EOS decentralized operating system
There are four different definitions of EOS, specifically as follows:
1, EOS: electronic and electrical
electrical over stress (EOS) is a common cause of damage to components, which is manifested by overpressure or over-current to proce a lot of heat, so that the internal temperature of components is too high to damage components (commonly known as burn out), It is a common way to damage electronic devices caused by pulse in electrical system
Embedded operating system (EOS) refers to the operating system used for embedded system. Embedded operating system is a kind of widely used system software, which usually includes hardware related underlying driver software, system kernel, device driver interface, communication protocol, graphical interface, standardized browser and so onembedded operating system is responsible for the allocation of all software and hardware resources, task scheling, control and coordination of concurrent activities. It must reflect the characteristics of the system in which it is located and be able to achieve the functions required by the system by loading and unloading some moles
(3) EOS: Ethernet based on SDHPOS (packet over SDH) and EOS are two different ways to implement IP services in SDH network. POS technology appeared earlier, EOS appeared later, and some technical evolution has been made
The main difference betweenand POS is that the Ethernet frame is encapsulated first, then mapped to the VC (virtual container) of SDH / SONET, and then the information is processed according to the cross mapping system of SDH
4, EOS: blockchain
EOS can be understood as enterprise operation system, which is a blockchain operating system designed for commercial distributed applications. EOS is a new blockchain architecture, which aims to extend the performance of distributed applications. Note that it is not a currency like bitcoin and Ethereum, but a token based on the EOS software project, known as blockchain 3.0
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the characteristics of block chain (EOS)
1. EOS is a bit similar to Microsoft's windows platform. By creating a developer friendly underlying platform of block chain, it supports multiple applications to run at the same time and provides the underlying template for the development of DAPP
EOS solves the problems of delay and data throughput by means of parallel chain and dpos. EOS can process thousands of data per second, while bitcoin has about 7 transactions per second, and Ethereum has 30-40 transactions per second There is no service charge for EOS, and the general audience is more extensive. The network and computing resources needed to develop DAPP on EOS are allocated according to the proportion of EOS owned by developers. When you have EOS, it is equivalent to having computer resources. With the development of DAPP, you can lease your EOS to others. From this point alone, EOS has a wide range of valueEOS can be understood as enterprise operation system, which is a blockchain operating system designed for commercial distributed applications. EOS is a new blockchain architecture, which aims to extend the performance of distributed applications
blockchain originated from bitcoin. On November 1, 2008, a person who called himself Satoshi Nakamoto published the article "bitcoin: a peer-to-peer e-cash system", which elaborated the architecture concept of e-cash system based on P2P network technology, encryption technology, timestamp technology, blockchain technology, etc., marking the birth of bitcoin
extended data
the main features of EOS are as follows:
1, decentralization. Blockchain technology does not rely on additional third-party management institutions or hardware facilities, and there is no central control. In addition to the self-contained blockchain itself, each node realizes information self verification, transmission and management through distributed accounting and storage. Decentralization is the most prominent and essential feature of blockchain
2. Openness. Blockchain technology is based on open source. In addition to the private information of all parties involved in the transaction is encrypted, the data of blockchain is open to everyone. Anyone can query blockchain data and develop related applications through the open interface, so the information of the whole system is highly transparent
3. Independence. Based on consensus specifications and Protocols (similar to various mathematical algorithms such as hash algorithm used by bitcoin), the whole blockchain system does not rely on other third parties, and all nodes can automatically and safely verify and exchange data in the system without any human intervention
source: Network - EOS
EOS is a public chain system at the bottom of blockchain developed by block. One, which is specially designed to support decentralized application of Commerce, and its code is open source
bitcoin is called blockchain 1.0 because it opens up the world of digital cryptocurrency and takes a decisive step from 0 to 1
Ethereum is known as blockchain 2.0, because it provides Turing complete virtual machine that can run smart contracts, bringing unlimited possibilities
and EOS is called blockchain 3.0, why? Two words: performance
The positioning of EOS is the slogan of its home page:English: the most powerful infrastructure for decentralized applications
Chinese: the most powerful decentralized application infrastructure
EOS expects to be an enhanced version of Ethereum, a high-throughput intelligent contract platform
although Ethereum has complete functions, it is limited by its design choice. Due to the block output speed of 15 seconds, the transaction throughput is far from large-scale practical level, which is only about 30 ~ 40tps (transaction / s). EOS, on the other hand, has chosen a different technology route, with the goal of achieving a considerable million TPS, which is quite attractive considering visa's actual processing speed of 1700tps
consensus mechanism of EOS
the reason why the throughput of bitcoin and Ethereum is so low is that they are constrained by the application scenario they envision and the consensus mechanism they choose for the scenario - both of them assume that the environment in which the system runs is totally untrustworthy, so they both adopt the consensus mechanism of proof of work
consensus, as the name suggests, is to reach a unified understanding of something - for blockchain, something refers to the confirmation of the transaction - any node to submit a transaction needs everyone's approval
the pow mechanism currently adopted by bitcoin and Ethereum is the design of the legendary Nakamoto Tsung. Under this mechanism, in order to obtain the bookkeeping right and digital currency reward, miners need to constantly dig for the compliant hash value, and confirm and package the transaction data through the consensus of hash value. POW has no access threshold, and any node has equal rights to participate in bookkeeping. Of course, the probability of winning is related to computing power:
the price of ram is based on Bancor algorithm, that is, it is regulated by market supply and demand: if the supply of ram exceeds the demand, more EOS certificates are needed to buy ram, At this time, more EOS certificates can be obtained by selling ram
memory is a consuming resource, which cannot be redeemed and can only be bought and sold. Take the issue of currency on EOS as an example. At present, the issue of currency requires 20m of memory. An EOS can buy 20KB. According to the current storage price, issuing a currency will consume 1000 EOS. This is the source of EOS memory consumption
Course Overview
this course is for friends who are interested in the development of EOS decentralized application. The course covers the core concepts of EOS DAPP development, the development and deployment of smart contracts, and how the front page interacts with EOS blockchain. Finally, a complete DAPP development based on react and EOS is completed
Chapter 1: enter the world of EOS
to understand the core concepts of EOS, such as positioning and characteristics, consensus mechanism, payment computing model, etc
Chapter 2: Hi EOS
understand the overall framework of EOS node software and the functions of node server, wallet server and command-line tools, learn how to configure and start EOS node server and wallet server, and preliminarily understand the use of command-line tools
Chapter 3: wallet, key and account
understand the three core concepts related to personal identity in EOS: wallet, key and account, and learn how to use command-line tools to create wallet, key and account
Chapter 4: development and interaction of smart contracts
understand the concept and function of smart contracts, learn how to write and compile EOS smart contracts, and learn how to deploy and interact with contracts using command-line tools
understand the persistence mechanism of state in EOS smart contract, and learn to use multi index table to save contract state
Chapter 5: issue your own tokens
learn the principle and implementation mechanism of issuing tokens on EOS, and master how to use command-line tools to issue, transfer and view the balance of tokens through practical operation
Chapter 6: use code to interact with smart contract
understand the principle of interaction between application and EOS blockchain, and learn to use JSON RPC interface and eosjs encapsulation library to access EOS blockchain
Chapter 7: DAPP development of practical notes
comprehensively use EOS knowledge, use react to complete a decentralized application of EOS notes, and learn the complete process from requirement analysis to code implementation
The above course address is as follows: EOS tutorialin order to ensure decentralization and security, current public chain projects such as bitcoin and Ethereum have certain limitations in block scalability. Although the introction of Ethereum's smart contract has greatly enriched the application of blockchain, it also reces the threshold of issuing coins, making Ethereum's network very congested. Many existing public chains have the problems of slow network transfer speed, high cost, low concurrency or poor stability, which can not support the operation of real large-scale commercial applications
according to the white paper of EOS, EOS adopts the graphene block chain architecture, and the bft-dpos consensus mechanism reces the number of verification nodes, but makes the scalability of EOS significantly enhanced, and can support fast transaction processing speed. At present, bitcoin system can transfer about 7 times per second, while Ethereum can transfer 15 times per second; In contrast, EOS's white paper says it is expected to reach a million level TPS in the future
in addition, EOS provides a good development environment for users and developers. The transaction on EOS network does not need to charge service charge, which improves the user experience and makes it easier to attract users; EOS provides developers with a friendly underlying mole, which can support a variety of programming languages and rece the difficulty of DAPP development. Developers can focus more on the function implementation of the developed application.
bitcoin was born to realize a point-to-point cryptocurrency system, while Ethereum realized Turing's complete virtual machine on this basis, making the blockchain a computing platform, and EOS is a computing system by nature. The smart contract on EOS is similar to various programs on our computers. Even the EOS token itself is a contract
generally, we use some kind of cryptocurrency and need an address. When collecting money, others just need to transfer money to this address. However, there is no concept of address in EOS. If users want to use the EOS blockchain, they must create an account on the EOS chain to use it
the creation of this account is actually a contract transaction, which requires an account that can be used to create. This is also a factor that has a high threshold for the use of EOS blockchain, because at the beginning of the launch of EOS, there were few accounts available, and there were no tools (such as wallet) for users to create accounts
moreover, creating an EOS account consumes ram. According to the soaring price of ram, it takes several EOS to create an EOS account, which is also very expensive.
Provides the user to the file operation command. Provides a mechanism for users to share files. The storage medium for managing files. Provide access control mechanism of files to ensure the security of files and file system. Provides backup and recovery functions for files and file systems. Provides encryption and decryption functions for files
(1) At the terminal of the retail store, the barcode reader is used to obtain the barcode of the commodity to be purchased, and the ordering information is input on the terminal, which is transmitted to the wholesaler's computer through the modem through the telephone line
(2) the wholesaler issues a delivery voucher, issues a picking list according to the voucher, implements picking, and then delivers the goods according to the delivery voucher
(3) the information on the delivery voucher becomes the information of the accounts payable of the retail store and the accounts receivable of the wholesaler, and is received into the accounts receivable system
(4) after the retailers inspect the delivered goods, they can display them for sale
when using EOS, we should pay attention to the standardization of ordering business, which is the prerequisite for the effective use of EOS system: the design of commodity code, which generally adopts the national standard, is the basic condition for the application of EOS system; The making and updating of the order catalogue account book, the design and application of the order catalogue account book are the important guarantee for the success of the EOS system; The addition of computer and order information input and output terminal equipment is the basic condition for the application of EOS system; In the process of application, it is necessary to formulate the Application Manual of EOS system and coordinate the business activities between departments and enterprises
features
tailorability. Support open and scalable architecture. Strong real-time. EOS has strong real-time performance and can be used in various equipment control. It is easy to operate, simple, and provides friendly GUI and GUI. It is easy to learn and use. Provide powerful network functions, support TCP / IP protocol and other protocols, provide TCP / UDP / IP / PPP protocol support and unified MAC access layer interface, and reserve interfaces for various mobile computing devices. Strong stability and weak interaction. Once the embedded system starts to run, it does not need too much user intervention, which means EOS, which is responsible for system management, has strong stability. Generally, the user interface of embedded operating system does not provide operation commands, it provides services to user programs through system call commands. Solidify the code. In embedded system, embedded operating system and application software are solidified in ROM of embedded system computer. Better hardware adaptability, that is, good portability.