Shopping mall in Beijing
Publish: 2021-05-28 07:13:45
1. Iran has given up the US dollar in Oil Trade and switched to the euro for pricing and settlement
it seems that North Korea only accepts the euro in foreign trade. Therefore, in addition to barter, the two countries should adopt Euro when they need currency settlement
if the two sides separately reach a currency swap agreement to receive and exchange settlement on a regular basis, it is better to use the euro than to spend more. Or use bitcoin as an encryption currency. Anyway, Iran and North Korea seem to have a lot of bitcoin in their hands, which is not needed in a timely manner.
it seems that North Korea only accepts the euro in foreign trade. Therefore, in addition to barter, the two countries should adopt Euro when they need currency settlement
if the two sides separately reach a currency swap agreement to receive and exchange settlement on a regular basis, it is better to use the euro than to spend more. Or use bitcoin as an encryption currency. Anyway, Iran and North Korea seem to have a lot of bitcoin in their hands, which is not needed in a timely manner.
2.
Beijing shopping malls have youtang shopping center, Chaoyang Joy City, Tongzhou Wanda, Qiaofu fangcaoyou shopping center, and Sanlitun taiguli center
1, youtang shopping center is located outside Chaoyang, the core area of Beijing, with new white-collar workers as the main customer group, based on Chaoyang and radiating Beijing. Youtang shopping center perfectly adheres to the style and characteristics of fashion buildings, scientifically plans the layout landscape of indoor blocks, creates a fashionable and relaxed, warm and calm shopping experience space and social platform, and emotionally interprets the new positioning of "urban white-collar youhuotiandi"
2, Chaoyang Joy City
Chaoyang Joy City is located in the core area of Chaoqing plate in the east of Beijing, the northeast corner of the intersection of Chaoyang North Road and Qingnian Road, between the fourth and fifth ring roads, and yaojiayuan Road and Chaoyang Road form a three horizontal and three vertical road network system, which centralizes a variety of travel tools, such as subway, bus, etc., with extremely convenient transportation
5, Sanlitun taiguli middle
Sanlitun is located in the central and Western Chaoyang District of Beijing. It is three li away from the inner city. Now it is famous for Sanlitun Bar Street. Sanlitun Bar Street is one of the most prosperous entertainment streets in Beijing. Sanlitun is located in the Midwest of Chaoyang District, Beijing. Starting from Sanlitun road in the East, Xindong road in the west, No.2 trolley car factory in the north, and worker's Stadium North Road in the south, it gets its name because it is three li away from the inner city
3. First, the proportion of proction formula reference (50 kg)
1, 0.2 yuan a catty cost: Super detergent concentrate 2.5 kg + drawing powder 20 G + flavor, preservative, salt + water 48 kg, consistency can heap.
2, 0.3 yuan a catty cost: Super detergent concentrate 3.8 kg + drawing powder 20 G + flavor, preservative, salt + + water 47 kg. Consistency is good..
3, 0.4 yuan a catty cost: Super detergent concentrate 4.5 kg + Super detergent mate (super all-around emulsifier) 0.5 kg + drawing powder 20 G + flavor, preservative, salt + + water 45 kg, consistency is close to bottled. Br />
4, 0.5 yuan a catty cost: Super detergent concentrate 5 kg + Super detergent mate (super all-around emulsifier) 1 kg + drawing powder 20 G + flavor, preservative, salt + + water 44 kg, consistency is close to bottled. The oil removal ability of alkaline formula exceeds that of brand
5, 0.6 yuan a catty cost: Super detergent concentrate 5 kg + Super detergent mate (super all-around emulsifier) 1.7 kg + drawing powder 20 G + flavor, preservative, salt + water 43 kg, consistency is almost the same as bottling. The oil removal ability of alkaline formula exceeds that of brand
6. Adjust the proportion of other costs according to the above data
two, proction process
1, proction process: the super cleanser masterbatch, super detergent partner (super all-around emulsifier), drawing powder, essence, preservatives into the water, stirring with the mixer to dissolve with salt thickening on the line. How to adjust the proportion of salt
1) initial determination of the proportion of salt: first do a small test of one kilogram of proct, the method is: pinch a little salt with your fingers (do not use a spoon), put it little by little, put it once, stir and dissolve it, and then put it again. When the consistency is proced, if the consistency can not be improved after three times of continuous salting, it means that the proportion of salt is enough. The salt to be used should be measured first, and the proportion of salt to be used for one kilogram of proct should be determined, and then the proportion to be used for proction should be enlarged< 2) determine the proportion of salt: there will be a certain measurement error when the proportion of salt used for one kilogram of proct is enlarged to the required proportion for proction, so it needs to be adjusted again. Adjustment method: beat one kilogram of washing solution and adjust the proportion of salt to the thickest state to know the final proportion of salt< 3) adjust the proportion of salt: change the variety of salt (edible salt, instrial salt, salt water, crude salt), change the weight of water, adjust the formula, adjust the cost, adjust the raw materials, and adjust the proportion of salt in one of these cases. Note: too much salt will turn into water and the water solution will turn white
4) for novices, first do a small test of one kilogram of procts. After dissolving all the raw materials, divide them into ten parts to adjust the salt, and find out the method first.
1, 0.2 yuan a catty cost: Super detergent concentrate 2.5 kg + drawing powder 20 G + flavor, preservative, salt + water 48 kg, consistency can heap.
2, 0.3 yuan a catty cost: Super detergent concentrate 3.8 kg + drawing powder 20 G + flavor, preservative, salt + + water 47 kg. Consistency is good..
3, 0.4 yuan a catty cost: Super detergent concentrate 4.5 kg + Super detergent mate (super all-around emulsifier) 0.5 kg + drawing powder 20 G + flavor, preservative, salt + + water 45 kg, consistency is close to bottled. Br />
4, 0.5 yuan a catty cost: Super detergent concentrate 5 kg + Super detergent mate (super all-around emulsifier) 1 kg + drawing powder 20 G + flavor, preservative, salt + + water 44 kg, consistency is close to bottled. The oil removal ability of alkaline formula exceeds that of brand
5, 0.6 yuan a catty cost: Super detergent concentrate 5 kg + Super detergent mate (super all-around emulsifier) 1.7 kg + drawing powder 20 G + flavor, preservative, salt + water 43 kg, consistency is almost the same as bottling. The oil removal ability of alkaline formula exceeds that of brand
6. Adjust the proportion of other costs according to the above data
two, proction process
1, proction process: the super cleanser masterbatch, super detergent partner (super all-around emulsifier), drawing powder, essence, preservatives into the water, stirring with the mixer to dissolve with salt thickening on the line. How to adjust the proportion of salt
1) initial determination of the proportion of salt: first do a small test of one kilogram of proct, the method is: pinch a little salt with your fingers (do not use a spoon), put it little by little, put it once, stir and dissolve it, and then put it again. When the consistency is proced, if the consistency can not be improved after three times of continuous salting, it means that the proportion of salt is enough. The salt to be used should be measured first, and the proportion of salt to be used for one kilogram of proct should be determined, and then the proportion to be used for proction should be enlarged< 2) determine the proportion of salt: there will be a certain measurement error when the proportion of salt used for one kilogram of proct is enlarged to the required proportion for proction, so it needs to be adjusted again. Adjustment method: beat one kilogram of washing solution and adjust the proportion of salt to the thickest state to know the final proportion of salt< 3) adjust the proportion of salt: change the variety of salt (edible salt, instrial salt, salt water, crude salt), change the weight of water, adjust the formula, adjust the cost, adjust the raw materials, and adjust the proportion of salt in one of these cases. Note: too much salt will turn into water and the water solution will turn white
4) for novices, first do a small test of one kilogram of procts. After dissolving all the raw materials, divide them into ten parts to adjust the salt, and find out the method first.
4.
Milo cube is a Milo short video project independently developed by Zhejiang Milo Cube Technology Co., Ltd. as a newly developed short video app, Milo short video breaks the inherent mode of traditional short video, with Milo and happiness unknown to others as the core. Milo is a short video publishing platform, a mobile live broadcasting platform enabled by blockchain technology, an online Red incubation and training institution, and an online Red incubation and training institution It is a second-class e-commerce platform with goods, and a professional short video publishing platform that provides users with a short video recording, uploading and publishing as one
extended materials:
the business scope of milk cube company includes: Services: network technology, computer software and hardware, blockchain technology, data processing technology, information technology development, technical consultation, technical services, achievement transfer, design, proction, agency, release of domestic advertising, computer system integration, Business Internet cultural services, the use of information networks to operate game procts, the second type of value-added telecommunications services in the information services business; Sales: electronic procts; Import and export of goods, etc
5.
Made in China 2025 and instry 4.0 are hot topics in recent two years, which are not only related to the virtual Internet instry, but also closely related to the physical manufacturing instry. Relying on these two basic concepts, a series of high-tech procts such as artificial intelligence, Internet of things, cloud computing, blockchain and video socialization are derived. In order to realize this series of functions, 5g is the "new engine of digital economy"
the entry of Marvel r into the market marks that the automobile instry has entered the 5g fast lane since then, and is graally getting rid of the mechanical and hardware structure, and starting to move towards a more high-end and intelligent direction. This direction is exactly the core focus of future auto market competition
as the "first person to eat crabs", SAIC r did not disappoint everyone, but brought a bright proct. At the same time, it also defines the future development direction of 5g automobile to a certain extent, providing more imagination space for mobile travel
6. I think Fortune magazine is about C economy
7. Since 1993, people have been able to see not only words, but also pictures and hear on the Internet&# 8194; Sound makes the online world beautiful and colorful, which is mainly e to the "www World Wide Web"
WWW is the abbreviation of World Wide Web, also known as web, 3W, etc. WWW is a combination of information discovery technology and Hypertext Technology Based on client / server mode. WWW server organizes information into hypertext with pictures and texts through hypertext markup language (HTML), and uses links to jump from one site to another. In this way, it completely gets rid of the limitation that the previous query tools can only search information step by step according to the specific path
the World Wide Web enables people all over the world to communicate with each other on an unprecedented scale. People who are far away, even people of different ages, can develop close relationships or sublimate each other's ideological realm through the Internet. The advantage of digital storage is that it can query the information resources on the network more efficiently than consulting the library or real books. You can get information more quickly than you can get it by hand, or by mail, telephone, telegraph, or other means of communication
the world wide web is the most profound and extensive media in human history. It enables its users to connect with other people scattered around the world, far more than can be achieved through specific contact or the sum of all other existing communication media
today, the Internet is a household name, the mobile Internet is booming, and the satellite Internet is also rising. Just like transportation, electricity, gas and tap water, these networks are indispensable infrastructures for human society. If we say that in the early days, infrastructure delivered material and energy, then Internet, mobile Internet and satellite Internet delivered information, so they are called information infrastructure. Different from material and energy, information has natural permeability, knowledge and intelligence, and its marginal cost of proction and transmission is far less than that of material and energy. Therefore, its role in promoting the development of human society is far greater than that of material and energy
in the new infrastructure launched by China in response to COVID-19's impact on the global economy, 5G, Internet of things, instrial Internet, Satellite Internet and other information infrastructure, as well as its related intelligent transportation, intelligent energy infrastructure and other infrastructure have become the main content of construction. The satellite Internet has been included in the scope of new infrastructure, which makes people in China's satellite communication instry excited. It seems that the whole instry suddenly has a feeling of turning over to be the master. There is no doubt that the satellite Internet is included in the scope of the new infrastructure, which is a good thing for the development of China's satellite communications. At this moment, in order to know where the content of the new infrastructure comes from, it is necessary to review the development history of the Internet, mobile Internet and satellite Internet. Because, review the old and know the new<
2. The Internet dominates the world. Internet originated in the United States, its English name is Internet, it was originally transliterated into the Internet in China. Literally, Internet is composed of inter and net, which means the network connected with each other. The Internet began in 1969 with the research project of network interconnection for military communication launched by ARPA (Research and projects agency of the Department of Defense) of the United States. The main objects of connection are computers. At that time, PSTN (public telephone network), X.25 (public data network), DDN (public digital data network) and the private network of IBM's Dec were all business networks serving specific fields, which were heterogeneous and could not be interconnected. ARPA network interconnection research project plans to develop a set of TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol) as the core protocol family, which aims to connect various heterogeneous networks and realize the interconnection between computers. Therefore, the early Internet is also called computer network
TCP / IP is simplified from the seven layer OSI protocol of ISO (International Organization for Standardization), which is divided into five layers: physical layer, link layer, network layer, transmission layer and application layer. The physical layer is to realize the transmission of signals on various media, and channel coding and molation and demolation are the main technologies; The link layer realizes the point-to-point transmission between network nodes, and synchronization and error correction are the main technologies; In the network layer, packets are delivered from the source to the destination. Routing and switching are the main technologies; The transport layer implements end-to-end session and confirmation; The application layer provides interfaces for various applications. IP and TCP correspond to network and transport layer respectively, and IP is the center of internet protocol family
the nodes in the Internet are well-known routers, which connect various heterogeneous networks with IP protocol. The end-user data is encapsulated into a unified format IP packet, which includes the world's unique IP address. IP packets are encapsulated in a variety of network protocols, and routers are used to route and relay packets. This process is vividly called IP over everything, which refers to a variety of heterogeneous networks
in the early days, routers had to deal with various network protocols, such as X.25, framerelay, ISDN and ATM. Because the number of users is small and the amount of data processed is small, the general router can be handy. In 1993, the Clinton administration of the United States put forward the national information infrastructure (NII) or information superhighway plan. People's awareness of the importance of information network has been unprecedentedly improved. Because of its strong openness and inclusiveness, the Internet soon surpassed the well-designed ISDN and ATM networks in the telecommunications instry. The popularity of WWW (World Wide Web) based on HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), the grouping and IP packet transmission of voice and video enrich the application of the Internet, and also make the amount of data on the Internet increase exponentially, which has a huge impact on the original data transmission and exchange mode of the Internet
in order to cope with the above impact, the Internet has three important solutions. One is to run PPP (point-to-point protocol) on top of large capacity SDH (synchronous digital hierarchy) optical network to replace various low-speed service networks in backbone, convergence and access layer. The other is to introce MPLS (multi protocol label switching) technology in router to improve the speed of data processing. According to different application scenarios and service processing capabilities, routers are divided into backbone, aggregation and access routes. In addition, there are home routers. The third is to divide the priority of various application data, and provide carrier level services for voice and other applications. In addition, in the process of Internet commercialization, network access technology is also in succession. XDSL (digital subscriber line) based on telephone twisted pair copper wire and DOCSIS (cable data service interface specification) based on cable TV cable have played an important supporting role, But they are eventually replaced by WiFi (wireless fidelity) wireless network and various PON (passive optical network) optical network
so far, the Internet has completed a gorgeous turn, it is no longer dependent on others, but independent, and realizes the integration of telephone network and cable TV network in the triple play. Today's IP phone, IPTV and otttv are typical procts of triple play. They are like telephone network and television network in application form, but the network structure is Internet. This result has been vividly called everything over IP. Here everything refers to all kinds of content and applications. Today, the so-called Internet companies abroad, such as Facebook, Google and twitter, as well as domestic networks, Alibaba and Tencent, are actually engaged in Internet applications, such as e-commerce and social networking, while the Internet in the physical sense is mainly in the hands of telecom operators< It should be said that although wireless and microwave transmission have played a certain role, the Internet was initially developed on the basis of wired network. The goal of the Internet is to connect the Internet and to unite the computers all over the world. The goal of the mobile network is to communicate anytime and anywhere. Since the 1970s, mobile communication has been updated every ten years. If we say that the first 1g is analog voice mobile communication system, which is not related to the Internet, then, starting from 2G digital communication, every step of the development of mobile communication is strongly affected by the Internet, and eventually becomes an important part and application form of the Internet, and has a great momentum to catch up
the graal integration of mobile communication into the Internet and the development of mobile Internet are completed in the 2G and 3G periods, and the starting point is GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) in the 2G period. GPRS is a wireless packet switching technology based on GSM network voice circuit switching to provide end-to-end, wide area wireless IP connection and data transmission. GPRS is a 2.5G technology for the transition from GSM network to 3G network. It realizes the connection between mobile communication and Internet. Its theoretical bandwidth can reach 171.2kbps, and the actual bandwidth is about 40 ~ 100kbps. On top of GPRS, WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) converts the HTML data on the Internet into WML (Wireless Markup Language) format, so as to adapt to the application scenarios with limited network speed and mobile phone intelligence at that time
after entering the 3G era, in order to meet the bandwidth growth needs brought by smart phones such as apple and various value-added applications, HSDPA (high-speed downlink packet access) and HSUPA (high-speed uplink packet access) and their enhanced HSPA + technologies, which have higher speed than GPRS, begin to appear one after another. The uplink rate of HSPA + is 5.76mbps, and the downlink rate is 21mbps or 28Mbps
unlike 2G and 3G, which transmit voice and data separately through circuit and packet domain, 4G completely cancels circuit domain and uses unified packet domain to carry all services. It processes voice and other real-time services through IMS (IP multimedia subsystem). Volte (long term evolution voice bearer) is a standard for transmitting voice over IP. It can be seen that 4G has transformed mobile communication into a real mobile Internet. Entering the 5g mobile Internet stage, its application field has expanded from ordinary Internet applications to Internet of things, Internet of vehicles and instrial Internet. Not only that, 5g also realizes the system integration of Internet of things, cloud computing, big data and blockchain technology, which makes the whole society move towards the era of artificial intelligence. In the era of artificial intelligence, the Internet is more like the human brain. It has hearing, vision and touch. It can analyze, calculate, store and judge. In the end, it may have self-consciousness< Although the terrestrial Internet is very developed, it only covers 20% of the earth's land area and 5.8% of the earth's surface. In order to truly realize 5g's vision of Internet of all things and random access, we also need the help of Satellite Internet which can truly cover the whole world
it should be said that the internetization of satellite communication network began as early as 2000, and the combination of VSAT network with DVB-S (digital video broadcasting satellite) and DVB-RCS (digital video broadcasting satellite return channel) is a key link. DVB-S was originally a set of technology developed by ETSI for satellite digital video broadcasting
WWW is the abbreviation of World Wide Web, also known as web, 3W, etc. WWW is a combination of information discovery technology and Hypertext Technology Based on client / server mode. WWW server organizes information into hypertext with pictures and texts through hypertext markup language (HTML), and uses links to jump from one site to another. In this way, it completely gets rid of the limitation that the previous query tools can only search information step by step according to the specific path
the World Wide Web enables people all over the world to communicate with each other on an unprecedented scale. People who are far away, even people of different ages, can develop close relationships or sublimate each other's ideological realm through the Internet. The advantage of digital storage is that it can query the information resources on the network more efficiently than consulting the library or real books. You can get information more quickly than you can get it by hand, or by mail, telephone, telegraph, or other means of communication
the world wide web is the most profound and extensive media in human history. It enables its users to connect with other people scattered around the world, far more than can be achieved through specific contact or the sum of all other existing communication media
today, the Internet is a household name, the mobile Internet is booming, and the satellite Internet is also rising. Just like transportation, electricity, gas and tap water, these networks are indispensable infrastructures for human society. If we say that in the early days, infrastructure delivered material and energy, then Internet, mobile Internet and satellite Internet delivered information, so they are called information infrastructure. Different from material and energy, information has natural permeability, knowledge and intelligence, and its marginal cost of proction and transmission is far less than that of material and energy. Therefore, its role in promoting the development of human society is far greater than that of material and energy
in the new infrastructure launched by China in response to COVID-19's impact on the global economy, 5G, Internet of things, instrial Internet, Satellite Internet and other information infrastructure, as well as its related intelligent transportation, intelligent energy infrastructure and other infrastructure have become the main content of construction. The satellite Internet has been included in the scope of new infrastructure, which makes people in China's satellite communication instry excited. It seems that the whole instry suddenly has a feeling of turning over to be the master. There is no doubt that the satellite Internet is included in the scope of the new infrastructure, which is a good thing for the development of China's satellite communications. At this moment, in order to know where the content of the new infrastructure comes from, it is necessary to review the development history of the Internet, mobile Internet and satellite Internet. Because, review the old and know the new<
2. The Internet dominates the world. Internet originated in the United States, its English name is Internet, it was originally transliterated into the Internet in China. Literally, Internet is composed of inter and net, which means the network connected with each other. The Internet began in 1969 with the research project of network interconnection for military communication launched by ARPA (Research and projects agency of the Department of Defense) of the United States. The main objects of connection are computers. At that time, PSTN (public telephone network), X.25 (public data network), DDN (public digital data network) and the private network of IBM's Dec were all business networks serving specific fields, which were heterogeneous and could not be interconnected. ARPA network interconnection research project plans to develop a set of TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol) as the core protocol family, which aims to connect various heterogeneous networks and realize the interconnection between computers. Therefore, the early Internet is also called computer network
TCP / IP is simplified from the seven layer OSI protocol of ISO (International Organization for Standardization), which is divided into five layers: physical layer, link layer, network layer, transmission layer and application layer. The physical layer is to realize the transmission of signals on various media, and channel coding and molation and demolation are the main technologies; The link layer realizes the point-to-point transmission between network nodes, and synchronization and error correction are the main technologies; In the network layer, packets are delivered from the source to the destination. Routing and switching are the main technologies; The transport layer implements end-to-end session and confirmation; The application layer provides interfaces for various applications. IP and TCP correspond to network and transport layer respectively, and IP is the center of internet protocol family
the nodes in the Internet are well-known routers, which connect various heterogeneous networks with IP protocol. The end-user data is encapsulated into a unified format IP packet, which includes the world's unique IP address. IP packets are encapsulated in a variety of network protocols, and routers are used to route and relay packets. This process is vividly called IP over everything, which refers to a variety of heterogeneous networks
in the early days, routers had to deal with various network protocols, such as X.25, framerelay, ISDN and ATM. Because the number of users is small and the amount of data processed is small, the general router can be handy. In 1993, the Clinton administration of the United States put forward the national information infrastructure (NII) or information superhighway plan. People's awareness of the importance of information network has been unprecedentedly improved. Because of its strong openness and inclusiveness, the Internet soon surpassed the well-designed ISDN and ATM networks in the telecommunications instry. The popularity of WWW (World Wide Web) based on HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), the grouping and IP packet transmission of voice and video enrich the application of the Internet, and also make the amount of data on the Internet increase exponentially, which has a huge impact on the original data transmission and exchange mode of the Internet
in order to cope with the above impact, the Internet has three important solutions. One is to run PPP (point-to-point protocol) on top of large capacity SDH (synchronous digital hierarchy) optical network to replace various low-speed service networks in backbone, convergence and access layer. The other is to introce MPLS (multi protocol label switching) technology in router to improve the speed of data processing. According to different application scenarios and service processing capabilities, routers are divided into backbone, aggregation and access routes. In addition, there are home routers. The third is to divide the priority of various application data, and provide carrier level services for voice and other applications. In addition, in the process of Internet commercialization, network access technology is also in succession. XDSL (digital subscriber line) based on telephone twisted pair copper wire and DOCSIS (cable data service interface specification) based on cable TV cable have played an important supporting role, But they are eventually replaced by WiFi (wireless fidelity) wireless network and various PON (passive optical network) optical network
so far, the Internet has completed a gorgeous turn, it is no longer dependent on others, but independent, and realizes the integration of telephone network and cable TV network in the triple play. Today's IP phone, IPTV and otttv are typical procts of triple play. They are like telephone network and television network in application form, but the network structure is Internet. This result has been vividly called everything over IP. Here everything refers to all kinds of content and applications. Today, the so-called Internet companies abroad, such as Facebook, Google and twitter, as well as domestic networks, Alibaba and Tencent, are actually engaged in Internet applications, such as e-commerce and social networking, while the Internet in the physical sense is mainly in the hands of telecom operators< It should be said that although wireless and microwave transmission have played a certain role, the Internet was initially developed on the basis of wired network. The goal of the Internet is to connect the Internet and to unite the computers all over the world. The goal of the mobile network is to communicate anytime and anywhere. Since the 1970s, mobile communication has been updated every ten years. If we say that the first 1g is analog voice mobile communication system, which is not related to the Internet, then, starting from 2G digital communication, every step of the development of mobile communication is strongly affected by the Internet, and eventually becomes an important part and application form of the Internet, and has a great momentum to catch up
the graal integration of mobile communication into the Internet and the development of mobile Internet are completed in the 2G and 3G periods, and the starting point is GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) in the 2G period. GPRS is a wireless packet switching technology based on GSM network voice circuit switching to provide end-to-end, wide area wireless IP connection and data transmission. GPRS is a 2.5G technology for the transition from GSM network to 3G network. It realizes the connection between mobile communication and Internet. Its theoretical bandwidth can reach 171.2kbps, and the actual bandwidth is about 40 ~ 100kbps. On top of GPRS, WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) converts the HTML data on the Internet into WML (Wireless Markup Language) format, so as to adapt to the application scenarios with limited network speed and mobile phone intelligence at that time
after entering the 3G era, in order to meet the bandwidth growth needs brought by smart phones such as apple and various value-added applications, HSDPA (high-speed downlink packet access) and HSUPA (high-speed uplink packet access) and their enhanced HSPA + technologies, which have higher speed than GPRS, begin to appear one after another. The uplink rate of HSPA + is 5.76mbps, and the downlink rate is 21mbps or 28Mbps
unlike 2G and 3G, which transmit voice and data separately through circuit and packet domain, 4G completely cancels circuit domain and uses unified packet domain to carry all services. It processes voice and other real-time services through IMS (IP multimedia subsystem). Volte (long term evolution voice bearer) is a standard for transmitting voice over IP. It can be seen that 4G has transformed mobile communication into a real mobile Internet. Entering the 5g mobile Internet stage, its application field has expanded from ordinary Internet applications to Internet of things, Internet of vehicles and instrial Internet. Not only that, 5g also realizes the system integration of Internet of things, cloud computing, big data and blockchain technology, which makes the whole society move towards the era of artificial intelligence. In the era of artificial intelligence, the Internet is more like the human brain. It has hearing, vision and touch. It can analyze, calculate, store and judge. In the end, it may have self-consciousness< Although the terrestrial Internet is very developed, it only covers 20% of the earth's land area and 5.8% of the earth's surface. In order to truly realize 5g's vision of Internet of all things and random access, we also need the help of Satellite Internet which can truly cover the whole world
it should be said that the internetization of satellite communication network began as early as 2000, and the combination of VSAT network with DVB-S (digital video broadcasting satellite) and DVB-RCS (digital video broadcasting satellite return channel) is a key link. DVB-S was originally a set of technology developed by ETSI for satellite digital video broadcasting
8. Is it FOB or FOB.
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