The most powerful computer
hope to adopt
In order to enter the artificial intelligence instry, we must first have a certain mathematical foundation, because artificial intelligence is different from app development, web development, game development and other traditional internet jobs. We can check the API call function or beautify the interface every day
Artificial intelligence is evolved from "approximation theory" in mathematics. At the beginning, most of the methods used in artificial intelligence are used by mathematicians to approximate some nonlinear functions which are difficult to express. Later, with the improvement of computer performance, computer workers and statisticians began to try to use this set of "approximation theory" to solve some classification problems. Graally developed into the current situation of artificial intelligence2. At the beginning of the development of artificial intelligence instry, there are few API functions available, so it is necessary to write your own algorithm. For the engineers who want to master the knowledge of artificial intelligence, mathematics is an unavoidable obstacle
Artificial intelligence is a big concept. Nowadays, the so-called AI applications of many companies are still in the primary stage, such as information (data) classification, filtering, pattern recognition and so on. Many languages have formed code packages, open source code and so on, More is the need for the support of big data, constantly optimize the algorithm4. Now some popular intelligent devices, smart home, I don't think it is artificial intelligence, but more is the application of various sensors and program rules. Maybe this kind of instry will be closer to life and more market. The prospect is very promising. However, just like making software, it's not sure that a good software proct can be made with good technology. It's necessary to have a deep understanding of user needs and pay attention to user experience. In your background, I think it may be better to develop in this direction
1. Supercomputers:
usually refers to the computer composed of hundreds, thousands or even more processors, which can calculate large and complex tasks that ordinary PC and server cannot complete. Supercomputer is a kind of computer with the strongest function, the fastest computing speed and the largest storage capacity. It is an important symbol of the national scientific and technological development level and comprehensive national strength
2. Server:
refers to some high-performance computers, which can provide services through the network. Compared with ordinary computer, the stability, security, performance and other aspects are higher, so the CPU, chipset, memory, disk system, network and other hardware are different from ordinary computer
the server is the node of the network, which stores and processes 80% of the data and information on the network, and plays an important role in the network. They are high-performance computers that provide various services for client computers. Their high performance mainly includes high-speed computing power, long-time reliable operation, strong external data throughput and so on
3. Desktop:
is a kind of independent and separate computer, which has no connection with other parts. Compared with notebook and netbook, the volume is larger, and the host, display and other devices are generally relatively independent, and generally need to be placed on the computer desk or special workbench. So it's called desktop
as a very popular microcomputer, most of the machines used in homes and companies are desktop computers. The performance of desktop is better than that of laptop
4. Embedded system:
that is, embedded systems
, is an application-oriented, microprocessor-based, software and hardware tailorable special-purpose computer system, which adapts to the application system's strict requirements on function, reliability, cost, volume, power consumption, etc. It is generally composed of embedded microprocessor, peripheral hardware, embedded operating system and user's application program
extended data
computer microprocessor (CPU) takes transistor as the basic component. With the continuous improvement of processor and the acceleration of update speed, computer structure and components will also change greatly. With the development of photoelectric technology, quantum technology and biotechnology, it has a great role in promoting the development of new computers
Since 1980s, ALU and control unit (CPU) have been integrated into one integrated circuit, which is called microprocessorthe working mode of this kind of computer is very intuitive: in a clock cycle, the computer first obtains instructions and data from memory, then executes instructions, stores data, and then obtains the next instruction
this process is repeated until a termination instruction is obtained. Explained by the controller, the instruction set executed by the arithmetic unit is a well-defined and very limited set of simple instructions
The traditional computer processing information is mainly characters and numbers. In fact, people are more used to pictures, words, sounds, images and other forms of multimedia information. Multimedia technology can integrate graphics, images, audio, video and text, making the object and content of information processing closer to the real world< br />Why do computers work so fast
because the arithmetic unit and controller in the electronic computer are composed of bistable circuit and various "gate" circuits; In other words, they are calculated by using the high-speed transmission characteristics of electricity. We know that the transmission speed of electricity is 300000 kilometers per second, which is very fast. Therefore, the computing speed of the electronic computer is very fast< Secondly, the operation of electronic computer is very simple. No matter how complicated the problem is, as long as the personnel design the calculation program in advance and send the calculation program together with the original data to the computer, it can automatically calculate the original data step by step according to the manual program. Each operation is very simple. For example, to add, you only need to do 1 + 1 = 10, 1 + 0 = 1, 0 + 1 = 1, 0 + 0 = 0. There are only four cases (subtraction, multiplication and division are the same). Such a simple calculation, primary school students can quickly work out. Because the calculation is simple, the arithmetic unit can also be very simple; In other words, the bistable circuit and "gate" circuit are needed less, and the electronic path is also less, which makes the operation speed faster.
Among the 2.791 petaflop computing power of the global top 500, the computing power of IBM supercomputer exceeds 1.5 petaflop, which is more than three times of the total computing power of HP, the closest competitor to IBM. Moreover, among the top 10 supercomputers in the global top 500, IBM has four seats, and among the top 100 supercomputers, IBM also has 46 seats
American supercomputer & lt; Vertex & quot; Once again, China continues to expand its leading position in quantity. According to the list, there are 228 supercomputers on the list in China, ranking the first in terms of the number of supercomputers, an increase of 9 compared with the list released half a year ago. The United States ranked second with 117, followed by Japan, France and Germany
This is the second time that the U.S. Department of energy has decided to spend a huge sum of money to develop the 10 billion supercomputer system. Its first 10 billion supercomputer A21 is currently in the development stage and will be deployed in Argonne National Laboratory and will be put into use in 2021. In April last year, two supercomputers were planned to be deployed in Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Lawrence middot in 2022 and 2023; Livermore National Laboratory to meet the needs of the advanced scientific computing research project of the science office of the Ministry of energy and the advanced simulation and computing project of the national nuclear safety administration However, China has launched the e-level computer R & D program; Tianhe-3 & quot; It's part of the plan. It is reported that the whole plan is divided into two phases. The first phase is to study & lt; Key technologies of E-class computer Three E-class prototypes were developed; The task of the second phase is to develop E-class computeraccording to the news from the National Supercomputing Center in Tianjin, China's self-developed new generation of 10 billion secondary supercomputers & lt; Tianhe-3 & quot; The E-Class prototype has been developed and deployed, and has successfully passed the sub project acceptance. Not only that, & lt; Tianhe-3 & quot; In addition, three kinds of domestic independent high-performance computing and communication chips are used, namely & lt; Maichuang & quot; Multi core processor, high speed interconnection controller and interconnection interface controller. In addition, it includes four types of computing, storage and service nodes, hardware subsystems such as computing processing, high-speed interconnection, parallel storage and service processing, and software subsystems such as system operation, parallel development, application support and integrated management, all of which are independently designed in China
according to the plan, next year, China will build a completely independent & lt; Tianhe-3 & quot; E-class supercomputer, computing power compared with & lt; Tianhe-1 & quot; It can be increased 200 times
Meng Xiangfei, director of application research and Development Department of National Supercomputing Center in Tianjin, said that they will rely on & lt; Tianhe-3 & quot; Build a high-performance computing service platform with deep integration of supercomputing and cloud computing, big data and artificial intelligence, which can be used for a series of super large-scale computing and simulation, such as long-term high-resolution climate and weather forecast, large-scale Aerospace numerical wind tunnel, brain science and genetic engineering
there is no final conclusion whether the way of human thinking is a Turing machine. So it's still hard to pretend to be human with a Turing machine.
1. Airport shuttle bus:
there is an airport shuttle bus at the exit of the airport, which goes directly to Jinan railway station. The ticket price is 20 yuan. It's about an hour<
2. Airport bus:
at the exit of the airport, in addition to the airport bus, there are long-distance bus stations, airlines, ticket sales agencies, tourism companies and other own buses, which can also pick up the city. It's usually about 20 yuan or 25 yuan<
3. Rental:
airport rental is killing people (the same in the whole country). Go downtown and see where you are. Anyway, as long as you enter the Second Ring East Road, it will cost at least 100 yuan. Add more money to it. You have to talk to the driver yourself. High speed is not included. It's about the same time as the airport bus<
4. Bus:
take bus 309 at the airport to "Quanfu Overpass". This is the terminal. It is also the Second Ring East Road of Jinan City. You can transfer to other trains to enter the city. The ticket price is 3 yuan. The time is about 1.5-2 hours.
bus line: airport bus Jinan railway station line, the whole journey is about 38.4km
1. Walk about 700m from Jinan City to Jinan Railway Station Square bus station
2. Take airport bus Jinan railway station line, pass 1 station to Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport Station
3. Walk about 50m to Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport