidental that many trading platforms have a large number of loopholes in the absence of security constraints 6. Transaction malleability the technical supporters of blockchain often think that blockchain transactions are highly secure because they are recorded on records that are said to be unchangeable, but each transaction needs to have a corresponding signature, and the records can be forged temporarily before the final confirmation of the transaction
extended data:
rules of contract transaction
1. Transaction time
contract transaction is 7 * 24 hours transaction, which will be interrupted only ring the settlement or delivery period of 16:00 (UTC + 8) every Friday. In the last 10 minutes before delivery, the contract can only be closed, not opened
Transaction types are divided into two types, opening and closing. Opening and closing positions are divided into two directions: buying and selling:buying open long (bullish) refers to buying a certain number of contracts when users are bullish and bullish on the index. Carry out "buy open more" operation, match success will increase long position
selling pingo (multi order closing) refers to the selling contract that the user makes up for when he is no longer bullish on the future index, offsets with the current buying contract and exits the market. Carry on "sell flat much" operation, match after success, will rece long position
short selling (bearish) refers to the new sale of a certain number of certain contracts when the user is short or bearish on the index. Carry out the operation of "sell short" and increase the short position after successful matching
buy close (short single close) refers to the buy contract that the user will not be bearish on the future index market and make up for, offset with the current sell contract and exit the market. Carry out "buy short" operation, after matching successfully, short position will be reced
3. Order method
limit order: the user needs to specify the price and quantity of the order. Limit order can be used for opening and closing positions
order at opposite price: if you choose to order at opposite price, you can only enter the order quantity, not the order price. The system will read the latest competitor price at the moment of receiving the entrustment (if the user buys, the competitor price is the selling price of 1); If it is a sell, then the counter price is buy 1 price). Issue a price limit order for this counter price
4. Position
the user owns the position after opening and trading, and the positions in the same direction of the same contract will be merged. In a contract account, there can only be 6 positions at most, that is, multiple positions of current week contract, short positions of current week contract, multiple positions of next week contract, short positions of next week contract, multiple positions of quarterly contract and short positions of quarterly contract
5. Order restriction
the platform will restrict the number of single user's positions in a certain period of contract and the number of single open / close positions, so as to prevent users from manipulating the market
when the number of positions or entrustments of users is too large, the platform has the right to require users to take risk control measures, including but not limited to cancellation of orders, closing positions, etc. The platform has the right to adopt measures including but not limited to limiting the total number of positions, limiting the total number of consignments, limiting the opening of positions, withdrawing orders, forcibly closing positions, etc. for risk control
the one with transformer is isolation, and the one without transformer is non isolation. Generally, the power supply is isolated,
the safety of isolation is higher, and the requirements of isolated devices are lower for design, Because the isolated power is sent to the power mole after the transformer step-down, the non isolated power is directly sent to the power mole through the 220 V, and the current power chips are isolated
The futures contract is close to the delivery month. If you have not closed your position, the futures company will inform you. If you are unfair, the futures company will give you a strong balance on the last trading day of the month before the delivery month
in the process of trading, the futures exchange shall take compulsory position closing measures according to the regulations, and the losses incurred shall be borne by the members or customers. The realized profit of closing position, such as the compulsory closing position of futures exchange e to member or customer violation
the non operating income of the futures exchange will not be transferred to the members or customers who violate the rules; If the position is forced to close e to the change of national policy and the continuous rise and fall of the limit board, it shall be assigned to members or customers
extended data:
there are many reasons for forced position closing in futures trading, such as customers' failure to add trading margin in time, violation of trading position restrictions and other violations, and temporary changes in policies or trading rules
in the standard futures market, the most common one is forced position closing e to insufficient margin. Specifically, it refers to the insufficient trading margin required in the customer's position contract
When the futures company fails to timely add corresponding margin or actively rece its position according to the notice of the futures company, and the market is still developing in the direction of unfavorable position, the futures company forcibly balances part or all of the customer's position in order to avoid the loss expansion, and fills the margin gap with the obtained fundswhether it is a delivery contract or a perpetual contract
conclusion: if you don't make delivery, you'd better follow the main contract or sub main contract, When a contract has no transaction or less transactions, it is usually difficult to close the position or forced to close the position with a larger spread, resulting in expanding losses or recing profits
Since the beginning of this year, Meitu company has started to arrange virtual currency transactions such as bitcoin. In fact, Meitu company has made a net profit of 100 million yuan to a loss of 13 million yuan. This process is stimulating, but it is not a big deal for Meitu company, which can still make a net profit in one year< the reason why Meitu company failed in currency speculation is mainly e to the nature of bitcoin and the poor business decision-making of meituan Meitu company{ RRRRR}
in fact, it's a normal thing for so many people to pay attention to Meitu company's currency speculation. As a listed company, Meitu company can be regarded as one of the few companies that use bitcoin as a way to spread capital risk. From making money to losing money is a more exciting topic for such a company to hype bitcoin. Nowadays, so many people are paying attention to Meitu company. In fact, there is no difference between paying attention to bitcoin hype and paying attention to bitcoin hype< I personally feel that listed companies have their own business decisions, which are not related to our ordinary people. After all, the business decisions of listed companies themselves have a certain impact on their own company's operation and proction activities, and they are also decisions made after rational consideration
to sum up the above, the failure of Meitu company in currency speculation is entirely e to the nature of bitcoin and the decision of Meitu company's business decisions. Moreover, under the premise that the cost of holding money is relatively low, as long as Meitu company can make normal business decisions, it is possible to make some profits, so we should not draw a conclusion too early strong>
1. Walk about 130m from Meilong to Jinjiang paradise station
2. Take Metro Line 1, pass 4 stops, and reach Xujiahui Station
3. Walk about 330m, and transfer to Metro Line 9
4. Take Metro Line 9, pass 8 stops, and reach Century Avenue Station
5. Take Metro Line 6, After 4 stops, reach Deping Road Station
6, walk about 190 meters, and reach the network map of Pudong Real Estate Trading Center
< p class = "f-aid" style = "margin: Auto;" > This data comes from the network map, and the final result is subject to the latest data of the network map
bus line: Metro Line 4 → Metro Line 6, the whole journey is about 13.7 km
1. Take Metro Line 4 from Shanghai railway station, pass 7 stations, and reach Century Avenue Station
2. Take Metro Line 6, pass 4 stations, and reach Deping Road Station
3. Walk about 180 meters to Shanghai Pudong New Area real estate