Ofo blockchain

1. With the development of cryptocurrency, the "blockchain technology" has become popular. In China, both giant companies such as batj (network, Alibaba, Tencent, and Jingdong) and companies like didi and ofo are actively exploring blockchain technology. Throughout the world, Wal Mart, MasterCard,
IBM and giant automobile manufacturers are trying to use blockchain technology to solve instry pain points. In addition, there are "declining" enterprises such as Kodak of Japan, hoping to fight a "turnaround battle" through blockchain
What does these phenomena show? This shows that the technology of block chain has great commercial value. Everyone hopes to cultivate a new world on this unknown land. So, with the development of blockchain technology this year, it has not only been a simple underlying technology, but also formed a complete ecosystem. Now let's talk with you from two aspects of "coin circle" and "chain circle": what is the ecosystem of blockchain, and let's understand the whole picture of blockchain instry
the first section of the coin circle
in the coin circle, there are always several terms: project party, exchange, media, mining machinery manufacturer. Next, let's take a detailed inventory of what's going on
first, the project side of the coin circle can be understood as follows: all those who issue tokens are the project side. Attention, it's a coin ring. There are also some project parties that don't issue money, such as Alibaba, Tencent and Netease, which are also doing blockchain projects. They don't issue money and only focus on technology. Then these project parties that don't issue money mainly focus on the role of blockchain in data security and supply chain, which we will talk about later
let's return to the topic of coin circle project parties. For example, yilaiyun and BoChang, which are more controversial recently, are the project parties of coin circle, as well as blockchain games, which are more popular recently. They also belong to coin circle project parties
one of the subversive aspects of the coin circle project is the combination of the project and the token, which directly replaces the equity with the token, and the token can be directly circulated. This is a very revolutionary point, so that many initial projects can be more convenient for financing. After financing, the feedback token can be circulated on the digital currency trading platform, and the investors can also exit very well
this "financing investment" approach seems to be another way to realize the listing and trading of equity in disguised form
therefore, it is such a mode that makes the project side of the coin circle the nearest place to the money. They can easily circle the money, and of course they can't resist the temptation, or they have been planning for a long time and run away after circling the money. The detailed process of token issuing by the project side is generally as follows:
the first step is to build a token system, which is similar to an app application. This is not very complicated, because Ethereum is open source, similar to Android Apple system, on which developers can develop specific applications
the second step is to write a white paper, which is similar to the business plan. The white paper is similar to the business plan, mainly including the team situation, technical situation and other information of the project
the third step is to find someone to do endorsement, and find some influential instry bigwigs to promote
the fourth step is to promote marketing, find some blockchain media to push soft articles and pull cooperation, which we will mention below
the fifth step is to find financing
Step 6: go to the stock exchange, and the token begins to spread widely
Second, the exchange
with the project side, let's talk about the exchange. If the project side is a procer, then the things they proce have to be sold and traded, right? The exchange is a trading place for the token of the project party. If the token of the project side is similar to the stock, then the exchange of the currency circle is similar to the secondary market of the stock market. However, the exchange of the currency circle has more power. It has the right to audit the currency, and can decide whether to put the currency in or out
of course, if the project party wants to pay the exchange a huge amount of money charging fees, the investors who trade in the exchange also need to pay the handling fee or withdrawal fee, and the rules of the handling fee and withdrawal fee of each exchange are different. In fact, the currency fees, handling fees and cash withdrawal fees constitute the profit model of the currency circle exchange. Of course, in addition to these three profit models, the profit model of the exchange includes the "market maker" business to earn the price difference, that is, the exchange creates liquidity through continuous trading, acts as a market maker and earns the price difference at the same time
at present, e to the increasingly fierce competition in the instry, there will be less and less currency fees and handling charges, or even no need, so the proportion of conventional profits will be less and less, which leads to the emergence of other profit models, such as platform currency and leverage handling charges. Let's talk about platform currency first. Platform currency is the currency issued by the exchange: okb and coin an belong to platform currency. These platform currencies issued by the exchange can be exchanged for BTC and eth. At the same time, the appreciation of platform currency's own value can lay a solid material foundation for the development of the exchange. For users, holding platform currency can enjoy the benefits of commission discount, platform dividend, special activities of the exchange, etc, This is platform currency. Leverage service charge refers to the currency financing function on the platform, which supports leveraged transactions and charges a certain proportion of service charge to currency financing users
all of the above are actually ecosystems constructed through the exchange's own resource output. Now, the exchange is still actively planning the whole instry to obtain income, such as the establishment of capital, mine pool, wallet, incubator, Engineering Institute, fund and other ways. We believe that if the exchange wants to develop for a long time, it must lay out the whole instry chain, find new breakout points of the instry, and build a complete ecosystem. Therefore, the proportion of strategic profits should be increased
3. Blockchain media
in the past two years when blockchain is hot, there are not only a lot of project parties, but also media. At present, there are about 200 well-known blockchain media. The content on the blockchain media platform is about the following points: policy, hacker, exchange, boss and project party. In addition to words, the operation mode of blockchain media also includes community activities, such as inviting "big guys" to share in the group, so as to achieve a precipitation of high-quality content and earn some traffic at the same time
Why do we have to mention blockchain media? It's because there are some differences between blockchain media and the media in our impression. What's the difference? The difference is that there are some interest relationships between blockchain media and the above mentioned project parties and exchanges. We just said that the project side is like a "procer" and the exchange is like a "sales market". Then, the role of the media is like "advertising platform & quot;. If the project wants to sell well, it needs publicity and advertising, then blockchain media plays such a role. Therefore, the investors of some blockchain media are the project side and the exchange
recently, there has been a bear market. Many blockchain media have laid off employees on a large scale. The reason is nothing more than the shortage of projects and funds. Therefore, it is far from enough for blockchain media to rely solely on the investment of the project side, the exchange and the advertising revenue. When the bear market comes and the project side and the exchange are affected, then the media is bound to face a very cruel winter. As a result, many blockchain media are also doing token issuing by project parties (the most typical are content communities such as coin and coin car, which belong to a media platform and are also doing token issuing by project parties), or some blockchain media are doing business such as wallet selling, mining machine renting and computing power
however, we believe that blockchain media, as the media, still play the role of guiding public opinion. Therefore, we should return to the essence and be a place to deliver instry value information, rather than a place to pile up advertisements. Therefore, blockchain media should keep up with the development of technology to realize its own survival and development. Relying on the advantages of blockchain technology and based on the consensus mechanism in the token system, it can realize the reasonable distribution of the interests of the media instry. In this regard, it may have a certain imagination< Fourth, mining machine manufacturers
in the final analysis, bitcoin mining is the competition of computing power. The stronger the computing power, the greater the probability of bitcoin mining. Therefore, in the business system of the whole coin circle, mining machinery manufacturers are a very important existence. We can see from one data: in the blockchain instry of Hurun 100 rich list in 2018, the richest person is Mr. Zhan ketuan, a partner of bitcontinental, a miner. In addition, according to the prospectus, bitcoin's net profit in the first half of the year was US $743 million, an increase of nearly eight times over the same period last year. Bitcoin once occupied more than 70% of the global market share of mining machinery, becoming the leader in the mining machinery instry. Not only mining machinery, bitmainland still occupies a near monopoly position in the mining pool (that is, a mode of cooperative mining): at present, the computing power of the top six mining pools in the world accounts for 79.2%
after the invention of China's first bitcoin miner, Jianan Yun, another miner chip research company, began to engage in the research of chips in the field of blockchain and artificial intelligence. In just a few years, it has also become an internationally famous chip enterprise
in fact, as early as 2012, the United States announced that it was going to sell a butterfly miner, but many people later thought it was a scam, because it took several years for the butterfly miner to go on sale, which also made the R & D of mining machines in other countries become very scared, and they were all scrambling for time, in a sense, Butterfly mining machine is also driving the prosperity of mining machine instry. So, in 2013, the mining machine has entered a season of contention, and a large number of ASIC mining machines have been put forward: or announced research and development, or announced pre-sale, or in the form of spot: cat roasting mining machine, pigeon mining machine, TMR mining machine, biter mining machine, Rand mining Bureau, little bee mining machine, Avalon original factory and various OEM, garden mining machine, Smart mining machine and so on... Maybe you haven't heard of these mining machines, because they are basically dead. Bitcontinental, Jianan Yun and Yibang have become mining machine giants< However, as a derivative instry under the prosperity of cryptocurrency market, the price of mining machinery is closely related to the cryptocurrency Market: in the bull market, the supply of mining machinery often falls short of demand, and it is common for miners to buy Mining machinery from "scalpers" at several times high prices. At this time, mining machinery manufacturers enter the dividend period. However, in a bear market, mining machinery manufacturers will also be adversely affected. As miners' enthusiasm for mining declines, some manufacturers have to rece the price of mining machinery to recover costs. For example, when bitcoin plummeted in March this year, a certain model of mining machine sold by Huaqiangbei was on sale at a price of 5000 yuan, and the price dropped from about 19000 yuan to
14000 yuan
[summary]
at this point, we can find that whether it is the project party, the exchange, the media, or the mining machinery, it can be said that it is a kind of "one-stop"

2. ① What is digital assets
MBA think tank defines "digital assets": digital assets refer to non monetary assets owned or controlled by enterprises, existing in the form of electronic data, held in daily activities for sale or in the process of proction

in our life, direct consumption in Alipay is a common way to use digital assets, that is, the electronic payment system. Besides, we often use network office, Internet stocks, online reading or video broadcasting, which are using digital assets. For enterprises, online coupons or points are the use of digital assets, and some companies also distribute equity in the form of digital assets

2. Why digitalize assets<

as for the allocation of private digital assets, Xiao Feng, vice chairman of Wanxiang holdings and chairman of Tonglian data, said at a financial technology investment summit that in order to get more than expected returns, it means that we must adopt a different way of asset allocation from others. In the future, the most obvious opportunity for alternative asset allocation may be digital assets. In the next 10 years, This new asset class cannot be ignored. For the society, asset digitization is a major trend

the bat empire is soaring in the digital economy of the Internet. In recent years, Didi, meituan, P2P lending and ofo are all inseparable from two key factors: asset circulation and sharing economy. The most convenient way of asset circulation is undoubtedly to digitize assets! The essence of sharing economy is to make the real assets more convenient for resource sharing through intelligent digital way. Through technical means to rece the waste of resources and rece costs

for enterprises, asset digitization is the best solution to rece costs and increase efficiency. If the privacy file is encrypted and saved by technical means, the security will be far greater than that in the entity. And digital assets are also convenient for enterprises to manage. When the era of big asset management comes, asset management needs to face thousands of asset types, involving a large number of calculations, which can not be completed by manpower alone

③ why use blockchain technology to digitize assets

1. Distrust. Through the distributed system of the blockchain, the trust between people is transferred to the trust in the machine, and the machine will not cheat people - it has no feelings and only operates in its own way. This greatly reces the number of central links generated by trust. In some instries, intermediaries can even be removed. Supply and demand trust is entirely based on this magical machine

2. Decentralization. At present, if you want to transfer the equity you hold, you have to go through a lot of proceres and find different departments to do it well. It's a waste of time and money. If blockchain technology is combined with electronic contract, this problem can be solved. Shareholders can trade their shares just like buying and selling T + 0 shares, and they are also protected by law. What about cross chain technology Cross chain: for example, you directly use your shares to buy other people's digital rights, recing the steps of exchanging legal currency.) How convenient that would be

3. Highly transparent. Now the business's biggest fear is information opacity. The application of blockchain technology can solve this problem. As long as the public digital assets are set up, everyone can view them. If necessary, the number of assets held by the owner can even be displayed, and some shady transactions can be avoided

4. Anonymization. We often do "streaking" on the Internet carelessly. Our information is sold at a price in some bad companies. We check all the system records of a person for several hundred yuan. We can receive some sales calls from time to time in our daily life, and most of the fraud calls are successful only after we know your information. In the blockchain, we only display one address for transactions, which can effectively protect our own information and rece the possibility of information being sold publicly

blockchain technology is a "customized" technology for its security, confidentiality, openness and transparency in asset digitization.

4.

Cycling mining is coming again

remember obike in the storm? This is a bike mining proct that makes a lot of money through the ocoins token and then tears each other. Now, the yellow car is coming

on the app interface of ofo, "ride now, get the GSE token!" I'm looking forward to your advertisement. At the top of the slogan, ofo wrote, "we are pleased to announce that ofo is working with gselab."

The screenshot of

shows that GSE, issued by gselab, is a token that combines sharing economy and blockchain technology. Users can use this currency in more application scenarios of sharing economy and exchange it with other digital currencies

there is a detailed report on ivery, link here

5. Please, people only need 10 Australian dollars a month, you need 10 Australian dollars in two weeks!!!

6. Now they are all doing blockchain, but I don't know whether they are really doing it or whether it was a hot spot.
after all, many institutions have not yet understood what blockchain is

7. On September 2, it was reported that ofo may be acquired at a low price by Didi, and Davidson has turned its attention to blockchain. Ofo responded that the acquisition is false news, and blockchain is the technology direction that the company has been exploring. There is no theory of switching to blockchain
a few days ago, China first financial reported that ofo company is graally laying off staff and plans to lay off further staff in early September. On Didi's side, it's brewing a low price of ofo in the fourth quarter of this year. At present, Daiwei has been involved in the operation of blockchain project, and has accumulated relevant financial resources through the classmate relationship with sun Yuchen, the founder of BoChang. Some of the original ofo employees have also turned to the blockchain project created by Dewey
in response to this, ofo said that blockchain is the technology direction that the company has been exploring, and there is no theory of transfer
in addition, according to the daily economic news, Didi's acquisition of ofo had been discussed for a time, but there were problems when it was about to be signed. "In the past month, the news of financing has been circulating," the report said. Last week, ofo was still talking about reaching an agreement with Didi. Even the co founders told the following teams that the st might soon be settled. But the next day, it suddenly turned out not to be so dramatic. It is said that it is very difficult for Ali and didi to reach an agreement. "

8.

Ofo and didi have had many contacts on the acquisition in July, and a person familiar with the matter said that didi has sent people to make a full investigation in the past two or three weeks

however, the two sides are still in a constant tug of war on the purchase price. Previously, 36 krypton exclusively reported that Cheng Wei, the founder of Didi, expected to buy ofo at half the price of meituan's acquisition of Mo, that is, about US $1.5 billion, which is far from Daiwei's expectation. And now the situation may be even worse, "didi is still cutting prices, and every time we talk about the price, we have to discount it once. It is also said that Didi's bid has been calculated according to the RMB." according to the above-mentioned people familiar with the matter, Alibaba, or ant financial services, which also had a demand for the acquisition of ofo, is even lower than Didi's bid

didi official said it would not comment on this, while Yu Xin, the co-founder of ofo, replied 36 krypton on wechat, "things that don't exist."

ofo may not escape the fate of being acquired by Didi. As a matter of fact, Dewey has been working very hard

since Mo was acquired by meituan, the bad news of ofo has never stopped. Recently, it has been raining like rain. Just this July, first of all, the overseas market of ofo small yellow car has been retreating. It has retreated from Spain and Madrid again. This is the third time that ofo has retreated from the overseas market. At present, only London, Paris and Milan are left in the European market

Then on July 26, the news came that 3 million yellow cars were about to be "lost". According to a relevant person in charge of providing communication services to ofo, ofo has not paid the smart lock communication service fee for more than half a year in a row. Therefore, the service provider will stop the service one after another, and the IOT network card in the smart lock will be shut down, involving about 3 million bicycles. Once the car is shut down, it means that the car will be unable to locate, upgrade and maintain remotely, and the password replacement will fail

ofo then responded that changing the "mechanical lock" does not affect the use, there is no so-called "stop card" problem, there is no signal cut-off problem, and the vehicle will not be affected. However, it is a fact that ofo is short of funds

However, the good news from the outside world, especially from competitors, may also accelerate the speed of ofo's selling. On July 5 this year, Mo announced that there was no deposit for the whole country. At the same time, Didi's Qingju and Xiaolan bicycles, as well as the harrow bicycles invested by ant financial services, are also the national (conditional) deposit free mode. However, ofo, which is still collecting deposits, is facing the dilemma of possible loss of users

9.

Recently, ofo, which is increasing its commercial realization, has adjusted its fare standard in some urban areas, adopting the charging standard of starting price + minutes + mileage. According to the explanation of ofo charging rules presented by a user in Wuhan, the standard of ofo in Wuhan is 0.5 yuan for the starting price, 0.5 yuan for the length of time per minute and 0.5 yuan for the mileage per kilometer

in addition, the maximum charge within one hour is 2 yuan, and the charge less than 2 yuan is calculated according to the starting price + ration fee + mileage. If it is used for more than 4 hours, the total charge is 10 yuan. Based on this calculation, users will charge 2 yuan for only 3 minutes of riding (starting price: 0.5 yuan + 0.5x3 minutes = 2 yuan)

In May this year, David, founder and CEO of ofo, launched the "V day" plan, which means "Victory Day". The name comes from Churchill's "V" gesture ring World War II, which requires the company to correct its monthly EBITA (earnings before tax, interest, depreciation and amortization) within 100 days. An ofo employee said that the plan "currently focuses on the commercial realization of B2B", and the realization channels are mainly "advertising and corporate annual cards"

according to a press release provided by ofo to the media, ring the third anniversary of ofo, ofo founder and CEO Dai Wei said that the entire commercial strategic layout of ofo includes body advertising, in terminal advertising, B2B composed of enterprise annual cards, finance, local life and the application of blockchain technology

according to an example of ofo advertising circulating on the Internet, the lowest price of ofo body advertising is 160 yuan / vehicle / month, and the highest brand customized car is 2000 yuan / vehicle / month. App ads are mainly open screen ads, pop-up windows and cycling end pages. According to Yu Xin, the co-founder of ofo, the body advertising business of ofo in Wuhan has only transformed 200 cars, and the relevant revenue has reached one million