Blockchain and poverty alleviation

1. blockchain technology uses mathematical methods to achieve distributed accounting and solve the trust problem, so as to complete the decentralization, which will bring far-reaching influence in many fields such as communication, finance, Internet of things, government management and so on
blockchain refers to the technical solution of collective maintenance of a reliable database through centralization and distrust in the past, and it is a technical way for the whole people to participate in bookkeeping. Previous bookkeeping methods were all centralized and needed centralized intermediary, whether it was traditional government, financial institutions, notarization institutions or emerging e-commerce platform and online payment platform
in economic hypothesis, information is sufficient. In fact, it is precisely because of insufficient information that there are very large intermediaries. The existence of intermediaries increases the transaction cost and raises the transaction threshold. In essence, blockchain technology is a large-scale collaboration tool. It makes direct value transfer possible by using pure technology for the first time, and continues the trend of Internet decentralization and disintermediation. Disintermediated blockchain technology will greatly subvert the information intermediary instry
blockchain technology is the basic technology for building bitcoin data structure and encrypted transmission of transaction information, which realizes the issue and transaction of bitcoin. The core of blockchain technology is that all the current participating nodes jointly maintain the transaction and database, so that the transaction is based on the principle of cryptography rather than trust, so that any agreed parties can directly carry out payment transactions without the participation of a third party
technically, a block is a data structure for recording transactions, reflecting the capital flow of a transaction. In the system, the transaction blocks are connected to form a main chain, and all the nodes participating in the calculation record the main chain or part of the main chain
a block contains the following three parts: transaction information, hash formed by the previous block and random number. Transaction information is the task data carried by the block, including the private keys of both parties, the number of transactions, the digital signature of electronic currency, etc; The hash hash formed by the previous block is used to connect the blocks and realize the sequence of past transactions; Random number is the core of the transaction. All nodes compete to calculate the answer of the random number. The node that gets the answer the fastest generates a new block and broadcasts it to all nodes for updating, so as to complete a transaction.

2. At present, there are four main types of consensus mechanisms: pow, POS, dpos, pool
1. POW workload proof, which is familiar with mining, calculates a random number that meets the rules through and or operation, that is, obtains the bookkeeping right, sends out the data that needs to be recorded in this round, and stores it together with other nodes in the whole network after verification
advantages: complete decentralization, free access of nodes
disadvantages: bitcoin has attracted most of the computing power in the world, and other blockchain applications using POW consensus mechanism are difficult to obtain the same computing power to ensure their own security; Mining causes a lot of waste of resources; The period of reaching consensus is long, which is not suitable for commercial application.

2. Proof of rights and interests of POS, a mechanism of upgrading consensus of pow; According to the token proportion and time of each node; It can rece the difficulty of mining in equal proportion, so as to speed up the speed of finding random numbers< Advantages: to a certain extent, it shortens the time to reach a consensus
disadvantages: mining is still needed, which does not solve the pain point of commercial application in essence

3. Dpos share authorization certification mechanism is similar to the voting of the board of directors, in which the coin holders cast a certain number of nodes to verify and account on their behalf
advantages: greatly rece the number of participating verification and accounting nodes, which can achieve second level consensus verification
disadvantages: the whole consensus mechanism still depends on token, and many commercial applications do not need token to exist

4. Pool verification pool, which is based on traditional distributed consistency technology and data verification mechanism; It is a consensus mechanism widely used in the instry chain at present.
advantages: it can work without token, and realizes second level consensus verification on the basis of mature distributed consistency algorithms (pasox and raft)
disadvantages: the degree of decentralization is not as good as that of bictin; The multi center business model is more suitable for multi-party participation

it has great advantages in using consensus mechanism to ensure data consistency (the consensus mechanism is first proposed by ripple, and the network transaction synchronization mechanism with data correctness priority. In the consensus network, no matter how the software code changes, if you can't reach a consensus, you can't enter the network, let alone fork)
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PS: a little black, although the consensus mechanism can absolutely ensure that there will be no hard bifurcation at any time. However, the disadvantage of this mechanism is obvious, that is, it is much longer than the current bitcoin network to reach a consensus with other nodes. In extreme cases, the consequences of disconnection in ripple consensus mechanism network are also very terrible

it is possible that one day after the power failure in your home, the whole system will no longer be able to reach a consensus with other rippled nodes (in fact, the consensus mechanism requires more than 80% of the nodes to acknowledge your data before your submission will be accepted by other nodes, otherwise it will be rejected by exclusive nodes), Even you can only empty all your 500 GB data and resynchronize to connect to other ripple nodes

so at present, the existing rippled end is not suitable for civil use (if it is commercial, the impact is relatively small. For example, RL's own rippled node is hosted in Amazon cloud data center. If it has no response for a long time, it can make high claims, and there is almost no break in that place except for large disasters). This is one of the aspects RL has always wanted to improve.

3. Voice of the Century Group has cooperated with Jiajin He technology company to complete the development and application of the latest global traceability tracking system for wangbingqian Jingui liquor, wangbingqian Honggui liquor and wangbingqian langui liquor. And on the ant financial services blockchain, it can be tracked and inquired all over the world
the voice of the century is dedicated to building an integrated intelligent packaging and digital marketing service scheme for Wang Bingqian liquor, which comprehensively promotes the proct upgrading and brand upgrading of Wang Bingqian liquor from packaging enabling, traceability data collection on the blockchain, Beidou Positioning origin fidelity, AR digital interactive marketing to new retail building. Enabling the packaging of Wang Bingqian liquor is the basis for its procts to move towards intelligent and digital application. Since then, Wang Bingqian liquor has established a connection mechanism with mobile Internet, Internet of things and cloud big data, and began to enter consumers' smart phones, guiding consumers from the physical world of procts to the virtual world of procts, thus solving the problem of anti-counterfeiting traceability, anti-counterfeiting and anti-counterfeiting Quality tracking, anti fleeing, digital marketing, brand communication, new retail and other needs.

4. If we simplify the description of the operation process of the traditional notarial certificate, it should be like this: the parties apply for notarization - the notary office evaluates the application - confirms the authenticity and legality of the application items - makes, issues and delivers the notarial certificate. The running process of blockchain public certificate is similar. However, the operation mechanism behind the same operation process is not the same. The reason why the public certificate of blockchain is regarded as the Manifesto of the new environment of notarization is that it has made a subversive change to the traditional notarization certificate in the operation mechanism
01, the core operation mechanism of blockchain public certificate
the operation mechanism of blockchain public certificate is composed of two moles: "Notarization management" and "intelligent assistance". After the applicant submits the application, the blockchain notarization system relies on AI technology to audit the identity and information of the applicant. At the same time, the system will review the content of notarial evidence, and then issue a notarial certificate, at the same time on the chain filing. At the same time, the public certificate of blockchain has been formally formed, which immediately meets the online verification needs of users
the core of the operation mechanism of the notarial certificate of the blockchain lies in the application of the blockchain technology. No matter audio, video, photo or document, as long as it is stamped with a time stamp and then put on the chain, it can become an unchangeable and indestructible evidence document
the second important support in the operation mechanism of the notarial certificate of blockchain is the application of artificial intelligence. The application of this technology greatly saves the applicant's application and waiting time, and also greatly improves the speed and accuracy of the notarial office's document confirmation, eliminating the time delay of manual confirmation and possible operational errors<

02, analysis of the characteristics of the operation mechanism of the notarial certificate of blockchain
through the detailed disassembly of the operation mechanism diagram of the notarial certificate of blockchain, it is not difficult to find that compared with the operation mechanism of the traditional notarial certificate, the operation mechanism of the notarial certificate of blockchain has many noteworthy characteristics
the first is synchronization. In the process of generating the public certificate of blockchain, the actions of the applicant and the notary organization are almost synchronous, and the applicant's application and the notary organization's examination, certificate preparation and certificate issuance are almost synchronous. However, in traditional notarization, there is a time interval between the actions of all parties, which is prone to usurpation. Moreover, e to manual operation, a large amount of time cost will be generated, It further causes the delay of the process. The actions of all parties of blockchain notarization are synchronized online, and the action traces and data are generated instantaneously, thus recing the possibility of tampering and ensuring the authenticity and judicial effect of data files
the second is interactivity. In the process of generating the public certificate of blockchain, the actions of the applicant and the notarization institution are interactive - the applicant submits the application, the notarization institution's artificial intelligence audit, the certificate preparation, the certificate issuance, the data archiving, and the applicant's query are carried out alternately. Different from the traditional notarization, the applicant is more in a passive waiting state after submitting the application, which reces the participation of the applicant
dynamic again. In the process of generating the public certificate of blockchain, the evidence file is a dynamic generation process. The process of applying for the notarial certificate is the process of generating the notarial evidence, and this process itself is a part of the notarial certificate. The traditional notarization is that before the notarization, the evidence documents have been basically finalized. What the notary office does is just a process of confirmation and seal, and the dispute prevention function of notarization is weakened

it is precisely because the operation mechanism of the block chain notarial certificate is quite different from that of the traditional notarial certificate, which determines its absolute advantage over the traditional notarial certificate. On the one hand, it meets the people's requirements for efficiency in the digital age; On the other hand, it also strengthens the authenticity and legal validity of notarial documents. Its interactive feature adapts to the Internet era thinking of emphasizing interaction, which makes all parties involved in notarization enter a positive interactive state. Finally, the dynamic nature of the generation of the public certificate of the blockchain greatly gives play to the initiative of the notary organization, rather than passively confirming the existing evidence documents, which can give full play to the original preventive function of the notary.

5. The first batch of key projects will be launched in the 14th five year plan, and the first batch of tasks will be deployed in 2021. The key projects include: energy storage and smart grid technology, blockchain, instrial software, etc. Key projects are the carrier of the organization and implementation of the national key R & D plan, focusing on the major national strategic tasks, taking the goal as the guidance, from the basic frontier, major common key technologies to application demonstration, to carry out the whole chain innovative design and integrated organization and implementation. Among them, the blockchain special project plans to start seven guidance tasks around three technical directions in advance: 1. Basic theory of blockchain; 2. Common key technology of blockchain system construction; 3. Security supervision and governance technology of blockchain. It aims to carry out application demonstration in key fields and create an internationally competitive blockchain technology and instrial ecology
the inclusion of the "blockchain" key projects in the "14th five year plan" national key R & D plan is not only the implementation of the policy documents of national ministries and commissions, but also the need to speed up the blockchain technology and instrial layout, which is of great significance for the subsequent development of blockchain in China. At the same time, national ministries and commissions and provinces and cities have also formulated and issued relevant policies to support the development of "blockchain", attracting blockchain professionals in an all-round way, promoting blockchain technology research, speeding up the layout of blockchain instry, and bringing blockchain technology and instrial development into the fast lane
since 2014, easysaver has been deeply engaged in the research and development of underlying technology and application innovation of blockchain. Based on the electronic data preservation of blockchain, easysaver has launched a number of brands such as Junzi signature in the field of blockchain electronic signing, micro right in the field of blockchain intellectual property protection, and zhongzhengbao in the field of blockchain Internet justice. In the future, easy security will continue to deepen the research and development of the bottom layer of the blockchain, promote the breakthrough of the core technology of the blockchain, optimize the application of the blockchain in various instries, help more enterprises quickly complete the transformation and upgrading through "blockchain +", and release new momentum for the development of the digital economy.

6. The value of blockchain lies in safety, and the value of blockchain agriculture is for food safety, and these data have a very important reference role for the reproction of agricultural procts
with the development of value oriented agriculture, precision agriculture and central agricultural system, this kind of blockchain technology will promote the continuous development of the agricultural instry, and its technology can also bring more jobs
blockchain agriculture has existed for a long time, but some places are not mature enough, especially traceability. However, a dmtc agricultural traceability project was launched this year to fill the gap
in terms of data collection, through the application of artificial intelligence and Internet of things technology, it runs through the whole agricultural ecological chain. During agricultural proction, it automatically records the proction environment data and proction process data of agricultural procts, when agricultural procts are transported, it automatically records the transportation data, and when selling, dmtc terminal connects with intelligent micro supermarket to collect consumer behavior data, Through the popularization of intelligent micro supermarket, terminals are all over the living quarters, collecting rich data for instrial development, and carrying the value transmission and information transmission of agricultural ecological chain more perfectly

7. What is blockchain technology

before discussing how to apply blockchain in daily life, let's talk about what blockchain is and how it works

blockchain is an open distributed database, which is essentially a computer file used to store information (data)

the name of blockchain comes from its structural characteristics: the file is composed of data blocks, and each block is linked to the previous block to form a chain. Each block contains data, such as transaction records and records when the block was edited or created. Information (data) is stamped with time stamp, which is the origin of blockchain

it is crucial that, unlike centralized databases owned by companies or government agencies, blockchain is not controlled by any person or entity, and data is completely copied (distributed) on multiple computers

because it is a decentralized way to store and access data, it becomes extremely secure. Different from the centralized database, the attacker does not have a single entry point, so the data security is more guaranteed<

in addition to the two characteristics of decentralization and security, blockchain has become a leading technology which is different from other technologies:

tamperability: once entering the blockchain, any information can not be changed, even the administrator can not modify this information. It makes blockchain easy to audit

accessible: all nodes in the network can easily access information

no third party: blockchain can help point-to-point transactions, so whether you are trading or exchanging funds, you do not need the approval of a third party. Blockchain itself is a platform

the impact of blockchain technology

first, the open and tamperable nature of blockchain technology makes it possible to decentralize the trust mechanism. It has the potential to change the financial infrastructure. Various financial assets, such as equity, bonds, bills, warehouse receipts and fund shares, can be integrated into the blockchain ledger to become digital assets on the blockchain, which can be stored, transferred and used in the blockchain Deal. It has a broad application prospect in the financial field. For example, it has typical applications in cross-border payment, insurance claims, securities trading, bills, etc

Second, the current Internet of things ecosystem relies on the centralized network management architecture, and all devices are connected through the cloud server. With the expansion of the network scale, the infrastructure and maintenance of centralized cloud servers, large servers and network equipment will occupy a high cost

in the decentralized Internet of things, blockchain is a framework to promote transaction processing and cooperation among interactive devices, and each device on the network can operate as an independent and micro business entity< Third, public service is a factor to promote economic growth and social progress. The supply of public service has an important impact on various subjects, systems, cultures, attitudes and behaviors in the process of political, economic and social development. The traditional notarization relies on the government, and the limited data dimension and the historical data information chain that has not been established often lead to the government and schools unable to obtain complete and effective information. Using blockchain, tamper proof can be established. In the fields of digital rights, intellectual property rights, certificates and public welfare, new authentication mechanisms can be established to improve the management level of public services.