Say 75 divided by 3
Publish: 2021-05-29 17:18:16
1. Open the start menu,
click all programs,
Click attachment to expand,
click command prompt to enter the command line interface,
input ipconfig in the command line interface, and then press enter,
you can see the local IPv4 address, IPv6 address, subnet mask and default gateway
to learn more about computer, you can visit the website of the operator
click all programs,
Click attachment to expand,
click command prompt to enter the command line interface,
input ipconfig in the command line interface, and then press enter,
you can see the local IPv4 address, IPv6 address, subnet mask and default gateway
to learn more about computer, you can visit the website of the operator
2. Numerical control
numerical control lathe, also known as CNC lathe, is an automatic lathe controlled by digital control system with digital code as instruction. It is a new type of automatic lathe developed by the comprehensive application of advanced technical achievements in the fields of electronic technology, computer technology, automatic control, precision measurement and machine tool design
mold is a tool used to shape articles. This tool is composed of various parts, and different molds are composed of different parts. It mainly realizes the processing of the shape of the object by changing the physical state of the formed material
according to the different materials, the mold can be divided into metal mold and non-metal mold. Metal mold is divided into: casting mold (non-ferrous metal die casting, steel casting), and forging mold, etc; Non metal mold is also divided into: plastic mold and inorganic non-metal mold. According to the different materials of the mold itself, the mold can be divided into: sand mold, metal mold, vacuum mold, paraffin mold and so on. Among them, with the rapid development of polymer plastics, plastic mold is closely related to people's life. Plastic mold can be divided into: injection molding mold, extrusion molding mold, gas assisted molding mold and so on
logistics refers to the whole process of planning, implementation and management of raw materials, semi-finished procts, finished procts and related information from the place of origin of goods to the place of consumption of goods by means of transportation, storage and distribution at the lowest cost in order to meet the needs of customers
Logistics composition: transportation, distribution, storage, packaging, handling, circulation and processing of goods, as well as related logistics information
the specific contents of logistics activities include the following aspects: user service, demand forecasting, order processing, distribution, inventory control, transportation, warehouse management, layout and location of factories and warehouses, handling, purchasing, packaging and information.
numerical control lathe, also known as CNC lathe, is an automatic lathe controlled by digital control system with digital code as instruction. It is a new type of automatic lathe developed by the comprehensive application of advanced technical achievements in the fields of electronic technology, computer technology, automatic control, precision measurement and machine tool design
mold is a tool used to shape articles. This tool is composed of various parts, and different molds are composed of different parts. It mainly realizes the processing of the shape of the object by changing the physical state of the formed material
according to the different materials, the mold can be divided into metal mold and non-metal mold. Metal mold is divided into: casting mold (non-ferrous metal die casting, steel casting), and forging mold, etc; Non metal mold is also divided into: plastic mold and inorganic non-metal mold. According to the different materials of the mold itself, the mold can be divided into: sand mold, metal mold, vacuum mold, paraffin mold and so on. Among them, with the rapid development of polymer plastics, plastic mold is closely related to people's life. Plastic mold can be divided into: injection molding mold, extrusion molding mold, gas assisted molding mold and so on
logistics refers to the whole process of planning, implementation and management of raw materials, semi-finished procts, finished procts and related information from the place of origin of goods to the place of consumption of goods by means of transportation, storage and distribution at the lowest cost in order to meet the needs of customers
Logistics composition: transportation, distribution, storage, packaging, handling, circulation and processing of goods, as well as related logistics information
the specific contents of logistics activities include the following aspects: user service, demand forecasting, order processing, distribution, inventory control, transportation, warehouse management, layout and location of factories and warehouses, handling, purchasing, packaging and information.
3. 1 NC programming and its development
NC programming is one of the most effective links in the current CAD / CAPP / CAM system, which plays an important role in realizing the automation of design and processing, improving the machining accuracy and quality, and shortening the proct development cycle. It is widely used in aviation instry, automobile instry and so on. Due to the strong demand of proction practice, numerical control programming technology has been widely studied at home and abroad, and has achieved fruitful results. The following is the introction of NC programming and its development
1.1 basic concept of NC programming
NC programming is the whole process from part drawing to NC machining program. Its main task is to calculate the cutter location point (CL point). The tool position is generally taken as the intersection of the tool axis and the tool surface, and the tool axis vector should be given in multi axis machining< In order to solve the programming problem in NC machining, MIT designed a special programming language for NC machining of mechanical parts in 1950s, which is called apt (automatically programmed tool). After several times of development, apt has formed advanced versions such as aptii, aptiii (for solid cutting), apt (algorithm improvement, adding multi coordinate surface machining programming function), APTAC (advanced processing), apt / SS (adding sculpture surface machining programming function), etc< Using apt language to program NC program has many advantages, such as simple program, flexible tool control and so on, which makes NC programming from "assembly language" level oriented to machine tool instructions to geometric elements. There are still many inconveniences in APT: using language to define part geometry is difficult to describe complex geometry and lack of geometric intuition; Lack of visual graphic display of part shape and tool path and verification of tool path; It is difficult to connect with CAD database and CAPP system effectively; It is not easy to achieve a high degree of automation and integration
aiming at the shortcomings of apt language, in 1978, Dassault aircraft company of France began to develop a system integrating 3D design, analysis and NC machining, which is called CATIA. Soon after, there appeared systems like Euclid, UGII, Intergraph, Pro / engineering, MasterCAM and NPU / gncp. These systems effectively solved the problems of geometric modeling, display of part geometry, interactive design, modification and tool path generation, simulation display and verification of tool walking process, and promoted the development of CAD and cam in the direction of integration. In the 1980s, on the basis of the concept of CAD / CAM integration, the concepts of computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) and concurrent engineering (CE) were graally formed. At present, in order to meet the needs of the development of CIMS and CE, CNC programming system is developing towards integration and intelligence
in the aspect of integration, we mainly focus on the development of parametric feature modeling system conforming to the step () standard, and have done a lot of fruitful work, which is a hot spot at home and abroad; In terms of intelligence, the work has just begun, and we still need to work hard<
2 research and development status of NC tool path generation method
the core work of NC programming is to generate tool path, then discretize it into tool points, and generate NC machining program by post-processing. The method of tool path generation is introced
2.1 NC tool path generation method based on point, line, surface and volume. In the two-dimensional drawing and three-dimensional wireframe stage, NC machining mainly takes points and lines as driving objects, such as hole machining, contour machining, plane area machining, etc. This kind of processing requires high level of operators and complex interaction. In the development stage of surface and solid modeling, solid based machining appears. The processing object of solid processing is a solid (generally mixed representation of CSG and BREP), which is obtained by some basic voxels through set operations (Union, intersection and difference operations). Solid machining can not only be used for rough machining and semi finish machining of parts, but also can be used for the research and development of feature-based NC programming system, which is the basis of feature machining
there are two kinds of solid machining: solid contour machining and solid region machining. The realization method of solid machining is slice method, which uses a group of horizontal planes to cut the machined solid, and then generates equidistant lines as tool path for the intersection lines. From the point of view of system needs, this kind of NC machining based on point, line, surface and entity is realized on ACIS geometric modeling platform
2.2 feature based NC tool path generation method
parametric feature modeling has a certain period of development, but the research of feature-based tool path generation method is just beginning. Feature processing makes NC programmers not operate those low-level geometric information (such as points, lines, surfaces, entities), but directly program the features that are in line with the habits of engineering and technical personnel, which greatly improves the programming efficiency
in their research, w.r.mail and a.j.mcleod proposed a feature-based NC code generation subsystem. The working principle of the system is that each machining process of a part can be regarded as the sum of the machining of the shape feature groups of the part. Then the whole shape feature or shape feature group is processed separately, and the part is processed. The NC code of each shape feature or group of shape features can be generated automatically. At present, the developed system is only suitable for the processing of 2.5D parts
leeandchang developed a tool path generation system for convex free-form surfaces using virtual boundary method. The working principle of this system is that a minimum rectangle is embedded in the convex free-form surface, so that the convex free-form surface feature is transformed into a concave feature. The combination of the smallest rectangle and the final proct model forms an indirect proct model called virtual model. The tool path generation method is divided into three steps: (1) cutting polyhedron feature 2) Cutting free-form surface features 3) Cutting intersection feature
jongyunjung studied the problem of feature-based non cutting tool path generation. In this paper, the feature-based machining path is divided into contour machining and inner region machining, and the cutting direction of these two kinds of machining is defined. By recing the cutting tool path, the overall optimization of tool path is achieved. Aiming at several basic features (hole, concave, step and groove), this paper discusses the typical tool path, tool selection and machining sequence of these basic features, and uses IP (interprogramming) technology to avoid repeated tool path, so as to optimize the non cutting tool path. In addition, Jung Yun Jung also studied manufacturing feature extraction and feature-based tool and tool path in his 1991 doctoral dissertation
feature processing is based on solid processing, which can also be regarded as higher level solid processing. But feature processing is different from solid processing, which has its own limitations. Feature processing is different from solid processing in the following aspects:
conceptually, feature is the functional element of components, which conforms to the operation habits of engineering and technical personnel and is well known by engineering and technical personnel; Entity is a low-level geometric object, which is a geometric object obtained by a series of Boolean operations, without any functional semantic information; Solid processing is often a one-time processing of the whole part (solid). But in fact, a part is not likely to be processed with only one tool at a time. It often has to go through a series of steps, such as rough machining, semi finishing, finishing and so on. Different parts of the part generally need to be processed with different tools; Sometimes a part needs both turning and milling. Therefore, solid machining is mainly used for rough machining and semi finish machining of parts. Feature processing solves the above problems in essence; Feature processing has more intelligence. For specific features, some fixed processing methods can be specified, especially for those features that have been specified in step standard. If we make a specific machining method for all the standard features, then the convenience of machining those parts which are made up of standard features can be imagined. If the CAPP system can provide the corresponding process characteristics, the NCP system can greatly rece the interactive input and has more intelligence. But these entity processing cannot be realized
feature processing is helpful to realize the integration of CAD, CAPP, NCP and CNC systems, realize the two-way flow of information, and lay a good foundation for CIMS and even Concurrent Engineering (CE); And solid processing can't do anything about it<
2.3 analysis of NC tool path generation methods in several main CAD / CAM systems in service SURFCAM et al. The former obtains proct geometric model directly from CAD system with internal unified data format, while the latter mainly obtains proct geometric model from other CAD systems through neutral file. However, no matter what form of cam system, it is composed of five moles, namely, interactive process parameter input mole, tool path generation mole, tool path editing mole, 3D machining dynamic simulation mole and post-processing mole. The following only discusses the NC machining methods of some famous CAD / CAM systems<
analysis of UGII machining methods
it is generally believed that UGII is the best and most representative NC software in the instry. Its most characteristic is its powerful tool path generation method. Including turning, milling, wire cutting and other perfect processing methods. Milling mainly has the following functions:
, pointto point: complete various hole processing
, panarmill: plane milling. Including one-way line cutting, two-way line cutting, ring cutting and contour machining< Fixed contour: fixed multi axis projection processing. Projection method is used to control the movement of the tool on a single surface or multiple surfaces. The generated tool path, a series of points or a group of curves can be used to control the tool movement
, variablecontour: variable axis projection processing
, parameter line: isoparametric line processing. It can process single surface or multiple surfaces continuously
, zigzagsurface: cutting surface processing
, roughtodepth: rough machining. Rough machining the blank to the specified depth
, cavitymill: multi stage deep cavity machining. It is especially suitable for rough machining of punch and die
, sequentialsurface: surface intersection. According to the idea of part surface, guide surface and inspection surface, the maximum control of tool movement is provided
edsunigraphics also includes a large number of other functions, which will not be listed here<
analysis of machining method of strip
strip is a development environment of NC programming system, which is based on ACIS geometry
NC programming is one of the most effective links in the current CAD / CAPP / CAM system, which plays an important role in realizing the automation of design and processing, improving the machining accuracy and quality, and shortening the proct development cycle. It is widely used in aviation instry, automobile instry and so on. Due to the strong demand of proction practice, numerical control programming technology has been widely studied at home and abroad, and has achieved fruitful results. The following is the introction of NC programming and its development
1.1 basic concept of NC programming
NC programming is the whole process from part drawing to NC machining program. Its main task is to calculate the cutter location point (CL point). The tool position is generally taken as the intersection of the tool axis and the tool surface, and the tool axis vector should be given in multi axis machining< In order to solve the programming problem in NC machining, MIT designed a special programming language for NC machining of mechanical parts in 1950s, which is called apt (automatically programmed tool). After several times of development, apt has formed advanced versions such as aptii, aptiii (for solid cutting), apt (algorithm improvement, adding multi coordinate surface machining programming function), APTAC (advanced processing), apt / SS (adding sculpture surface machining programming function), etc< Using apt language to program NC program has many advantages, such as simple program, flexible tool control and so on, which makes NC programming from "assembly language" level oriented to machine tool instructions to geometric elements. There are still many inconveniences in APT: using language to define part geometry is difficult to describe complex geometry and lack of geometric intuition; Lack of visual graphic display of part shape and tool path and verification of tool path; It is difficult to connect with CAD database and CAPP system effectively; It is not easy to achieve a high degree of automation and integration
aiming at the shortcomings of apt language, in 1978, Dassault aircraft company of France began to develop a system integrating 3D design, analysis and NC machining, which is called CATIA. Soon after, there appeared systems like Euclid, UGII, Intergraph, Pro / engineering, MasterCAM and NPU / gncp. These systems effectively solved the problems of geometric modeling, display of part geometry, interactive design, modification and tool path generation, simulation display and verification of tool walking process, and promoted the development of CAD and cam in the direction of integration. In the 1980s, on the basis of the concept of CAD / CAM integration, the concepts of computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) and concurrent engineering (CE) were graally formed. At present, in order to meet the needs of the development of CIMS and CE, CNC programming system is developing towards integration and intelligence
in the aspect of integration, we mainly focus on the development of parametric feature modeling system conforming to the step () standard, and have done a lot of fruitful work, which is a hot spot at home and abroad; In terms of intelligence, the work has just begun, and we still need to work hard<
2 research and development status of NC tool path generation method
the core work of NC programming is to generate tool path, then discretize it into tool points, and generate NC machining program by post-processing. The method of tool path generation is introced
2.1 NC tool path generation method based on point, line, surface and volume. In the two-dimensional drawing and three-dimensional wireframe stage, NC machining mainly takes points and lines as driving objects, such as hole machining, contour machining, plane area machining, etc. This kind of processing requires high level of operators and complex interaction. In the development stage of surface and solid modeling, solid based machining appears. The processing object of solid processing is a solid (generally mixed representation of CSG and BREP), which is obtained by some basic voxels through set operations (Union, intersection and difference operations). Solid machining can not only be used for rough machining and semi finish machining of parts, but also can be used for the research and development of feature-based NC programming system, which is the basis of feature machining
there are two kinds of solid machining: solid contour machining and solid region machining. The realization method of solid machining is slice method, which uses a group of horizontal planes to cut the machined solid, and then generates equidistant lines as tool path for the intersection lines. From the point of view of system needs, this kind of NC machining based on point, line, surface and entity is realized on ACIS geometric modeling platform
2.2 feature based NC tool path generation method
parametric feature modeling has a certain period of development, but the research of feature-based tool path generation method is just beginning. Feature processing makes NC programmers not operate those low-level geometric information (such as points, lines, surfaces, entities), but directly program the features that are in line with the habits of engineering and technical personnel, which greatly improves the programming efficiency
in their research, w.r.mail and a.j.mcleod proposed a feature-based NC code generation subsystem. The working principle of the system is that each machining process of a part can be regarded as the sum of the machining of the shape feature groups of the part. Then the whole shape feature or shape feature group is processed separately, and the part is processed. The NC code of each shape feature or group of shape features can be generated automatically. At present, the developed system is only suitable for the processing of 2.5D parts
leeandchang developed a tool path generation system for convex free-form surfaces using virtual boundary method. The working principle of this system is that a minimum rectangle is embedded in the convex free-form surface, so that the convex free-form surface feature is transformed into a concave feature. The combination of the smallest rectangle and the final proct model forms an indirect proct model called virtual model. The tool path generation method is divided into three steps: (1) cutting polyhedron feature 2) Cutting free-form surface features 3) Cutting intersection feature
jongyunjung studied the problem of feature-based non cutting tool path generation. In this paper, the feature-based machining path is divided into contour machining and inner region machining, and the cutting direction of these two kinds of machining is defined. By recing the cutting tool path, the overall optimization of tool path is achieved. Aiming at several basic features (hole, concave, step and groove), this paper discusses the typical tool path, tool selection and machining sequence of these basic features, and uses IP (interprogramming) technology to avoid repeated tool path, so as to optimize the non cutting tool path. In addition, Jung Yun Jung also studied manufacturing feature extraction and feature-based tool and tool path in his 1991 doctoral dissertation
feature processing is based on solid processing, which can also be regarded as higher level solid processing. But feature processing is different from solid processing, which has its own limitations. Feature processing is different from solid processing in the following aspects:
conceptually, feature is the functional element of components, which conforms to the operation habits of engineering and technical personnel and is well known by engineering and technical personnel; Entity is a low-level geometric object, which is a geometric object obtained by a series of Boolean operations, without any functional semantic information; Solid processing is often a one-time processing of the whole part (solid). But in fact, a part is not likely to be processed with only one tool at a time. It often has to go through a series of steps, such as rough machining, semi finishing, finishing and so on. Different parts of the part generally need to be processed with different tools; Sometimes a part needs both turning and milling. Therefore, solid machining is mainly used for rough machining and semi finish machining of parts. Feature processing solves the above problems in essence; Feature processing has more intelligence. For specific features, some fixed processing methods can be specified, especially for those features that have been specified in step standard. If we make a specific machining method for all the standard features, then the convenience of machining those parts which are made up of standard features can be imagined. If the CAPP system can provide the corresponding process characteristics, the NCP system can greatly rece the interactive input and has more intelligence. But these entity processing cannot be realized
feature processing is helpful to realize the integration of CAD, CAPP, NCP and CNC systems, realize the two-way flow of information, and lay a good foundation for CIMS and even Concurrent Engineering (CE); And solid processing can't do anything about it<
2.3 analysis of NC tool path generation methods in several main CAD / CAM systems in service SURFCAM et al. The former obtains proct geometric model directly from CAD system with internal unified data format, while the latter mainly obtains proct geometric model from other CAD systems through neutral file. However, no matter what form of cam system, it is composed of five moles, namely, interactive process parameter input mole, tool path generation mole, tool path editing mole, 3D machining dynamic simulation mole and post-processing mole. The following only discusses the NC machining methods of some famous CAD / CAM systems<
analysis of UGII machining methods
it is generally believed that UGII is the best and most representative NC software in the instry. Its most characteristic is its powerful tool path generation method. Including turning, milling, wire cutting and other perfect processing methods. Milling mainly has the following functions:
, pointto point: complete various hole processing
, panarmill: plane milling. Including one-way line cutting, two-way line cutting, ring cutting and contour machining< Fixed contour: fixed multi axis projection processing. Projection method is used to control the movement of the tool on a single surface or multiple surfaces. The generated tool path, a series of points or a group of curves can be used to control the tool movement
, variablecontour: variable axis projection processing
, parameter line: isoparametric line processing. It can process single surface or multiple surfaces continuously
, zigzagsurface: cutting surface processing
, roughtodepth: rough machining. Rough machining the blank to the specified depth
, cavitymill: multi stage deep cavity machining. It is especially suitable for rough machining of punch and die
, sequentialsurface: surface intersection. According to the idea of part surface, guide surface and inspection surface, the maximum control of tool movement is provided
edsunigraphics also includes a large number of other functions, which will not be listed here<
analysis of machining method of strip
strip is a development environment of NC programming system, which is based on ACIS geometry
4. Unknown_Error
5.
bus line: No.35, the whole journey is about 13.3km
1. Walk about 890m from Lanzhou west station to Lanzhou West Passenger Station
2. Take No.35, pass 19 stops, reach yanchangbao station
3. Walk about 960m to Gansu International Convention and Exhibition Center
6. Could you tell me if it's "Yin Jing excels in virtue and deeds, and has boundless advantages and blessings to return to"
that is to say, Yin Jing's virtue is different from ordinary doing good deeds in the world, because there is a deep wisdom of Vajra Prajna in the Scripture. This "blessing" is not an ordinary person's Tianfu newspaper, so it's better than others
with this "blessing" to go back, you can not only gain wealth and status in the world, but also become a Buddha with wisdom. Towards the great nirvana of the supreme Bodhi.
that is to say, Yin Jing's virtue is different from ordinary doing good deeds in the world, because there is a deep wisdom of Vajra Prajna in the Scripture. This "blessing" is not an ordinary person's Tianfu newspaper, so it's better than others
with this "blessing" to go back, you can not only gain wealth and status in the world, but also become a Buddha with wisdom. Towards the great nirvana of the supreme Bodhi.
7. Domestic physical electronics journals
2008-05-10 12:38:59
1. Sensor technology (monthly)
this journal is a national comprehensive technical journal sponsored by the 49th Institute of electronics, Ministry of information instry. The journal is a core Chinese Journal, recommended by China International Book Trade Corporation, and included in China Science Citation Database, measurement and testing abstracts, China Electronic Science and Technology Abstracts, etc. It won the second national excellent Sci-tech Journal Award, China Journal matrix double effect Journal Award, Ministry of electronic instry excellent Sci-tech Journal Award, Ministry of information instry excellent Sci-tech Journal Award, Heilongjiang Province excellent Sci-tech Journal Award. It mainly reports all kinds of sensitive components, sensors and electronic technology, scientific research achievements and procts in China. It also reports the general situation of enterprises, personages, instry activities, market information, technical information, economic information, etc<
competent unit: Ministry of information instry
sponsor: No.49 Institute of electronics, Ministry of information instry
editorial unit: Editorial Department of sensor technology
editor in chief: fan Maojun
director:
address: No.29 Yiman street, Nangang District, Harbin City (Harbin 44 mail box information center)
postcode: 150001
Tel: 0451-2511148
Fax: 0451-2511148
email: [email protected]
domestic issue No.: 23-1300 / TN
international issue No.: 1000-9787
postal code No.: 14-203
Pricing: 7.5
2. Optical technology (Bimonthly)
this issue is jointly sponsored by China Ordnance Instry Association, Beijing University of technology and China north optical and Electrical Instry Corporation, It is a central level academic and technical journal sponsored by Department of Optoelectronic Engineering of Beijing University of technology and Optical Society of China Ordnance Engineering Society, edited and published by optical technology magazine. Founded in 1975, it is now a bimonthly magazine with 96 pages and 16 editions. It is published on the 20th of each month. The domestic number is 2-830, and the foreign number is 4127bm. Since 1990, our journal has been listed as a regular journal by the American Engineering Index (EI), and the article collection rate has been about 87%. Benhui has a wide range of distribution, basically covering the entire domestic optoelectronic instry<
responsible unit: Commission of science, technology and instry for national defense
sponsor: China Ordnance Instry Association, Beijing University of technology, North China Optoelectronic Instry Co., Ltd.
editorial unit: Journal of Optical Technology Editorial Department
editor in chief: JIEDER
director:
address: No.5, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing
postcode: 100081
Tel: 68471784
Fax: 68412867
e-mail: [email protected]
domestic issue No.: 11-1879 / O4 International issue number: 1002-1582
mailing Code: 2-830
Pricing: 15
3. Journal of electron micros (Bimonthly)
this journal is sponsored by the Chinese Physical Society and undertaken by the branch of electron micros. It is the only bimonthly magazine in China that reports the new research and application achievements of electron micros and other micros, the development and proction of new instruments, and experimental techniques. This journal timely reflects the new trends and progress of electron micros and other micros, and timely reports the high-tech achievements in the research of Life Science (biology and medicine), material science (especially the emerging nano materials and thin film materials), chemical engineering, geology, etc Journal of electron micros covers a wide range of natural sciences, and is the only academic journal in natural sciences<
unit in charge: China Association for science and technology
organizer: Chinese Physical Society
editorial unit: Editorial Department of Acta electronica Sinica
editor in chief: Yao Junen
director: Li Ningchun
address: Editorial Department of Acta Electronica Sinica, P.O. Box 2724, Beijing
postcode: 100080
Tel: 010-82671519
Fax: 010-62611720
e-mail ： [email protected]
domestic issue No.: 11-2295 / TN
international issue No.: 1000-6281
mailing Code:
Pricing: 20
4. Laser and infrared (Bimonthly)
this journal is a joint publication of China Optical and Optoelectronic Instry Association, laser and infrared professional information network of Ministry of electronics, and quantum and Optoelectronics branch of Chinese electronic society, This paper reports the scientific and technological progress and new technological achievements in the field of optoelectronic technology. There are columns of review and comment, laser technology, infrared technology, optoelectronic devices, optoelectronic materials, market trends and literature information<
competent unit: Ministry of information instry of the people's Republic of China
organizer: North China Institute of optoelectronic technology
editorial unit: Editorial Department of laser and infrared
editor in chief: Yuan Jijun
director: Suo Hongtao
address: box 8511, Chaoyang District, Beijing No.4 Jiuxianqiao Road)
postcode: 100015
Tel: 64362211-310
Fax: 010-64347322
e-mail: [email protected]
domestic serial number: 11-2436 / TN
international serial number: 1001-5078
mailing Code: 2-312
Pricing: 8
5 Laser magazine (Bimonthly)
this magazine is a domestic and international publication approved by the State Press and Publication Bureau. It is a science and technology journal mainly covering optoelectronics and laser technology. Since 1992, it has been listed as the statistical source journal of Chinese scientific and technological papers, and the published papers have been searched by EI<
responsible unit: Chongqing Municipal Commission of science and technology
sponsor: Chongqing Institute of Optics and mechanics
editorial unit: editorial board of laser magazine
editor in chief: Cheng Zhengxue
director: Liu Lingyun
address: No. 35, Yuzhou Road, Shiqiaopu, Chongqing
postal code: 400039
Tel: 023-68611056
Fax: 023-68604291
Fax: 023-68604291/ >Email: [email protected]
domestic issue No.: 50-1085 / TN
international issue No.: 0253-2743
mailing Code: 78-9
Pricing: 10
6. Laser technology (Bimonthly)
this journal is a National Natural Science and Technology Journal approved by the new national science and Technology Commission of the people's Republic of China. From the perspective of science and technology, this journal reflects the application, progress and achievements of laser in China's national defense, instry, agriculture, biology, medicine, communication and people's life, and tracks the development of foreign high technology; We should pay close attention to the research and development of laser technology in various countries and provide the latest information for scientific research, teaching, proction and application in China<
competent unit: China National Ordnance Instry Corporation
organizer: Southwest Institute of Technical Physics
editorial unit: editorial board of laser technology
editor in chief: Hou Tianjin
director: Yu Zulan
address: box 209, Cheng City
postcode: 610041
Tel: 028-5221312-291
Fax: 028-5222120
e-mail ： [email protected]
domestic issue No.: 51-1125 / TN
international issue No.: 1001-3806
mailing Code: 62-74
Pricing: 15
7. Journal of infrared and millimeter wave (Bimonthly)
this journal is in charge of CAS and sponsored by Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, CAS. It mainly publishes innovative papers in Infrared Physics, condensed matter optical geology, nonlinear optics, infrared optoelectronics, infrared and millimeter wave technology, and research reports with advanced level at home and abroad. And set up the interdisciplinary research column<
responsible unit: Chinese Academy of Sciences
sponsor: Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Optical Society
editorial unit: editorial board of Journal of infrared and millimeter wave
editor in chief: Chu Junhao
director: Mi Zhengyu
address: 420, North 1st Road, Zhongshan, Shanghai
postcode: 200083
Tel: 021-65420850-36323 or 3630 7
Fax: 021-553960
email: [email protected]
domestic issue No.: 31-1577 / TN
international issue No.: 1001-9014
mailing Code: 4-335
Pricing: 10
8. Optoelectronic Engineering (monthly)
the contents of this journal include academic papers and technical reports on Engineering Optics and optoelectronic technology, mainly adaptive optics, Applied optics, micro optics, photoelectric capture and tracking measurement technology, optical design, thin film optics, automatic control, television technology, laser technology, lithography, precision engraving and photoelectric sensing technology, optical communication, optical computing, and other high and new technologies in optics<
competent unit: Chinese Academy of Sciences
sponsor: Institute of optoelectronic technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
editorial unit: Editorial Department of Optoelectronic Engineering
editor in chief: Ma Jiaguang
director:
address: box 29, Shuangliu 350, Cheng, Sichuan Province
postcode: 610209
Tel: 028-85100579
Fax: 028-85100502
e-mail Email: [email protected]
domestic serial number: 51-1346 / O4
international serial number: 1003-501x
mailing Code:
Pricing: 11
9. Progress in laser and Optoelectronics (monthly)
this journal is jointly sponsored by Shanghai Institute of Optics and precision mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and national inertial confinement fusion Commission. It aims to pay attention to the hot spots of science and technology development, report the frontier of high and new technology, track the trends of science and technology research and development, and introce the course of scientific exploration; Display the latest technology procts and gather fashion technology information<
competent unit: Chinese Academy of Sciences
sponsor: Shanghai Institute of Optics and precision machinery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Optical Society
editorial unit: Editorial Department of progress in laser and Optoelectronics
editor in chief: Fan Dianyuan
director: Chen Xiue
address: 390 Qinghe Road, Jiading, Shanghai (box 800-211, Shanghai)
postcode: 201800 < B R / > Tel: 021-6991842669918166
Fax: 021-69918800
email: [email protected]
domestic serial number: 31-1690 / TN
international serial number: 1006-4125
mailing Code: 4-179
Pricing: 20
10. Optoelectronic technology and information (Bimonthly)
this is a bimonthly journal of Optoelectronics and optoelectronic technology. The main coverage includes laser technology (such as laser processing, laser medicine and other laser application technology), infrared technology, atmospheric optics and Environmental Optics, optical and photoelectric detection technology, optical fiber communication and sensing technology, as well as new optoelectronic materials, new devices and new technology, etc<
competent unit: Chinese Academy of Sciences
sponsor: Anhui Institute of Optics and precision machinery, Chinese Academy of Sciences Editorial unit: Editorial Department of optoelectronic technology and information
editor in chief: Yu Yinshan
director:
address: box 1125, Hefei City
postcode: 230031
Tel: 0551-5591563
Fax: 0551-5591572
e-mail: [email protected]
domestic serial number: 34-1138 / TN < br />International Journal number: 1006-1231
mailing Code: 26-145
Pricing: 6
11. China Optics Express (English Edition) (monthly)
this journal is the only professional journal in English that comprehensively reflects the latest achievements in laser field in China. It mainly publishes the outstanding scientists in laser, optics, material application and laser medicine in China
2008-05-10 12:38:59
1. Sensor technology (monthly)
this journal is a national comprehensive technical journal sponsored by the 49th Institute of electronics, Ministry of information instry. The journal is a core Chinese Journal, recommended by China International Book Trade Corporation, and included in China Science Citation Database, measurement and testing abstracts, China Electronic Science and Technology Abstracts, etc. It won the second national excellent Sci-tech Journal Award, China Journal matrix double effect Journal Award, Ministry of electronic instry excellent Sci-tech Journal Award, Ministry of information instry excellent Sci-tech Journal Award, Heilongjiang Province excellent Sci-tech Journal Award. It mainly reports all kinds of sensitive components, sensors and electronic technology, scientific research achievements and procts in China. It also reports the general situation of enterprises, personages, instry activities, market information, technical information, economic information, etc<
competent unit: Ministry of information instry
sponsor: No.49 Institute of electronics, Ministry of information instry
editorial unit: Editorial Department of sensor technology
editor in chief: fan Maojun
director:
address: No.29 Yiman street, Nangang District, Harbin City (Harbin 44 mail box information center)
postcode: 150001
Tel: 0451-2511148
Fax: 0451-2511148
email: [email protected]
domestic issue No.: 23-1300 / TN
international issue No.: 1000-9787
postal code No.: 14-203
Pricing: 7.5
2. Optical technology (Bimonthly)
this issue is jointly sponsored by China Ordnance Instry Association, Beijing University of technology and China north optical and Electrical Instry Corporation, It is a central level academic and technical journal sponsored by Department of Optoelectronic Engineering of Beijing University of technology and Optical Society of China Ordnance Engineering Society, edited and published by optical technology magazine. Founded in 1975, it is now a bimonthly magazine with 96 pages and 16 editions. It is published on the 20th of each month. The domestic number is 2-830, and the foreign number is 4127bm. Since 1990, our journal has been listed as a regular journal by the American Engineering Index (EI), and the article collection rate has been about 87%. Benhui has a wide range of distribution, basically covering the entire domestic optoelectronic instry<
responsible unit: Commission of science, technology and instry for national defense
sponsor: China Ordnance Instry Association, Beijing University of technology, North China Optoelectronic Instry Co., Ltd.
editorial unit: Journal of Optical Technology Editorial Department
editor in chief: JIEDER
director:
address: No.5, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing
postcode: 100081
Tel: 68471784
Fax: 68412867
e-mail: [email protected]
domestic issue No.: 11-1879 / O4 International issue number: 1002-1582
mailing Code: 2-830
Pricing: 15
3. Journal of electron micros (Bimonthly)
this journal is sponsored by the Chinese Physical Society and undertaken by the branch of electron micros. It is the only bimonthly magazine in China that reports the new research and application achievements of electron micros and other micros, the development and proction of new instruments, and experimental techniques. This journal timely reflects the new trends and progress of electron micros and other micros, and timely reports the high-tech achievements in the research of Life Science (biology and medicine), material science (especially the emerging nano materials and thin film materials), chemical engineering, geology, etc Journal of electron micros covers a wide range of natural sciences, and is the only academic journal in natural sciences<
unit in charge: China Association for science and technology
organizer: Chinese Physical Society
editorial unit: Editorial Department of Acta electronica Sinica
editor in chief: Yao Junen
director: Li Ningchun
address: Editorial Department of Acta Electronica Sinica, P.O. Box 2724, Beijing
postcode: 100080
Tel: 010-82671519
Fax: 010-62611720
e-mail ： [email protected]
domestic issue No.: 11-2295 / TN
international issue No.: 1000-6281
mailing Code:
Pricing: 20
4. Laser and infrared (Bimonthly)
this journal is a joint publication of China Optical and Optoelectronic Instry Association, laser and infrared professional information network of Ministry of electronics, and quantum and Optoelectronics branch of Chinese electronic society, This paper reports the scientific and technological progress and new technological achievements in the field of optoelectronic technology. There are columns of review and comment, laser technology, infrared technology, optoelectronic devices, optoelectronic materials, market trends and literature information<
competent unit: Ministry of information instry of the people's Republic of China
organizer: North China Institute of optoelectronic technology
editorial unit: Editorial Department of laser and infrared
editor in chief: Yuan Jijun
director: Suo Hongtao
address: box 8511, Chaoyang District, Beijing No.4 Jiuxianqiao Road)
postcode: 100015
Tel: 64362211-310
Fax: 010-64347322
e-mail: [email protected]
domestic serial number: 11-2436 / TN
international serial number: 1001-5078
mailing Code: 2-312
Pricing: 8
5 Laser magazine (Bimonthly)
this magazine is a domestic and international publication approved by the State Press and Publication Bureau. It is a science and technology journal mainly covering optoelectronics and laser technology. Since 1992, it has been listed as the statistical source journal of Chinese scientific and technological papers, and the published papers have been searched by EI<
responsible unit: Chongqing Municipal Commission of science and technology
sponsor: Chongqing Institute of Optics and mechanics
editorial unit: editorial board of laser magazine
editor in chief: Cheng Zhengxue
director: Liu Lingyun
address: No. 35, Yuzhou Road, Shiqiaopu, Chongqing
postal code: 400039
Tel: 023-68611056
Fax: 023-68604291
Fax: 023-68604291/ >Email: [email protected]
domestic issue No.: 50-1085 / TN
international issue No.: 0253-2743
mailing Code: 78-9
Pricing: 10
6. Laser technology (Bimonthly)
this journal is a National Natural Science and Technology Journal approved by the new national science and Technology Commission of the people's Republic of China. From the perspective of science and technology, this journal reflects the application, progress and achievements of laser in China's national defense, instry, agriculture, biology, medicine, communication and people's life, and tracks the development of foreign high technology; We should pay close attention to the research and development of laser technology in various countries and provide the latest information for scientific research, teaching, proction and application in China<
competent unit: China National Ordnance Instry Corporation
organizer: Southwest Institute of Technical Physics
editorial unit: editorial board of laser technology
editor in chief: Hou Tianjin
director: Yu Zulan
address: box 209, Cheng City
postcode: 610041
Tel: 028-5221312-291
Fax: 028-5222120
e-mail ： [email protected]
domestic issue No.: 51-1125 / TN
international issue No.: 1001-3806
mailing Code: 62-74
Pricing: 15
7. Journal of infrared and millimeter wave (Bimonthly)
this journal is in charge of CAS and sponsored by Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, CAS. It mainly publishes innovative papers in Infrared Physics, condensed matter optical geology, nonlinear optics, infrared optoelectronics, infrared and millimeter wave technology, and research reports with advanced level at home and abroad. And set up the interdisciplinary research column<
responsible unit: Chinese Academy of Sciences
sponsor: Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Optical Society
editorial unit: editorial board of Journal of infrared and millimeter wave
editor in chief: Chu Junhao
director: Mi Zhengyu
address: 420, North 1st Road, Zhongshan, Shanghai
postcode: 200083
Tel: 021-65420850-36323 or 3630 7
Fax: 021-553960
email: [email protected]
domestic issue No.: 31-1577 / TN
international issue No.: 1001-9014
mailing Code: 4-335
Pricing: 10
8. Optoelectronic Engineering (monthly)
the contents of this journal include academic papers and technical reports on Engineering Optics and optoelectronic technology, mainly adaptive optics, Applied optics, micro optics, photoelectric capture and tracking measurement technology, optical design, thin film optics, automatic control, television technology, laser technology, lithography, precision engraving and photoelectric sensing technology, optical communication, optical computing, and other high and new technologies in optics<
competent unit: Chinese Academy of Sciences
sponsor: Institute of optoelectronic technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
editorial unit: Editorial Department of Optoelectronic Engineering
editor in chief: Ma Jiaguang
director:
address: box 29, Shuangliu 350, Cheng, Sichuan Province
postcode: 610209
Tel: 028-85100579
Fax: 028-85100502
e-mail Email: [email protected]
domestic serial number: 51-1346 / O4
international serial number: 1003-501x
mailing Code:
Pricing: 11
9. Progress in laser and Optoelectronics (monthly)
this journal is jointly sponsored by Shanghai Institute of Optics and precision mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and national inertial confinement fusion Commission. It aims to pay attention to the hot spots of science and technology development, report the frontier of high and new technology, track the trends of science and technology research and development, and introce the course of scientific exploration; Display the latest technology procts and gather fashion technology information<
competent unit: Chinese Academy of Sciences
sponsor: Shanghai Institute of Optics and precision machinery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Optical Society
editorial unit: Editorial Department of progress in laser and Optoelectronics
editor in chief: Fan Dianyuan
director: Chen Xiue
address: 390 Qinghe Road, Jiading, Shanghai (box 800-211, Shanghai)
postcode: 201800 < B R / > Tel: 021-6991842669918166
Fax: 021-69918800
email: [email protected]
domestic serial number: 31-1690 / TN
international serial number: 1006-4125
mailing Code: 4-179
Pricing: 20
10. Optoelectronic technology and information (Bimonthly)
this is a bimonthly journal of Optoelectronics and optoelectronic technology. The main coverage includes laser technology (such as laser processing, laser medicine and other laser application technology), infrared technology, atmospheric optics and Environmental Optics, optical and photoelectric detection technology, optical fiber communication and sensing technology, as well as new optoelectronic materials, new devices and new technology, etc<
competent unit: Chinese Academy of Sciences
sponsor: Anhui Institute of Optics and precision machinery, Chinese Academy of Sciences Editorial unit: Editorial Department of optoelectronic technology and information
editor in chief: Yu Yinshan
director:
address: box 1125, Hefei City
postcode: 230031
Tel: 0551-5591563
Fax: 0551-5591572
e-mail: [email protected]
domestic serial number: 34-1138 / TN < br />International Journal number: 1006-1231
mailing Code: 26-145
Pricing: 6
11. China Optics Express (English Edition) (monthly)
this journal is the only professional journal in English that comprehensively reflects the latest achievements in laser field in China. It mainly publishes the outstanding scientists in laser, optics, material application and laser medicine in China
8. No one can take away the merits and virtues of Buddha chanting, sutra chanting and doing good. This is just like knowledge. Whoever learns knowledge is always his own, and no one can take it away.
9. Materials: one piece of linen and one piece of figured cloth with the same size
steps:
1. Fold the cloth in half to draw the shape and pattern of the purse, leaving 1cm at the edge for sewing
2. Put a thin layer of cotton in the middle of the linen cloth to embroider patterns
3. Make a pocket for placing credit cards and other items in the wallet, and put auxiliary cotton on the inner layer of calico
4. Make a pair of buttons with cloth strips and put all the parts together.
steps:
1. Fold the cloth in half to draw the shape and pattern of the purse, leaving 1cm at the edge for sewing
2. Put a thin layer of cotton in the middle of the linen cloth to embroider patterns
3. Make a pocket for placing credit cards and other items in the wallet, and put auxiliary cotton on the inner layer of calico
4. Make a pair of buttons with cloth strips and put all the parts together.
10. Those who have done good deeds and good deeds without asking for anything in return, give money, food, clothing and their hands to help the needy who deserve help. To accumulate happiness and virtue means great merit.
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