Blockchain policy
Chinese Mahjong: the world's earliest blockchain project
first of all, a initiates an application. I want to play mahjong and set up a mahjong Bureau, which is equivalent to creating a block, and this block will be broadcast to B, C, D, a, B, C, C, C, C, C, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D D...
in the process of playing mahjong, the above four people constantly play cards, which can be understood as mining, through what to mine? Mahjong machine can understand the mineralization machine. These four miners are the so-called miners. These four miners collide from 144 mahjong, and any right card can be Hu card. We can understand the 144 mahjong as a series of hash values (numbers). The process of Hu card is called computational power. Until Hu card, it means that the right hash value is collided and you can get a reward, Each person will pay the corresponding chips to C and put them in the blockchain. The reward is bitcoin or other virtual coins
Why do the other three people take the initiative to reward C? That's because these people have automatically reached a consensus that C has indeed won, and everyone has recorded the account, including the family members who are sitting next to buy horses. It's not good to deny it, otherwise when it comes out that the character is not good, no one will play with him again. After all, the circle is very important
when we reached a consensus, we didn't see any intermediary or third party judging that C had won, and the rewards given to C didn't need to be transferred to C through the third party. All of them were direct point-to-point transactions. This process was decentralization. The card players (miners) recorded their own achievements in the first game, and the third team won the first game, After the record is completed, a complete block is generated. But remember, this is only the first round. In the whole blockchain, this is just a node. The first eight rounds are finished, that is, eight nodes (blocks). Eight blocks are connected together to form a complete account book, which is the blockchain. Because everyone has one account book, it is a distributed account book. The purpose is to prevent someone from tampering with records. In the end, it is clear who wins or loses.
on April 9, 2017, Hangzhou municipal government and a company jointly set up a $10 billion xiongan global blockchain innovation fund, which can promote the development of blockchain projects. This initiative has also attracted the attention of many relevant financial people. At present, Hangzhou blockchain Instrial Park is one of the important initiatives funded and developed by the municipal government, I believe this case has also become one of the representative cases in China. Since then, more and more blockchains have developed all over the country<
at present, China has a new understanding of digital currency, analyzing the value of digital currency in essence, and relevant departments are also actively participating in the corresponding research. The central bank has set up a special research group and digital currency Research Institute, hoping to further explore the digitalization of sovereign currency. From the side, it can be seen that China has a positive attitude towards blockchain technology, and the Chinese government has repeatedly stressed the important role of blockchain technology in reshaping the global financial pattern
with the development of global economy, the Chinese government has realized the commercial development of domestic blockchain projects. From the blockchain projects invested by Hangzhou municipal government, it can be seen that more and more provinces will start to carry out blockchain projects in the future, which can promote the development of local economy
is blockchain legal in China? At present, the Chinese government is actively studying blockchain, and has carried out blockchain related projects in some provinces. Through the above introction, I believe that people should have a certain understanding of the blockchain. I believe that in the near future, there will be more and more blockchain projects, which can promote the development of domestic economy and enable more and more people to get more wealth from blockchain projects.
as an international financial center, it will not oppose any currency, even the virtual cryptocurrency
this feature also occurs in Hong Kong, the United States, Japan and other areas with relatively open finance. The more open the finance is, the more tolerant the virtual currency is.
the blockchain instry is on the eve of the application outbreak
as a kind of underlying technology, with the support of policy direction, blockchain is attracting more and more exploration of application landing. At the recent 2019 future business ecological link conference, Zhu Youping, deputy secretary of the general Party branch of China economic network management center of the state information center, pointed out that after 11 years of trial and error, the technology of blockchain has basically been commercially available, and the instry is now on the eve of application explosion
Wu Xiaochuan, a senior expert in Zhongan technology's blockchain development, told the 21st century business reporter that the biggest difficulty in the current blockchain landing instry is how to map the physical world and the blockchain world one by one, which needs multi-disciplinary joint efforts to solve. Internet of things technology is an important part of it. With the blessing of 5g, cloud computing and other technologies, it will bring more complement and support to the implementation and application of blockchain technology in the futureaccording to the prediction of tractica, the analysis organization, the global enterprise blockchain market will reach US $20.3 billion by 2025
key node of technology and standard promotion
compared with other underlying technologies, blockchain has also experienced a relatively tortuous development process, and there is still a way to go in terms of integration with multiple technologies and setting of its own standards
Zhang Xiaojun, head of Huawei's blockchain, pointed out in his speech at the conference that today's blockchain technology is more like the development stage of the Internet from 2002 to 2003. If the relevant standards of blockchain can be mature in 2020, including cross chain standards, storage standards and standard data format storage, large-scale commercial use will be accelerated in 2021
China's blockchain instry is still in its infancy, but with the continuous support of national policies, the continuous progress of instry technology and the increasing demand of downstream applications, China's blockchain instry is expected to continue to maintain high-speed growth. In 2011, the market scale of China's blockchain instry was less than 6 million yuan. By 2018, the market scale of China's blockchain instry has grown to 67 million yuan, maintaining a rapid growth rate of more than 80%. It is estimated that in 2022, driven by policy support and downstream demand, the market scale of China's blockchain instry is expected to exceed 450 million yuan
market size statistics and growth forecast of China's blockchain instry from 2015 to 2022 Zhu Youping pointed out to the reporter of the 21st century economic report that with the technical blessing of 5g and even future quantum computing, these weaknesses will be quickly made up
for more data sources and analysis, please refer to the in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of China's blockchain instry published by foresight Instry Research Institute. Meanwhile, foresight Instry Research Institute also provides instrial big data, instrial planning, instrial declaration, instrial park planning, instrial investment promotion and other solutions
the inclusion of the "blockchain" key projects in the "14th five year plan" national key R & D plan is not only the implementation of the policy documents of national ministries and commissions, but also the need to speed up the blockchain technology and instrial layout, which is of great significance for the subsequent development of blockchain in China. At the same time, national ministries and commissions and provinces and cities have also formulated and issued relevant policies to support the development of "blockchain", attracting blockchain professionals in an all-round way, promoting blockchain technology research, speeding up the layout of blockchain instry, and bringing blockchain technology and instrial development into the fast lane
since 2014, easysaver has been deeply engaged in the research and development of underlying technology and application innovation of blockchain. Based on the electronic data preservation of blockchain, easysaver has launched a number of brands such as Junzi signature in the field of blockchain electronic signing, micro right in the field of blockchain intellectual property protection, and zhongzhengbao in the field of blockchain Internet justice. In the future, easy security will continue to deepen the research and development of the bottom layer of the blockchain, promote the breakthrough of the core technology of the blockchain, optimize the application of the blockchain in various instries, help more enterprises quickly complete the transformation and upgrading through "blockchain +", and release new momentum for the development of the digital economy.
bus line: Metro Line 2, the whole journey is about 3.4 km
1. Walk about 10 meters from Beijing station to Beijing station
2. Take Metro Line 2, pass through 2 stations to Qianmen station
3. Walk about 720 meters to the National Museum of China
This year, bitcoin's information is very popular. First, it has attracted people's attention e to the huge increase since this year. Then, the price has plummeted e to the change of management attitude in some countries. Finally, it ends with closing the trading platform. It is reported that Dongfang and other places have also restricted the trading of bitcoin
Is bitcoin and other digital currencies valuable? Of course, there are, of course, no, because the value of anything can only be shown in its own society, which is the soil and foundation. Therefore, its value depends on the monetary attribute of a society. If a country's currency is only for providing credit and serving the people's life, it has value. If a country's currency, like the Korean won, serves the three generals' own throne, its value is zero. Because it can't function as the Korean won or even hurt the Korean won, its value must be zero. There is not much reason to say. For example, the capital of some countries flows freely, which is suitable for the survival of bitcoin. You can transfer your bitcoin to any country in the world; However, the capital of some countries is regulated, which conflicts with the transnational flow of bitcoin and determines its fate The change of rules has changed the fate of bitcoin, and it will also change the fate of the "middle class""middle class" is an imported word, but many people feel that if they don't use a few foreign words, it seems that they are not good enough. So, what is the basis of this word? The foundation is that the society has a credit foundation. After the glorious revolution, Britain established a series of social systems, including improving the parliamentary system, the bill of rights, the gold standard system, and so on. With these social foundations, private property is effectively protected, and the middle class is born, because your property will always be yours. Before that, Britain was in a monarchy society. The king had the right to collect private property, and also had the right to transfer private property to the monarchy by means of increasing taxes and devaluing the currency. Private property could not be protected. At this time, there was no so-called "middle class", because after the property was collected, there were only poor farmers. Just like in the early days of the founding of the Qing Dynasty, if you lived in Zhili area with hundreds of acres of fertile land and married a wife, it was probably equivalent to "middle class". However, the horses of the children of the Eight Banners ran by, and the land and even the wife (if beautiful) belonged to others. Therefore, you were originally a pseudo middle class, or never a middle class
if there are no rules and credit basis in a society, we should not say "property"
I have been saying that this is a turning point in society, and it is particularly important to change one's thinking. The value of intangible assets far exceeds that of tangible assets. If we want to live well in the future, we must construct our own rights, especially monopoly rights. In fact, any society is the same. The rich in Europe and America are just the result of constructing their own rights. The more successful they are, the higher their status will be. In today's turning era, rules will change all the time. After the rules change, tangible property has no ability to protect itself. Only intangible property can protect itself. Many people think that they have several houses, that is, the rich or the middle class. Not to mention the core cities, because the situation of these cities is very complicated. We can only say that there are many third - and fourth tier cities with continuous net population outflow in Northeast, northwest, North China, southwest and other places. It seems that several houses are worth 1.8 million or even millions, but the change of rules can make them lose their value instantly. It's not as good as a professional technician with relatively high skills. The watershed is a piece of paper, that is, prohibition. In such a city, it's hard to rent out. In the future, it may have to be taxed. After it can't be sold, we can only consider the use of functions. We can plan like this: the wife lives in one place, the children live in one place, and then they live in one place. It's very suitable for complete separationisn't that the meaning of "middle class" in this situation? Fate depends on that piece of paper. If there is no labor skills, it is estimated that it is difficult to live
this is the time to change our thinking. This is a good time, because when we can trade, the house still has a high value. The high value does not lie in the colorful banknotes. After several years, these banknotes can completely lose their purchasing power, but in the fact that these banknotes can help build their own rights at that time. Once the conversion can not be completed in time, when the paper comes out, it is likely to become a burden. As for how to build their own rights, it can be said that every tunnel has their own tricks, including improving or upgrading their knowledge and skills, building more perfect barriers to their business, entering key jobs, and so on
where there are no perfect rules, if you think you have some assets, you should call yourself a middle class, which is wrong. You should call yourself a pseudo middle class, and turn yourself into intangible assets when you can confuse the real with the fake. This is the real real property class, otherwise, the pseudo middle class may end up without property. If you think about the fate of bitcoin, you will be relieved
Abstract: developed countries and technology companies have been ahead in the research and application of blockchain technology. From the perspective of patent application, there may be a gap of about one and a half years between China and the United States in terms of blockchain technology. Based on the above situation, how can China achieve "asymmetric" catch-up? First of all, we should see the situation clearly, seize the opportunity and meet the challenge. Secondly, after understanding the necessity of building the bottom layer of the blockchain for the existing business and future development of the financial instry, a consensus of "China's financial blockchain alliance" was reached among financial enterprises. Finally, we should work together to meet the change
how to understand blockchain
bitcoin: a peer-to-peer e-cash system. In 2009, after the paper was published, bitcoin was born as a virtual currency in the digital world of the Internet. At present, bitcoin's total market value is about US $6.5 billion. Although its market value is constantly changing, it is still the largest virtual currency in the world
another important concept is blockchain. Blockchain is an underlying technology of bitcoin, and bitcoin is only an application of blockchain. As we all know, bitcoin can achieve point-to-point value transmission. In addition to bitcoin blockchain, there are many other blockchains, such as Ethereum blockchain. Therefore, we should distinguish the concepts of bitcoin, bitcoin blockchain, blockchain and blockchain technology
at present, there are several misunderstandings about blockchain. Blockchain can be described in English as "decentralized blockchain", in which decentralized is translated as "decentralized". However, I think that the blockchain has realized the value dissemination without intermediary, that is, the point-to-point value dissemination. This does not mean that after entering the era of blockchain, there is no need for the center, but it should develop from a single centralization to the parallel between centers. Then, the existing center is likely to become a sub center or weak center. At present, all banks have their own data centers. If the financial blockchain alliance is established in the future, they can become the nodes in the blockchain alliance, so the blockchain does not need a center<
blockchain does not need credit
we often see some articles that think that blockchain is to "de credit". In fact, blockchain is to build trust through consensus algorithm and ensure the correctness of transactions through consensus among nodes. Build trust with low cost through mathematics and algorithm, rather than "de credit". However, the digital asset transaction between people does not need two people to know each other, or trust each other, and does not need a third-party credit institution. It only needs everyone to trust the trusted network of blockchain
why is it credible? Because it is a distributed database, there is a set of consensus based mechanism: a set of encryption algorithm, making it tamperable. On the one hand, the public key makes the information transparent and traceable; On the other hand, private key can protect privacy
blockchain is not a mature technology, nor is it omnipotent. At present, blockchain technology is still in the early stage of development. At the beginning of this year, we sent a delegation to study in the blockchain Research Laboratory of Barclays in South Africa. At the seminar, experts on the African blockchain of Barclays believed that it would take at least five to ten years for the blockchain technology to become a truly mature technology. At present, blockchain has the disadvantages of relatively slow computing speed and small storage space, and not all data processing needs to use blockchain
the research and application of blockchain in foreign countries
we find that the old financial developed countries have been ahead in the research of blockchain technology. The British government believes that it is very important for the government to participate in the legislation of digital currency and blockchain network, and encourages in-depth research on blockchain technology. The UK government is actively evaluating the potential of blockchain technology and considering using it to rece financial fraud and cost. In addition, the UK government plans to develop applications that can be used between the government and public institutions
in February this year, the European Commission put crypto digital currency at the top of the fast development target area, which promoted the policy research of various institutions on digital currency. Technology companies are also ahead in the research of blockchain technology
IBM launched the "open ledger project" to develop enterprise level blockchain software structure, promote the commercial use of blockchain technology, and support the docking of external data through the bluemix and API infrastructure of IBM cloud computing platform. IBM still has a lot of practice in blockchain technology. Recently, it and a South Korean company have made creative experiments using blockchain technology and Internet of things, and achieved some results
Microsoft uses Azure Platform to provide users with "blockchain as a service", which enables R3 and its bank members to speed up the process of experiment and learning, and accelerate the development, testing and deployment of distributed accounts
Intel also released sawtoothlake, an efficient molar platform for building, deploying and running distributed ledger; At the same time, Intel also studies to create a trusted execution environment for hardware chips of blockchain applications, providing higher security and privacy< At the same time, Wall Street is taking positive actions. Although it was established relatively late, the core function of R3 is to formulate instry standards for the development of banking blockchain technology, explore practical uses, and establish banking blockchain alliance
from what we know, in addition to these two new companies catering to the arrival of digital finance era, large financial institutions are studying blockchain technology and building their own blockchain concept and technical team
at present, there are practical application cases of blockchain technology
in Canada, blockchain start-up blockchain Tech Ltd has been listed on the growth enterprise market of Toronto Stock Exchange; The Estonian government will launch the government's blockchain healthcare record
domestic attention and Research on blockchain technology
blockchain is an optional technology. Prior to that, the people's Bank of China also held a seminar on digital currency. In addition to the central bank, Zhejiang Province, Beijing and other relevant departments also expressed their support for blockchain application research last year
from the perspective of enterprises, Bubi blockchain has been applied to equity, supply chain, points and other fields, and is concting experiments and application tests with exchanges and banks. Bubi blockchain focuses on the innovation of blockchain technology and procts, has a number of core technologies, and has developed its own blockchain service platform. Moreover, many blockchain innovation and entrepreneurship enterprises continue to emerge
in addition, a number of instry alliances are being established. In terms of financial institutions, the cases of blockchain application by large banks and financial institutions in China still need to be solved
by the end of 2015, Bank of America had obtained 15 patents on blockchain. There may be a gap of about a year and a half between China and the United States in blockchain technology
the application of blockchain finance is entering a new stage in an all-round way, various applications will be more and more in-depth, and the relevant changes will be more and more attention, and a great new trend will be formed.