How to enter blockchain from equity

1.

If you want to understand the application of blockchain, you can refer to many books and opinions, such as illustrated blockchain, blockchain: reshaping the economy and the world, blueprint and guide of new economy, and articles of coin'an community, including a detailed understanding of the platform of coin'an community, with great strength

As the name suggests, blockchain is composed of block and chain. It is a new application mode of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and so on. It is a kind of chain data structure that combines data blocks in order according to the time sequence, and it is a secure and reliable distributed account book that can not be tampered with and forged by means of cryptography

in 2008, in his paper bitcoin: a peer-to-peer e-cash system published by Nakamoto, he first proposed the idea of blockchain and encrypted digital currency. Starting from bitcoin, blockchain has become the underlying technology of various digital currencies

Second, the working principle of blockchain:

1. The basic concepts include: (1) transaction: one operation will change the account status once, such as adding a record 2) Block: records the transaction and status data within a specified time, which is a consensus and preservation of the current account status 3) Chain: it is composed of a series of blocks in chronological order, which is the log record of the whole state change. If you understand the working concept of blockchain, it is not difficult to understand its working principle. Suppose there is a distributed data logbook, which can only be added, not deleted or changed. Its structure is a linear chain formed by a series of "blocks" (which is also the source of the name of "blockchain"), and new data must be put into a new block to be added, The maintenance node can propose a new block, but it must go through a certain consensus mechanism to reach an agreement on the final selected block

2. Take bitcoin as an example to see the working principle of blockchain

the block of bitcoin is divided into block head and block body

Core advantages and characteristics of blockchain

1. The verification, accounting, storage, maintenance and transmission of decentralized blockchain data are all based on distributed system structure. There is no centralized hardware or management organization, and the rights and obligations of any node are equal, The data blocks in the system are jointly maintained by the nodes with maintenance function in the whole system. 2. The open and transparent system is open. In addition to the private information of all parties to the transaction is encrypted, the data of the blockchain is open to all. Anyone can query the blockchain data and develop related applications through the open interface, so the information of the whole system is highly transparent. 3. Security blockchain uses consensus based specifications and Protocols (such as a set of open and transparent algorithms) to enable all nodes in the whole system to exchange data freely and safely in a de trusted environment, so that the trust in "people" is changed into the trust in machines, and any human intervention does not work. 4. Information cannot be tampered with. Once the information is verified and added to the blockchain, it will be stored permanently. Unless more than 51% (almost impossible) nodes in the system can be controlled at the same time, the modification of the database on a single node is invalid. Therefore, the data stability and reliability of the blockchain are extremely high. 5. Anonymity because the exchange between nodes follows a fixed algorithm, and its data interaction does not need trust (the program rules in the blockchain will judge whether the activity is effective or not). Therefore, the counterparties do not need to let the counterparties generate their own trust by disclosing their identities, which is very helpful for credit accumulation

At present, the most popular classification of blockchain is to divide blockchain into public blockchain, private blockchain and consortium blockchain according to different participants

1. Public chain: anyone can participate in the use and maintenance, and can obtain the effective confirmation of the blockchain. Public chain is the earliest blockchain and the most widely used blockchain at present, such as bitcoin blockchain. The information is completely public

if the licensing mechanism is introced, it includes private chain and alliance chain. 2. Private chain: a company or indivial only uses the blockchain technology, enjoys the exclusive write permission of the blockchain, and does not disclose the information. At present, conservative giants (traditional finance) want to experiment with private blockchain, and the application procts of private blockchain are still groping. 3. Alliance chain: it is a blockchain between the public chain and the existing chain, which is jointly controlled by multiple organizations. The use of the chain is managed with authority, which can be controlled by the manager, and also open to others according to the manager's wishes. In addition, according to the different use scenarios and purposes of blockchain, it can be divided into currency chain for the purpose of digital currency, property chain for the purpose of recording property rights, and crowdfunding chain for the purpose of crowdfunding

On May 28, Ma Huateng, CEO of Tencent, proposed the anti-counterfeiting method based on cloud integrated blockchain technology, which is far more efficient than traditional anti-counterfeiting methods. The future anti-counterfeiting verification scenario may only require users to use their mobile phones for simple scanning, and a large number of complete information based on different dimensions can be obtained

take Maotai liquor as an example:

distillery address, proction workshop, operation staff, inspector, delivery time, transportation vehicle information and driver information,

liquor year, raw material source, raw material supplier, storage warehouse number, raw material transportation vehicle and driver information,

all information can be accurately traced, permanently recorded and tampered with

the above information can be easily verified

2. Food safety issues as early as last November, Wal Mart has cooperated with IBM to track the source of food by using blockchain technology, so as to ensure the safety of food and increase the circulation of food to rece costs. For Wal Mart and other large supermarkets, it took a few days to investigate the source of problem food, After using this technology, only one item of proct information is needed to achieve accurate traceability, and important information such as food origin, inspector, supplier, logistics and transportation can quickly find problems in a few minutes. Currently, procts tracked by blockchain include packaging procts from the United States and pork from China

3. Information security

blockchain technology is promoting an information security technology revolution. (1) identity protection PKI is a common public key encryption technology in e-mail, message application, website and other communication applications. However, since the implementation of most PKI, the centralized trusted third party certification authority (CA) is used to issue, activate and store user certificates. Hackers can attack PKI to fake user identity or crack encrypted information

certcoin is the first PKI implementation of blockchain, which comes from MIT, removes the centralized authentication center, and uses blockchain as a distributed ledger for domain name and public key

pomcor company: blockchain PKI implementation path: keep the authentication center, and use blockchain to store the hash value of issued and activated certificates. Users can verify the authenticity of certificates through decentralized and transparent sources, and can also improve the network access performance through local authentication of secret key and signature based on blockchain

(2) data integrity protection

guardtime developed a secret key free signature architecture (Ksi) based on blockchain technology to replace the secret key based data authentication technology. Ksi stores the hash table of the original data and files on the blockchain, runs the hash algorithm to verify other copies, and compares the results with the data stored in the blockchain. Any data tampering will be found quickly because the original hash table is stored in millions of nodes

(3) key infrastructure protection

the "Achilles heel" of the Internet, DDoS has entered the TB era, DDoS is still the simplest weapon for hackers to bring down the big target with low cost, DNS service is the primary target for hackers to carry out large-scale destruction, but blockchain technology is expected to fundamentally solve the problem

The distributed storage of

blockchain makes hacker attacks lose focus. Nebulis is developing a distributed DNS system, which uses Ethereum blockchain and interstellar Internet file system (IPFs, the distributed substitute of HTTP) to register and resolve domain names. The biggest weakness of DNS is caching, which makes DDoS attacks possible. It is also the bane of the centralized government's censorship of social networks and manipulation of DNS registration. A highly transparent and distributed DNS system can effectively prevent any entity, including the government, from arbitrarily manipulating records

(1) digital currency: improve the convenience of currency issuance and use, such as bitcoin and Ethernet in foreign countries, and guorenbao in China

from the use of physical transactions, to physical currency and credit currency, and then to the rise of bitcoin network, more and more people are aware of the distributed ledger blockchain technology behind it, and graally apply it in many scenarios other than digital currency

(2) cross border payment and settlement: realize point-to-point transaction, rece intermediate fees

transfer and payment. At present, the most mature application of blockchain technology is payment and transfer. Blockchain technology can avoid complicated systems, save the process of inter-bank reconciliation and review, and accelerate the settlement speed; Virtual currency can rece transaction costs without the intervention of clearing house. Different countries have different clearing proceres. It takes two or three days for a single remittance to arrive, which is inefficient and accounts for a large proportion of funds in transit. No longer through the third party, through the blockchain technology to form point-to-point payment. By eliminating the link of the third-party institutions, we can make full day payment, real-time payment, withdraw cash quickly and rece the hidden cost, which helps to avoid the capital risk. It is timely and convenient

(3) bills and supply chain financial business: rece human intervention, rece costs and operational risks

value transfer between point-to-point, control and verify physical bills or central system; Intermediaries will be eliminated and human intervention reced. With the improvement of efficiency, financing channels are more unblocked, risks are lower, and multiple parties benefit

(4) securities issuance and Trading: realize quasi real-time asset transfer, accelerate the speed of transaction clearing

the application of blockchain technology can make the process of securities trading more concise, transparent and fast, rece the plication of IT system, and improve the efficiency of market operation. For stocks, blockchain can eliminate paper and pen or electronic form records, rece human errors in trading, and improve the transparency and traceability of trading platform. Citigroup and Nasdaq cooperate to promote blockchain applications

(5) customer credit investigation and anti fraud: rece the cost of legal compliance, prevent financial crimes

the customer information and transaction records recorded in the blockchain help banks identify abnormal transactions and effectively prevent fraud. The technical characteristics of blockchain can change the existing credit reference system, and store the data of customers with bad records in the blockchain when the bank concts "know your customer" (KYC)

equity crowdfunding:

2. Wangchain technology through the blockchain technology. The company's basic information, equity information, option information and other value information, as well as constantly changing information records and historical records can be included in the blockchain distributed ledger to improve information transparency and reliability. At the same time, it helps to match information between equity transferor and equity investor.

3. Now let's talk about the feasibility of blockchain equity crowdfunding in China. As we all know, as far as China is concerned, companies fall into two categories: joint stock companies and limited companies
joint stock companies are divided into "listed companies" and "unlisted companies". The shares of a listed company are registered in China securities registration and Clearing Corporation, so its behavior of issuing shares or trading shares is regulated by the CSRC. Here, we don't want to explain more; The shares issued by non listed companies do not need to be registered by any institution, and can be confirmed by issuing shares and maintaining the register of shareholders. Of course, many of them are registered through third-party institutions such as the instrial and commercial department or China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation, and use the local share custody center to provide third-party registration services for publicity. Moreover, when the company's equity changes, it is necessary to manually process paper equity certificates, option issuance and convertible notes. In this way, the company's stock rights can be changed, The maintenance of the register of shareholders will become very complicated, and the tracking and maintenance of transactions will become more difficult to trace with more and more transactions
if the techshares blockchain technology is used for equity crowdfunding, all the above problems can be perfectly solved. The blockchain account book is safe and transparent, and can not be tampered with. It is also easy to track, and can record the company's equity and its change history at any time
convenience of equity transfer and circulation
for equity crowdfunding, equity circulation is an important part of business, which can stimulate the activity of users and promote more registration and issuance. The traditional OTC over-the-counter equity trading is based on the credit of both sides of the transaction, and the two sides of the transaction bear the credit risk on their own. The transaction can only be carried out after the establishment of bilateral credit, and the trading platform bears the credit risk of market traders
techshares blockchain technology can rece the credit risk of transactions. In essence, it decentralizes the third party that provides credibility to a more thorough extent, that is, it is no longer limited to specific third party entities, but relies on all participants to jointly maintain a set of registration system. On the one hand, blockchain gives the right to record to the company itself, reflecting the spirit of autonomy; On the other hand, it can also ensure the openness, transparency and authenticity of information records, and minimize rights disputes. The ownership of equity is registered in the blockchain, and the equity transaction must be signed by the owner's private key to be verified; After the transaction is confirmed, the change of equity will also be recorded in the blockchain, so as to protect the interests of both parties
how to ensure safety
as an investor, the most worrying problem is the safety of funds. Traditional equity crowdfunding often has the problem of "double flowers" (Note: double flowers - Double expenses, that is, the only share is repeatedly transferred to two people). Until the electronic data is comprehensive, the central clearing agency ensures that the whole system can be leveled after trading. But the risk is often borne by the platform. Unlike traditional floor trading, equity crowdfunding business is carried out by many independent companies. Therefore, these trading activities are scattered on various platforms. With the techshares blockchain technology, the decentralized trust constructed by the blockchain can ensure the normal operation of the system and business without the need for mutual trust. Everyone becomes a node in the blockchain, with their own public key and private key, participating in rapid transaction verification and accounting. Moreover, in the initial stage of equity crowdfunding, the sponsors, crowdfunding platforms, investors and sponsors jointly sign a crowdfunding contract to agree on their respective responsibilities and obligations. The contract can be stored in the blockchain in the form of a smart contract, and the blockchain ensures that the contract cannot be tampered with ring the performance. In this way, there is no need to worry about safe space
it has strong expansibility, reasonable and legal
blockchain equity crowdfunding is composed of three-tier structure, and the bottom layer is blockchain network, which constructs a decentralized trust distributed system; The middle layer is the combination of business logic and blockchain to jointly establish account center, equity registration, equity voucher, equity transaction, equity management and other functions; The top layer is the crowdfunding platform for customer-oriented business, and the business of the platform can be extended to various fields and instries in theory
with techshares' blockchain technology, decentralized trust can be realized by building P2P self-organizing network, orderly and tamperable cryptography account book and distributed consensus mechanism. In addition, no matter the company law, the regulations on the administration of company registration or other laws and regulations, there are no specific restrictions on the form of expression of the register of shareholders maintained by the company itself. The company can choose to create and maintain the register of shareholders in any form with written records, not limited to specific carriers. Therefore, it is entirely reasonable and legal to use techshares as a carrier for equity crowdfunding on the blockchain. Once it is voluntarily chosen by the company, it can provide legal and effective proof for the company's equity (shares).

4. For this problem, we can simply use blockchain + big data to illustrate. For example, jinwowo group has started the research on big data with blockchain as the underlying technology. Because blockchain technology is also a distributed accounting mode, everyone in the system can have the opportunity to participate in accounting.

5. Build equity trading platform through blockchain technology, record static information such as enterprise equity and options, as well as dynamic information changing in the process of enterprise development in the blockchain distributed ledger, improve the efficiency of e diligence of investors, and match the transaction between equity transferor and investor.

6. From the perspective of securities, why can blockchain become a disruptive technology
basically, it is the first blockchain solution that can be used by all the financial giants in the world. This is a private equity market. In this system, many start-ups can put the stock equity system in the architecture and trade. As we all know, many start-ups are delaying their IPO time more and more, resulting in more and more unicorns around the world. Indivials for unicorn, in fact, equity flow also has such demand, so NASDAQ thinks it is a very big blue ocean. They have built a blockchain based system in which these private equity can be easily registered and traded. NASDAQ has made a lot of efforts in this area, and completed the first transaction last year, and completed the equity voting system based on blockchain last year, so we can see that Nasdaq has made a lot of efforts in this area CCTV)
the only advantage of blockchain is that the information recorded above cannot be tampered with, and anyone can view it. European crowdfunding makes use of this feature of blockchain to make crowdfunding projects more open and transparent, and the flow of funds can be checked.

7. Blockchain is the biggest trend in the next decade
if you look at the problem with the thinking of 30 years ago, you will think that others are crazy, but in fact you are out of date
the concept of blockchain can be traced back to the end of 2008. In the forum, a mysterious personage named "Nakamoto Tsung" published a paper "bitcoin: a peer-to-peer e-cash system" and proposed the concept of blockchain for the first time
on January 3, 2009, the first block of the blockchain was born, which is called the "Founding block"
almost with the birth of blockchain technology, bitcoin became the first thing to play its role. In the following years, bitcoin graally swept the world. In 2017, its crazy market made blockchain technology known to all
the idea of blockchain first appeared in the famous bitcoin open source project. In the process of its birth and development, bitcoin project draws on the technical achievements from digital currency, cryptography, game theory, distributed system, cybernetics and other fields. It can be said that bitcoin project is good at all. As its core supporting structure, blockchain technology is a remarkable innovation achievement
blockchain is a distributed database system with different nodes, which is an open ledger system<
three characteristics of blockchain
compared with the traditional centralized scheme, blockchain technology mainly has the following three characteristics:
the core idea of blockchain is decentralization
in the blockchain system, the rights and obligations between any node are equal, and all nodes have the ability to vote with computing power, Thus, the result recognized by more than half of the nodes is guaranteed. Even under serious hacker attacks, as long as the number of nodes controlled by hackers does not exceed half of the total number of nodes in the world, the system can still operate normally and the data will not be tampered with
block chain's biggest subversive is the establishment of credit
the collective maintenance of blockchain can rece the cost
in the centralized network system, the maintenance and operation of the system depend on the operation and operation of platforms such as data center, and the cost cannot be omitted. Anyone can participate in the nodes of the blockchain. Each node can verify the correctness of the results of other nodes' records while participating in the records, which improves the maintenance efficiency and reces the cost
in a word, blockchain touches money, trust and power, which are the fundamental basis for human survival< Its development has gone through three stages
1. Brewing period: from 2009 to 2012, bitcoin and its instrial ecology are the main economic forms
2. Embryonic period: from 2012 to 2015, with bitcoin entering the public view, new wallet payment and remittance companies appeared, and blockchain economy spread to the financial field. The underlying technology of blockchain is constantly innovated. Blockchain technology is separated from bitcoin system
3. Development period: in 2016, we began to explore instry applications, and a large number of blockchain start-ups appeared. The popularity of ICO in 2017 has given blockchain unprecedented attention
"blockchain 2.0 era" is coming
the application service layer is the driving force for the sustainable development of blockchain, which is divided into three stages of application: 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0
programmable currency: blockchain 1.0 application
programmable currency is the digital currency represented by bitcoin, but it is not the legal tender of any country or region, and there is no government authority to provide guarantee for it
programmable Finance: blockchain 2.0 application& quot; Smart contract& quot; Using program algorithm to replace the concept of contract execution. This enables blockchain to expand from the original monetary system to the registration and transfer of equity, creditor's rights and property rights, the transaction and execution of securities and financial contracts, and even the financial fields of gambling and anti-counterfeiting
programmable Society: blockchain 3.0 application
blockchain is the core of value Internet, which can confirm, measure and store the property rights of information and bytes representing value in each Internet. It can not only record the transactions of the financial instry, but also record almost anything valuable that can be expressed in the form of code. Its application can be extended to any field with demand, and then to the whole society
at present, the application of blockchain has begun to surpass bitcoin (blockchain 1.0), enter the era of blockchain 1.5, and transition to the financial field (blockchain 2.0)
in the next 3-5 years, blockchain may go beyond the financial field and enter the field of social notarization and intelligence (blockchain 3.0), including identity authentication, notarization, arbitration, audit, domain name, logistics, medical care, mail, visa, voting and other fields. Its application scope will be expanded to the whole society, and blockchain technology is likely to become a new technology& quot; All things are connected& quot; It's the lowest level protocol
at present, blockchain technology has been recognized by the world, and its development has become an inevitable trend. Accompanied by more people's attention, "in the next 30 years, new technologies will be integrated into all aspects of traditional instries, and human society will turn upside down. No matter who you are, no matter where you are, all of us will be a part of this great change."
this is the current situation. Blockchain has given the post-90s an opportunity. However, if you want to control blockchain technology without being affected by negative factors, the most important thing is to have a clear understanding of it, whether it is regulators, researchers, speculators or bystanders
it's time to devote more energy to blockchain technology
in China, the average annual salary of blockchain positions has reached more than 300000, and that of some enterprises has reached more than 1 million. The monthly salary of blockchain instry graates in Beijing, Shanghai and other places has exceeded 20K! If the post-90s seize the bonus of the times, they may become the next Alibaba in the future! If you miss it, you may regret it for ten years.

8. ——What are the institutional shackles of blockchain development< In 2008, subprime mortgage crisis broke out in the United States. The food on Wall Street is too ugly, and it has been exposed by the Internet under the eyes of all mankind

Americans are angry. Some people blame the greed of Wall Street, some occupy Wall Street, and some try to find a way to replace the Wall Street accounting system through the practice of distributed accounting technology

therefore, first of all, we need to be clear: first, the concept of blockchain, which was summarized later, aims to replace the traditional accounting path

Second, blockchain is a means to break Wall Street's financial monopoly, improve financial efficiency and rece the cost of real enterprises through universal bookkeeping rights

to understand the above two logics, we go to find the problem:

as a new technology highly concerned by all mankind, blockchain has appeared for more than 10 years. Why is it still unable to serve the real instry

Where is the root cause? This is the focus we need to study. If we don't understand this problem, we can't reach the forefront of this field

Finance is a grand proposition, and blockchain, as the underlying technology of new finance, is also a grand proposition

the grand proposition needs to be discovered and thought from the bottom. What is the bottom of blockchain< The answer is social system and Western values. The birthplace of blockchain is the United States, which is a capitalist country. Exclusive ownership is an important part of capitalist social values

therefore, what is generated on the blockchain is defined by Nakamoto as bitcoin, not the ownership of the blockchain - equity. Please note that this definition is determined by values

values seem to be empty, but they always affect everyone's thinking and choice. Nakamoto's original definition directly determines the thinking path of latecomers

if bitcoin is defined as the ownership of the network, the ownership will naturally increase with the increase of users. This is a self consistent logic

however, if bitcoin is defined as currency, it will lose the support of ownership. Without the support of ownership, participants will have to rely on faith to maintain the value of chips in each other's hands. Beliefs that cannot be reconciled are actually very weak. The value unit based on the weak belief will make believers always anxious to find the belief allies, which is the root of the fact that digital currency can never go to the entity. Because the trust between believers is not strong

therefore, the real shackles of blockchain development are precisely the so-called universal values advertised by the Americans

- the algorithm should be: people-oriented

People's accounts should be blocks

when indivials, merchants, enterprises and institutions open accounts, they will automatically form blocks

there are two value units in each block: first, the ownership of the network, that is, equity; Second, the future service of the network, namely the right of delivery

the former is like a well, and the latter is like the well water. The former is infinite and the latter is finite. Unlimited can provide sufficient guarantee for limited. The future can provide sufficient guarantee for the present

all of the above can be self consistent. The meaning of self consistent is that only by persuading ourselves, can we build real stability and trust

on the basis of self stability and trust, well water can flow to entities instead of hoarding and speculation

Please note: the underlying logic and principles play a decisive role in group selection

if bitcoin holders are not a group of anxious people or a Western value system, they can get out of anxiety early. For example, bitcoin holders jointly invested $4 billion worth of bitcoin to lead the investment in the public network with equity sharing (10% of the shares), and let social funds follow the investment of $4 billion (10% of the shares), and the remaining equity belongs to the users of the public network. This will create a predictable, trillion dollar, shared cake. Indivials, businesses and enterprises will naturally move in one after another to receive their own cakes. After receiving, each market will participate in the basic unit to form a basic reputation, and then use the basic reputation to invest in the real instry. The new real assets will naturally guarantee the new reputation, and the new reputation will be reinvested, and the scale of public new assets will continue to be expanded..... And so on. However, it is a pity that the value system of the West has imprisoned the further courage of blockchain participants. Their choice is to turn around and engage in Ethereum, EOS, and create a large number of so-called digital currencies. In the end, digital reputation cannot be combined with entities

in other words, the core of Western values is competitive thinking, which leads to the starting point of each person's thinking is to put others on the list of hostility rather than cooperation. The inertia of this thinking leads to the continuous increase of money, but it is unable to enter the entity. Therefore, the acquisition of the so-called basic theory and original innovation ability requires us to find out the blind area and forbidden area of others' thinking first. On this basis, we can occupy the no man's land, set our own standards in the no man's land, and finally grasp the dominant power and interpretation power of the rules<

-- let historical contribution become the basis of trust

Enterprises above Designated Size have clear and consistent historical operating revenue data, which represents historical contribution

the greater the historical contribution, the stronger its influence and appeal, the stronger its real ability and the higher its actual credibility

the current blockchain does not respect the historical contribution, and completely ignores the historical contribution of entity enterprises, which will inevitably lead to logical conflicts

to straighten out this kind of conflict, we need to take the historical business income data of enterprises as the most important source of reputation

only by fully respecting the real enterprise, sincerely serving the real enterprise, and making the real enterprise become an important shareholder of the new network, can the real enterprise actively embrace the new technology and new finance

otherwise, it's necessary to tell your own story, yell your own technology and procts, and go further and further

the so-called construction of a community of shared future for human beings requires us to put others on the first list of friends and partners, not on the first list of competition

does the algorithm of blockchain respect the real enterprises<

from bitcoin to Ethereum, from Ethereum to EOS, from EOS to Libra......

- the future of blockchain

1. People oriented: account number is the block, block has equity, stock right (small but continuous)

2. Respect history: Based on the revenue data of entity enterprises, trust ties (the main origin of delivery right)

3. Reverse circulation: through prepayment purchase, salary, bonus and other ways, it directly flows to the employee account, and the employees're consumption will directly activate the enterprise's proction capacity and achieve a win-win situation between supply and demand

4. Don't myth a certain technology, don't form technological hegemony in thinking. Technology is a tool to achieve the goal, not the goal itself

5

6. Before starting, protect first. Sign a contract first, open up the cross instry and cross regional value chain, and start after people eliminate their anxiety

7. Reserve regulatory channels, so that the government and society can trace the responsibility according to the data, which is the proof of self-discipline.

9.

Currency digitization is the future trend, and the investment and financing events of blockchain instry continue to rise. On October 13, 18, the blockchain platform tzero of overstock, an American e-commerce giant, completed the issuance of securities token. Tzero raised $134 million through large amount of securities token financing, which was used for the construction and development of securities token, After being officially approved, tzero sto can raise funds in a way similar to equity crowdfunding, and exchange a certain proportion of equity and token. With the continuous participation of traditional enterprises, sto has moved from a small circle of blockchain to a broader mass world

from the popularity of ICO to the popularity of STO, the development speed of blockchain is also quite fast. So what is sto

sto (security token offering) refers to the issuance of securities type warrants, whose goal is to carry out the public issuance of warrants under a legal and compliant regulatory framework. At present, the governments of the United States and Singapore are actively introcing relevant laws and regulations, and there are a large number of exchanges, project parties and service platforms focusing on sto
sto mainly includes three factors, namely securities, warrants and issuance:

Security - ownership of the underlying assets with real value, such as stocks, real estate, funds or artworks. Usually, owners are provided with different financial rights, such as profit sharing rights, equity, dividends, voting rights, redemption rights, etc

token token token, circulating proof of rights and interests. The securities mentioned above must be associated with a specific form of expression. The form of expression of token is expected to evolve from the previous paper-based securities to the current paperless (traditional exchange securities company account records) to the advanced paperless (encrypted digital account records based on blockchain Technology) in the future

Offering refers to comparing IPO (the national designated exchange of traditional securities) and ITO (the ITO website that can be run by indivials). At present, the issuing platform is mainly the token exchange which is subject to the national supervision, and the issuing is subject to the supervision of regulatory agencies (such as SEC in the United States, Bafin in Germany, etc.), and issued in accordance with regulations (such as reg D, reg a +, reg s, reg CF of SEC), Investment users need to pass KYC and AML audit

from the perspective of blockchain:

st is the token of securitization, which is an application of blockchain in the stage of 3.0

st is a rational choice from the virtual to the real

st is an effective way of chain reform

enterprises can realize the vision of issuing sto through vie

10. There are many problems in regional equity market, such as financing difficulty, investment difficulty, high risk, high cost, etc., but these problems are essentially caused by asymmetric information, untrue, incomplete information, high cost of information acquisition, and also determined by the one-to-one offline mode of OTC. Recently, interesting chain technology has published an article saying that it has applied blockchain technology to the regional equity market. The biggest role of blockchain technology in the regional equity market is as follows: first, to enhance the efficient mutual trust and cooperation in the regional market; second, to rece the information asymmetry of the participants in the regional market; third, to improve the equity registration and custody function of the regional market; fourth, to reshape the clearing and settlement system of the regional market; fifth, to promote the docking of the regional market and the multi-level capital market system.