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Publish: 2021-05-25 14:46:57
1. Approaching artificial intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has always been in the forefront of computer technology, and has experienced ups and downs...

for a long time, artificial intelligence is so unattainable for ordinary people, but it has attracted countless researchers to devote their talents to it From Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) to IBM, then to Honda and Sony in Japan, as well as Tsinghua University, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other research institutes in China, laboratories all over the world are concting experiments on AI technology. Not long ago, the famous director Steven Spielberg also put this theme on the screen. The science fiction film "artificial intelligence" (A.I.) has once again shaken many people's minds and aroused some people's interest in understanding and exploring the field of artificial intelligence

in this issue, several researchers from the open laboratory of intelligent information processing, Institute of computing technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences will lead us to the field of artificial intelligence, which is full of challenges and opportunities<

computer and artificial intelligence

& quot; Intelligence & quot; Originated from the Latin Legere, it literally means to collect (especially fruits), collect, gather, and choose from them to form a thing. There is to choose from them, and then understand, comprehend and recognize them. As Pamela McCormack pointed out in machines who thoughts (1979): there is a long-term relationship between complex mechanical devices and intelligence. From the mythical giant clocks and mechanical automata that appeared several centuries ago, people have intuitively linked the complexity of machine operation with some of their own intelligent activities. After centuries, new technology has greatly increased the complexity of the machines we build. In 1936, Turing, a 24-year-old British mathematician, proposed & quot; Automata & quot; Theory has greatly advanced the research of thinking machines and computers, and he is also known as & quot; The father of Artificial Intelligence & quot

the research in the field of artificial intelligence started in 1956. In this year, the & quot; Artificial intelligence & quot Artificial intelligence (AI). In the following decades, research has been carried out from the perspectives of problem solving, logical reasoning and theorem proving, natural language understanding, game theory, automatic programming, expert system, learning and robotics. Some computer systems with different degrees of artificial intelligence have been established, such as solving differential equations, designing and analyzing integrated circuits, and so on Synthetic human natural language, information retrieval, multi-mode interface for speech recognition and handwriting recognition, expert system for disease diagnosis and control of spacecraft and underwater robot are more close to our life. We are familiar with IBM's & quot; Dark blue & quot; In the chessboard defeated the chess master Kasparov is a more prominent example

of course, the development of artificial intelligence has not been smooth sailing. It has also been at a low ebb e to the limitation of computer computing power, the inability to imitate the thinking of human brain, and the gap with the actual demand is too far. However, with the development of hardware and software, the computing power of computer is growing exponentially, and network technology is booming, Make sure that the computer has enough conditions to run some more demanding AI software, and now the AI has more practical application foundation. Since the 1990s, artificial intelligence research has reached a new climax

we have the honor to interview researcher Shi Zhong of the open laboratory of intelligent information processing, Institute of computing technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and ask him and his lab members to lead us to the field of artificial intelligence, which makes ordinary people feel profound but has infinite charm

Q: at present, there is a new upsurge in the research of artificial intelligence, so what are the new research hotspots and practical applications

A: AI research has reached a new climax, which is e to the new progress in artificial intelligence theory on the one hand, and the rapid development of computer hardware on the other. With the continuous improvement of computer speed, the continuous expansion of storage capacity, the continuous rection of price and the continuous development of network technology, many of the original work can not be completed now has been realized. At present, there are three hotspots in AI research: intelligent interface, data mining, agent and multi-agent system

intelligent interface technology is to study how to make people easily and naturally communicate with computers. In order to achieve this goal, the computer is required to be able to understand the text, understand the language, speak and express, and even translate between different languages. The realization of these functions depends on the research of knowledge representation methods. Therefore, the research of intelligent interface technology has both great application value and basic theoretical significance. At present, the intelligent interface technology has made remarkable achievements, such as character recognition, speech recognition, speech synthesis, image recognition, machine translation and natural language understanding

data mining is a process of extracting latent, unknown and potentially useful information and knowledge from a large number of, incomplete, noisy, fuzzy and random practical application data. The research of data mining and knowledge discovery has formed three powerful technical pillars: database, artificial intelligence and mathematical statistics. The main research contents include basic theory, discovery algorithm, data warehouse, visualization technology, qualitative and quantitative exchange model, knowledge representation method, maintenance and reuse of discovery knowledge, knowledge discovery in semi-structured and unstructured data, and online data mining

subject is an entity with mental states such as belief, desire, intention, ability, choice and commitment, which is more granular, intelligent and autonomous than object. The agent tries to complete the task autonomously and independently, and can interact with the environment, communicate with other agents, and achieve the goal through planning. Multi agent system mainly studies the coordinated intelligent behavior among logically or physically separated agents, and finally realizes the problem solving. Multi agent system tries to use agents to simulate human rational behavior, which is mainly used in the simulation of the real world and society, robots and intelligent machinery. At present, the research on agent and multi-agent system mainly focuses on the theory of agent and multi-agent, the architecture and organization of agent, agent language, cooperation and coordination between agents, communication and interaction technology, multi-agent learning and multi-agent system application

Q: you have studied in the field of artificial intelligence for decades, participated in many national key research projects, and are very clear about the current research situation in the field of artificial intelligence at home and abroad. What do you think of the current research situation of artificial intelligence in China

A: China began to & quot; 863 Plan & quot; It's the upsurge of artificial intelligence all over the world& quot; 863-306" The name of the topic is & quot; Intelligent computer system;, Its task is to fully explore the potential of the existing computer on the basis of the analysis of the existing computer in the application of defects and & quot; Bottleneck;, Using artificial intelligence technology to overcome these problems and establish a more harmonious human-machine environment. After more than ten years of efforts, we have shortened the gap between China's artificial intelligence technology and the world's advanced level, and also laid a technical and talent foundation for future development

however, it should be noted that there are still some problems in the research of artificial intelligence in China, which are characterized by scattered topics, more application projects, less basic research, and insufficient combination of theoretical research and practical application needs. When choosing a topic, it is easy to follow the foreign topic; It is used to consider how to do in foreign countries in project demonstration; When implementing projects, they often take into account all aspects, large and comprehensive; In addition, e to the limitation of research funding, many topics have not made a theoretical breakthrough, nor much practical value

in the future, the proportion of basic research should be appropriately increased, and artificial intelligence research must be combined with application requirements. Scientific research stresses innovation, and innovation must be tested by application and market. Therefore, we should not only be good at finding solutions to problems, but also find the most urgent problems to be solved and the most urgent market needs to be met

Q: can you predict where artificial intelligence will develop in the future

A: the development of technology is always beyond people's imagination. It is impossible to accurately predict the future of artificial intelligence. However, from some prospective studies, we can see that the future AI may develop in the following aspects: fuzzy processing, parallelization, neural network and machine emotion

at present, the reasoning function of artificial intelligence has made a breakthrough, and the learning and association functions are being studied. The next step is to imitate the fuzzy processing function of human right brain and the parallel processing function of the whole brain. Artificial neural network is a new field of artificial intelligence application in the future. The composition of intelligent computer in the future may be the combination of von Neumann machine as host and artificial neural network as intelligent peripheral. Research shows that: emotion is a part of intelligence, not separated from intelligence, so the next breakthrough in the field of artificial intelligence may be to give computer emotional ability. Emotional ability is very important for the natural communication between computer and human

artificial intelligence has always been in the forefront of computer technology. The theory and discovery of artificial intelligence research will determine the development direction of computer technology to a great extent. Today, there are many achievements of artificial intelligence research into people's daily life. In the future, the development of artificial intelligence technology will bring greater impact on people's life, work and ecation

what is artificial intelligence

artificial intelligence, also known as machine intelligence, is a comprehensive discipline developed by the mutual penetration of computer science, cybernetics, information theory, neurophysiology, psychology, linguistics and other disciplines. From the perspective of computer application system, artificial intelligence is to study how to make artificial intelligent machine or intelligent system to simulate the ability of human intelligent activities, so as to extend the science of human intelligence<

the practicability of AI theory

in the robot football match held in the annual at & T laboratory, the & quot; Players & quot; All of them are equipped with AI software and many sensors. They know exactly where they should kick, and they also know that they can't stick to their posts in some cases. Although the current AI technology can only make them in the state of personal dribbling most of the time, their ability of transmission and connection is improving rapidly

this kind of AI robot team playing seems boring, but it has strong practical significance. Because this kind of activity can strengthen the cooperation ability between machines. We know that the Internet is composed of countless servers and routers. The role of routers is to select channels for their respective data and transmit them. If we make use of some resources, we can make full use of them
2. LZ is very thoughtful...... these things are beyond words. I recommend you to read the papers on AI, which will be much clearer
3. Although oberstone seems to have a high level, it is not cost-effective to take this thing. The best ore in Gao'an is plagioclase and hydroborax, and the new person recommends plagioclase. This has been recognized by Eve veteran and has been calculated by data, so dig oblique length, it must be right
4. We have heard about it; Ear & quot; With C & quot; Door O & quot;, It's G & quot; Smell & quot; Niu 1 crosses the bridge of a single tree - the answer to the word "O" is "Sheng", P is on the left, and X is on the right - the answer to the word "F" is "Shuang 8", showing originality 4 - the answer to the word "t" is "Jin 4", 6. Tao is a marriage, and it's just the same (rhyme) 3. The cycle of music is 8. Different specifications can be gathered (shoes) 1. Listen to the songs on both sides. The flute starts to sing, and the West and East (poke) 0. The drum music of the far Qiang people rises (HU) 0 again. Book 0 music and drum 4. Guanyin (vision) 3. Daze uprising V discerning fox sound (Lake) 30. Listen to the sound, known as 8 Shang (Yin) 50. Book 1 accompanies me to live in Maozhai (Shu) 22. Listen to the song in the East Lake Pavilion. Listen to the music of Qin (Qin) 24. Xiaou bridge Xingyue 4 listen to Xiao Sheng (Xiao) 61. Ancient style 1 (louse) 45 in front of yinshichuan M. There are cows, horses, sheep and pigs (Zhu) 52. Day 0 nearly long, 4 An is far away, meet on the banquet h wild goose sound (banquet) 34. Spring has gone with the water 4, Li makeup should be 5 reading 3 (comb). 14 Double 1 peak overlapping shadow like sleep, return bird rock 1 language has private (SI) 50. Ju Peng Yun you u Shang X Yuan w Ju (Yan) 64. Half blush on the river t (tune) 30. I want Liu Bian to leave voice (Zhu) 64. A is a horse, K is a horse, C is a summer 42. The tangent of raindrop sound on sky Z is 0 (W) 78. Cloud B long a sound cut 8 sigh not without n (have) 73. Gu Hu sincerely forgives his sins (GU) 86. After reading English
5. You're the only one who's ever done it. The door is almost closed
But without seeing you what? I am not like you
I am becoming I miss you terribly
Kissing your photo
I'm fine;39; s shit
Because we know more than anyone else
We are a couple like Romeo and Juliet
Like brother and sister
And much more solid what we both experienced
Stays forever and ever
But it doesn't make it any easier
But it only makes it much worse
You're like not my outcast star
Bu like no other has ever been before You
And You give everything for me
I am always there for You
For so you are
And when I go then only a part of me goes
And if you go you stay your arms here
So are you, And when I sleep, only a part of me falls asleep
And the other part sleeps with you
I see your hand in my hand
And nothing could be nicer
I was alone with you for the first time in my life
We checked quickly and yet nothing happened
All day laughing and trying
So I think to you and to the summer with you
To the hours between flowers please believe me
The time with you was like a sea in flames
Now go I am far from you and yet we remain together
You are like no other star
Bu like no one else has ever been before you
And you give everything for me
I am always there for you
Because that's how you are
And when I go then only a part of me goes
And if you go you stay your arms here
So are you, only you
And if I sleep then only a part of me sleeps
And the other part sleeps with you
So are you
And if I go then only a part of me goes and you go and you stay your arms here
So are you, only you
And if I sleep then only a part of me sleeps
And the other one sleeps with you
And if I dieAnd if you die you will stay your love here
And if I cry<35;39; then only a part of me cries
and the other one stays with you
6. I usually find a friend to form a team, he does, I follow him, but he has no influence and reputation. If you want to be in a star domain
one person can only do transportation tasks
there are special mining missions in Empire, star mining in Alfred Garrett, and level 1-4 mining missions in the galaxy

but have you turned around yet? No, Let's forget it. Let's increase our reputation by doing transportation tasks. When you start to maneuver, you'll consider doing mining tasks above level 2
the mining task is OK. I'll give you a chance to collect gas clouds.
7. Mitch's? It is said that you repeatedly do mining tasks, and then give you a story line. There is a certain probability that the story line will be this. You can see if the LP of the mining and drilling group can be replaced by this plug
on the other hand, I'm the battle number. The story line plug I used to make was dropped after hitting the building
the evil of interstellar amusement park
8. When you receive a mission, the column in the mission space will prompt you what forces you are targeting (Empire missions are generally targeted at pirates, occasionally against hostile Empire forces)
if it is aimed at an empire, attacking and destroying them will lose their reputation
if not, the reputation will not be lost
after completing 16 tasks, there will be important storyline tasks, which will greatly increase the reputation of the corresponding giver and rece its hostile reputation.
9. 1、 Reputation improvement calculation
you can often see a record like 0.2602% in the reputation reward report. How much reputation has this value increased?
the original reputation increased = 0.2602% × 10 - original reputation before increase) + original reputation before increase
for example: original reputation is 5, increase reputation by 0.5112%:
final original reputation = 0.5112% × (10-5) + 5 = 5.02556
2. Reputation rection calculation
in the reputation reward report, we often see a record that looks like -0.2602%. How much reputation has this value reced:
the original reputation after rection = -0.2602% × 10 + original reputation before lowering) + original reputation before lowering
for example: original reputation is 5, lowering reputation by - 0.5112%:
final original reputation = -0.5112% × (10 + 5) + 5 = 4.92332
thirdly, the influence of sociological skills on reputation
reputation has two values, one is the original reputation (not affected by skills), the other is the effective reputation (the value of the original reputation affected by skills). All the increase and decrease of reputation are carried out on the original reputation, and all the requirements for reputation refer to the effective reputation
1. Relationalism increases reputation
effective reputation = (10 original reputation) × Relational grade × 0.04 + original prestige
2. Politics increases prestige
effective prestige = (10 - original prestige) × Political Science grade × 04 + original reputation, for original reputation & lt; 0 Legion is effective
3. Compound reputation calculation rules:
according to the principle of calculating the original reputation first, and then calculating the influence of skills
for example: a legion a has 1 original reputation for you, 2 relational level, and 0.5112% reputation bonus for completing a task
original reputation before task: 1
valid reputation before task: (10-1) × two × 04 + 1 = 1.72
original reputation after task: 1 + (10-1) × 5112% = 1.046008
effective reputation after task: (10-1.046008) × two × 0.04 + 1.046008 = 1.76232736
rounding principle and precision
the numbers stored in the database are more accurate (about 10-20 decimal places), and the display is based on the rounding principle< Conclusion: 1. The lower the prestige of the Legion, the more effective the relationship science and political science are, and they have little influence on the legion with high prestige (even at level 5). If the original reputation of a certain Legion has reached 9.90, even if you study level 5 relationship, you can only increase it to 9.92
2. Unless the reputation is set to 10 at the beginning of the system, you can never reach the reputation of 10, but you can reach the reputation of "display" of 10, because Eve reputation display is rounded. As long as you reach 9.995, it will be displayed as 10, but the actual reputation can only be infinitely close to 10, and it is impossible to reach 10
3. The influence of reputation increase or decrease with the same absolute value, such as 1% and - 1%, on reputation is different:
when your reputation is positive, the influence of lowering reputation is greater
when your reputation is negative, the influence of increasing reputation is greater
for example: original reputation 9, Compare the increase of reputation by 10% and decrease of reputation by - 10%:
original reputation after increase = 9.1
original reputation after decrease = 7.1
for example: original reputation 0, compare the increase of reputation by 10% and decrease of reputation by - 10%:
original reputation after increase = 1
original reputation after decrease = - 1
for example: original reputation - 9, Compare the increase of reputation by 10% and decrease of reputation by - 10%:
the original reputation after increase = - 7.1
the original reputation after decrease = - 9.1
so when your reputation is already very high, be careful not to rece the reputation, otherwise it may be equivalent to your free increase of dozens or even hundreds of times. When reputation is close to 0, the reputation of rejecting a task is equivalent to the reputation of completing a task.
10. Power reputation has an impact in a certain area. For example,
gadari's reputation affects the reputation of each NPC Legion under him.
when you are a force subordinate's Legion reputation, you will increase the power reputation, However, the reputation of the enemy forces will decline, because you can't do the other party's tasks and can't go to the other party's area.
for example, if you do a mission in gadari to kill the galent monster, it will rece the galent's national reputation. If it is reced to about - 2, the galent Legion's advanced tasks can't be accepted, -You will be attacked by NPC when you go to galent's territory around 5.

Legion reputation is a separate reputation system. You can only increase your reputation when you do Legion tasks.
reputation has a high impact on how many levels of tasks you can do.

agent reputation is a branch of Legion reputation, which has little impact and is basically useless.

many skills in sociology are very important for task party, Not only reputation, but also reward. Rece reputation loss.. But for the less glamorous gadari, it's hard to hang up skills
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