How to calculate the control force under the prestressed anchor

1.

There are differences between the two in reading mode, application range and the essence of force

The control stress under the anchor: the control stress outside the anchor is corresponding to the oil meter reading of the jack (the control reading of the oil meter is to bring the external tension of the anchor into the equation of roof calibration)

control stress outside the anchor: the control stress under the anchor is the control stress at the beginning of the calculation of the steel strand, that is, the control stress outside the anchor minus the loss of the anchor mouth (generally, the loss of the anchor head is taken as 6%)

Control stress under anchor: the control stress under anchor is the value of control stress outside the anchor minus the loss of anchor mouth at the tension end, which is generally taken as 6% according to the design. Namely: control stress outside anchor = control stress under anchor / (1-6%)

control stress outside anchor: in actual tension, control stress outside anchor should be adopted

The essence of force is the real force acting on the prestressed reinforcement after considering the pipe friction coefficient and deviation

control stress outside anchor: it is the standard to calculate the tension force ring tension, and the stress of prestressed reinforcement with different yield strength is different

extended data

construction design control tension of steel strand prestressed tension refers to the tension of steel strand in front of anchor fixture after prestressed tension. Therefore, in the calculation of the theoretical elongation of the prestressed tension of the steel strand, the distance between the anchor points at both ends of the steel strand should be taken as the calculation length of the steel strand

However, the control tension of the steel strand is controlled at the jack tool anchor ring the prestressing tension, so for the convenience of control and calculation, the distance between the anchor points at both ends of the steel strand and the working length of the steel strand in the tension jack are generally taken as the calculation length of the theoretical elongation of the prestressing tension of the steel strand

ring the prestressing tensioning of steel strand, most of the exposed part of steel strand is wrapped by anchorage and Jack, so the stretching elongation of steel strand can not be directly measured on steel strand, so the stretching elongation of steel strand can only be calculated by measuring the piston stroke of tensioning jack, but the anchor plug retraction in the whole process of steel strand tensioning should also be reced

2.

Control stress x total cross-sectional area of steel strand = tension control force. The relationship between control stress and control force is linear regression, and the condition is within the elastic range, that is, no more than 0.8x1860

both the control stress and the tension force outside the anchor are corresponding to the oil meter reading of the jack (the control reading of the oil meter is to bring the tension force outside the anchor into the equation of roof calibration). The control stress under the anchor is the control stress at the beginning of the calculation of the steel strand, that is, the control stress outside the anchor minus the loss of the anchor mouth (generally, the loss of the anchor head is taken as 6%)

the equation of top calibration is actually the relationship between the force of LKN when the jack is calibrated and the reading of one grid on the dial

In other words, the external control stress of the anchor is the value on the oil pressure gauge divided by the area of the steel bundle, and the control stress under the anchor is the value of the external control stress of the anchor after decting the loss of the anchor head

extended data:

the value of tension control stress is related to the method of prestressing. For the same steel grade, the value of pretensioning method is higher than that of post tensioning method. This is because the pre tensioning method and post tensioning method have different ways to establish prestress. Pretensioning method is to tension the steel bar on the pedestal before pouring concrete, so the tension stress established in the prestressed steel bar is the tension control stress σ con

the post tensioning method is to tension the steel bar on the concrete member. At the same time, the concrete is compressed. The tension control stress indicated by the jack of the tensioning equipment has dected the steel bar stress after the elastic compression of the concrete. For this reason, the design of post tensioned component is very important σ Con value should be lower than pretension method

The determination of

tension control stress value is also related to the steel grade of prestress. As the prestressed concrete is made of high-strength steel bars, its plasticity is poor, so the control stress can not be too high

3.

There are differences between the two in reading mode, application range and the essence of force

The control stress under the anchor: the control stress outside the anchor is corresponding to the oil meter reading of the jack (the control reading of the oil meter is to bring the external tension of the anchor into the equation of roof calibration)

control stress outside the anchor: the control stress under the anchor is the control stress at the beginning of the calculation of the steel strand, that is, the control stress outside the anchor minus the loss of the anchor mouth (generally, the loss of the anchor head is taken as 6%)

Control stress under anchor: the control stress under anchor is the value of control stress outside the anchor minus the loss of anchor mouth at the tension end, which is generally taken as 6% according to the design. Namely: control stress outside anchor = control stress under anchor / (1-6%)

control stress outside anchor: in actual tension, control stress outside anchor should be adopted

The essence of force is the real force acting on the prestressed reinforcement after considering the pipe friction coefficient and deviation

control stress outside anchor: it is the standard to calculate the tension force ring tension, and the stress of prestressed reinforcement with different yield strength is different

{rrrrrrr}

extended data:

classification

(1) according to the use of classification

prestressed steel strand, (power) galvanized steel strand and stainless steel strand, in which the prestressed steel strand coated with anti-corrosion grease or paraffin HDPE is called unbonded steel strand, Prestressed steel strand is also made of galvanized or galvanized aluminum alloy steel wire

(2) steel strand, aluminum clad steel strand and stainless steel strand are classified according to material characteristics

(3) according to the structure classification

according to the number of steel wires, prestressed steel strand can be divided into 7 wires, 2 wires, 3 wires and 19 wires, and the most commonly used structure is 7 wires

the galvanized steel strand and aluminum clad steel strand used for electric power are also divided into 2, 3, 7, 19, 37 and other structures according to the number of steel wires, and the most commonly used structure is 7 wire structure

(4) according to the classification of surface coating layer, it can be divided into (smooth) steel strand, galvanized steel strand, epoxy coated steel strand, aluminum clad steel strand, copper-plated steel strand, plastic clad steel strand, etc

4.

Pp=(P1- e-( kx + μθ)/ kx+ μθ

PP - average tensile force of steel strand (n), P - tensile force at the tensile end of steel strand (n); K - friction coefficient of local deviation per meter of ct length; μ— The friction coefficient between the steel strand and the channel wall; θ— The sum of the included angles (RAD) from the tension end to the tangent of the ct part of the calculation section curve; X-length of channel from tension end to calculation section< br />

5. The element on R9 370 4G graphics card that is easy to touch is chip resistor or chip capacitor. Just look at the label on the circuit board to know what kind of element is falling off. Repair welding can be a, experienced master can complete without circuit diagram
if you can't understand the circuit diagram, you can't repair it yourself.

6. This notebook uses the wireless network card and Bluetooth shared switch. Press the wireless switch marked on the top right corner of the keyboard. After the switch is turned on, the indicator light will be off, and the system will automatically identify and enable Bluetooth. If the switch has been turned on but Bluetooth can't be used ~ 1. First check whether the computer provides Bluetooth hardware device. 9470m is the general name of HP commercial model series. If there is a Bluetooth device, you need to check and confirm it according to the serial number. You can send the serial number to [email protected] If you confirm that you have a Bluetooth device, but you can't use it, Open the running option through Win + R key combination, enter devmgmt.msc and press enter to open the "device manager" of the system to check whether there is a Bluetooth device. If there is such a device, download and install the Bluetooth driver used in the current system again

so how do you know if the notebook supports Bluetooth

in fact, the method is very simple. The simplest method is to check the notebook proct manual, or search the specific brand and model of the notebook on the Internet, and then check the parameters. Another simpler method is to enter the computer device manager to check whether there is a Bluetooth device, as shown in the figure below is the Lenovo notebook that I am using, From the device manager, you can see that there is a Bluetooth mole, and the driver is installed normally

after confirming that the notebook has Bluetooth function, where is the Bluetooth of the notebook? How to open it? The method is also very simple. If you are a user of win8 / win8.1 or above system, you can quickly find the Bluetooth setting entry with the help of the search function of the system. The specific methods are as follows:

1. On the traditional desktop, use Win + s combination shortcut key to call up the location search box, and then enter "Bluetooth" to quickly find the setting entry, We can click "Bluetooth settings" to enter the settings interface, as shown in the figure below:

2. After entering the Bluetooth settings, we can see the Bluetooth switch settings interface. We can choose to turn on or off the Bluetooth function. If you need to use notebook Bluetooth, you can turn it on, if not, you can choose to turn it off, as shown in the figure below

if your computer is installed with win7 or XP system, how can you find Bluetooth and open it? The method is also very simple. The following methods are general and suitable for win8 and win8.1. The details are as follows

enter the "control panel" of the computer - & gt“ Then find your current device (that is, your computer name) and right-click to select "Bluetooth settings". In the settings, we can also set Bluetooth, as shown in the following figure:

after entering the settings, we can check other devices to find the Bluetooth device of this computer, In addition, you can also check "display Bluetooth icon in the notification area". After setting this, you can find the "Bluetooth" setting icon in the taskbar in the lower right corner of the desktop in the later stage, which is convenient for you to quickly find the settings in the later stage
at this point, I believe you all know where to set Bluetooth in notebook, where to set it, and how to open it. The above method is suitable for all Windows systems above XP / win7 / win8.

7. --------[overview] --- --- --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Inspiron m5010 (AMD 760g / 780g / 780v / 785g / 790gx / 880g / 890gx)
memory 2 GB (South Asia Eason DDR3 1333mhz)
main hard disk WDC wd3200bevt-75a23t0 (320 GB / 5400 RPM)
graphics card ATI mobility radon HD 550V (1 GB / Dell)
display group innovation optoelectronics inl000a (15.3 inches)
display Optical drive Philips Jianxing DVD + - RW ds-8a5sh DVD recorder
sound card IDT Simate stac 92xx @ ATI IXP SB600 / sb700 / sb800 high fidelity audio
network card Ruiyu rtl8102e / 8103e family PCI-E Fast Ethernet NIC / Dell

- --- [motherboard]------------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------

motherboard model Dell Inspiron m5010
chipset AMD 760g / 780g / 780v / 785g / 790gx / 880g / 890gx
serial number. 214t9n1. Cn701660ak01vw.
onboard device ATI m96-lp / video device (enabled)
BIOS Dell Inc. A07
manufacturing date 09 / 09 / 2010
< B R / > - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - N
proction process 45 nm
socket s1g4
first level data cache 64 kb, 2-way, 64 byte lines
first level code cache 64 kb, 2-way, 64 byte lines
second level cache 2 x 512 KB, 16 way, 64 byte lines
feature MMX +, 3DNOW! +, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4A, HTT, X86-64

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -, Total 32 hours and 40 minutes
firmware 01.01a01
interface SATA II
data transfer rate 300 MB / s
features S.M.A.R.T, APM, 48 bit LBA, NCQ

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - TS
mole voltage: SSTL 1.5V

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - BIOS version br35980.015
BIOS date 07 / 07 / 10
driver version 8.731.0.0
driver date 4-27-2010

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Annual
screen size 15.3 inches (34 cm x 19 cm)
display ratio 16:9
resolution 1366 x 768 32 bit true color
maximum resolution 1366 x 768
gamma 2.20

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Procts Philips Jianxing DVD + - RW ds-8a5sh DVD recorder
cache / firmware: 1536 KB / xd12

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manufacturer Dell

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ID 2540 sanyodell 4yrjh09

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