What is the relationship between digital currency and digital ec
1. The concept range is different. bitcoin is a kind of digital currency, and the concept of digital currency covers bitcoin
However, some digital currencies have independent issuers The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total quantity of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity. The monetary system used to have no more than 10.5 million in four years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to 21 milliondigital currency is abbreviated as digiccy, which is the abbreviation of "digital currency" in English. It is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. Both digital gold coin and cryptocurrency belong to digiccy. Bitcoin is a digital currency
digital currency is different from the virtual currency in the virtual world, because it can be used for real goods and services transactions, not limited to online games. The early digital currency (digital gold currency) is a form of electronic currency named after the weight of gold
today's digital currencies, such as bitcoin, lettercoin and ppcoin, are electronic currencies created, issued and circulated by means of check sum cryptography. It is characterized by the use of P2P peer-to-peer network technology to issue, manage and circulate currency. In theory, it avoids bureaucratic examination and approval, so that everyone has the right to issue currency
illegal digital currency
in recent years, "virtual currency" represented by bitcoin, Ethernet currency and Leyte currency has been traded centrally on some Internet platforms. With the help of financial technology, the price of these "currencies" has graally spread to investment, financing and other financial fields, which has aroused wide attention from all walks of life
not long ago, the people's Bank of China and other seven ministries and commissions jointly issued the announcement on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, which clearly regulated the relevant behaviors. Experts pointed out that "virtual currency" is not legal tender (legal currency) issued by monetary authorities, but a specific virtual commodity in essence
therefore, it is undoubtedly a great legal and economic risk to think that "virtual currency" has or will have the nature of legal tender and to carry out speculation, network fund-raising, lending and financing
1. digital currency facing two risks. The first is the technical level. Digital currency relies on blockchain technology and a system, which will make it suffer from security impact, such as hacker attacks on computer systems. We have seen many practical problems in this process< Another risk of digital currency is credit risk. Because there are middlemen in digital currency transactions, these middlemen are different from real organizations. In reality, organizations can be seen and felt, but the middlemen of digital currency are on the Internet, so the risk is greater
3. Digital currency has the characteristics of anonymity, quickness and irrevocability. In addition, bitcoin and other digital currencies have high circulation in the world, so many criminals use digital currency as a new money laundering channel. Moreover, there are many different ways to realize money laundering through digital currency. Generally speaking, the probability of new money laundering being found and investigated is lower than before. Many countries have no effective means and technology to combat money laundering through digital currency. These factors lead to criminals prefer this way of money laundering
investment is risky and business should be cautious
blockchain is the core supporting technology of digital cryptocurrency system represented by bitcoin. The core advantage of blockchain technology is decentralization. It can realize point-to-point transaction, coordination and cooperation based on decentralized credit in a distributed system without mutual trust by means of data encryption, time stamp, distributed consensus and economic incentive, so as to solve the common high cost, low cost and low cost of centralized institutions Low efficiency and data storage insecurity provide solutions
the application fields of blockchain include digital currency, token, finance, anti-counterfeiting traceability, privacy protection, supply chain, entertainment, etc. with the popularity of blockchain and bitcoin, many related top domain names have been registered, which has a great impact on the domain name instry
taking the tourism instry as an example, blockchain applications mainly focus on tourism travel, tourism community reviews, digital identity management, credit consumption management, tracking pilot's professional certificate and qualification, loyalty plan of hotels and airlines, reservation management and consumption points management. In addition, blockchain also has applications in finance, games, entertainment and other fields.
1. Digital currency
digital currency is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. Both digital gold coin and password currency belong to digital currency
digital currency is different from the virtual currency in the virtual world, because it can be used for real goods and services transactions, not limited to online games. The early digital currency (digital gold currency) is a form of electronic currency named after the weight of gold. Today's digital currency, such as bitcoin, lightcoin and ppcoin, is an electronic currency created, issued and circulated by check sum cryptography
features: the use of P2P peer-to-peer network technology to issue, manage and circulate currency theoretically avoids bureaucratic examination and approval, so that everyone has the right to issue currency
Electronic money means that a certain amount of cash or deposit is exchanged from the issuer and the data representing the same amount is obtained. By using some electronic methods, the data is directly transferred to the payment object, so that the debt can be paid off. Strictly speaking, consumers pay traditional money to the issuers of electronic money, and the issuers store the equal value of traditional money in the electronic devices held by consumers in electronic form. In short, when we deposit money into our bank account, there will be an extra number in the bank account, which means how much money we have saved. In this process, we give the banknotes in our hands to the bank, and the bank adds a number to our bank card, which is our electronic currencyfeatures:
< UL >e-money and paper money (or physical money) can be easily converted to each other
the data of electronic currency corresponds to the same amount of physical currency
we need to pay physical money to the issuers of e-money (banks and other financial institutions) in order to exchange for the same amount of e-money
3. The similarity between digital currency and electronic currency: both exist in the form of electronic data
The differences between digital currency and electronic currency are as follows:electronic currency has an issuing institution, and the corresponding amount of physical currency in the institution can be exchanged with physical currency; However, digital currency has no specific issuing institution (decentralization) and can only exist in network data
at present, there is no international consensus on whether digital currency is a currency or not, so in China, the main form of digital currency is "investment proct", which is a rather risky investment proct, and only a few businesses are willing to accept digital currency consumption; Of course, some countries (Germany, etc.) have officially recognized the currency status of digital currency
Digital assets and digital currency are not the same thing
Digital assets refer to the non monetary assets owned or controlled by enterprises or indivials in the form of electronic data and held in daily activities for sale or in the process of proction. The emergence of digital assets benefits from office automation, digital assets rely on the development of electronic payment system, its prospects are predictable2. Digital currency
digital currency refers to the digitization of currency. Digitization doesn't mean scanning. This is just like digital signature. Digital signature does not mean scanning your signature into a digital image, or using the touchpad to obtain the signature, let alone your signature
digital currency is often mistaken for virtual currency. But virtual currency refers to non real currency. For example, when you play "Three Kingdoms" (game) or "grand Voyage", you have money, and that money is virtual. Of course, the virtual money will also have its real value
for example, if you buy her / his account from another player, you can get all the virtual assets of that player, and then it will be much easier for you to continue playing. Virtual money is not necessarily digital. For example, children play games with pebbles as virtual currency
extended data
characteristics of digital assets:
1. High price. Because these application software with special purpose is specially developed for a specific work, its cost is relatively high, and its price is not lower than the price of fixed assets of factory buildings
(2) strong attachment. Application software must be supported by computer hardware and system software in order to play its role3. Strong interaction. Even the simplest application software also has some interactive functions, such as the error prompt to the operator, which is the most basic advantage of IT instry procts
The quantity is infinite. Digital assets as assets are scarce (because not all enterprises or indivials can create digital assets), but its supply can be unlimited. However, tangible assets are always limited e to the limitation of property and storage space Cost decreasing. The proction cost of tangible assets is positively proportional to the proction quantity References:
Network: digital assets
Network: digital currency
The sentencing standards for the crime of fraud are as follows:
according to the criminal law of the people's Republic of China,
according to Article 266 of the criminal law of the people's Republic of China, whoever swindles public or private property with a relatively large amount shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention or public surveillance, and shall also, or shall only, be fined; If the amount is huge or if there are other serious circumstances, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than 10 years and shall also be fined; If the amount is especially huge or if there are other especially serious circumstances, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years or life imprisonment and be fined or have his property confiscated. Where there are other provisions in this law, such provisions shall prevail
Article 210 (2) Whoever swindles special VAT invoices or other invoices that can be used to swindle export tax refund or tax dection by deception shall be convicted and punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 266 of this law
Article 269 Whoever commits the crime of theft, swindling or snatching and uses violence or threatens violence on the spot in order to hide stolen goods, resist arrest or destroy criminal evidence shall be convicted and punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 263 of this lawArticle 300 (3) Whoever organizes or uses a religious sect or cult, or uses superstition to rape a woman or defraud property, shall be convicted and punished in accordance with the provisions of articles 236 and 266 of this Law respectively
Article 287 Whoever uses a computer to commit financial fraud, theft, embezzlement, misappropriation of public funds, theft of state secrets or other crimes shall be convicted and punished in accordance with the relevant provisions of this law
according to the interpretation of the Supreme People's court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate on Several Issues concerning the specific application of law in handling criminal cases of fraud, Article 1: the value of public and private property swindled is more than 3000 yuan to 10000 yuan, 30000 yuan to 100000 yuan, and 500000 yuan, It should be respectively identified as "large amount", "huge amount" and "especially huge amount" stipulated in Article 266 of the criminal law
the higher people's courts and people's procuratorates of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government may, in the light of the economic and social development of their respective regions and within the range of the amount specified in the preceding paragraph, jointly study and determine the specific amount standards to be implemented in their respective regions and report them to the Supreme People's court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate for the record
Article 2 any person who swindles public or private property to meet the amount standard specified in Article 1 of this interpretation may be punished severely according to the provisions of Article 266 of the criminal law under any of the following circumstances:
(1) publishing false information by sending short messages, making telephone calls or using the Internet, broadcasting television, newspapers and magazines, etc, (2) defrauding disaster relief, rescue, flood control, special care, poverty alleviation, immigration, relief, medical treatment and materials (3) defrauding in the name of disaster relief fund-raising (4) defrauding the property of the disabled, the elderly or the disabled (5) causing the victim to commit suicide Mental disorder or other serious consequences
if the amount of fraud is close to the standards of "huge amount" and "extremely huge amount" stipulated in Article 1 of this interpretation, and has one of the circumstances specified in the preceding paragraph or belongs to the ringleader of the fraud group, it shall be recognized as "other serious circumstances" and "other particularly serious circumstances" stipulated in Article 266 of the criminal law