Ole digital currency
Publish: 2021-05-20 11:46:41
1.
Access database provides 10 data types for fields, which are as follows:
1. Text: used to input data of text or combination of text and number, the maximum length is 255 characters (bytes), and the default value is 50. In access, every Chinese character and all special characters (including Chinese punctuation) are counted as one character
2. Currency: it is used to store currency value, accounting for 8 bytes, and rounding is forbidden in calculation
3. Number: data that can be used for numerical calculation, except currency. According to the field size, the numeric field is divided into seven types: byte, integer, long integer, single precision, double precision, synchronous ID and decimal, accounting for 1, 2, 4, 4, 8, 16 and 12 bytes respectively
4. Date / time type: used to store date and / or time value, accounting for 8 bytes
5. AutoNumber: it is used to automatically insert the serial number (increasing by 1 or random number each time) when adding records. It is long integer by default and can also be changed to synchronous ID. AutoNumber cannot be updated
6, yes / no type: used to represent logical value (yes / no, true / false), accounting for 1 byte
7. Memo: used for long text or combination of long text and numbers (more than 255 characters), with a maximum length of 65535 characters
8. OLE object: it is used for OLE objects (such as word documents, Excel spreadsheets, pictures, sounds, etc.) created in other programs using OLE protocol. It can store up to 1GB (limited by disk space)
9. Hyperlink: used to store hyperlink address, with a maximum of 64000 characters
10. Lockup Wizard: allows users to select values from other tables or value lists through combo box or list box. The actual field type and length depend on the data source
source of reference: network Microsoft Office Access
source of reference: network data type source of reference
2. Ble TB alter column AA byte number [byte]
alter table tb alter column AA long number [long integer]
alter table tb alter column AA short number [integer]
alter table tb alter column aa single number [single precision]
alter table tb alter column AA double number [double precision]
alter table tb alter column AA currency
alter table Table tb alter column AA char text
alter table tb alter column AA text (n) text, Where n is the field size
alter table tb alter column AA binary
alter table tb alter column AA counter auto number
alter table tb alter column AA memo
alter table tb alter column AA time date / time
in the design view of the table, each field has a design type, Access allows nine data types: text, note, value, date / time, currency, auto number, yes / no, OLE object, hyperlink, Query Wizard
text: this type allows a maximum of 255 characters or numbers. The default size of access is 50 characters, and the system only saves the characters entered into the field, not the empty characters in the unused position in the text field. You can set the field size property to control the maximum length of characters that can be entered
note: this type is used to store long text and numbers. It allows fields to store up to 64000 characters. But access can't sort or index the memo field, but it can sort and index the text field. Although the text can be searched in the note field, it is not as fast as in the indexed text field
number: this field type can be used to store digital data for arithmetic calculation. Users can also set the "field size" attribute to define a specific number type. Any font type specified as a digital data type can be set to "byte", "integer", "long integer", "single precision", "double precision", "synchronous ID", etc There are five types of decimal. In access, the default is double
date / time: this type is used to store date, time or date time together. Each date / time field needs 8 bytes of storage space
currency: this type is a special type of numeric data type, which is equivalent to numeric field type with double precision attribute. When you enter data into the currency field, you do not need to type the RMB symbol and the comma at the thousand place. Access will automatically display the RMB symbol and comma, and add two decimal places to the currency field. When there are more than two decimal places, access will round the data. The accuracy is 15 digits to the left and 4 digits to the right of the decimal point
automatic numbering: this type is special. Each time a new record is added to the table, access will automatically insert a unique sequence or random number, that is, specify a value in the automatic numbering field. Once the AutoNumber is specified, it is permanently connected to the record. If you delete a record in a table that contains an AutoNumber field, access will not renumber the AutoNumber field. When adding a record, access no longer uses the value of the deleted auto number field, but re assigns the value according to the increasing rule
Yes / No: this kind of field is set up for a field that contains only two different optional values. Through the format characteristics of yes / no data type, users can select Yes / no fields
OLE object: this field means that the field allows to "link" or "embed" OLE objects separately. When adding data to OLE object fields, OLE objects that can be linked or embedded in access tables refer to objects created in other ole protocol programs, such as word documents, Excel spreadsheets, images, sounds or other binary data. OLE object fields can be up to 1GB, which is mainly limited by disk space
hyperlink: this field is mainly used to save the hyperlink, including the text as the hyperlink address or the combination of characters and numbers stored in the form of text. When you click a hyperlink, the web browser or access will reach the specified destination according to the hyperlink address. Hyperlinks can contain up to three parts: first, the text displayed in the field or control; The second is the path to the file or page; The third is the address in the file or page. The easiest way to insert a hyperlink address into this field or control is to click the hyperlink command on the Insert menu
lookup Wizard: this field type provides users with a list of fields to create. You can select the contents listed in the list as the contents of the added fields
Yes No, add true / false or 0 / 1
alter table tb alter column AA long number [long integer]
alter table tb alter column AA short number [integer]
alter table tb alter column aa single number [single precision]
alter table tb alter column AA double number [double precision]
alter table tb alter column AA currency
alter table Table tb alter column AA char text
alter table tb alter column AA text (n) text, Where n is the field size
alter table tb alter column AA binary
alter table tb alter column AA counter auto number
alter table tb alter column AA memo
alter table tb alter column AA time date / time
in the design view of the table, each field has a design type, Access allows nine data types: text, note, value, date / time, currency, auto number, yes / no, OLE object, hyperlink, Query Wizard
text: this type allows a maximum of 255 characters or numbers. The default size of access is 50 characters, and the system only saves the characters entered into the field, not the empty characters in the unused position in the text field. You can set the field size property to control the maximum length of characters that can be entered
note: this type is used to store long text and numbers. It allows fields to store up to 64000 characters. But access can't sort or index the memo field, but it can sort and index the text field. Although the text can be searched in the note field, it is not as fast as in the indexed text field
number: this field type can be used to store digital data for arithmetic calculation. Users can also set the "field size" attribute to define a specific number type. Any font type specified as a digital data type can be set to "byte", "integer", "long integer", "single precision", "double precision", "synchronous ID", etc There are five types of decimal. In access, the default is double
date / time: this type is used to store date, time or date time together. Each date / time field needs 8 bytes of storage space
currency: this type is a special type of numeric data type, which is equivalent to numeric field type with double precision attribute. When you enter data into the currency field, you do not need to type the RMB symbol and the comma at the thousand place. Access will automatically display the RMB symbol and comma, and add two decimal places to the currency field. When there are more than two decimal places, access will round the data. The accuracy is 15 digits to the left and 4 digits to the right of the decimal point
automatic numbering: this type is special. Each time a new record is added to the table, access will automatically insert a unique sequence or random number, that is, specify a value in the automatic numbering field. Once the AutoNumber is specified, it is permanently connected to the record. If you delete a record in a table that contains an AutoNumber field, access will not renumber the AutoNumber field. When adding a record, access no longer uses the value of the deleted auto number field, but re assigns the value according to the increasing rule
Yes / No: this kind of field is set up for a field that contains only two different optional values. Through the format characteristics of yes / no data type, users can select Yes / no fields
OLE object: this field means that the field allows to "link" or "embed" OLE objects separately. When adding data to OLE object fields, OLE objects that can be linked or embedded in access tables refer to objects created in other ole protocol programs, such as word documents, Excel spreadsheets, images, sounds or other binary data. OLE object fields can be up to 1GB, which is mainly limited by disk space
hyperlink: this field is mainly used to save the hyperlink, including the text as the hyperlink address or the combination of characters and numbers stored in the form of text. When you click a hyperlink, the web browser or access will reach the specified destination according to the hyperlink address. Hyperlinks can contain up to three parts: first, the text displayed in the field or control; The second is the path to the file or page; The third is the address in the file or page. The easiest way to insert a hyperlink address into this field or control is to click the hyperlink command on the Insert menu
lookup Wizard: this field type provides users with a list of fields to create. You can select the contents listed in the list as the contents of the added fields
Yes No, add true / false or 0 / 1
3. You have access to the access to the 3333333333333333333333333 /> datetime adDate
decimal adNumeric
float adDouble
int adInteger
money adCurrency
varBinary adVarBinary
varChar adVarChar
decimal adNumeric
float adDouble
int adInteger
money adCurrency
varBinary adVarBinary
varChar adVarChar
4. . Hangzhou Visa Center - "joint visa application center" can receive the following countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Italy, Lithuania, Spain, Sweden
address: 7 / F, block a, China Resources Plaza, 1366 Qianjiang Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou
Metro: Line 2 Qianjiang Road station; Line 4 - Jiangjin Road Station
address: 7 / F, block a, China Resources Plaza, 1366 Qianjiang Road, Jianggan District, Hangzhou
Metro: Line 2 Qianjiang Road station; Line 4 - Jiangjin Road Station
5. "Text C", "remark m", "number n", "date / time d", "yes / no l"
in the database foundation, only these five are briefly defined
in the database foundation, only these five are briefly defined
6. Chapter 1 overview of access
7.
Standardize function
the formula syntax and usage of standardize function in Microsoft Excel
description_ The normalized value of the distribution represented by dev
syntax
standardize (x, mean, standard)_ Dev)
standardize function syntax has the following parameters:
x required. Values that need to be normalized
mean is necessary. The arithmetic mean of the distribution
standard_ Dev is required. The standard deviation of the distribution
remarks
if standard_ If dev ≤ 0, standardize returns an error value of num
The formula of
normalized value is:
example:
the sample data, and then paste it into A1 cell of the new EXCEL worksheet. To make formulas display results, select them, press F2, and then press enter. If necessary, adjust the column width to see all the data
the data indicates the value of
42 to be normalized
The arithmetic mean of40 distribution
1.5
the formula
= standardize (A2, A3, A4)
describes the normalized value of 42 when the arithmetic mean value is 40 and the standard deviation is 1.5
results
1.33333333
apply to: Excel 2016, excel 2010, excel starter, excel 2013, excel online, excel 2016 for Mac, Excel for Mac 2011, Excel 2007
8. Format EXCEL cells as text
9. Access allows nine data types: text, remarks, value, date / time, currency, auto number, yes / no, OLE object, hyperlink and Query Wizard. In the design view of a table, each field has a design type
text: this type allows a maximum of 255 characters or numbers. The default size of access is 50 characters, and the system only saves the characters entered into the field, not the empty characters in the unused position in the text field. You can set the field size property to control the maximum length of characters that can be entered
note: this type is used to store long text and numbers. It allows fields to store up to 64000 characters. But access can't sort or index the memo field, but it can sort and index the text field. Although the text can be searched in the note field, it is not as fast as in the indexed text field
number: this field type can be used to store digital data for arithmetic calculation. Users can also set the "field size" attribute to define a specific number type. Any font type specified as a digital data type can be set to "byte", "integer", "long integer", "single precision number", "double precision number", "synchronous ID", etc There are five types of decimal. In access, the default is double
date / time: this type is used to store date, time or date time together. Each date / time field needs 8 bytes of storage space
currency: this type is a special type of numeric data type, which is equivalent to numeric field type with double precision attribute. When you enter data into the currency field, you do not need to type the RMB symbol and the comma at the thousand place. Access will automatically display the RMB symbol and comma, and add two decimal places to the currency field. When there are more than two decimal places, access will round the data. The accuracy is 15 digits to the left and 4 digits to the right of the decimal point
automatic numbering: this type is special. Each time a new record is added to the table, access will automatically insert a unique sequence or random number, that is, specify a value in the automatic numbering field. Once the AutoNumber is specified, it is permanently connected to the record. If you delete a record in a table that contains an AutoNumber field, access will not renumber the AutoNumber field. When adding a record, access no longer uses the value of the deleted auto number field, but re assigns the value according to the increasing rule
Yes / No: this kind of field is set up for a field that contains only two different optional values. Through the format characteristics of yes / no data type, users can select Yes / no fields
OLE object: this field means that the field allows to "link" or "embed" OLE objects separately. When adding data to OLE object fields, OLE objects that can be linked or embedded in access tables refer to objects created in other ole protocol programs, such as word documents, Excel spreadsheets, images, sounds or other binary data. OLE object fields can be up to 1GB, which is mainly limited by disk space
hyperlink: this field is mainly used to save the hyperlink, including the text as the hyperlink address or the combination of characters and numbers stored in the form of text. When you click a hyperlink, the web browser or access will reach the specified destination according to the hyperlink address. Hyperlinks can contain up to three parts: first, the text displayed in the field or control; The second is the path to the file or page; The third is the address in the file or page. The easiest way to insert a hyperlink address into this field or control is to click the hyperlink command on the Insert menu
lookup Wizard: this field type provides users with a list of field contents to create. You can select the contents listed in the list as the contents added to the field
text: this type allows a maximum of 255 characters or numbers. The default size of access is 50 characters, and the system only saves the characters entered into the field, not the empty characters in the unused position in the text field. You can set the field size property to control the maximum length of characters that can be entered
note: this type is used to store long text and numbers. It allows fields to store up to 64000 characters. But access can't sort or index the memo field, but it can sort and index the text field. Although the text can be searched in the note field, it is not as fast as in the indexed text field
number: this field type can be used to store digital data for arithmetic calculation. Users can also set the "field size" attribute to define a specific number type. Any font type specified as a digital data type can be set to "byte", "integer", "long integer", "single precision number", "double precision number", "synchronous ID", etc There are five types of decimal. In access, the default is double
date / time: this type is used to store date, time or date time together. Each date / time field needs 8 bytes of storage space
currency: this type is a special type of numeric data type, which is equivalent to numeric field type with double precision attribute. When you enter data into the currency field, you do not need to type the RMB symbol and the comma at the thousand place. Access will automatically display the RMB symbol and comma, and add two decimal places to the currency field. When there are more than two decimal places, access will round the data. The accuracy is 15 digits to the left and 4 digits to the right of the decimal point
automatic numbering: this type is special. Each time a new record is added to the table, access will automatically insert a unique sequence or random number, that is, specify a value in the automatic numbering field. Once the AutoNumber is specified, it is permanently connected to the record. If you delete a record in a table that contains an AutoNumber field, access will not renumber the AutoNumber field. When adding a record, access no longer uses the value of the deleted auto number field, but re assigns the value according to the increasing rule
Yes / No: this kind of field is set up for a field that contains only two different optional values. Through the format characteristics of yes / no data type, users can select Yes / no fields
OLE object: this field means that the field allows to "link" or "embed" OLE objects separately. When adding data to OLE object fields, OLE objects that can be linked or embedded in access tables refer to objects created in other ole protocol programs, such as word documents, Excel spreadsheets, images, sounds or other binary data. OLE object fields can be up to 1GB, which is mainly limited by disk space
hyperlink: this field is mainly used to save the hyperlink, including the text as the hyperlink address or the combination of characters and numbers stored in the form of text. When you click a hyperlink, the web browser or access will reach the specified destination according to the hyperlink address. Hyperlinks can contain up to three parts: first, the text displayed in the field or control; The second is the path to the file or page; The third is the address in the file or page. The easiest way to insert a hyperlink address into this field or control is to click the hyperlink command on the Insert menu
lookup Wizard: this field type provides users with a list of field contents to create. You can select the contents listed in the list as the contents added to the field
10. What is rundll32.exe? As the name suggests, "execute a 32-bit DLL file.". Its function is to execute the internal functions in the DLL file. In this way, there will only be rundll32.exe in the process, and there will not be processes with DLL backdoor. In this way, the process hiding is realized. If you see multiple rundll32.exes in the system, don't panic. This proves how many DLL files have been started with rundll32.exe. Of course, we can find all the DLL files executed by rundll32.exe from the place where the system automatically loads them
now, let me introce rundll32.exe, which means that the function of rundll32.exe is to call the DLL from the command line. There is also a rundll.exe file in the system, which means "execute a 16 bit DLL file". Here you should pay attention to it. Let's take a look at the function prototype used by rundll32.exe:
void callback functionname (
hWnd, hWnd,
hinstance hint,
lptstr, lpcmdline,
int nCmdShow
)
its command line usage is: rundll32.exe, dllname, functionname [arguments]
dllname is the DLL file name to be executed; Functionname is the specific export function of the DLL file to be executed[ Arguments] is the specific parameter of the leading function
talk about the function of rundll32.exe (I'm a rookie)
friends who often use Windows 9x must be familiar with rundll32.exe and rundll.exe. However, since the functions of these two programs were originally limited to the internal use of Microsoft, few friends really know how to use them. Well, if you don't know, let me tell you
first of all, please do a small experiment (please save the result of the program you are running in advance, otherwise...): click "start program MS DOS mode", enter DOS window, then type rundll32.exe, user.exe, restartwindows, and then press enter, you will see that the machine has been restarted! Well, isn't that interesting
of course, the function of rundll is not just to restart your machine. Rundll32.exe is different from rundll.exe in that rundll32.exe calls a 32-bit link library, while rundll32.exe calls a 16 bit link library. Their command format is:
rundll.exe,,
three points should be noted here: 1. DLL file name cannot contain spaces, for example, the file is located in C: &# 92; ProgramFiles\ Directory, you need to change the path to C: &; Progra～1\ 2. There should be no less commas between DLL file name and DLL entry point, otherwise the program will make an error and will not give any information! 3. This is the most important point: rundll cannot be used to call DLL with return value parameters, such as getuser name () and gettextface () in Win32 API. In visual basic, an instruction shell is provided to run an external program in the following format:
shell "command line"
if you can use the shell instruction well with rundll32.exe, your VB program will have the effect that is difficult or even impossible to achieve by other methods: take restart as an example, the traditional method requires you to create a mole in VB project first, Then write the declaration of WinAPI, and finally call in the program. Now, just one sentence:
shell "rundll32.exe, user.exe, restartwindows" is enough! Is it more convenient
in fact, rundll32.exe has unique advantages in calling various windows control panels and system options. Next, I will list the instructions about rundll that I collected on the Internet as follows (very useful, can save you a lot of time calling Windows API!), For your reference in programming:
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll
function: display control panel
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll access.cpl,, 1
function: display "control panel auxiliary options keyboard" option window
command line: rundll32.exe shell32.dll, control_ Rundll access.cpl,, 2
function: display "control panel auxiliary options sound" option window
command line: rundll32.exe shell32.dll, control_ Rundll access.cpl,, 3
function: display "control panel auxiliary options display" option window
command line: rundll32.exe shell32.dll, control_ Rundll access.cpl,, 4
function: display "control panel auxiliary options mouse" option window
command line: rundll32.exe shell32.dll, control_ Rundll access.cpl,, 5
function: display "control panel auxiliary options traditional" option window
command line: rundll32.exe shell32.dll, control_ Rundll sysdm.cpl @ 1
function: execute "control panel - add new hardware" wizard
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, shhelpshortcuts_ Rundll addprinter
function: execute the "control panel - add new printer" wizard
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll appwiz.cpl,, 1
function: display the "control panel - add / Remove Programs - install / uninstall" panel
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll appwiz.cpl,, 2
function: display "control panel - add / Remove Programs - install windows" panel
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll appwiz.cpl,, 3
function: display "control panel - add / Remove Programs - startup disk" panel
command line: rundll32.exe, syncui.dll, briefcase_ Create
function: create a new "my briefcase" on the desktop
command line: rundll32.exe, disk.dll, diskrundll
function: display the floppy disk window
command line: rundll32.exe, apwiz.cpl, newlinkhere% 1
function: display the "create shortcut" dialog box, the location of the shortcut is determined by the% 1 parameter
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll timedate.cpl,, 0
function: display the date and time option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll timedate.cpl,, 1
function: display "time zone" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, rnaui.dll, rnadial [name of a dial-up connection]
function: display the dial-up window of a dial-up connection. If a dial-up connection has been made, the current connection status window is displayed
command line: rundll32.exe, rnaui.dll, rnawizard
function: display the window of new dial up connection wizard
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll desk.cpl,, 0
function: display "display properties background" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll desk.cpl,, 1
function: display "display properties - screen protection" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll desk.cpl,, 2
function: display "display properties appearance" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll desk.cpl,, 3
function: display "display properties - Properties" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, shhelpshortcuts_ Rundll fontsfolder
function: display the font folder of windows
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 3
function: it also displays the "font" folder of windows
command line: rundll32.exe shell32.dll, shformatdrive
function: display the format floppy disk dialog box
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll joy.cpl,, 0
function: display "control panel - game controller - General" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll joy.cpl,, 1
function: display "control panel game controller advanced" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, mshtml.dll, printhtml (HTML document)
function: print HTML document
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mlcfg32. CPL
function: display Microsoft Exchange general options window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 0
function: display "control panel mouse" option
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 1
function: display "control panel - Keyboard properties - speed" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 1,, 1
function: display "control panel keyboard properties language" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 2
function: display windows "printer" folder
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 3
function: Display Windows font folder
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 4
function: display "control panel - input method properties - input method" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll modem.cpl,, add
function: execute the "add new Modem" wizard
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mmsys.cpl,, 0
function: display "control panel multimedia properties audio" property page
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mmsys.cpl,, 1
function: display "control panel multimedia properties video" property page
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mmsys.cpl,, 2
function: display "control panel multimedia properties MIDI" property page
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mmsys.cpl,, 3
function: display "control panel - Multimedia properties - CD music" property page
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mmsys.cpl,, 4
function: display "control panel multimedia properties device" property page
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mmsys.cpl @ 1
function: display "control panel - sound" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll netcpl.cpl
function: display "control panel - Network" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll ODBC cp32. CPL
function: display ODBC 32 data management options window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, openas_ RunDLL {drive:\ path\ File name}
function: display the specified file (drive: & # 92; path\ File name)
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll password. CPL
function: display "control panel - password" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll powercfg.cpl
function: display the "control panel - power management properties" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, shhelpshortcuts_ Rundll printersfolder
function: display windows "printer" folder Same as rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main. CPL @ 2)
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll intl.cpl,, 0
function: display "control panel"
now, let me introce rundll32.exe, which means that the function of rundll32.exe is to call the DLL from the command line. There is also a rundll.exe file in the system, which means "execute a 16 bit DLL file". Here you should pay attention to it. Let's take a look at the function prototype used by rundll32.exe:
void callback functionname (
hWnd, hWnd,
hinstance hint,
lptstr, lpcmdline,
int nCmdShow
)
its command line usage is: rundll32.exe, dllname, functionname [arguments]
dllname is the DLL file name to be executed; Functionname is the specific export function of the DLL file to be executed[ Arguments] is the specific parameter of the leading function
talk about the function of rundll32.exe (I'm a rookie)
friends who often use Windows 9x must be familiar with rundll32.exe and rundll.exe. However, since the functions of these two programs were originally limited to the internal use of Microsoft, few friends really know how to use them. Well, if you don't know, let me tell you
first of all, please do a small experiment (please save the result of the program you are running in advance, otherwise...): click "start program MS DOS mode", enter DOS window, then type rundll32.exe, user.exe, restartwindows, and then press enter, you will see that the machine has been restarted! Well, isn't that interesting
of course, the function of rundll is not just to restart your machine. Rundll32.exe is different from rundll.exe in that rundll32.exe calls a 32-bit link library, while rundll32.exe calls a 16 bit link library. Their command format is:
rundll.exe,,
three points should be noted here: 1. DLL file name cannot contain spaces, for example, the file is located in C: &# 92; ProgramFiles\ Directory, you need to change the path to C: &; Progra～1\ 2. There should be no less commas between DLL file name and DLL entry point, otherwise the program will make an error and will not give any information! 3. This is the most important point: rundll cannot be used to call DLL with return value parameters, such as getuser name () and gettextface () in Win32 API. In visual basic, an instruction shell is provided to run an external program in the following format:
shell "command line"
if you can use the shell instruction well with rundll32.exe, your VB program will have the effect that is difficult or even impossible to achieve by other methods: take restart as an example, the traditional method requires you to create a mole in VB project first, Then write the declaration of WinAPI, and finally call in the program. Now, just one sentence:
shell "rundll32.exe, user.exe, restartwindows" is enough! Is it more convenient
in fact, rundll32.exe has unique advantages in calling various windows control panels and system options. Next, I will list the instructions about rundll that I collected on the Internet as follows (very useful, can save you a lot of time calling Windows API!), For your reference in programming:
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll
function: display control panel
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll access.cpl,, 1
function: display "control panel auxiliary options keyboard" option window
command line: rundll32.exe shell32.dll, control_ Rundll access.cpl,, 2
function: display "control panel auxiliary options sound" option window
command line: rundll32.exe shell32.dll, control_ Rundll access.cpl,, 3
function: display "control panel auxiliary options display" option window
command line: rundll32.exe shell32.dll, control_ Rundll access.cpl,, 4
function: display "control panel auxiliary options mouse" option window
command line: rundll32.exe shell32.dll, control_ Rundll access.cpl,, 5
function: display "control panel auxiliary options traditional" option window
command line: rundll32.exe shell32.dll, control_ Rundll sysdm.cpl @ 1
function: execute "control panel - add new hardware" wizard
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, shhelpshortcuts_ Rundll addprinter
function: execute the "control panel - add new printer" wizard
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll appwiz.cpl,, 1
function: display the "control panel - add / Remove Programs - install / uninstall" panel
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll appwiz.cpl,, 2
function: display "control panel - add / Remove Programs - install windows" panel
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll appwiz.cpl,, 3
function: display "control panel - add / Remove Programs - startup disk" panel
command line: rundll32.exe, syncui.dll, briefcase_ Create
function: create a new "my briefcase" on the desktop
command line: rundll32.exe, disk.dll, diskrundll
function: display the floppy disk window
command line: rundll32.exe, apwiz.cpl, newlinkhere% 1
function: display the "create shortcut" dialog box, the location of the shortcut is determined by the% 1 parameter
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll timedate.cpl,, 0
function: display the date and time option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll timedate.cpl,, 1
function: display "time zone" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, rnaui.dll, rnadial [name of a dial-up connection]
function: display the dial-up window of a dial-up connection. If a dial-up connection has been made, the current connection status window is displayed
command line: rundll32.exe, rnaui.dll, rnawizard
function: display the window of new dial up connection wizard
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll desk.cpl,, 0
function: display "display properties background" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll desk.cpl,, 1
function: display "display properties - screen protection" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll desk.cpl,, 2
function: display "display properties appearance" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll desk.cpl,, 3
function: display "display properties - Properties" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, shhelpshortcuts_ Rundll fontsfolder
function: display the font folder of windows
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 3
function: it also displays the "font" folder of windows
command line: rundll32.exe shell32.dll, shformatdrive
function: display the format floppy disk dialog box
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll joy.cpl,, 0
function: display "control panel - game controller - General" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll joy.cpl,, 1
function: display "control panel game controller advanced" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, mshtml.dll, printhtml (HTML document)
function: print HTML document
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mlcfg32. CPL
function: display Microsoft Exchange general options window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 0
function: display "control panel mouse" option
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 1
function: display "control panel - Keyboard properties - speed" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 1,, 1
function: display "control panel keyboard properties language" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 2
function: display windows "printer" folder
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 3
function: Display Windows font folder
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main.cpl @ 4
function: display "control panel - input method properties - input method" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll modem.cpl,, add
function: execute the "add new Modem" wizard
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mmsys.cpl,, 0
function: display "control panel multimedia properties audio" property page
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mmsys.cpl,, 1
function: display "control panel multimedia properties video" property page
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mmsys.cpl,, 2
function: display "control panel multimedia properties MIDI" property page
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mmsys.cpl,, 3
function: display "control panel - Multimedia properties - CD music" property page
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mmsys.cpl,, 4
function: display "control panel multimedia properties device" property page
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll mmsys.cpl @ 1
function: display "control panel - sound" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll netcpl.cpl
function: display "control panel - Network" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll ODBC cp32. CPL
function: display ODBC 32 data management options window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, openas_ RunDLL {drive:\ path\ File name}
function: display the specified file (drive: & # 92; path\ File name)
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll password. CPL
function: display "control panel - password" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll powercfg.cpl
function: display the "control panel - power management properties" option window
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, shhelpshortcuts_ Rundll printersfolder
function: display windows "printer" folder Same as rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll main. CPL @ 2)
command line: rundll32.exe, shell32.dll, control_ Rundll intl.cpl,, 0
function: display "control panel"
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