Consensus algorithm digital currency
Publish: 2021-05-23 06:30:46
1. There are many consensus mechanisms in the blockchain. The advantage of the pow consensus mechanism behind bitcoin, the most influential one, is that it is secure and can not be tampered with. The disadvantage is that it is too slow to process only seven transactions a second
2. At present, there are four main types of consensus mechanisms: pow, POS, dpos, pool
1. POW workload proof, which is familiar with mining, calculates a random number that meets the rules through and or operation, that is, obtains the bookkeeping right, sends out the data that needs to be recorded in this round, and stores it together with other nodes in the whole network after verification
advantages: complete decentralization, free access of nodes
disadvantages: bitcoin has attracted most of the computing power in the world, and other blockchain applications using POW consensus mechanism are difficult to obtain the same computing power to ensure their own security; Mining causes a lot of waste of resources; The period of reaching consensus is long, which is not suitable for commercial application.
2. Proof of rights and interests of POS, a mechanism of upgrading consensus of pow; According to the token proportion and time of each node; It can rece the difficulty of mining in equal proportion, so as to speed up the speed of finding random numbers< Advantages: to a certain extent, it shortens the time to reach a consensus
disadvantages: mining is still needed, which does not solve the pain point of commercial application in essence
3. Dpos share authorization certification mechanism is similar to the voting of the board of directors, in which the coin holders cast a certain number of nodes to verify and account on their behalf
advantages: greatly rece the number of participating verification and accounting nodes, which can achieve second level consensus verification
disadvantages: the whole consensus mechanism still depends on token, and many commercial applications do not need token to exist
4. Pool verification pool, which is based on traditional distributed consistency technology and data verification mechanism; It is a consensus mechanism widely used in the instry chain at present.
advantages: it can work without token, and realizes second level consensus verification on the basis of mature distributed consistency algorithms (pasox and raft)
disadvantages: the degree of decentralization is not as good as that of bictin; The multi center business model is more suitable for multi-party participation
it has great advantages in using consensus mechanism to ensure data consistency (the consensus mechanism is first proposed by ripple, and the network transaction synchronization mechanism with data correctness priority. In the consensus network, no matter how the software code changes, if you can't reach a consensus, you can't enter the network, let alone fork)
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PS: a little black, although the consensus mechanism can absolutely ensure that there will be no hard bifurcation at any time. However, the disadvantage of this mechanism is obvious, that is, it is much longer than the current bitcoin network to reach a consensus with other nodes. In extreme cases, the consequences of disconnection in ripple consensus mechanism network are also very terrible
it is possible that one day after the power failure in your home, the whole system will no longer be able to reach a consensus with other rippled nodes (in fact, the consensus mechanism requires more than 80% of the nodes to acknowledge your data before your submission will be accepted by other nodes, otherwise it will be rejected by exclusive nodes), Even you can only empty all your 500 GB data and resynchronize to connect to other ripple nodes
so at present, the existing rippled end is not suitable for civil use (if it is commercial, the impact is relatively small. For example, RL's own rippled node is hosted in Amazon cloud data center. If it has no response for a long time, it can make high claims, and there is almost no break in that place except for large disasters). This is one of the aspects RL has always wanted to improve.
1. POW workload proof, which is familiar with mining, calculates a random number that meets the rules through and or operation, that is, obtains the bookkeeping right, sends out the data that needs to be recorded in this round, and stores it together with other nodes in the whole network after verification
advantages: complete decentralization, free access of nodes
disadvantages: bitcoin has attracted most of the computing power in the world, and other blockchain applications using POW consensus mechanism are difficult to obtain the same computing power to ensure their own security; Mining causes a lot of waste of resources; The period of reaching consensus is long, which is not suitable for commercial application.
2. Proof of rights and interests of POS, a mechanism of upgrading consensus of pow; According to the token proportion and time of each node; It can rece the difficulty of mining in equal proportion, so as to speed up the speed of finding random numbers< Advantages: to a certain extent, it shortens the time to reach a consensus
disadvantages: mining is still needed, which does not solve the pain point of commercial application in essence
3. Dpos share authorization certification mechanism is similar to the voting of the board of directors, in which the coin holders cast a certain number of nodes to verify and account on their behalf
advantages: greatly rece the number of participating verification and accounting nodes, which can achieve second level consensus verification
disadvantages: the whole consensus mechanism still depends on token, and many commercial applications do not need token to exist
4. Pool verification pool, which is based on traditional distributed consistency technology and data verification mechanism; It is a consensus mechanism widely used in the instry chain at present.
advantages: it can work without token, and realizes second level consensus verification on the basis of mature distributed consistency algorithms (pasox and raft)
disadvantages: the degree of decentralization is not as good as that of bictin; The multi center business model is more suitable for multi-party participation
it has great advantages in using consensus mechanism to ensure data consistency (the consensus mechanism is first proposed by ripple, and the network transaction synchronization mechanism with data correctness priority. In the consensus network, no matter how the software code changes, if you can't reach a consensus, you can't enter the network, let alone fork)
- - - - - - - -
PS: a little black, although the consensus mechanism can absolutely ensure that there will be no hard bifurcation at any time. However, the disadvantage of this mechanism is obvious, that is, it is much longer than the current bitcoin network to reach a consensus with other nodes. In extreme cases, the consequences of disconnection in ripple consensus mechanism network are also very terrible
it is possible that one day after the power failure in your home, the whole system will no longer be able to reach a consensus with other rippled nodes (in fact, the consensus mechanism requires more than 80% of the nodes to acknowledge your data before your submission will be accepted by other nodes, otherwise it will be rejected by exclusive nodes), Even you can only empty all your 500 GB data and resynchronize to connect to other ripple nodes
so at present, the existing rippled end is not suitable for civil use (if it is commercial, the impact is relatively small. For example, RL's own rippled node is hosted in Amazon cloud data center. If it has no response for a long time, it can make high claims, and there is almost no break in that place except for large disasters). This is one of the aspects RL has always wanted to improve.
3. Chongqing jinwowo analysis distributed consensus algorithm:
the blockchain system uses the distributed consensus algorithm to generate and update data, which eliminates the possibility of illegal tampering with data from the technical level, thus replacing the third-party intermediary institutions in traditional applications to ensure trust and transaction security, and recing the time cost, human cost and resource consumption caused by maintaining credit.
the blockchain system uses the distributed consensus algorithm to generate and update data, which eliminates the possibility of illegal tampering with data from the technical level, thus replacing the third-party intermediary institutions in traditional applications to ensure trust and transaction security, and recing the time cost, human cost and resource consumption caused by maintaining credit.
4. POW: proof of work (POW), a simple explanation is a proof to confirm that you have done a certain amount of work. Because the whole process of monitoring work is usually extremely inefficient, and it is a very efficient way to prove that the corresponding workload has been completed through the certification of the work results. For example, in real life, graation certificate, driver's license and so on, are obtained by means of test results. That is to say, how much money you get depends on your effective contribution to mining. Simply understand, the better your computer performance, the more revenue you will get. This is to allocate money according to your workload. Most digital currencies, such as bitcoin, lightcoin, etc., are virtual currencies based on POW mode (the higher the computing power, the longer the mining time, the more coins you get)
pos: POS is a consensus algorithm in the public chain, which can be used as a replacement of pow algorithm. POW is a mechanism to ensure the security of bitcoin, Ethereum and many other blockchains, but POW algorithm is criticized for destroying the environment and wasting power in the process of mining. POS tries to solve these problems by replacing the concept of mining with a different mechanism
POS mechanism can be described as a kind of virtual mining. POS mainly relies on the token in the blockchain itself. In pow, a user may buy a computer for 1000 dollars, join the network to mine and proce new blocks, and get a reward. In POS, users can buy tokens of equal value with us $1000 and put them into the POS mechanism as deposit, so that users have the opportunity to generate new blocks and get rewards. In pow, if users spend $2000 on hardware equipment, they will of course get twice the computing power to mine, thus getting twice the reward. Similarly, if you invest twice as much token as the deposit in the POS mechanism, you have twice as much chance to get the right to generate new blocks.
pos: POS is a consensus algorithm in the public chain, which can be used as a replacement of pow algorithm. POW is a mechanism to ensure the security of bitcoin, Ethereum and many other blockchains, but POW algorithm is criticized for destroying the environment and wasting power in the process of mining. POS tries to solve these problems by replacing the concept of mining with a different mechanism
POS mechanism can be described as a kind of virtual mining. POS mainly relies on the token in the blockchain itself. In pow, a user may buy a computer for 1000 dollars, join the network to mine and proce new blocks, and get a reward. In POS, users can buy tokens of equal value with us $1000 and put them into the POS mechanism as deposit, so that users have the opportunity to generate new blocks and get rewards. In pow, if users spend $2000 on hardware equipment, they will of course get twice the computing power to mine, thus getting twice the reward. Similarly, if you invest twice as much token as the deposit in the POS mechanism, you have twice as much chance to get the right to generate new blocks.
5. I just came into contact with this project recently. I hope it can help you
FST network is a blockchain application technology service platform, which is committed to further application of blockchain. Its pillar proct FST network engine mole is an infrastructure built for enterprises to save development time. The FST network engine mole, through comprehensive molar logic construction, allows anyone to manage the certificate business without coding environment, reces the threshold of the blockchain development community, and saves the development cycle.
FST network is a blockchain application technology service platform, which is committed to further application of blockchain. Its pillar proct FST network engine mole is an infrastructure built for enterprises to save development time. The FST network engine mole, through comprehensive molar logic construction, allows anyone to manage the certificate business without coding environment, reces the threshold of the blockchain development community, and saves the development cycle.
6. 下面列出30种共识算法
1. 工作量证明(PoW,Proof of Work)
2. 权益证明(PoS,Proof of Stake)
3. 延迟工作量证明(dPoW,Delayed Proof-of-Work)
4. 授权 PoS(DPoS,Delegated Proof-of-Stake)
5. 权威证明(PoA,Proof-of-Authority)
6. 权重证明(PoWeight,Proof-of-Weight)
7. 声誉证明(PoR,Proof of Reputation)
8. 所用时间证明(PoET,Proof of Elapsed Time)
9. 容量证明(PoC,Proof of Capacity),也称为空间证明(PoSpace,Proof of Space)
10. 历史证明(PoHistory,Proof of History)
11. 权益流通证明(PoSV,Proof of Stake Velocity)
12. 重要性证明(PoImportance,Proof of Importance)
13. 烧毁证明(PoBurn,Proof of Burn)
14. 身份证明(PoI,Proof of Identity)
15. 活动证明(PoActivity,Proof Of Activity)
16. 时间证明(PoTime,Proof of Time)
17. 存在证明(PoExistence,Proof of Existence)
18. Ouroboros
19. 可收回证明(PoR,Proof of Retrievability)
20. 拜占庭容错(Byzantine Fault Tolerance)
21. 授权拜占庭容错算法(dBFT,Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance)
22. RAFT
23. 恒星共识(Stellar Consensus)
24. 置信度证明(PoB,Proof of Believability)
25. 有向无环图(DAG,Directed Acyclic Graphs)
26. Tangle(IOTA)
27. Hashgraph
28.Holochain
29. Block-Lattice(Nano)
30.SPECTRE
1. 工作量证明(PoW,Proof of Work)
2. 权益证明(PoS,Proof of Stake)
3. 延迟工作量证明(dPoW,Delayed Proof-of-Work)
4. 授权 PoS(DPoS,Delegated Proof-of-Stake)
5. 权威证明(PoA,Proof-of-Authority)
6. 权重证明(PoWeight,Proof-of-Weight)
7. 声誉证明(PoR,Proof of Reputation)
8. 所用时间证明(PoET,Proof of Elapsed Time)
9. 容量证明(PoC,Proof of Capacity),也称为空间证明(PoSpace,Proof of Space)
10. 历史证明(PoHistory,Proof of History)
11. 权益流通证明(PoSV,Proof of Stake Velocity)
12. 重要性证明(PoImportance,Proof of Importance)
13. 烧毁证明(PoBurn,Proof of Burn)
14. 身份证明(PoI,Proof of Identity)
15. 活动证明(PoActivity,Proof Of Activity)
16. 时间证明(PoTime,Proof of Time)
17. 存在证明(PoExistence,Proof of Existence)
18. Ouroboros
19. 可收回证明(PoR,Proof of Retrievability)
20. 拜占庭容错(Byzantine Fault Tolerance)
21. 授权拜占庭容错算法(dBFT,Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance)
22. RAFT
23. 恒星共识(Stellar Consensus)
24. 置信度证明(PoB,Proof of Believability)
25. 有向无环图(DAG,Directed Acyclic Graphs)
26. Tangle(IOTA)
27. Hashgraph
28.Holochain
29. Block-Lattice(Nano)
30.SPECTRE
7. Generally speaking, the competition of blockchain public chain is fierce now, because the public chain project is the foundation of blockchain ecology, and the public chain is a super project with huge system, extremely complex and extremely difficult. At present, the overall market situation is similar to that in the early days of the computer system, which started with the development of technology; Linux operating system and UNIX (Younis) are changing, but in the end, windows dominates and apple OS coexists for a long time< br />
at present, Ethereum and EOS are the most popular public chains. However, the market value of EOS has plummeted after its epic loophole recently, which has been downplayed by many media. Often the most promising at the beginning may not win in the end. Recently, because of their innovative consensus algorithm, they proposed quite innovative CPOs and focused on a new public chain project
their name is gaiaworld public chain, and their CPOs consensus algorithm is their core technology. Specific technical details can go to the official website to see the white paper, in short, TPS speed has reached a new height, faster than Ethereum, and can support the layout of large projects< br />
at the same time, they have innovated two other technologies. Parallel chain technology can make it easier for other developers to release side chains, and then aegis protocol, which is a specific smart contract protocol 160;< br />
now there are so many air projects, it's really hard to distinguish the good from the bad, but I think the technology platform is the future
hope to adopt
at present, Ethereum and EOS are the most popular public chains. However, the market value of EOS has plummeted after its epic loophole recently, which has been downplayed by many media. Often the most promising at the beginning may not win in the end. Recently, because of their innovative consensus algorithm, they proposed quite innovative CPOs and focused on a new public chain project
their name is gaiaworld public chain, and their CPOs consensus algorithm is their core technology. Specific technical details can go to the official website to see the white paper, in short, TPS speed has reached a new height, faster than Ethereum, and can support the layout of large projects< br />
at the same time, they have innovated two other technologies. Parallel chain technology can make it easier for other developers to release side chains, and then aegis protocol, which is a specific smart contract protocol 160;< br />
now there are so many air projects, it's really hard to distinguish the good from the bad, but I think the technology platform is the future
hope to adopt
8. POC is the abbreviation of proof of capacity. As the name suggests, it is an algorithm that determines the block generation right by the storage capacity. POC consensus mechanism is expressed in a more popular language, that is, CPU and GPU are used to budget a pile of lottery numbers, and then fill the hard disk. Mining is to find the winning lottery numbers
at present, pow (proof of workload) is used in most digital currency mining. Only burst, Bhd and newbi use POC consensus mechanism.
at present, pow (proof of workload) is used in most digital currency mining. Only burst, Bhd and newbi use POC consensus mechanism.
9. Now dpos is basically labeled as a centralized blockchain. I also think it goes against the spirit of blockchain. Por consensus protocol is a new consensus mechanism proposed by Baker chain. It is hatched by Whitfield Diffie's cryptographic labs, the father of public key and winner of Turing prize. This lab is the best network security lab in the world.
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