Decentralization movement

Publish: 2021-05-17 00:52:31

1. Parents' first EQ class, the baby's cognition of the surrounding is self-learning ability, but parents' planned interaction is the best ecation at this time
please describe all kinds of emotions and emotions of the baby itself and other people in the environment with words
start from simple: happy, sad, afraid, calm, angry
then further understand the advanced emotions accurately: sadness, fear, friendly
finally, to some higher emotions: embarrassment, withdrawal, Anger, etc.
remember not to think that children are born with a lot of knowledge. The baby can judge and analyze self-learning either from family ecation or from TV and other social ecation
distraction is the best intervention method
children aged 2-3 have incomplete cognitive system, and the best way is to divert their attention when their emotions are out of control. Use other more attractive things to save the child from the boring and noisy mood
remember: don't be angry with your child, and reason with your child, it's all the performance of parents with low EQ
how to & quot; Egocentrism & quot; It is the main task of the baby at this stage
(tapping the blackboard, which is the source of future EQ)
let the child know & quot; You & quot& quot; I & quot& quot; He & quot; There are also differences between & quot; Your & quot& quot; My & quot& quot; His & quot; The difference
can start with sharing:
for example, a beautiful little sister came to the family, and the baby was very happy, and took a small apple to give to her sister.
many parents may immediately criticize their children for doing wrong or even for being selfish in the face of this situation
it's only after decades of life that I have accumulated my right and wrong ideas. How can I ask a two or three-year-old child to have the same right and wrong ideas as myself
what can we do
baby: if someone gives you an apple, do you want a big one or a small one
he replied without thinking: big
Yes, you see, you want to get a big one. Do you think Miss would like to receive a big one or a small one
he thought about it and replied, "big one
are you happy if someone gives you a little apple
the baby thinks: not happy
do you think little sister will be happy to receive the apple you gave him
the baby shakes his head thoughtfully: unhappy
do you want your little sister to be happy or unhappy
baby: I hope my little sister is happy
do you think you should give the teacher a big apple or a small one
baby: Big Apple
when I have similar conflicts, please describe the thoughts, feelings and expectations of people from different positions and angles as comprehensively as possible, so that the baby can realize that different people will have different thoughts, feelings and expectations from an early age
this kind of & quot; Decentralization & quot; Thinking training will be the foundation of EQ in the future

2. Self centeredness is an important concept in Piaget's cognitive development psychology. He believes that there is a qualitative difference between the thinking of young children and alts, children can not distinguish their own and other people's views, do not know the existence of other people's views, can only see things from their own point of view, things are what he saw, there can be no other views. Egocentrism is e to the lack of cognitive decentralization. Piaget believes that there is a process of decentralization in children's development. The development of sensorimotor stage is a process of graal decentralization from an extreme egocentric state. The three forms of egocentric sensory motor stage (from birth to 2 years old) do not distinguish between the object and the self, live in a universe without object, and have no self-consciousness. ① In the pre operation stage (2-7 years old), children can't distinguish their own and others' views, and can't distinguish between subjective and objective. ② Specific operation stage (7-11) decentralized formal operation stage (11-12 years old) children focus on their future ideals. Only after a long period of decentralization can they understand the objective reality and the collective requirements for them and become more realistic. ③ On Piaget's stages of cognitive development on the stages of self-consciousness in Piaget's psychology for children and China's great network Encyclopedia. Piaget's "pre operation stage" (3-7 years old) of children's thinking development is from 3 years old to adolescence. It is an important stage for junior high school students to develop their self-consciousness, a critical period for them to form world outlook and values, and a preparation period for them to create various conditions for the society. The period of subjectivization, from adolescence to althood, belongs to the period of self-consciousness maturity and psychological self. A self-centered person means that his mind is completely occupied by self-consciousness, and he is used to taking "I" as the center of attention, so that other people, things and things are difficult to arouse his interest and divert his attention. They tend to focus too much on their own needs and interests and cannot adopt different opinions. All the relationships between him and his surroundings are based on the interests of "me", and he absolutely can't accept the information that is inconsistent with his understanding. Self consciousness refers to the subject's consciousness of himself, which is a form of consciousness. It includes the consciousness activities of the relationship between man and himself, himself and others, nature and society in the process of practice. Self evaluation, self experience and self-control constitute the basic form of self-consciousness. In self

3. From the age of 5 to 6, "social interaction leads to a graally structured or socialized process", egocentric language is on the verge of disappearing, symbolic games are developing towards organized and regular games, and children begin to understand the objective relationship between objects and establish cooperative relationships among people, In the aspect of moral emotion, it graally develops towards mutual respect and reciprocity< According to Piaget, there is a process of centralization in children's development: (1) the development of sensorimotor stage is a process of graal decentralization from the initial state of extreme egocentrism. When a baby is born, it doesn't distinguish between things and me. It lives in a universe without objects and has no self-consciousness. After that, he became differentiated from the outside world and realized that he was among many permanent objects and people 2) In the pre operation stage, children use language to form representation and communicate with others, resulting in a second form of egocentrism. Children can't distinguish their own views from those of others. They can't distinguish between subjective and objective views. Egocentrism is the main feature of this stage. In the view of the world, children show several primitive thought patterns: they project their own characteristics on the external objects, and think that wind, river, cloud and sun have life and intention; When you see all kinds of things made by your parents, you think that lakes, mountains, trees and lights are all man-made; In his opinion, what is real must have objective reality. He believes that dreams come from outside 3) When it comes to the specific operation stage, the ability of decentralization is developed. Children recognize other people's views and can reconcile their own views with those of others, but not all of them are objective. In fact, some alts are still egocentric in their way of thinking 4) In the stage of formal operation, there is a third form of egocentrism. Only after a long period of decentralization can children realize the objective reality and the requirements of the collective and become more realistic.

4. One of the characteristics of media theory is the wide ambiguity of various views. On the relationship between media and society, one of the focuses of the debate is the theoretical debate between "media centric" and "social centric", First, the view of "media center" lays particular stress on the field of media activities. It holds that the mass media, influenced by the irresistible driving force of the development of communication technology, has formed an independent force beyond the law of social movement. Mass communication has its own mode of operation and logic, highlighting the autonomy and influence of the media“ The view of "social center" regards the mass media as the reflection of political and economic forces, and holds that the media, just like its original intention, is only the carrier of information transmission. Therefore, the media theory is only a special application of the larger social theory. Second, the "media center" theory holds that the mass media has the ability to "acculturate" and "cultivate" the society, And regard the mass media as the main instigator of social change“ The theory of "social center" holds that media is always under the influence of social forces. It belongs to society and bears special responsibility for society. It is not difficult to see that the differences between theories are irreconcilable e to different footholds

5. The decentralization of blockchain refers to the form of social relations and content generation formed in the process of blockchain development. It is a new network content proction process relative to "centralization"
blockchain is an important concept of bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated by using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of bitcoin network transaction information, which is used to verify the effectiveness of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block
blockchain is unified in the whole network, so it is logically centralized. From the perspective of architecture, blockchain is based on peer-to-peer network, so it is decentralized. From the perspective of governance, blockchain makes it difficult for a few people to control the whole system through consensus algorithm, so it is decentralized.

6. The biggest jadeite processing shop I know is Nalan jadeite city

7. After reading several ASUS H61 virtual 64 bit posts, it seems that they all say that they need to upgrade biosw. I'm Xiao. I hope I can send a detailed tutorial about upgrading BIOS to Xiao for us to understand

coins issued in New China can be roughly divided into coins for general circulation; Metal commemorative coins for circulation and precious metal commemorative coins for collection
among them, precious metal commemorative coins, commonly known as gold and silver coins, are expensive and rarely issued. Considering politics, economy and foreign exchange earning, the state mainly pays attention to developing the international market in terms of sales. At the same time, it also begins to cultivate, base on the domestic market and popularize in large areas all over the country. The "ty" of coins is to act as a circulation intermediary. However, with the needs of collection and investment, some coins for other purposes were derived. Although there are different classification standards for coins. However, according to the needs of collection, classification according to the purpose of issue should be the most essential and basic method, which can be divided into:
currency in circulation
this is the original meaning of coins, and the purpose of issue is to "circulate". Sovereign issuers put on the market at face value and circulate at face value in exchange. Currency is made of ordinary metal or precious metal; The circulation is not limited, generally large; The issuing years can be discontinuous or continuous; Coins of the same denomination and design have different dates of issue. According to its actual use, it can be divided into two kinds of circulating currency: "out of circulation" and "in circulation"
1. The main currency and subsidiary currency in circulation, yuan (Great Wall, peony, chrysanthemum) is the main currency of RMB; In circulation, only dimes and cents are called "secondary currency" of RMB
2. Collection of currency. The original intention of circulation currency is "Circulation" rather than "collection". However, the circulation currency can be collected, and the collection of circulation currency is still the main body for the coin collectors
of course, the collection price of circulating currency is usually higher or even much higher than its circulation price. Therefore, the best way to collect this kind of currency is to collect it in circulation, that is, to make it beautiful in daily circulation. The smaller denominations are "saved". That is to say, circulation price replaces collection price. However, this method is limited by country, face value and age, so it is difficult to integrate
collection coins
the purpose of collection coins issuance is not to serve "Circulation", but to serve "collection", which is usually sold by sovereign issuers at a price higher or much higher than the face value. It doesn't act as the general equivalent in commodity exchange, but it can circulate in the market as collectibles (commodities). For example, in 1984, the issue price of panda silver coin with a face value of 10 yuan was not 10 yuan, but more than 100 yuan. The face value of 10 yuan only means that it is "currency" rather than "chapter". It will never be used as a 10 yuan currency
collection coins are usually made of precious metal or ordinary metal. They must be issued in limited quantity (from a few to millions), and the circulation should be announced. Generally, there is only one specific issue year for the collection currency, which can not be issued continuously
therefore, although coin collection is one of the coins, it only circulates in a limited circle. It has never been used, seen or even heard of by the general public
commemorative coin and collector's coin: for a long time, the term commemorative coin is very popular and seems to be synonymous with collector's coin. In fact, there is a difference between them. Commemorative coin is a kind of coin specially issued by sovereign issuers (the United States needs to be approved by Congress) to commemorate someone, something or something. Its purpose is to give full play to its propaganda function with the help of the "mass media" of coins. However, commemorative coins can be either in circulation or in collection. As far as its purpose is concerned, circulating currency seems to have more publicity advantages. For example, in the United States in 1976, the quarter dollar commemorative coin for the 200th anniversary of the independence of the United States is exactly the same as the regular quarter dollar coin in actual circulation. For example, it can be used for making pay phone calls. However, the issue price of the commemorative coin collected by US $1 / 2 of the 1994 World Cup football match is US $11.50, which can only be seen in the hands of coin dealers and collectors. The general American public does not understand and can not see this coin. It is true that most of the collected coins in the world today are commemorative coins, but the connotation of collected coins is broader than commemorative coins. It should include: commemorative coins, Chinese Zodiac coins, scenery coins and various theme coins (such as the protection of rare wild animals). It seems that it is difficult to apply the concept of "Commemoration" to all kinds of theme coins, but there is no doubt that they are Collectible coins, that is, they are sold by sovereign issuers at a price higher than the face value. They are generally made and refined from precious or ordinary metals. They are issued in limited quantities and the circulation is announced. Generally, each coin has only a specific issuing year
as the profit of the issuing institutions collecting commemorative coins is much higher than that of the circulating commemorative coins, the issuing of commemorative coins in the world (especially in some small and medium-sized countries) has become "indiscriminate". Indivial countries issue nearly 100 kinds of commemorative coins in a year. Its characteristics are that most of the coins are made of precious metals, a large number of refined coins are issued, and the total circulation is small. Even some events that have nothing to do with the country are listed as the contents of the national Commemorative Coins (such as the commemorative coins issued by Liberia for the return of Hong Kong and Macao to China). These coins are basically not sold in the issuing countries, but are mped purposefully to specific areas to obtain huge profits, or even collude with inside and outside to share profits. This phenomenon has been increasingly recognized by the general public and collectors, and has been criticized. Obviously, if most commemorative coins become commemorative coins for collection, its function of "publicity and ecation" will be greatly reced, but only "commemorative" among collectors
as for the circulating commemorative coins that should have been circulating, in fact, a large number of "precipitation", not circulating, or even speculating at high prices, should be regarded as abnormal special circumstances (such as the various circulating commemorative coins newly issued in China). To some extent, this phenomenon reflects the responsibility and problems of sovereign issuers in circulation control and collection market management< In a word, commemorative coins are only part of the collection. In order to give full play to the propaganda and ecation role of coins in circulation, we should issue more circulation commemorative coins and less collection commemorative coins. In order to meet the needs of the vast number of collectors, we should expand the issue of all kinds of coins except commemorative coins. It is suggested that we should be familiar with the name of the coin graally and distinguish the coin from the commemorative coin
in the actual operation process, the circulation coins are also consciously turned into collection coins. This is that the mint packaged the non circulating and circulating coins proced by the mint as mint sets, or proced refined sets for collectors. Foreign countries often call it non-negotiable legal currency. As for the coin dealers selling their own non circulating (or circulating) coins in various packages, it should not fall into this category
investment currency
the purpose of issuing investment currency is neither "Circulation" nor "collection" in the usual sense, but to maintain and increase the value. Investment currency is a "coin" shaped ingot made of precious metals (silver, gold, platinum and palladium) with high fineness (generally more than 99.9%) and fixed weight (such as 1 / 4 ounces, 1 / 2 ounces and 1 ounces)
although investment coins are also issued by sovereign issuers, they often have no face value or the face value is symbolic (denoted as "coins" recognized by sovereign issuers). The circulation and issuing date are not important. The market pattern is relatively fixed and easy to identify (such as Canadian Maple Leaf silver coin and South African Kruger antelope gold coin). What matters is the quality of precious metals and the weight of coins
the price of investment currency mainly fluctuates according to the change of precious metal price, which is generally the weight of gold or pure silver, plus 3% - 10% surcharge
therefore, investment currency is just a precious metal in the shape of "currency", which is convenient for preservation and transaction (compared with gold ingot, gold bar, gold necklace and gold ring), and can maintain and increase the value. This kind of coin should be translated into Ding coin according to its essence, but it is not popular; Because of its high quality, it should be called "pure" gold and silver coins, but it seems cumbersome to add one more word "pure". If it is abbreviated as gold and silver coins, it is easy to be confused with gold and silver commemorative coins. Therefore, it is suggested that "precious metal investment currency" is still the best choice. In fact, most coin collectors are not involved in this field
to distinguish currency in circulation from currency in collection
the accurate original information should be the announcement (or explanation) issued by sovereign issuers. Many countries (regions) also regularly publish collections of coins (mainly commemorative coins) atlas. However, it is not clearly distinguished in the general catalogue (manual). The following criteria can be used for reference
1. Material. Most of the coins are precious metals. In the world, there was no gold coin in circulation after the first World War, and no silver coin in circulation after the Second World War
2. Generally, there is only one specific issuing year for the collected coins, and there are different issuing years for groups of collected coins (such as Chinese Zodiac coins, wildlife protection coins and Olympic Games coins). The currency with the same denomination and the same pattern is often issued for many years
3. Circulation. Those with a total issuance of less than 10000 pieces (0.01 million pieces) will not enter the circulation field. But it may also be collectibles with a circulation of one million
4. Appearance grade. The refined grade is collection coin
5. Transaction price. In the transaction price, only the non circulation level and the refined level are generally the collection currency. There is an extremely beautiful level in the transaction price. The elegant class and the lower class are mainly currency. However, there may be some extremely beautiful coins, because the grade of the coins is reced in the process of trading. In the transaction price, only the non circulating currency may also be the circulating currency, because the currency has just been issued, the circulation time is very short, and the transaction price of the extremely beautiful or beautiful grade has not yet been formed
in a word, the difference between collection currency and circulation currency must be judged comprehensively, and there are often exceptions

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Decentralization movement

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