Is there any risk in digital currency financing
Yin Zhentao, deputy director of the law and Finance Research Office of the Financial Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that digital currency faces two risks. The first is the technical level. Digital currency relies on blockchain technology and a system, which will make it suffer from security impact, such as hacker attacks on computer systems. We have seen many practical problems in this process
Zhao Zhanzhan, a special researcher of intellectual property research center of China University of political science and law, believes that digital currency has anonymity, quickness and irrevocability. In addition, bitcoin and other digital currencies have high circulation in the world, so many criminals use digital currency as a new money laundering channel. Moreover, there are many different ways to realize money laundering through digital currency. Generally speaking, the probability of new money laundering being found and investigated is lower than before. Many countries have no effective means and technology to combat money laundering through digital currency. These factors lead to criminals prefer this way of money laundering
digital currency is a kind of unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of specific virtual communities. The European Banking authority defines virtual currency as a digital representation of value, which is not issued by the central bank or authorities, nor linked with legal currency. However, because it is accepted by the public, it can be used as a means of payment, or it can be transferred, stored or traded in electronic form
according to the notice on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, there is no approved digital currency trading platform in China. According to China's digital currency regulatory framework, investors have the freedom to participate in digital currency transactions at their own risk
warm tips: the above information is for reference only. Before investing, it is recommended that you first understand the risks existing in the project, and understand the investors, investment institutions, chain activity and other information of the project, rather than blindly investing or mistakenly entering the capital market. Investment is risky, so we should be cautious when entering the market
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in the field of blockchain and virtual currency, such cases of losses caused by the security of exchanges occur frequently, causing great economic losses to users. The security experts of Juhui ggfx also gave a hint: there are still many loopholes in the current digital currency trading platform, for example, the most common are the following six kinds:
the first kind: denial of service attack
denial of service attack is the most important attack against the digital currency trading platform at present. Through denial of service attack, the attacker makes the trading platform unable to access normally, Because users can not accurately distinguish the degree of attack, it often causes panic asset transfer, which brings some loss
the second kind: phishing
even the best technical measures at present can not make the digital currency trading platform avoid phishing attacks. Some hackers and outlaws can confuse digital currency investors by means of fake domain names or fake pages, while ordinary investors can't identify the authenticity, so it's easy to cause asset losses
the third: Hot wallet protection
many digital currency trading platforms use a single private key to protect the hot wallet. If hackers can access a single private key, they can crack the hot wallet related to the private key. For example, in the attack on yapizon of Seoul stock exchange in 2017, the attackers stole hot wallets from the trading platform twice in a year, resulting in a total loss of nearly 50% of the assets of the trading platform and eventually leading to the bankruptcy of the trading platform
Fourth: internal attack
e to the lack of perfect risk isolation measures or ineffective supervision on the authority of employees, the digital currency trading platform also has employees' self-monitoring and stealing, and some employees with operating authority of the platform use internal trust to seek ill gotten gains for themselves. For example, in 2016, the event of employees stealing bitcoin on shapeshift caused a total loss of US $230000 to the trading platform by stealing and reselling sensitive information to others
the fifth: software vulnerability
the software vulnerability of digital currency trading platform includes single sign on vulnerability, OAuth protocol vulnerability, etc. At present, all countries have laws requiring banks or other financial institutions to implement information security measures to protect customers' deposits. However, e to the fact that the blockchain field is still in its infancy, there is a lack of such specifications for encrypting digital assets. Therefore, it is not accidental that many trading platforms have a large number of loopholes in the absence of security constraints
sixth: transaction malleability
Technical supporters of blockchain often think that blockchain transactions are highly secure because they are recorded on records that are said to be unchangeable, but each transaction needs to have a corresponding signature, and the records can be temporarily forged before the final confirmation of the transaction. Mt. GOx, which once accounted for 80% of the world's total transactions, was hacked to submit code changes to the public ledger before the initial transaction was released, resulting in a loss of 473 million US dollars< br /> &# 160;
When bitcoin was first launched, a bitcoin could not buy a hamburger, but now a bitcoin can buy a car, which is the violence of virtual currency. The virtual digital currency led by bitcoin has let many investors see the dawn{ RRRRR}
we all like to save money, at most for a fixed period. A few people buy stocks, let alone virtual digital currency
the biggest risk of digital currency is instability. It is not a currency recognized by the International Monetary Fund. Bitcoin can not be traded directly, nor can it be used to buy things directly, because the number of bitcoin is limited. Therefore, many people feel that it is necessary to invest
and now many countries prohibit the transaction of virtual currency, because digital currency helps money laundering. Many people launder money through digital currency to evade supervision. Once the government finds it illegal, it will be unfavorable for the trend of digital currency
there is a lot of uncertainty in digital currency, and the biggest fear is the collapse of the whole system. In the end, there is nothing left, so there are risks in investment
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facing the use of voltage generally 480 V, although one installation uses 4160 V, shielded cable end. Many textile mills and processing plants use 480 V distribution, with 2300 fifth very large delta often connected, so that plant action may continue, even if a stage becomes grounded, but these systems are equipped with ground display lights, and usually have special fault tracking equipment, so that the first stage to ground fault can be detected and isolated
other plants use a solidly grounded or resistor grounded circuit to trip with a selective earth fault. Heavy copper chains extend from the construction of steel frames, each motor providing grounding in most plants. In addition, the 480 V line is usually run on a metal conctor, which is often used as an additional ground conctor, which is ultimately bonded to the substation ground bed. Conctor ground command can be good for low resistance paths, if continuity is guaranteed in each union and flex coupling vibration, if not a problem. However, in some installations using shake head screen size separation, especially in sand and gravel or dredge plants, vibration may be so severe that the wire can literally be unshakable into pieces. In these cases, the conctor did not make enough frame grounding conctors
most surface mine visits also utilize resistance grounded system circuits to feed portable and mobile devices powered by trailing cables. However, at least one facility uses a floating delta secondary if there is no grounding conctor. Theoretically, the ground fault current cannot flow in a delta system, but in reality it does because of the stray capacitance circuit. In addition, if two nearby devices have progressively failed to frame at different stages, a person who involves both machines at the same time will be shocked with a full range of line to line voltages. Ungrounded systems pose a significant risk to personnel unless they are equipped with a very sensitive GFI type trip, which is not available except for 120 volt circuits. All rake access utilizes shielded trailing cables, and their power system is equipped with resistance
In one year, it has developed more than 47000 members, involving 4.06 billion yuan. Haikou police recently cracked a huge online pyramid selling case in the name of virtual currency "Eurasian currency", involving a surprising number of people and huge amount of money
it has been learned that a large number of investors have been cheated by using the internet pyramid selling platform to operate, and then holding promotion meetings and forums to publicize its legitimacy and beautiful vision. With the company's capital chain on the verge of fracture, investors' dream of "high rebate and high return" is broken
according to the introction, it is difficult to crack the case. More than 200 policemen from Haikou economic investigation, criminal police, internet police, special police detachment and sub Bureau arrested in Hainan, Beijing, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Sichuan, Hubei and other six provinces, freezing 53 accounts nationwide. At present, 28 suspect suspects have been arrested, of whom 19 have been arrested by the procuratorial organs. P>
new network pyramid selling is very covert, and can be operated by computer and mobile phone. Suspect suspects are scattered throughout the country. When the case is collected, it is necessary to arrive at the same time, otherwise, the evidence of destruction will be found. Therefore, this kind of criminal behavior needs to strengthen the linkage of various departments at ordinary times, maintain high pressure supervision and attack situation. p>
the police said that the new network pyramid scheme involves a wide range of cases, and it is urgent for Instry and commerce, public security, finance and other departments to establish a joint supervision mechanism and a joint strike mechanism, so as to nip the crime in the bud, prevent its "fission" growth trend, and let more people be deceived
It can not be said to be a fraud, but there are certain risks, because digital gold currency is a form of physical currency, and its deposits are measured in gold rather than legal currency. Therefore, the purchasing power fluctuation of digital gold currency is related to the gold price. If the price of gold goes up, it becomes more valuable. If the price of gold goes down, it loses value
since there is no specific financial regulation to regulate digital gold money suppliers, they operate in a self-regulation way. Digital gold money suppliers are not banks, so banking regulations are not applicable
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to explore the connotation of digital currency, we must clarify some concepts of model lake. For example, is it legal digital currency dominated by the central bank or illegal private fixed digital currency; Encryption of digital currency or electronic currency; Is it "selling dog meat with sheep's head"; "Bad money"
new technology does make the conceptual boundary of money more blurred. Theoretically speaking, the new monetary economics points out the possibility of the disappearance of money, that is, legal paper money is no longer the only medium of transaction, and is eventually replaced by financial assets issued by the private sector that generate monetary income
in reality, although the status of fiat money is still unshakable, there have been various local scenes of private money in history, such as the universal warra system in Germany in the 1920s. Now the digital currency with the characteristics of decentralization makes the challenge of private currency increasingly prominent< br />