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Blockchain tracking transaction
Publish: 2021-05-28 22:52:10
1.
first, define the
blockchain as an open network ledger. It originated from bitcoin and is the underlying technology of bitcoin. In bitcoin transactions, all the information of transaction records will be packaged into a "block" for storage. With the expansion of information exchange, one block links with another, forming a blockchain
Second, the digital currency represented by bitcoin is a point-to-point e-cash system. Among them, every transaction will broadcast to all participants in the network, and it will be recorded in the account book after repeated confirmation, which is called "blockchain". Each participant will have his own account book. In this way, when false information occurs, it can be broken through mutual verification, so as to ensure network securityin the blockchain, every node is equal, and there is no centralized management organization. This "decentralized" feature makes the blockchain do not need to rely on a third party, its operation does not need any human intervention, and it can independently conct self verification. In addition, the network of blockchain is open to the world, and anyone can query data through the public port, so the whole system is highly transparent
In a word, blockchain is a reliable database and a reliable "account book". In the future, it will be applied in cross-border payment, securities, loans, voting, etc. For example, in cross-border payment, with the security of blockchain, you can remit money to the world anytime and anywhere, which saves a lot of intermediate links and high fees2.
1. Jinrong China Financial Instry Co., Ltd.
this is a digital currency trading platform in Hong Kong. At the beginning of trading, it developed on the principle of safeguarding the rights and interests of customers. Similarly, in order to expand trading customers, the company launched the privilege of opening accounts free of charge, and gave customers some concessions in some festivals, This is an important reason why the enterprise takes the first place in the domestic formal blockchain platform
2. Bitfinex
is a digital currency trading platform in Hong Kong, China. It is one of the largest cryptocurrency exchanges in the world. It occupies an important position in the world's cryptocurrency trading and circulation. It also provides the world's most liquid registration policy and plays an important role in the world's trading operations, At present, it occupies the second place in the domestic regular blockchain platform
3. Fire coin network
this is an earlier digital currency trading platform in China, mainly trading bitcoin. As the third instry of domestic regular blockchain platform, it is the trading platform with the largest bitcoin trading volume in China. Many new digital asset trading platforms have been developed under the company, For the future development of the foundation
This is a digital currency trading platform jointly established by some digital currency enthusiasts, and its founder is Zhao CHANGPENG. In fact, this trading platform didn't attract much attention at the beginning. With the continuous operation of the company and the founder's understanding of digital currency, this enterprise has become the top four domestic regular blockchain platforms, which shows the power of this platform This is one of the most popular digital asset trading platforms in the world. There are many kinds of digital currencies for trading, and their main functions are cash out and derivative trading. They are well-known in the world's exchanges3. The blockchain can find the transaction direction and address, but you can't confirm who the address belongs to, which means that it is an anonymous and non lost item. Moreover, bitcoin transaction is irreversible, so it can't be recovered after being stolen
4. The development of blockchain financial trading platform includes:
cross border payment, supply chain finance, insurance, digital bill, asset securitization, bank credit reference and other fields
① cross border payment. Due to the characteristics of disintermediation of blockchain, openness, transparency and non tampering of transactions, no third-party payment institutions join in, which shortens the payment cycle, reces costs and increases the transparency of transactions< (2) digital bill. Blockchain has the characteristics of disintermediation, system stability, consensus mechanism and tamper proof, which can rece the operational risk, market risk and moral risk in the traditional centralized system< (3) credit management. In the field of credit investigation, blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, distrust, timestamp, asymmetric encryption and smart contract, which ensures that limited and controllable credit data sharing and verification can be realized on the basis of effective protection of data privacy< (4) asset securitization. The characteristics of blockchain disintermediation, consensus mechanism and non tampering can increase the efficiency of data flow, rece costs, monitor the real situation of assets in real time, and ensure the trust of all parties in the transaction chain on the underlying assets< (5) supply chain finance. Due to the characteristics of disintermediation, consensus mechanism and non tampering of blockchain, it does not need a third-party credit enhancement agency to verify the authenticity of various relevant vouchers on the supply chain, so as to rece the financing cost and financing cycle< (6) insurance business. With the development of blockchain technology, personal health status, accident records and other information may be uploaded to the blockchain in the future, so that insurance companies can obtain risk information more timely and accurately when customers take out insurance, so as to rece underwriting costs and improve efficiency. The sharing transparency of blockchain reces the information asymmetry and the risk of adverse selection; The characteristics of its history can be traced, which is concive to recing the moral hazard, thus recing the difficulty and cost of insurance management.
cross border payment, supply chain finance, insurance, digital bill, asset securitization, bank credit reference and other fields
① cross border payment. Due to the characteristics of disintermediation of blockchain, openness, transparency and non tampering of transactions, no third-party payment institutions join in, which shortens the payment cycle, reces costs and increases the transparency of transactions< (2) digital bill. Blockchain has the characteristics of disintermediation, system stability, consensus mechanism and tamper proof, which can rece the operational risk, market risk and moral risk in the traditional centralized system< (3) credit management. In the field of credit investigation, blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, distrust, timestamp, asymmetric encryption and smart contract, which ensures that limited and controllable credit data sharing and verification can be realized on the basis of effective protection of data privacy< (4) asset securitization. The characteristics of blockchain disintermediation, consensus mechanism and non tampering can increase the efficiency of data flow, rece costs, monitor the real situation of assets in real time, and ensure the trust of all parties in the transaction chain on the underlying assets< (5) supply chain finance. Due to the characteristics of disintermediation, consensus mechanism and non tampering of blockchain, it does not need a third-party credit enhancement agency to verify the authenticity of various relevant vouchers on the supply chain, so as to rece the financing cost and financing cycle< (6) insurance business. With the development of blockchain technology, personal health status, accident records and other information may be uploaded to the blockchain in the future, so that insurance companies can obtain risk information more timely and accurately when customers take out insurance, so as to rece underwriting costs and improve efficiency. The sharing transparency of blockchain reces the information asymmetry and the risk of adverse selection; The characteristics of its history can be traced, which is concive to recing the moral hazard, thus recing the difficulty and cost of insurance management.
5. The number of global blockchains of coinyee is
word asset transaction. Registered in Singapore, the global financial center, to provide bitcoin, lightcoin, Ethereum, bitcoin cash and other high-quality blockchain digital transactions for
global users.
word asset transaction. Registered in Singapore, the global financial center, to provide bitcoin, lightcoin, Ethereum, bitcoin cash and other high-quality blockchain digital transactions for
global users.
6. Coin Xiaobao is professional and has comprehensive information, including currency, price and ranking. I've been browsing this platform all the time. I'm used to it and I'm proficient. It's not bad.
7. With the approaching of the end of the year, indivial stocks with annual report expectations begin to get the attention of the market, and as an important part of the annual report market, high transfer potential stocks have begun to show the dawn of power step by step
historically, there has always been a long-standing problem in the high transfer market. For example, Nachuan shares, Cixing shares, and Zhongke hechen shares, which implemented the high transfer ring the mid-term report of 2012, all suffered from "death in sight" after the profit distribution plan was launched. Therefore, investors should pay attention to the high transfer potential stocks as soon as possible, especially in the current market downturn, Can be involved in bargain hunting, central line layout< The first stage is the guessing period, in which the market lists the potential stocks and carries out the speculation in turn; The second stage is the cash period. For the stocks that appeared in the first plan, the capital is often a lot of speculation, but the continuity of the market is generally not long; The third stage is the right filling period after the implementation of the scheme, but in the A-share market, the possibility of the high transfer shares to fill in the right is lower than that of the pasted right. Therefore, the first stage is the period of high transfer concept stocks with the most excess returns. Due to the fact that the market has just begun to pay attention to the high transfer theme, and the market is relatively weak, the stock prices of related stocks have not yet been fully started, so it should be a good time to lay out the high transfer theme stocks
the theme of high transfer can be analyzed in detail from the following five aspects: the extent of performance exceeding the expectation, the latest performance, the concentration of institutional holdings, the effect of large and small market, and the previous trend:
1. The larger the extent of annual performance exceeding the expectation, the higher the excess return may be< (2) the stocks with the latest EPS growth on the base date are more likely to obtain higher excess returns when the annual performance exceeds the expected< (3) the stocks that lose the market in the 60 trading days before the base date are more likely to get higher excess returns after the annual performance exceeds the expectation< (4) the stocks with a lower proportion of institutional holdings (30% or less) in the latest period from the base date are more likely to obtain higher excess returns after the annual performance exceeds the expected< (5) small cap stocks with less than 500 million freely circulating shares are more likely to obtain higher excess returns when their annual performance exceeds expectations. After the combination of the above five screening criteria, the optimal screening criteria for the stocks whose annual report performance exceeds the expectation are "small cap stocks with the latest institutional shareholding ratio of 30% or less and the annual report performance exceeding the expectation of more than 50%
although there are different listed companies that launch high transfer scheme every year, investors can still find stocks with high transfer potential from some financial data. Generally speaking, the listed companies that can implement high transfer have the characteristics of small share capital, accumulation fund per share, high undistributed profit per share and large performance increase. According to the analysis of the market situation in 2012, the listed companies with a total share capital of less than 500 million shares, net assets per share of more than 3 yuan in the first three quarters, provident fund of more than 2 yuan, undistributed profit per share of no less than 1 yuan, performance growth of no less than 30% in 2012 and no profit distribution ring the latest interim report are most likely to launch a high transfer scheme ring the disclosure of 2012 annual report. Combined with the information disclosed in the third quarterly report of 2012 and the notice of 2012 annual report, 110 listed companies such as Jiuzhou electric (300040) are expected to become high transfer stars ring the 2012 annual report period
the hype on the theme of high transfer has always been the traditional reserved program of the annual report. Under the background of the poor market in 2012 and the difficulty for investors to make profits through the trading spread, high transfer may be more attractive to investors, especially the introction of the differential dividend tax policy is expected to promote more investors to establish the concept of value investment, It is expected that high transfer, especially high dividend concept stocks, will become one of the main concerns of the market at the end of the year and the beginning of the year< According to the statistics of tonghuashun data Department, there are 18 listed companies in line with high delivery in 2012 annual report, which are: Xinjiang Haoyuan, Shouhang energy saving, kanudi Road, Zhongke Jincai, Xin motor, Keming flour, Dongjiang environmental protection, Jiajia food, Longquan stock, Tengxin food, Gongda electroacoustic, xuedilong, Anzhong stock Huanghai machinery, Baiyang Co., Ltd., maoshuo power, Mengshi technology, Changliang technology Figure)
Shanghai Shikai development (600748), BaoTi (600456), Xinjiang Haoyuan (002700), Shandong mining machinery (002526) and other stocks maintained relative strength. With the late rebound of the market index, they successively entered the trading limit list of indivial stocks. One of the common characteristics of these four stocks is that they have the potential of high transfer
investors are more likely to obtain excess return before the announcement of the plan, and the excess return is not very stable after the announcement of the plan, so Nuggets high delivery stock needs to be arranged in advance. In addition to identifying potential stocks through financial indicators, investors should also pay attention to whether the relevant stocks have feedback www.southmoney.com In the tradition of investors, many "iron roosters" in the A-share market have the ability to pay dividends on financial data, but they are unwilling to implement profit distribution. In order to rece the share price and transaction difficulty, secondary new stocks with higher share price often have the willingness to split the share price through high transfer
the essence of equity transfer is the internal structural adjustment of shareholders' equity, which will not bring direct income to investors. At the same time, e to the expansion of share capital, the conversion of capital reserve into share capital and bonus share will dilute the earnings per share. Therefore, cash dividend is "real money" for investors, and high dividend stock has stronger participation value. In addition, the performance is the key to support the stock price of listed companies, and high transfer can only play a role of "icing on the cake" on the stock price
1. The annual report is the first to appear on the stock market or has explosive power
ring the annual reports of A-share over the years, the stock prices of the first companies to disclose the annual report will be severely speculated. For example, Shenzhen high and small board listed companies essence Pharmaceutical (002349) pulled out the first annual report in 2010, essence pharmaceuticals in from January 4 to 5, 2011, continuous trading for two consecutive days. During the 2012 annual report period, Yingkou Port (600317) and St instrial took the lead in publishing the annual report. After the scheled disclosure date, both shares rose sharply. In addition, Xingmin steel ring (002355), which was first disclosed in the small and medium-sized board, rose continuously before December 30, 2011, and there were two trading boards again after new year's day
according to the rules of pre disclosure schele of annual report of Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange, it should be released on the evening of December 31, 2012, and the release of Shenzhen stock exchange can be earlier than that of Shanghai Stock Exchange. The pre disclosure schele of Shenzhen Stock Exchange was announced ring the day of the third quarter of 2012, which had enough event impact on indivial stocks in trading, so on December 31, 2012, Radical investors can focus on the whole day< As of December 19, 934 companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges have issued their annual performance forecasts for 2012, and the annual performance forecasts of 64 companies have doubled that of last year. For example, the performance of Huaxing Chemical (002018), Shuangjian Co., Ltd. (002381), conch profile (000619), Hengdian dongci (002056), Baotong belt instry (300031), Xuji Electric (000400), Guanghui energy (600256) and other companies will be greatly improved compared with the same period last year
it is a necessary part of the annual report market that the performance of stocks increased significantly in advance. The stocks whose performance forecast exceeds the expectation will cause the market to be hot. From some stocks with substantial growth in performance, we can ambush related varieties in the same instry. For example, this year's performance in the electrical equipment instry is likely to soar. Xuji Electric recently predicted that the maximum performance change this year will reach 120%, and Pinggao electric (600312) in the same instry is certainly good. There are also small and medium market value of real estate stocks will also appear some performance surge stocks
3. There must be a good play to watch with high delivery and transfer
the concept of high delivery and transfer is bound to be sought after by the market ring the disclosure period of this year's annual report. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the stocks transferred from the annual report in the past three years, the probability of the stocks that have been highly transferred in the mid-term report of 2012 and those that have been implemented before is seriously reced ring the annual report of 2012. Therefore, most of the new stocks listed in 2012 and those that have not been transferred are more likely to be transferred ring the annual report
according to statistics, a total of 18 shares meet the conditions of high delivery, which are: Xinjiang Haoyuan (002700), Shouhang energy saving (002665), kanudi Road (002656), Zhongke Jincai (002657), Xin electric machinery (002664), Keming flour instry (002661), Dongjiang environmental protection (002672), Jiajia food (002650), Longquan stock (002671), Tengxin food (002702), Zhongke Jincai (002657), Xin electric machinery (002664), and Zhongke Jincai (002676) Gongda electroacoustic (002655), xuedilong (002658), Anzhong (002667), Huanghai machinery (002680), Baiyang (002696), maoshuo power (002660), Mengshi Technology (002684), Changliang Technology (300348)
it's time to prepare for the high delivery. For example, some varieties of Longquan stock and mengcao drought resistant (300355) have this condition both in terms of stock price and financial reporting conditions, and their performance is OK. If these stocks can release the high delivery plan earlier, the market funds will not lose the opportunity of speculation.
historically, there has always been a long-standing problem in the high transfer market. For example, Nachuan shares, Cixing shares, and Zhongke hechen shares, which implemented the high transfer ring the mid-term report of 2012, all suffered from "death in sight" after the profit distribution plan was launched. Therefore, investors should pay attention to the high transfer potential stocks as soon as possible, especially in the current market downturn, Can be involved in bargain hunting, central line layout< The first stage is the guessing period, in which the market lists the potential stocks and carries out the speculation in turn; The second stage is the cash period. For the stocks that appeared in the first plan, the capital is often a lot of speculation, but the continuity of the market is generally not long; The third stage is the right filling period after the implementation of the scheme, but in the A-share market, the possibility of the high transfer shares to fill in the right is lower than that of the pasted right. Therefore, the first stage is the period of high transfer concept stocks with the most excess returns. Due to the fact that the market has just begun to pay attention to the high transfer theme, and the market is relatively weak, the stock prices of related stocks have not yet been fully started, so it should be a good time to lay out the high transfer theme stocks
the theme of high transfer can be analyzed in detail from the following five aspects: the extent of performance exceeding the expectation, the latest performance, the concentration of institutional holdings, the effect of large and small market, and the previous trend:
1. The larger the extent of annual performance exceeding the expectation, the higher the excess return may be< (2) the stocks with the latest EPS growth on the base date are more likely to obtain higher excess returns when the annual performance exceeds the expected< (3) the stocks that lose the market in the 60 trading days before the base date are more likely to get higher excess returns after the annual performance exceeds the expectation< (4) the stocks with a lower proportion of institutional holdings (30% or less) in the latest period from the base date are more likely to obtain higher excess returns after the annual performance exceeds the expected< (5) small cap stocks with less than 500 million freely circulating shares are more likely to obtain higher excess returns when their annual performance exceeds expectations. After the combination of the above five screening criteria, the optimal screening criteria for the stocks whose annual report performance exceeds the expectation are "small cap stocks with the latest institutional shareholding ratio of 30% or less and the annual report performance exceeding the expectation of more than 50%
although there are different listed companies that launch high transfer scheme every year, investors can still find stocks with high transfer potential from some financial data. Generally speaking, the listed companies that can implement high transfer have the characteristics of small share capital, accumulation fund per share, high undistributed profit per share and large performance increase. According to the analysis of the market situation in 2012, the listed companies with a total share capital of less than 500 million shares, net assets per share of more than 3 yuan in the first three quarters, provident fund of more than 2 yuan, undistributed profit per share of no less than 1 yuan, performance growth of no less than 30% in 2012 and no profit distribution ring the latest interim report are most likely to launch a high transfer scheme ring the disclosure of 2012 annual report. Combined with the information disclosed in the third quarterly report of 2012 and the notice of 2012 annual report, 110 listed companies such as Jiuzhou electric (300040) are expected to become high transfer stars ring the 2012 annual report period
the hype on the theme of high transfer has always been the traditional reserved program of the annual report. Under the background of the poor market in 2012 and the difficulty for investors to make profits through the trading spread, high transfer may be more attractive to investors, especially the introction of the differential dividend tax policy is expected to promote more investors to establish the concept of value investment, It is expected that high transfer, especially high dividend concept stocks, will become one of the main concerns of the market at the end of the year and the beginning of the year< According to the statistics of tonghuashun data Department, there are 18 listed companies in line with high delivery in 2012 annual report, which are: Xinjiang Haoyuan, Shouhang energy saving, kanudi Road, Zhongke Jincai, Xin motor, Keming flour, Dongjiang environmental protection, Jiajia food, Longquan stock, Tengxin food, Gongda electroacoustic, xuedilong, Anzhong stock Huanghai machinery, Baiyang Co., Ltd., maoshuo power, Mengshi technology, Changliang technology Figure)
Shanghai Shikai development (600748), BaoTi (600456), Xinjiang Haoyuan (002700), Shandong mining machinery (002526) and other stocks maintained relative strength. With the late rebound of the market index, they successively entered the trading limit list of indivial stocks. One of the common characteristics of these four stocks is that they have the potential of high transfer
investors are more likely to obtain excess return before the announcement of the plan, and the excess return is not very stable after the announcement of the plan, so Nuggets high delivery stock needs to be arranged in advance. In addition to identifying potential stocks through financial indicators, investors should also pay attention to whether the relevant stocks have feedback www.southmoney.com In the tradition of investors, many "iron roosters" in the A-share market have the ability to pay dividends on financial data, but they are unwilling to implement profit distribution. In order to rece the share price and transaction difficulty, secondary new stocks with higher share price often have the willingness to split the share price through high transfer
the essence of equity transfer is the internal structural adjustment of shareholders' equity, which will not bring direct income to investors. At the same time, e to the expansion of share capital, the conversion of capital reserve into share capital and bonus share will dilute the earnings per share. Therefore, cash dividend is "real money" for investors, and high dividend stock has stronger participation value. In addition, the performance is the key to support the stock price of listed companies, and high transfer can only play a role of "icing on the cake" on the stock price
1. The annual report is the first to appear on the stock market or has explosive power
ring the annual reports of A-share over the years, the stock prices of the first companies to disclose the annual report will be severely speculated. For example, Shenzhen high and small board listed companies essence Pharmaceutical (002349) pulled out the first annual report in 2010, essence pharmaceuticals in from January 4 to 5, 2011, continuous trading for two consecutive days. During the 2012 annual report period, Yingkou Port (600317) and St instrial took the lead in publishing the annual report. After the scheled disclosure date, both shares rose sharply. In addition, Xingmin steel ring (002355), which was first disclosed in the small and medium-sized board, rose continuously before December 30, 2011, and there were two trading boards again after new year's day
according to the rules of pre disclosure schele of annual report of Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange, it should be released on the evening of December 31, 2012, and the release of Shenzhen stock exchange can be earlier than that of Shanghai Stock Exchange. The pre disclosure schele of Shenzhen Stock Exchange was announced ring the day of the third quarter of 2012, which had enough event impact on indivial stocks in trading, so on December 31, 2012, Radical investors can focus on the whole day< As of December 19, 934 companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges have issued their annual performance forecasts for 2012, and the annual performance forecasts of 64 companies have doubled that of last year. For example, the performance of Huaxing Chemical (002018), Shuangjian Co., Ltd. (002381), conch profile (000619), Hengdian dongci (002056), Baotong belt instry (300031), Xuji Electric (000400), Guanghui energy (600256) and other companies will be greatly improved compared with the same period last year
it is a necessary part of the annual report market that the performance of stocks increased significantly in advance. The stocks whose performance forecast exceeds the expectation will cause the market to be hot. From some stocks with substantial growth in performance, we can ambush related varieties in the same instry. For example, this year's performance in the electrical equipment instry is likely to soar. Xuji Electric recently predicted that the maximum performance change this year will reach 120%, and Pinggao electric (600312) in the same instry is certainly good. There are also small and medium market value of real estate stocks will also appear some performance surge stocks
3. There must be a good play to watch with high delivery and transfer
the concept of high delivery and transfer is bound to be sought after by the market ring the disclosure period of this year's annual report. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the stocks transferred from the annual report in the past three years, the probability of the stocks that have been highly transferred in the mid-term report of 2012 and those that have been implemented before is seriously reced ring the annual report of 2012. Therefore, most of the new stocks listed in 2012 and those that have not been transferred are more likely to be transferred ring the annual report
according to statistics, a total of 18 shares meet the conditions of high delivery, which are: Xinjiang Haoyuan (002700), Shouhang energy saving (002665), kanudi Road (002656), Zhongke Jincai (002657), Xin electric machinery (002664), Keming flour instry (002661), Dongjiang environmental protection (002672), Jiajia food (002650), Longquan stock (002671), Tengxin food (002702), Zhongke Jincai (002657), Xin electric machinery (002664), and Zhongke Jincai (002676) Gongda electroacoustic (002655), xuedilong (002658), Anzhong (002667), Huanghai machinery (002680), Baiyang (002696), maoshuo power (002660), Mengshi Technology (002684), Changliang Technology (300348)
it's time to prepare for the high delivery. For example, some varieties of Longquan stock and mengcao drought resistant (300355) have this condition both in terms of stock price and financial reporting conditions, and their performance is OK. If these stocks can release the high delivery plan earlier, the market funds will not lose the opportunity of speculation.
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