B20 index of digital currency
3. Option contract is a kind of agreement, which can give traders the right to buy or sell assets at a predetermined price before a specific date or on a specific date. Option contracts are trading derivatives that can be based on a wide range of underlying assets, including stocks and cryptocurrencies. These contracts may also come from information such as financial indicators. Generally, option contracts are used to hedge the risk of existing positions and speculative transactions.
the media's attention to the central bank's digital currency has increased significantly, especially after Zuckerberg testified in Congress on the Libra issue and Christina Lagarde acknowledged the "clear demand" for stable currency at her first media reception as president of the European Central Bank, which seems to have changed the public's view on this matter, Let many people in cryptocurrency community think that cbdcs is in sight<
according to the latest survey report released by the bank for International Settlements, central banks in the past seven years have been investigating this technology and assessing its impact. Of the 63 central banks surveyed, 55 said they were unlikely to issue cbdcs in the next three years, and only one reported that they were "highly likely to issue large-scale cbdcs in the next three to six years."
although the proportion of central banks studying cbdcs is very high, the crux of the problem is that it is mainly theoretical and investigative work. Only five central banks have concted more in-depth research and real project development or experimentation - but that still does not mean that they will necessarily issue cbdcs
through close observation, it is more and more obvious that both Libra recently released by Facebook and the new stable currency assets have had a significant impact on the central bank. Today's situation took hundreds of years to form, but it changed in a few months; Competition, the most terrifying and unfamiliar concept that has never been thought of before and penetrated into the elite society of central banks, is now knocking at the door
it can be said that the solution to the current situation is still unclear. Some people who are familiar with these things even say that they are bluffing. However, in Lagarde's own words, the slow and wait-and-see regulatory approach can no longer meet the needs
1. What is central bank digital currency<
what is the difference between central bank digital currency CBDC and other digital currencies
CBDC is a new form of currency, which is directly issued by the central bank in digital form as legal tender. The current form of legal currency is cash, reserve deposit or balance settlement< There are two main differences between CBDC and other digital currencies (including cryptocurrency and other forms of central bank currency):
1. CBDC has nothing to do with cryptoassets. They're not decentralized, they don't have to be blockchain based, and they're certainly not anonymous, they're not unlicensed, they're not censored< 2. Contrary to the current digital cash, the operation structure of CBDC will be different from other forms of central bank currency. CBDC has more powerful functions. They are programmable, can generate interest, can be cleared in near real time, and have cheaper handling charges and wider openness
when designing CBDC, the speed of central banks is different. Different central banks adopt their own approach. However, in general, there are three problems being explored: whether CBDC should be based on token or account number, whether CBDC should be batch (only open to banks) or retail (open to the public), and whether it should be based on DLT
when CBDC is to be implemented, things will become complicated, and there are many thorny problems to be considered
for example, once CBDC is launched, does it need to cancel cash? Should CBDC carry interest? Should they have face value like cash? Or linked to the total price index? What impact will this have on commercial banks? What about anonymity and privacy? All these questions need to be answered<
2. Motivation for issuing CBDC
in the 2017 staff discussion paper, the Bank of Canada gave six reasons for issuing CBDC in an article entitled "central bank digital currency: motivation and impact":
1. Ensure that the central bank provides sufficient cash to the public, and maintain the seigniorage revenue of the central bank
2, Support non-traditional monetary policy
3. Rece overall risk and improve financial stability
4. Improve payment competitiveness
5. Promote financial inclusiveness
6. Curb criminal activities
looking back at the bank for International Settlements survey we analyzed earlier, payment security and domestic efficiency are selected as the most important motives of the central bank. According to a large number of papers published by the central bank and other large financial institutions, for developed countries, the transformation into a cashless society is the main driving factor, while for developing countries, financial inclusiveness, cost rection and operational efficiency are the main motivation
throughout the rest of the reports and the literature that can be found, the fierce competition brought about by bitcoin and other innovations in the cryptocurrency instry, as well as the clear need for "one step ahead", of course, are not listed as the reasons for issuing CBDC< The advantages and potential risks of CBDC are very low.
if the central bank starts to launch CBDC and succeeds in the end, there are many potential benefits
from a technical point of view, CBDC is much better than the current form of legal currency. They can be tracked better, collect taxes more conveniently, transmit monetary policy better, have better financial inclusiveness, and rece the cost of procing physical currency
the most obvious advantage is that payment is cheaper and faster, whether it is domestic payment or cross-border payment
in addition to the design and implementation problems, a key problem of issuing CBDC is that CBDC may increase the risk of bank operation. However, this only happens when banks promise that their deposits can be converted into CBDC on demand, which is not necessarily the case, according to the Bank of England document
4. Facts on the ground
how far is it from us to see a real CBDC appear in the market? It's hard to estimate, but at present, we can sum up the current situation in one sentence: all talk but no practice
if we put aside the failed digital currencies of Ecuador, Tunisia and Venezuela, we can only do theoretical research, a small amount of experiments, and issue some feasible CBDC issuance announcements supported by the state in the future
the most famous CBDC projects in progress are: e-peso in Uruguay (the project was successfully tested in 2018), DCEP in China, "project Inthanon" in Thailand, e-krona in Sweden (still in the research stage)...
5. The revolution has not yet been successful, and comrades still need to work hard
considering the factors mentioned above, Most of the headlines about CBDC's upcoming release are groundless. All projects scheled to be released this year have been delayed
in fact, there is still a long way to go for the birth of CBDC, and to convince the public, we need more than a statement. Given the current situation, it seems that CBDC and other cryptocurrencies may not affect each other - at least for now.
It's better to be careful when building an online investment platform. The income and risk are proportional to each other. This is the constant truth of investment. Many of these investment platforms are unreliable now. In a word, if you are more cautious, there are too many chaos and scams in the name of investment. Many of them are for the purpose of cheating money. The higher the income, the greater the risk. It's a regular P2P investment platform, and there are many problems, Especially in the current economic downturn, I haven't heard of this investment, but if I tell you that the expected return is far greater than the normal interest rate, there is a great possibility of fraud
digital currency is abbreviated as digiccy, which is the abbreviation of "digital currency" in English, and is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. Both digital gold coin and cryptocurrency belong to digiccy
digital currency is a kind of unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of specific virtual communities. The European Banking authority defines virtual currency as a digital representation of value, which is not issued by the central bank or authorities, nor linked with legal currency. However, because it is accepted by the public, it can be used as a means of payment, or it can be transferred, stored or traded in electronic form
Futures:
futures, whose English name is futures, is totally different from spot. Spot is actually tradable goods (commodities). Futures are mainly not goods, but standardized tradable contracts based on certain popular procts such as cotton, soybean, oil, and financial assets such as stocks and bonds. Therefore, the subject matter can be a commodity (such as gold, crude oil, agricultural procts) or a financial instrument
the days of futures settlement can be one week later, one month later, three months later, or even one year later
a contract or agreement to buy or sell futures is called a futures contract. The place where futures are traded is called the futures market. Investors can invest or speculate in futures
foreign exchange:
foreign exchange, English name is foreign currency, which is the creditor's rights that the monetary Administration (central bank, monetary management institution, foreign exchange stabilization fund and the Ministry of Finance) can use in the event of balance of payments deficit in the form of bank deposits, treasury bonds of the Ministry of finance, long-term and short-term government securities, etc
it includes foreign currency, foreign currency deposits, foreign currency securities (government bonds, treasury bonds, corporate bonds, stocks, etc.), and foreign currency payment certificates (bills, bank deposit certificates, postal savings certificates, etc.)
as of 2015, China ranked first in the world in terms of foreign exchange reserves. But the United States, Japan, Germany and other state-owned private foreign exchange reserves, the country's overall foreign exchange reserves are much higher than China.
This is a Linux system IP address configuration command. The specific meaning is:
set the IP address of the system to 192.168.0.2; The subnet mask is 24, that is 255.255.255.0; The broadcast address is 192.168.0.255; The name of NIC device is eth0
all computers in the network must set a unique IP address to communicate normally. Because of this unique address, users can select the objects they need from thousands of computers efficiently and conveniently when they operate on networked computers
The IP address is just like our home address. If you want to write to a person, you need to know his or her address so that the postman can deliver the letter. A computer sending information is like a postman. It must know the only "home address" to avoid sending the letter to the wrong person. But our address is expressed in words, the address of the computer is expressed in binary numbers eth0 is the name set by the system for the network card. If there are al network cards or multiple network cards, there will be names like eth1 and eth2. The name can be set artificially. It is the unique name of the network card in the current computer system
damorro, twilight forest, wetland, Irvine forest, rotal, barren land, rockmodan, western wilderness, Chiji mountain, tirisfa woodland, Silverpine forest, black coast, mogare, Hillsbrad hills, gray Valley, thousand needle stone forest, bleak land, Shizhuo mountain, Yongge forest, ghost land, Miran Island, Secret blood island
65 tin mine low-grade area
Twilight forest, wetland, st and mud swamp, barren land, thorn Valley, altrank mountains, rockmodan, western wilderness, Chiji mountain, alaxi highland, silver pine forest, black coast, Hillsbrad hills, gray Valley, thousand needle stone forest, desolate land, Shizhuo mountain, ghost land, Secret blood island
Bronze Ingot 1 copper ingot + 1 tin ingot = 2 bronze ingot smelting Bronze Ingot requires mining skills (65)
75 silver mine
barren land, sad swamp, twilight forest, wetland, st swamp, barren land, thorn Valley, otalk mountains, lockmodan, western wilderness, Chiji mountain, alaxi highland, hindland, silver pine forest, black coast, Hillsbrad hills, gray Valley, Filas, Thousand needle stone forest, desolate land, stone claw mountain range, tanalis, land of the ghost, secret blood island
Silver Mine covered with mud
125 iron ore
barren land, sad swamp, twilight forest, wetland, st and mud swamp, thorn Valley, otalk mountain range, Arashi highland, sintland, scorching Canyon, Hillsbrad hills, gray Valley, firas, thousand needle stone forest, desolate land, stone claw mountain range, Tanalis
155 gold mines occur in middle and high-grade areas
barren land, curse land, sad swamp, twilight forest, wetland, st and mud swamp, Isala, West plague land, thorn Valley, otalk mountains, alaxi highland, burning plain, cintland, scorching Canyon, East plague land, Hillsbrad hills, gray Valley, firas, fewood forest, thousand needle stone forest, desolate land, Shizhua mountain range, tanalis, Angolo crater, Dongquan Valley, xilisus
Gold Mine covered with soft mud
ingot 1 iron ingot + 1 coal = 1 ingot smelting ingot requires mining skills (165)
175 there are middle and high grade areas of Mithril vein
barren land, curse land, sad swamp, st mud swamp, Isala, West plague land, thorn Valley, otank mountain range, Alaxi Highlands, burning plains, singland, scorching Canyon, east pestilence, Hillsbrad hills, firas, feywood forest, thousand needle stone forest, bleak land, stone claw mountain range, tanalis, Angolo crater, winter spring valley, silysus
mud covered secret silver mine
230 true silver ore
barren land, curse land, sadness swamp, st swamp, Isala, Pestilence of the west, thorn Valley, altrank mountains, alaxi Highlands, burning plains, cintland, scorching Canyon, pestilence of the East, Filas, feywood forest, thousand needle stone forest, desolate land, Shizhuo mountains, tanalis, Angolo crater, winter spring valley, hilisus
true silver covered by soft mud
230 black iron vein
burning plains, scorching Canyon, Blackstone abyss
250 silver ore veins
curse land, West plague land, burning plain, sintland, scorching Canyon, East plague land, Filas, feywood forest, tanalis, Angolo crater, winter spring valley, sirisus
silver ore covered with soft mud
275 Silver ore of fuser
Isala, West plague land, burning plain, East plague land, Angolo crater, Dongquan Valley, Hellfire Peninsula
fuser silver deposit covered by soft mud
source of black iron ore: Burning Plain, scorching Canyon, Blackstone abyss, heart of molten fire
learn to smelt black iron ingot: learn it in the hall of Seven Sages in Blackstone abyss (the second NPC on the right hand). Materials required: 20 gold ingots, 10 real silver ingots, 2 Ruby; You need the Blackstone abyss key - the dark furnace key (task - the legacy of black iron) to turn on and off. The key is to go through the Blackstone bar and ask the bar owner Prag to buy 6 bottles of black iron wine cups for NPC or complete the task of enchantment NPC<
300-330
mainly mined moxa veins (Hellfire Peninsula, zanga swamp)
330-355
mainly mined moxa veins and refined gold veins (nagland)
355-375
mainly mined moxa veins and refined gold veins (shadow Moon Valley, tyroca forest)
distribution of world of Warcraft ore occurrences
black coast: copper, tin, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, tin, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper, tin, copper, copper, copper, copper, copper Silver mine
damolo: Copper Mine
lota: Copper Mine
locomodan: copper mine, tin mine
mogaorei: Copper Mine
wetland: copper mine, tin mine, silver mine, iron mine
barren land: copper mine, tin mine, silver mine, iron mine
Irvine forest: Copper Mine
Shizhuo mountain: copper mine, tin mine, silver mine, iron mine, Mitsui
western wilderness: copper mine Tin, silver
ash Valley: copper, tin, silver, iron
chijishan: copper, tin
thousand needle Stone Forest: copper, tin, silver, iron, silver
Twilight forest: copper, tin, iron, gold
desolate place: copper, tin, silver, iron, silver Gold mine
tirisfalin: Copper Mine
st mud swamp: copper mine, tin mine, iron mine, gold mine, silver mine
Yinsong forest: copper mine, tin mine, silver mine
tanalis: Iron Mine, gold mine, silver mine, silver mine
Hillsbrad hills: copper mine, tin mine, silver mine, iron mine
Filas: Iron Mine, gold mine, silver mine, silver mine Selin
altrank Mountains: copper, tin, iron ore, gold, Mithril
Isala: gold, Mithril, true silver, Selin, Fortier silver
arahi highlands: tin, silver, iron ore, Mithril
fewood forest: gold, Mithril, true silver, Selin
thorn Valley: tin, silver, iron ore, gold, Mithril True silver
angoro crater: gold, Mithril, true silver, sehril, fuhril
barren land: silver, iron ore, gold, Mithril, true silver
sirisus: Mithril, true silver, sehril, fuhril
sad swamp: iron, Mithril
Dongquan Valley: gold, Mithril, true silver, sehril, fuhril
scorching Canyon: iron, Mithril, sehril, fuhril Black iron
tedasher: there are no ore spots at present
sintland: silver mine, iron mine, gold mine, secret silver, true silver, Se silver
moonlight woodland: there are no ore spots at present
curse land: gold mine, secret Silver, true silver, Se silver
Burning Plain: gold mine, secret silver, true silver, black iron, Se silver, Fu se silver
West plague land: gold mine, secret silver, true silver, Se silver Fuser silver
East plague land: gold mine, secret silver, true silver, Se silver, fuser Silver