Zhidu develops blockchain Technology

1. blockchain is a kind of technology. "In the simplest and most popular way, blockchain technology is everyone bookkeeping, or distributed ledger."
in the Internet era, there is a database behind every system. This database can be regarded as a large account book. In the past, the person who maintained the system was responsible for managing the database and recording the user's behavior, that is, bookkeeping. However, the blockchain is "decentralized", which allows every member of the system to participate in it, not only everyone bookkeeping, but also through links, Everyone can have a complete account book
"blockchain is essentially a collective recording mode. What's special is that it adopts a set of techniques in an ingenious way to realize the authenticity and credibility of the recorded results, which is difficult to destroy and tamper with. " Zhang Xiaorong said, "first, everyone has the right to record and authenticate with each other to distinguish the true from the false, which is called consensus mechanism; Second, no one can tamper with the records, because there are cryptographic signatures; Third, everyone has a , so even if some account books are damaged, the whole will not be affected. This is called distributed storage. The information recorded in this way is presented in block mode according to the time chain, so it is called blockchain. "
various cryptocurrencies represented by bitcoin are originally an application of blockchain technology, which can be described as blockchain version 1.0. However, around 2014, the instry began to realize the important value of blockchain technology. Blockchain graally separated from digital currency and applied to various economic and social fields other than digital currency
it has broad application prospects
blockchain technology is considered as a disruptive innovation after steam engine, electric power and Internet. If the steam engine and electricity liberate the proctivity, and the Internet has changed the way of information transmission, the blockchain, as a machine for building trust, may change the way of value transmission
for example, in the financial field, the cost of reconciliation, clearing and settlement between financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, has always been very high, and there are complex manual processes. The application of blockchain technology can help rece the cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution between financial institutions, and significantly improve the processing speed and efficiency of payment business, It also makes small cross-border payments possible. In December 2017, China Merchants Bank completed the RMB position transfer business from Hongkong Wing Lung Bank to Shenzhen Branch of Wing Lung Bank. This is the world's first interbank cross-border RMB clearing business based on blockchain technology
in addition, according to the white paper 2016 on China's blockchain technology and application development issued by the Ministry of instry and information technology of China, the application of blockchain has been extended to medical and health, ecation, charity, social management and other fields. Taking the cultural instry as an example, the low cost of reproction, the high cost of safeguarding rights, and the difficulty of providing evidence make the protection of intellectual property rights a pain point for the instry. With blockchain, the proction, dissemination and transaction records of cultural procts are true, transparent and reliable, and the problem can be solved
Zhang Xiaorong said that blockchain technology has solved two major problems in the era of Digital Economy: one is the visible flow direction, and the other is zero trust cost. In the past, the circulation of physical paper money was invisible, but the flow of all digital assets had a "chain" to check. Yang Yanchao, a researcher at the intellectual property center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, also believes that the biggest advantage of blockchain is that it has truly completed the credit construction in an anonymous society, bringing new opportunities to many fields, thus making various innovative applications possible
there is a long way to go in the future development
in terms of technology promotion, there is no big barrier to blockchain, which has been confirmed in the global practice of bitcoin, and its main resistance comes from the obstacles in concept and implementation
"on the one hand, the society may be very concerned about the" naked "state in the blockchain. Blockchain has built a "Skynet" for the commercial society. The company's economic activities are all recorded, so there is no secret to speak of. In this way, some business strategies may not be implemented under the blockchain. "
"on the other hand, the current legal system lags behind the development of information technology, so how to put the emerging blockchain technology under the legal supervision needs to be studied." Duan Yongchao said
the core of blockchain is decentralization, which will have an impact on the long-standing central management model. In addition to the law, how to establish a regulatory environment that can promote the application of blockchain technology, so that the technology can benefit the society and not be used to do evil, is also an urgent problem to be solved.

2. Blockchain instry has great growth potential. Five aspects promote the healthy development of technology. Blockchain basic situation analysis blockchain technology, as a technical solution for collective maintenance of a reliable database in a decentralized way, has the characteristics of decentralization, tamper proof, highly scalable, etc., and is becoming a new technology following big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence Virtual reality and other technologies are another emerging technology that will have a significant impact on the future, which is expected to promote human beings from the era of information internet to the era of value Internet. Some countries and regions in the United States, Japan and the European Union have promoted the development of blockchain as an important national development strategy, and vigorously promoted the research and development and application of blockchain technology. China also attaches great importance to the technological innovation and instrial development of blockchain. With the joint participation of it and other enterprises, a large number of new enterprises, new procts, new models and new applications have emerged. The application of blockchain in the fields of finance, government affairs, energy, medical and other instries has graally expanded, and is becoming an important force to drive the technological proct innovation and instrial transformation of various instries. The development of blockchain can be divided into three stages, namely, blockchain 1.0, represented by bitcoin and related financial infrastructure applications, and blockchain 2.0, represented by smart contract. At present, it is graally moving towards blockchain 3.0, which is based on blockchain technology and more complex in-depth application of smart contract. Statistical analysis of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of the year since 2016, the frequency and amount of investment and financing in China's blockchain field have increased sharply. According to the statistical data of "in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of blockchain instry" released by foresight Instry Research Institute, in the first half of 2018, the amount of financing in the blockchain field was about 10.7 billion, with a year-on-year growth rate of 1426% compared with the same period in 2017; The number of investment and financing events in the field of blockchain has reached 205, and it is expected that the investment in the field of blockchain will usher in another peak this year. Judging from the distribution of investment and financing rounds in China's blockchain field, the investment rounds in the start-up period (before round b) account for more than 95%. There are many instry pioneers participating in the investment together, and most enterprises are still in the race. Statistics and growth of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of 2014-2018 data source: prospective instry research institute collated the statistical analysis of Chinese blockchain enterprises and registered capital. In 2013 and before, there were only 26 blockchain related enterprises registered in China. In 2016, 116 blockchain enterprises were registered, 158 were registered in 2017, and 52 were registered from January to the end of June 2018. In terms of registered capital, there are 26 enterprises in China whose registered capital is less than 1 million yuan, accounting for about 6%; 197 companies have registered capital between 1 million yuan and 9.99 million yuan, accounting for about 46%; There are 171 companies with registered capital between 10 million yuan and 100 million yuan, accounting for about 40%; There are 31 companies with more than 100 million yuan, accounting for about 7%. Statistics on the enterprises and registered capital of China's blockchain enterprises from January to June 2013-2018 data source: prospective instry research institute collates the statistics of China's blockchain enterprises in terms of regions and fields. Among the 425 blockchain enterprises, 385 enterprises are gathered in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Sichuan and Jiangsu, accounting for 90% of the total. Among them, Beijing has the largest number of enterprises, accounting for about 37% of the country. In terms of instry, China's blockchain enterprises are mainly distributed in the fields of finance, bottom public chain, enterprise services, technical solutions, data services, health care, Internet of things, transportation, games, etc. Among them, 91 enterprises are engaged in the financial field, accounting for more than 21%. China's blockchain enterprise field distribution statistics data source: prospective instry research institute collates that China attaches great importance to the development and application of blockchain technology. Driven by multiple forces such as policy, technology and market, the pace of blockchain innovation has been accelerating. It has been deeply integrated with cloud computing, big data, Internet of things and other technologies. The scope of exploration and application has also expanded from digital assets to supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, instrial Internet, social welfare, right protection and other fields. Five aspects to promote the healthy development of blockchain technology, and promote the high-quality development of digital economy. 1. Pay close attention to the international development frontier, jointly promote the research of blockchain related technology and instry, promote the standardization of blockchain development instry behavior, and create a good development environment. 2. Strengthen the construction of blockchain core technology capabilities. Establish and improve the collaborative promotion mechanism among backbone enterprises, universities and research institutions, guide it enterprises to strengthen technical reserves, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies, and improve the performance, efficiency and security of blockchain. 3. Support the development of entrepreneurship and innovation in the field of blockchain, encourage the cross-border integration of blockchain enterprises and user units, guide instry organizations to establish public service platforms, support third-party organizations to carry out blockchain service evaluation and testing, promote the enrichment of instrial applications of blockchain, and serve the transformation and upgrading of entity economy. 4. Actively build and improve the blockchain standard system, accelerate the development and application of key standards, and graally build a perfect standard system. Actively connect with ITU, ISO and other international standards organizations, substantially participate in more international standardization work, and actively contribute more "Chinese power". 5. We will accelerate the improvement of the policy environment for blockchain development, support qualified enterprises to carry out application innovation and mode innovation, and guide and encourage enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes to jointly cultivate professionals needed for blockchain development. Support eligible blockchain enterprises to enjoy the preferential tax policies of the state to support the development of software instry and small and medium-sized enterprises. The instrial scale is small but the growth potential is huge. The blockchain economy is on the eve of the outbreak period. The financial instry is relatively widely used, and the application of other instries has also entered the stage of exploration and development. It is estimated that the direct market value of blockchain will increase from US $410 million to US $7.68 billion between 2017 and 2022

3.

What is the prospect of blockchain technology? The following is just personal experience and opinions, for reference and learning only

I have been in touch with the blockchain instry for many years, and I have my own views and understanding from its ups and downs. I personally think blockchain technology is still very good. The reasons are as follows:

first, blockchain technology as a rookie after the Internet, the Internet is the transmission of information, and blockchain is the exchange of value. The development trend of blockchain is similar to that of Internet

2. After the blockchain has gone through great waves and been widely misunderstood, there are still many blockchain explorers and practitioners in the instry making continuous efforts

Third, with the attention of the country and other countries to the blockchain instry, governments all over the country have set up blockchain development funds to promote the development of the local blockchain instry, so as to occupy the highland of the blockchain instry

Fourth, the Internet of things is the development trend in the future. Facing the growing demand for the ecosystem rights of the Internet of things, the computing power of the central server is severely challenged, and decentralization becomes the key to solve this problem

the above content is only a new point of view, or it needs specific analysis of specific issues. After all, practice is the only standard to test the truth

4.

Blockchain is a new application mode of distributed data storage, which is an important concept of bitcoin. At present, there are 35 stocks associated with the blockchain concept in the A-share market, of which 6 blockchain concept listed companies are traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, and 29 blockchain concept listed companies are traded on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange

according to the correlation of blockchain, the leading stocks of blockchain concept stocks are most likely to be born from Xinchen technology, luyitong and Sifang Jingchuang

Xinchen Technology: on September 29, 2016, the company said in the interaction that the company is now doing research and development of blockchain technology

Lu Yitong: the company plans to raise 67.9691 million shares of additional shares of RMB 24.57 per share, and the total amount of supporting funds will not exceed RMB 1.670 billion, which will be used to pay the cash consideration of this transaction, construct the block chain ASIC chip instrialization project, artificial intelligence ASIC chip R & D center, chip proct marketing and service network, etc

Sifang Jingchuang: on May 31, 2016, the inaugural meeting and the first general meeting of the financial blockchain cooperation alliance (Shenzhen) was officially held in Shenzhen Wuzhou Hotel, and the company was one of the members of the meeting

5.

Because the blockchain technology is not mature at this stage, and the infrastructure is not perfect, many applications are limited, and the overall application is still in a very early stage

First of all, the main function of blockchain is to store information. Any information that needs to be saved can be written to or read from the blockchain, so it is a database. Secondly, anyone can set up a server and join the blockchain network to become a node. In the world of blockchain, there is no central node (decentralization). Every node is equal and keeps the whole database. You can write / read data to any node, because all nodes will be synchronized in the end to ensure the consistency of the blockchain

6.

bitcoin:

is an electronic currency proced by open-source P2P software. Digital currency is a kind of network virtual currency. Bitcoin is also paraphrased as "bitcoin."

bitcoin does not rely on specific currency institutions to issue, it is generated through a large number of calculations of specific algorithms. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction. Since bitcoin was born with an algorithm, it was stipulated from the beginning that all bitcoins in the world would not exceed 21 million bitcoins. Because bitcoin is not regulated by the government, it is not subject to inflation constraints and external control

people use the computing power of CPU and CpG to "mine" to unlock the new bitcoin. To put it figuratively: bitcoin is equivalent to a gold mine created by people using computers. The setting of this gold mine is limited. The upper limit is 21 million bitcoin. People dig out bitcoin one by one just like miners using the principle of CPU computing

the principle of bitcoin, the distributed characteristics of P2P and the design without central management mechanism ensure that no institution can control the value of bitcoin or create inflation. This decentralization makes it a more secure and value preserving "virtual currency"

But in fact, netizens, as well as traders and investors of bitcoin, do not see one of the biggest drawbacks of bitcoin: bitcoin is not unique

What do you mean? We think that bitcoin is the only one with a cap of 21 million, which seems to have the function of preserving value. But the principle of bitcoin algorithm is not only applicable to "bitcoin", a kind of currency from Japan. Every computer engineer can develop the corresponding algorithm, make a man-made gold mine, and control its upper limit. In this way, every country, every region and every person can develop countless algorithms. Then the market will be full of virtual currencies such as "bitcoin a", "bitcoin B", "bitcoin C", "bitcoin D", and so on. By that time, who are you going to invest in? You can create your own currency

this hidden danger is not a dream. In fact, it has already started. You can log on bitcoin's official website in China. You will find that in addition to bitcoin, there is now another kind of thing called "Yuanbao coin". This is an algorithm similar to bitcoin developed by a Chinese development team. It also has the same upper limit. The same people can't control it and dig Yuanbao coin out through "mining"

if they can do this, I believe many computer workers can also write their own "Yuan Bao coin", "gold and silver coin", "China bitcoin" and "Shanghai bitcoin". Bitcoin, as the first code to appear, has no credit support from the Central Bank of any country. It has value only because of the scarcity of 21 million. In fact, this scarcity does not exist, because everyone can develop the virtual currency code, and then people from all over the world can mine it. So what's the price of bitcoin? There are limited kinds of metals on earth, so each metal has different value according to its quantity and scarcity. But the bitcoin like code in the network world is infinite. As long as people are willing, they can create unlimited kinds of bitcoin code. Tell me, is bitcoin still valuable

blockchain Technology:

the main function of blockchain is to store information. Any information that needs to be saved can be written to or read from the blockchain, so it is a database

the essence of blockchain is to achieve the goal of decentralization and disintermediation through a new generation of data technology, so as to transmit value more transparently and efficiently. This kind of point-to-point verification will proce a new network "basic protocol" which is different from TCP / IP in the Internet era

blockchain shows us a world in which all assets will be digitized. In a valuable Internet, the transfer of assets will be as fast, convenient and cheap as the transmission of information today

the significance of blockchain is not the wealth of digital currency, but the value transmission of its technology itself. Therefore, Ma Yun has repeatedly separated blockchain from digital currency, and stressed that the extent to which blockchain technology will change the world is beyond people's imagination

difference:

blockchain is a technology, based on blockchain technology, there can be many applications

bitcoin: is one of the most popular and well-known applications

the content is for reference only, only represents personal views, and does not make any suggestions

7. It can be written on behalf of others, [] [] in the first phase.

8. At present, China is vigorously developing the blockchain technology, accelerating to seize the runway of blockchain, and various places have also issued relevant blockchain policies to support the development of blockchain. In this context, the prospect of blockchain technology is very good. Due to its unique characteristics, blockchain technology can bring a lot of help in many instries, especially now that there are many landing applications, we can feel the changes brought by blockchain. More information about blockchain can be found in mimacaijing.