English translation of bus to town center
labeling the name of ingredients on the package of cosmetic containers is not only concive to health supervision and management, but also concive to the rational selection of consumers
in view of the needs of the above situation, the international nomenclaturue cosmetic ingredient (inci) name has been recognized, quoted or used by the United States, EU Member States, Japan, Canada, Brazil, South Korea, Thailand, Philippines, Saudi Arabia and many other countries. China's Ministry of health also takes the name of inci as the standard for the declaration of raw materials in imported cosmetic formulations, but there has been a lack of a volume of English Chinese name of inci. In order to keep pace with the international standards, we compiled this English Chinese name of inci to promote the standardization of the translation of inci names of cosmetic raw materials in China, which is concive to the management and guidance of the Ministry of health on the safety of cosmetics, It can also meet the needs of Chinese consumers to understand the name of raw materials on the labels of imported cosmetics. It can be used as a reference for standardizing the labeling of raw materials in cosmetics in the future
the name of inci in this list is compiled according to the 7th edition of INCD published by CTFA in 1997. With the passage of time, the number of cosmetic raw materials will continue to increase, the name of inci will be added and modified, and this list will also be added and modified to meet the needs of society
it is inevitable that there are some defects in this list. We hope that all circles can put forward valuable suggestions for further revision and improvement
the cosmetics raw materials collected in this list are only used as the English Chinese comparison of their inci names. It does not mean that they are all cosmetic raw materials allowed to be used in China<
General rules for Chinese translation of international professional named cosmetic raw materials (inci) names
1
each inci name is translated into only one Chinese name. Try to match the inci name
for all raw materials whose names are the same as those in the Pharmacopoeia of the people's Republic of China and the general name of Chinese drugs, except for the names of indivial pharmaceutical excipients, the translated names are all based on the Chinese names in the two codes
for example: fluorosalan fluxalen
etocrylene
alcloxa
lapyrium chloride
carbomer carbomer
2
the Chinese names of plant materials are followed by the Latin genus or species names of plants named by Linne system
for example: eleutheroginseng (Acanthopanax senticosus) extract
Acanthopanax senticosus extract
3
if the color has a CI number, the Chinese name will be followed by its Ci number
for example: FD & C yellow No.5 FD & C yellow No.5 (CI 19140)
segment red NO.48 pigment red NO.48 (CI 15865)
4
in order to avoid over exaggeration, some abbreviations in inci names are no longer translated, but directly quoted in Chinese names. Their English original words and Chinese translated names are listed in the appendix of abbreviations
5
the name of inci is accompanied by its CAS number and EINECS / elincs number for readers' reference
6
polyols, alkanols with large number of carbon atoms, cycloalkanols, alcohols with aromatic nuclei, some alcohols with complex structures and esters synthesized from phenols and acids, all of which put the names of alcohols or phenols before the words
for example: glyeryl distearate glycerodistearate
cetyl lactate
7
in principle, alkanols with small number of carbon atoms are combined with acids to synthesize esters, the name of alcohol is put after "acid" and before "ester", and the word "alcohol" is omitted
for example, ethyl isostearate
decyl oleate
8
in the name of inci, the meaning, stem, root, suffix and their Chinese names are as follows:
in the name of inci, the word "dimethyl" is omitted,
for example, stearamine oxide stands for stearyl dimethylamine oxide. The Chinese name should also be abbreviated to "stearamine oxide" instead of "stearyl dimethyl oxide (tertiary)
(2) in the professional naming rules of
inci name, the prefix" mono "of single substituted derivative is usually default. For example, "glyeryl stearate" stands for "glyeryl mono stearate". The Chinese name should be simplified as "glyceryl stearate" instead of "glyceryl monostearate"
3
some synthetic stems of inci name
for example, cetearyl stands for the synthetic stems of cetyl and stearyl, Cetearyl alcohol is named cetearyl alcohol in Chinese
Ceteareth - stands for the synthetic stem of ceteth and steareth - ceteareth-10 in Chinese is named cetearyl alcohol ether-10 in Chinese is named cetearyl alcohol ether-8 in Chinese is named cetearyl alcohol ether-8 in Chinese is named cetearyl alcohol ether-8 in Chinese, Lanolin
for example: laneth-10 acetate lanolin-10 acetate
P5
the combination root "ampho" in the inci name of amphoteric surfactant is translated as amphoteric group
for example, sodium cocoamphoacetate
6 (6)
copolyol represents a polymer molecule with polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene side chains. The word "acrylates" in linear non crosslinked copolymers is translated into acrylic acid (ester); The stem "crotonates" is translated as crotonates
for example, acrylates copolymer
VA / vinyl butylbenzoate / crotonates copolymer
8
the stem "glyceride" is translated into glyceride, which means monoglyceride
"glycerides" is translated into glyceride, which means monoglyceride, The mixed ester of diester and triacyl ester
⑼
contains ethoxylated alkanol with Suffix "eth". The translation of "eth" into "polyether" is placed after the stem, and the number added after the suffix represents the average number of oxyethyl
for example, ceteareth-12 cetearyl alcohol polyether-12
oleth-5 oleyl alcohol polyether-5
cetoleth-22 cetearyl alcohol polyether-22
however, there are some differences from the above general rule in terms of additional numbers of "eth" suffix
for example, if there is no additional number in the suffix "eth", it means that the number of oxyethyl is between 1-4< Sodium lauryl alcohol polyether - (1-4) sulfate
nonoxynol-n, nonyl nonoxynol-n, and octoxynol-n are all ethoxylated alkylphenols, and "- n" represents the number of oxyethyl in the chemical formula
for example, nonoxynol-23, nonylphenol polyether-23
nonyl nonoxynol-150, nonylphenol polyether-150
octoxynol-n octylphenol polyether-70
⑽. Their chlorides; When translated into Chinese, chlorination and bromination are placed in front of the word ammonium
for example, dihydrogenated tallowa midoethyl ammonium chloride
stearyl octyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
laurrimonium bromide lauryl trimethylammonium bromide
dihydrogenated tallowa midoethyl ammonium chloride Amino ethyl hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium chloride
⒈
in the name of inci, the names of some mixed fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty amines, glycerides derived from animal oils or vegetable oils, and the stem names such as acyl and alkyl groups are translated from Chinese with the corresponding names of animal oils or vegetable oils
for example, coceth-75 cocool polyether-75
coconut acid
coconut alcohol
cocoamide
cocoamine
coco caprylate / caprate
coco betaine
cocotrimenium chloride cocoyl trimethylammonium chloride
cocoyl sarcosine
glyceryl cocoate
Palm Acid
palm alcohol
palmamide mea
PALM GLYCERIDE
palm Kernelamidopropyl betaine
< br/ >Dipalmoylethyl hydroxyethylammonium methylsulfate
sodium cocoamphopyrolate
sodium wheat germ germamphoacetate
tallow acid
sodium tallow acid
sodium cocoamphopyrolate Fat sodium taurol sulfate
minkamidopropylamine oxide
peg-13 mink glycides peg-13 mink oil glycerides
dimethicone copolymer cocoa butter
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used to break the barriers of centralized platform: the non disclosure of the income of centralized platform has obviously offended many artists, and blockchain can bypass the central platform to provide communication channels between fans and artists
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right determination: what movie and television entertainment creators fear most is piracy, which greatly damages their interests. After the blockchain is encrypted with right information such as "right exclusive person + publishing time + publishing content", the timestamp can be used to prove the ownership of right, and the decentralized storage and tamperable attributes of the blockchain can provide effective authentication for original works
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can be used for tax reform. In view of the recent tax evasion of film and television stars, it is obvious that the public is furious. Relying on blockchain technology, we can build a public chain platform on it to form tax information sharing, which can effectively overcome the problem of poor information sharing, so as to achieve coordinated action between tax authorities, information docking between tax departments and taxpayers, and information sharing within tax departments< br />
望采纳,谢谢
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① People used to travel around the city by bus.
② People travelled around the city by bus in the past.
③ People used to take a bus to travel around the city.
二、
① She takes a coach to other cities every month.
② She travels to other cities by coach every month.
③ She monthly takes a coach to other cities.