How many kinds of digital currency are there in China
China does not issue digital currency, and all the existing digital currencies are illegal
the central bank pointed out that no legal digital currency has been issued, and no institutions and enterprises have been authorized to issue legal digital currency. At present, the so-called "digital currency" in the market is not legal digital currency
virtual currency is the electronization of illegal currency, and its original issuer is not the central bank. This kind of virtual currency is mainly limited to circulation in a specific virtual environment. Digital currency can be used for real goods and services transactions, but only the digital currency issued by the state is legal digital currency
"the legal currency of our country is RMB." In the risk warning, the monetary Bureau of the people's Bank of China once again stressed that RMB is uniformly printed and issued by the people's Bank of China
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with the soaring price of virtual currency represented by bitcoin, digital currency and the blockchain technology behind it have attracted great attention of the global financial community. In fact, legal digital currency has not yet been issued in China. Recently, the official website of the monetary Bureau of the people's Bank of China (PBOC) released the risk warning on issuing or promoting digital currency in the name of the people's Bank of China
in 2013, the central bank, together with five ministries and commissions, issued the notice on prevention of bitcoin risks, which clearly defined non legal digital currencies such as bitcoin as virtual commodities, which do not exist in the form of currency and legal currency
At the same time, digital money is different from electronic payment. In the actual use experience, digital money and electronic payment may feel similar, but they are still quite different in essence. Before digital currency, the financial instry has been highly informationized P>such as Internet banking, WeChat, Alipay and other payment electronic popularization graally, physical cash accounts for only a very small part of all circulating currencies. In spite of this, because the money used in the transaction comes from the bank account, it actually corresponds to the banknotes
currently, digital currency in the market involves multi-level marketing
digital currency is a new technology that can improve the efficiency of transaction, but it is targeted by lawless elements to carry out pyramid selling and fraud in its name
the official website of the monetary Bureau of the people's Bank of China issued the risk warning on issuing or promoting digital currency in the name of the people's Bank of China. The central bank pointed out that recently, indivial enterprises falsely used the name of our bank to label relevant digital procts as "authorized issuance by the people's Bank of China", or falsely claimed that the digital currency promotion team of the central bank issued, in an attempt to deceive the public and take the opportunity to make huge profits
in the risk warning, the central bank stressed that the bank has not issued legal digital currency, nor authorized any institutions and enterprises to issue legal digital currency, and there is no promotion team. At present, the so-called "digital currency" in the market is not legal digital currency
at the same time, the so-called "digital currency" launched by some institutions and enterprises and the so-called promotion of the central bank's issuance of digital currency may involve pyramid selling and fraud. The general public should raise their risk awareness, invest rationally and prudently, and prevent the interests from being damaged
digital currency is an unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of a specific virtual community. The European Banking authority defines virtual currency as a digital representation of value, which is not issued by the central bank or authorities, nor linked with legal currency. However, because it is accepted by the public, it can be used as a means of payment, or it can be transferred, stored or traded in electronic form
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1. Litecoin is similar to bitcoin, which is also an encrypted digital currency, and its price has risen sharply recently. It is a P2P open source digital currency, which can be regarded as a branch of bitcoin. However, although lightcoin is based on bitcoin protocol, it does not require very high computing power. It can also be mined using ordinary computers. Lightcoin's algorithm comes from the algorithm designed by Dr Colin Percival for tarsnap secure online backup service (backup for Linux and other open source operating systems)
2. Namecoin
namecoin is also based on bitcoin, which is another branch of open source. Namecoin is a distributed DNS protocol -- generally speaking, it can transform the website name (such as ifeng. Com) that can be understood by human into the address that can be understood by machine. As its own DNS, this kind of currency can operate outside the normal Internet, so it can break away from the control of ICANN
the monetary value and domain name of namecoin are stored in the user's blockchain records, limiting the total number to 21 million
3. Peercoin
peercoin is a peer-to-peer variant of bitcoin, which can improve mining efficiency and security, and improve safeguard measures to avoid group mining. Now, group mining has been considered as a potential defect of bitcoin. According to the statistics of emerging currencies by coinmarketcap.com, peercoin currently ranks fourth in the market value of digital currencies
4. Primecoin
primecoin is a cryptocurrency similar to bitcoin, but it uses a completely independent mining algorithm. Bitcoin uses the hashcash algorithm, while prime coin uses the long Cunningham chains to create the value of money - a sequence of prime numbers named after mathematician AJC Cunningham
in the process of bitcoin mining, as the amount of money goes on, the difficulty will increase sharply. But prime is different. Every time a primecoin is mined, the mining difficulty will increase slightly, and the process is much more stable< 5. Feathercoin
based on the design of litecoin, released in April 2013, can adjust the mining difficulty more frequently than litecoin. Feathercoin will be updated frequently, adding new features and improvements to eliminate malicious mining behavior
6. Novacoin
another P2P digital cryptocurrency. Novacoin is different from most other currencies in that it integrates a protection mechanism in the currency core, which can identify illegal mining activities
the total number of novacoin is limited to 2 billion, which is considerable. If necessary, the total can be adjusted upward
7, infinitech
published in June 2013. A by-proct of litecain. According to the mining situation and the total amount of money, infinite money can frequently adjust the mining difficulty ratio< Megacoin was only released in the fourth quarter of 2013, imitating bitcoin in the early stage. The total number of megacoin is limited to 42 million, which can be mined like other virtual currencies. Its biggest selling point is brand publicity, which other digital currencies lack< It was released in 2013 and is still in its infancy. In the security part of quarkcoin, nine independent loops are deployed and six different algorithms are used.
Generally, the excellent digital currencies are mostly imported procts, such as bitcoin, Leyte coin, ether coin and so on. However, the domestic Yuanbao coin, Ruitai coin, bitcoin and the tokens of different crowdfunding projects of European crowdfunding are excellent digital currencies
< H2 > development materials
digital currency (English: digital currency) is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. At present, no central bank of any government has indicated that it will issue digital currency, and digital currency does not have to have a benchmark currency and a central bank
it is different from the virtual currency in the virtual world, because it can be used for real goods and services transactions, not limited to online games. The early digital currency (digital gold currency) is a form of electronic currency named after the weight of gold. Today's digital currency, such as bitcoin, lightcoin and ppcoin, is an electronic currency created, issued and circulated by check sum cryptography
according to incomplete statistics, more than 200 counterfeit coins have been proced since 2014, and more than 100 have survived. The life cycle of Shanzhai coin is generally about 2-3 months. Because the purpose of some Shanzhai coins is to earn money without any innovation. When the price is high enough, the makers will sell a lot to cash out. Without the support of the makers, this kind of counterfeit money will eventually die.
The correct methods to identify gold include the color, density, folding hardness, phonological elasticity, Touchstone and acid point
According to the different luster and color of gold, we can roughly distinguish pure gold, K-gold, real gold and fake gold. That is to say, the best color of gold is reddish yellow, and the fineness is more than 95%; The purity of positive yellow is about 80%; The purity of cyan yellow is about 70%; It's yellow with gray, and its fineness is about 50% The density of gold is 19.32 g / cm3, which is about twice as heavy as the same volume of silver, lead and tin. Available formula: a certain gold jewelry mass (g) than a certain gold jewelry volume (cubic centimeter) equal to density. If the density of gold jewelry is about 19.32 g / cm3, it is pure gold or relatively pure gold, otherwise it is non pure gold or color difference gold (this method is not destructive to jewelry)3, fold hardness
gold has the characteristics of low ctility and hardness, and can be pressed into 12.7 μ m thick sheet. When the fineness is high, the mark can be left by carving with a pin or nail. More than 97% of the fineness of gold jewelry, after bending two or three times, wrinkles appear at the bending place, also known as fish scale pattern; Gold jewelry of about 95% fineness feels hard when bending, and the fish scale pattern is not obvious
The gold jewelry with90% fineness is very hard when bending, and there is no fish scale pattern; Gold jewelry with more impurities will break after bending two or three times; If it is made of raw gold, it will break when it is bent, and the section has obvious sand grain shape. When using this method, the width and thickness of jewelry should be considered. The thick and wide ones are harder, and the thin and narrow ones are softer
4. Rhyme elasticity
when gold jewelry with high quality is knocked or thrown to the hard ground, it will make a ll low sound of "puta, puta", and has no rhyme or elasticity. K gold has rhyme, sound and elasticity. The greater the elasticity, the sharper the rhyme, the worse the quality
5. Touchstone
the fineness of gold jewelry can be determined by comparing the colors of gold pairs (gold medals with determined fineness) and jewelry on the touchstone. This method should be carried out under natural light and fluorescent lamp, not under direct sunlight and incandescent lamp
6. Grind out the gold channel of the identified jewelry and the matching brand on the touchstone with acid point
respectively, and point nitric acid on the gold channel with glass rod. Because the chemical property of gold is stable and does not react with acid, the color remains unchanged. If it is not gold or pure gold, the golden way disappears or changes
The change rule ofwas "three fast and three slow", that is, the low quality disappeared quickly, and the high quality disappeared slowly; The mixed gold disappears quickly and the clear gold disappears slowly; Large mixed gold disappears quickly, small mixed gold disappears slowly. The fineness of gold jewelry can be determined by comparing the right brands according to the disappearance of gold channel
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distinguish alteration
1, whether gold has white highlights
cut the gold bar or gold jewelry with material scissors, observe its section with a magnifying glass, if there are white highlights, because gold and iridium can not be fused together, it means that the gold is doped with iridium
2
first measure the weight of a piece of pure gold bar with a balance, then put the gold bar into a measuring cup and pour water to submerge the gold bar. Then put the detected gold bar into the measuring cup and observe whether the scale of water rises or falls. As long as it changes, it means that the gold bar is not pure gold. But if it is gold jewelry, this method is not applicable, because there is air in gold jewelry
Real gold is not afraid of fireburn the gold bar or gold jewelry on the fire for a while and observe the change. Because of the oxidation reaction between iridium and oxygen in the air, the gold bars with insufficient purity will turn gray; The pure gold will be bright red after being roasted. However, this method may have some damage to jewelry