What is the English abbreviation of various digital currencies
digital currency is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency (which can be used for real goods and services transactions)
digital currency has the main characteristics of network packets. This kind of data packet is composed of data code and identification code. The data code is the content we need to transmit, while the identification code indicates where the data packet comes from and goes
based on the characteristics of digital currency, the direct benefit of digital currency to the central bank is not only to save the cost of note issuance, circulation and settlement, but also to enhance the central bank's ability to control funds
Electronic money and virtual money are called digital money. According to the definition of the European Central Bank, virtual money is issued by non central banks, credit institutions and e-money institutions, which can be used as the numerical expression of the value of currency substitutes in some cases{rrrrrrr}
extended information:
the process of digital currency trading through the platform is as follows:
(1) investors should register accounts first, and obtain digital currency accounts and US dollar or other foreign exchange accounts at the same time
(2) users can buy and sell digital currency with the money in their cash account, just like buying and selling stocks and futures
(3) the trading platform will sort the buying requests and selling requests according to the rules and start to match them. If they meet the requirements, the transaction will be concluded
(4) e to the difference between the buy and sell volumes submitted by users, a buy or sell request may be partially executed
bitcoin is the originator of digital currency and the most valuable virtual currency. Because blackmail virus only takes bitcoin, it has entered the public view. The soaring price of bitcoin in 2017 has attracted a large number of investors to enter the digital money market. Because the number is small, it is only 21 million, which has a strong deflationary attribute
of course, I am extremely optimistic about the future of bitcoin. Of course, many people are not optimistic about digital currency. Here, it is most pertinent to quote Krugman's view:
"at least for now, buying bitcoin is still a good investment. But that doesn't mean the experiment was successful. The original intention of establishing a monetary system is not to make those who hold money rich, but to make transactions convenient and benefit the whole economy. And none of these bitcoins came to us. "
reborn currency
a protocol currency issued by reborn, which is the base currency of reborn network. It can circulate in the whole reborn network, with a total amount of 100 billion, and graally decreases with the increase of transactions. Reborn currency is the only common currency in ripple system, which is different from other currencies in ripple system, Ripple labs (formerly known as opencoin) is the operating company of ripple coin
unlike bitcoin, reborn is a kind of transaction protocol, which is called smart contract in technical terms. It supports people to pay in any currency, and does not need a central data exchange center, so the transaction confirmation time of ripple is only 35 seconds, while that of bitcoin is 10-40 minutes
Ethereum
Ethereum is the name of currency used in Ethereum, which is used for payment calculation in Ethereum virtual machine. Ethereum is a blockchain that can be used to deploy decentralized applications. It is an open source computer platform and blockchain platform. At the end of 2013, it was founded by vitalik buterin, a Russian programmer
there is a key difference between the blockchain technologies used by Ethereum and bitcoin. Ethereum's data processing speed is faster than that of bitcoin, because once agreed, Ethereum's system will automatically apply to the terms and conditions in the contract
unlike bitcoin, the value of Ethereum depends on whether the applications on the platform of Ethereum are prosperous or not, just like the price of oil will rise with more machines using oil
bitcoin cash
bitcoin cash is a branch of bitcoin. In order to solve the problem of long transaction time of bitcoin, at 20:20 on August 1, 2017, a small number of mining machines began to use 8m block to start mining, and the transaction confirmation speed was thousands of times faster than that of bitcoin using 1m block
strictly speaking, however, there are different opinions on whether this is a new branch of bitcoin or another kind of "counterfeit currency". But now the offer of bitcoin cash is nearly 20000 yuan, so it's not too much to use it as a kind of "Shanzhai coin" to divide bitcoin traffic
IDA coin, ADA in English, is a proct of Cardano project. The total amount of Aida is 4.5 billion yuan, and 3 billion yuan will participate in the subscription. Among them, 2.5 billion ADA will be used for platform subscription, 500 million for the financial support of the development company's operating company, and 1.5 billion ADA coins will continue to be issued in the form of block awards
Cardano is a project started in 2015 to change the way cryptocurrency is designed and developed. This project is aimed at technical reformers, technical improvements to bitcoin and existing platforms. If bitcoin, Ethereum and other projects have many other shortcomings, Cardano can solve them<
lightcoin
a currency based on bitcoin protocol, but it does not require very high computing power, and it can also be mined by ordinary computer. Lightcoin's algorithm comes from the algorithm designed by Dr Colin Percival for tarsnap secure online backup service (backup for Linux and other open source operating systems)
for a long time, there has been a voice that "lightcoin will replace bitcoin", which is impossible. In the future, there will probably be a variety of cryptography currencies in the world, but any kind of counterfeit currency can not replace the mainstream position of bitcoin, no matter how excellent its algorithm is compared with bitcoin<
stellar currency
stellar currency, a digital currency project initiated by Jed McCaleb, the former founder of ripple, is used to build a decentralized gateway between digital currency and legal tender. It will be provided to users in the form of free distribution, and its supply online is 100 billion, of which 95% of the amount of star coin is used for free distribution
star is a diversified team. The board members include Keith rabois, former COO of square, Patrick collison, CEO of stripe, Jackson Palmer, co-founder of dogcoin, and naval Ravikant, co-founder of angellist, who will be the consultant of the project< New economy movement, or NEM, was founded on January 19, 2014. The founder is a mysterious person in bitcointalk.org forum called utopianfuture. The original intention of utopian future was to build a second-generation digital currency NXT. He then realized that NXT's distribution model was unreasonable, so he devoted himself to NEM with egalitarian distribution
as a kind of cryptocurrency, new coin does not need much computing resources to maintain the operation of nodes. The proof of importance (POI) engine of NEM reces the threshold of computing resources to participate in non-traditional blockchain<
dascoin
formerly known as black coin, is a kind of counterfeit currency of bitcoin, which focuses on anonymous function. There are many innovations, such as master node network, fast payment, mixed currency anonymous technology, proposals can vote, and developers have fixed budget support. The core consists of a unique incentive P2P network. Miners are rewarded for maintaining blockchain security; The main node holders are rewarded for verifying transactions, storing data and providing a variety of services
the feature of anonymity meets the needs of some investors for absolute privacy. Although bitcoin is also widely used in money laundering and other illegal transactions e to its anonymity, it is only "pseudo anonymity", and the transaction of bitcoin can still be traced back to the traders themselves.
digital currency is an unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of a specific virtual community. The European Banking authority defines virtual currency as a digital representation of value, which is not issued by the central bank or authorities, nor linked with legal currency. However, because it is accepted by the public, it can be used as a means of payment, or it can be transferred, stored or traded in electronic form
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made by Changsha Bureau of land and resources
mining right contract
Article 1 both parties of this Contract:
transferor: Changsha Bureau of land and resources, Hunan Province, people's Republic of China
transferee:
according to the mineral resources law of the people's Republic of China, the Interim Provisions on the administration of mining right transfer, the According to the contract law of the people's Republic of China and other laws and regulations, both parties enter into this contract on the principle of equality, voluntariness, compensation and good faith
Article 2 the transferor transfers the mining right according to the authorization of the law, and the ownership of the mineral resources transferred belongs to the people's Republic of China. The state has jurisdiction and administrative power conferred by the Constitution and the law, as well as other powers exercised by the state in accordance with the laws of the people's Republic of China and rights and interests necessary for the interests of the public. The state ownership of mineral resources does not change with the land ownership or the right to use. The land use right attached to mineral resources does not belong to the scope of mining right transfer
Article 2 the mineral resources transferred to the transferee under this contract are located in
, and the inflection point coordinates of the mining area are shown in the annex for details, with the mining area of square kilometers and the mining depth of meter meter meter
Article 4 the main mineral species of the mineral resources transferred under this contract are: the mining method is mining, and the mining method is mining method< Article 5 the transferor agrees to deliver the transferred mineral resources to the transferee before (mm / DD / yyyy). According to the resource reserve evaluation report provided by the geological exploration unit, the transferred resource reserves under this contract are recoverable reserves tons
Article 6 according to the approved development and utilization plan of mineral resources and the mineral resources reserves within the mining scope, the service life of the transferred mine under this contract is years, and the proction scale of the mine is tons / year
Article 7 according to the relevant provisions on payment of mining right price, the price of the transferred mining right under this contract is RMB (in figures). Among them, yuan was handed over to the Provincial Department of land and resources; Turn over to Changsha Bureau of land and resources yuan; Turn in county (city)
yuan. However, the price of mining right stipulated in this contract does not include registration fee, mining right use fee and mineral resource compensation fee, and the transaction expenses of mining right have been dected
Article 8 the transferee agrees to pay the price of the mining right to the transferor in accordance with the provisions of paragraph () of this article, and pay it separately according to the amount determined by the transferor
(1) within days from the date of signing this contract, the above mining right price shall be paid in one lump sum
(2) pay the above mining right price to the transferor in installments according to the following time and amount
the first installment is RMB in words (in figures), and the payment time is before mm / DD / yyyy
the second installment of RMB in words (in figures), payment time: before mm / DD / yyyy
the third installment of RMB in words (in figures), payment time: before mm / DD / yyyy
the fourth installment of RMB in words (in figures), payment time: before (mm / DD / yyyy)
in case of policy adjustment, the new policy shall be implemented< Article 9 the grantee agrees to complete the infrastructure construction of the mine and start mining mineral resources before
if the mineral resources cannot be mined on schele, it shall be reported to the transferor in advance
Article 10 the grantee must organize proction in strict accordance with the mining area, mining types, proction scale, mining methods and mining methods specified in the approved plan for the development and utilization of mineral resources, so as to ensure the rational and effective utilization of mineral resources and the safe proction of the mine< Article 11 in case of any of the following circumstances ring the period of validity of the mining license, the transferee shall go through the change registration with the original license issuing authority:
(1) expand or narrow the scope of the mining area
(2) change of main mining minerals< (3) change of mining method< (4) change the name of mining enterprises
Article 12 the Grantee shall not transfer the mining right to another person for mining operation by means of contracting. If it is necessary to transfer the mining right, both parties to the transfer must apply to the original license issuing authority and go through the change registration proceres after examination and approval
Article 13 the transferee must take the initiative to accept the supervision and management of the transferor and submit the annual report to the transferor. If the grantee needs to continue mining after the expiration of the mining license, he shall apply to the original license issuing authority for registration of renewal 30 days before the expiration of the mining license
Article 14 in case of any potential safety hazard or damage to geological environment ring mining, the transferee shall immediately stop proction, report to the local people's government and relevant competent departments in time, and do a good job in rectification of potential safety hazard and treatment of geological environment
Article 15 the transferor shall not take back the mining right legally obtained by the transferee before the expiration of the service life stipulated in this contract. Under special circumstances, if the mining right needs to be withdrawn in advance according to the social and public interests, the transferor shall apply for approval in accordance with the legal proceres, and give corresponding compensation to the transferee
Article 16 Any party shall not be responsible for the partial or total failure to perform this contract e to force majeure, but shall take all necessary remedial measures to rece the losses caused by force majeure if conditions permit. If force majeure occurs after a party's delay in performance, he shall not be exempted from liability
Article 17 in case of force majeure, the party shall inform the other party of the event in written form such as letter, telegram, telex, fax, etc. within 48 hours, and submit to the other party a report on the reasons why the contract cannot be performed or partially cannot be performed or needs to be delayed within 3 days after the event< Article 18 the transferee must pay the price of the mining right on time in accordance with the contract. If the transferee fails to pay the price of the mining right on time, it shall pay the late fee to the transferor at the rate of 3 ‰ of the delayed payment every day from the date of late payment. If the delayed payment exceeds six months, the transferor has the right to terminate the contract and recover the mining right. The transferee has no right to ask for the return of the paid price, and the transferor can ask the transferee to compensate for other losses caused by breach of contract< Article 19 If the transferee pays the price of the mining right as agreed in the contract, the transferor must provide the mineral resources available for mining on time as agreed in the contract. If the mining right can not be provided for the reason of the transferor for more than six months, the transferee has the right to terminate the contract, the transferor shall double the paid price, and the transferee may request the transferor to compensate for other losses caused by the breach of contract
the transferor specially reminds us that the risk of mining investment is high, and what the transferor transfers on behalf of the state is the right of mining, so the scale, shape, reserves and grade of the ore body may be different from the actual mining, and the transferor will not bear any responsibility for this
Article 20 if the transferee violates the provisions of Articles 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of the contract, the transferor has the right to terminate the contract and investigate the relevant legal liabilities of the transferee< Article 21 the conclusion, validity, interpretation, performance and dispute settlement of this contract shall be governed by the laws of the people's Republic of China< Article 22 this contract shall come into force from the date when the transferor issues the mining license to the transferee
Article 23 this contract is made in quadruplicate, with the same legal effect. The transferor and the transferee shall hold two copies respectively< Article 24 this contract is signed in Changsha Bureau of land and resources, Hunan Province, the people's Republic of China on
Article 25 matters not covered in this contract can be agreed by both parties as an appendix to the contract, which has the same legal effect as this contract< br />
encryption current
current
English; kʌ r(ə) nsɪ]
beauty; kɜ rə NSI]
n; Currency
more definitions & gt& gt;
[network phrase]
currency, currency, circulation
soft currency, weak currency, soft currency
domestic currency, domestic currency, domestic currency
Core password is used to protect national top secret, secret and secret information, while ordinary password is used to protect national secret and secret information
core password and ordinary password are used to protect state secret information, effectively guarantee the security of central government orders and military orders, and build a password barrier for safeguarding the sovereignty, security and development interests of national cyberspace. According to the law of the people's Republic of China on keeping state secrets, state secrets refer to matters related to national security and interests, which are determined according to legal proceres and only known to a certain range of people within a certain period of time According to the different protected objects, the code law divides the core code and ordinary code
extended data:
the core password and common password part specifies the requirements for the use of core password and common password, the security management system, and a series of special security systems and measures for the state to strengthen the work of core password and common password
in the part of commercial password, it stipulates the commercial password standardization system, testing and certification system, market access management system, use requirements, import and export management system, e-government e-authentication service management system and commercial password in-process and post supervision system
digital currency is different from the virtual currency in the virtual world, because it can be used for real goods and services transactions, not limited to online games. The early digital currency (digital gold currency) is a form of electronic currency named after the weight of gold. Today's digital currency, such as bitcoin, lightcoin and ppcoin, is an electronic currency created, issued and circulated by check sum cryptography. It is characterized by the use of P2P peer-to-peer network technology to issue, manage and circulate currency. In theory, it avoids bureaucratic examination and approval, so that everyone has the right to issue currency.