December 26, 2019 blockchain
in the Internet era, there is a database behind every system. This database can be regarded as a large account book. In the past, the person who maintained the system was responsible for managing the database and recording the user's behavior, that is, bookkeeping. However, the blockchain is "decentralized", which allows every member of the system to participate in it, not only everyone bookkeeping, but also through links, Everyone can have a complete account book
"blockchain is essentially a collective recording mode. What's special is that it adopts a set of techniques in an ingenious way to realize the authenticity and credibility of the recorded results, which is difficult to destroy and tamper with. " Zhang Xiaorong said, "first, everyone has the right to record and authenticate with each other to distinguish the true from the false, which is called consensus mechanism; Second, no one can tamper with the records, because there are cryptographic signatures; Third, everyone has a , so even if some account books are damaged, the whole will not be affected. This is called distributed storage. The information recorded in this way is presented in block mode according to the time chain, so it is called blockchain. "
various cryptocurrencies represented by bitcoin are originally an application of blockchain technology, which can be described as blockchain version 1.0. However, around 2014, the instry began to realize the important value of blockchain technology. Blockchain graally separated from digital currency and applied to various economic and social fields other than digital currency
it has broad application prospects
blockchain technology is considered as a disruptive innovation after steam engine, electric power and Internet. If the steam engine and electricity liberate the proctivity, and the Internet has changed the way of information transmission, the blockchain, as a machine for building trust, may change the way of value transmission
for example, in the financial field, the cost of reconciliation, clearing and settlement between financial institutions, especially cross-border financial institutions, has always been very high, and there are complex manual processes. The application of blockchain technology can help rece the cost of reconciliation and dispute resolution between financial institutions, and significantly improve the processing speed and efficiency of payment business, It also makes small cross-border payments possible. In December 2017, China Merchants Bank completed the RMB position transfer business from Hongkong Wing Lung Bank to Shenzhen Branch of Wing Lung Bank. This is the world's first interbank cross-border RMB clearing business based on blockchain technology
in addition, according to the white paper 2016 on China's blockchain technology and application development issued by the Ministry of instry and information technology of China, the application of blockchain has been extended to medical and health, ecation, charity, social management and other fields. Taking the cultural instry as an example, the low cost of reproction, the high cost of safeguarding rights, and the difficulty of providing evidence make the protection of intellectual property rights a pain point for the instry. With blockchain, the proction, dissemination and transaction records of cultural procts are true, transparent and reliable, and the problem can be solved
Zhang Xiaorong said that blockchain technology has solved two major problems in the era of Digital Economy: one is the visible flow direction, and the other is zero trust cost. In the past, the circulation of physical paper money was invisible, but the flow of all digital assets had a "chain" to check. Yang Yanchao, a researcher at the intellectual property center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, also believes that the biggest advantage of blockchain is that it has truly completed the credit construction in an anonymous society, bringing new opportunities to many fields, thus making various innovative applications possible
there is a long way to go in the future development
in terms of technology promotion, there is no big barrier to blockchain, which has been confirmed in the global practice of bitcoin, and its main resistance comes from the obstacles in concept and implementation
"on the one hand, the society may be very concerned about the" naked "state in the blockchain. Blockchain has built a "Skynet" for the commercial society. The company's economic activities are all recorded, so there is no secret to speak of. In this way, some business strategies may not be implemented under the blockchain. "
"on the other hand, the current legal system lags behind the development of information technology, so how to put the emerging blockchain technology under the legal supervision needs to be studied." Duan Yongchao said
the core of blockchain is decentralization, which will have an impact on the long-standing central management model. In addition to the law, how to establish a regulatory environment that can promote the application of blockchain technology, so that the technology can benefit the society and not be used to do evil, is also an urgent problem to be solved.
Five aspects of blockchain instry growth potential promote the healthy development of Technology Virtual reality and other technologies are another emerging technology that will have a significant impact on the future, which is expected to promote human beings from the era of information internet to the era of value Internet
some countries and regions in the United States, Japan and the European Union have promoted the development of blockchain as an important national development strategy, and vigorously promoted the development and application of blockchain technology. China also attaches great importance to the technological innovation and instrial development of blockchain. With the joint participation of it and other enterprises, a large number of new enterprises, new procts, new models and new applications have emerged. The application of blockchain in the fields of finance, government affairs, energy, medical and other instries has graally expanded, and is becoming an important force to drive the technological proct innovation and instrial transformation of various instries
the development of blockchain can be divided into three stages, namely, blockchain 1.0, represented by bitcoin and related financial infrastructure applications, and blockchain 2.0, represented by smart contract. At present, it is graally moving towards blockchain 3.0, which is based on blockchain technology and more complex in-depth application of smart contract
statistical analysis of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of the year. According to the statistical data of in depth analysis report on business model innovation and investment opportunities of blockchain instry published by foresight Instry Research Institute, in the first half of 2018, the amount of financing in the blockchain field was about 10.7 billion, with a year-on-year growth rate of 1426% compared with the same period in 2017; The number of investment and financing events in the field of blockchain has reached 205, and it is expected that the investment in the field of blockchain will usher in another peak this year
according to the distribution of investment and financing rounds in China's blockchain field, the proportion of investment rounds in the start-up period (before round b) is more than 95%, with the joint investment of many instry pioneers, and most enterprises are still running around
statistics and growth of blockchain investment and financing in the first half of 2014-2018
data source: China attaches great importance to the development and application of blockchain technology. Driven by multiple forces such as policy, technology and market, the pace of blockchain innovation has been accelerating. It has been deeply integrated with cloud computing, big data, Internet of things and other technologies. The scope of exploration and application has also expanded from digital assets to supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, instrial Internet, social welfare, right protection and other fields
five aspects to promote the healthy development of blockchain technology, promote the high-quality development of digital economy
1, in-depth study and grasp the development trend of blockchain technology and instry. Pay close attention to the international development frontier, jointly promote the research of blockchain related technology and instry, promote the standardization of blockchain development instry behavior, and create a good development environment
2. Strengthen the construction of core technology capacity of blockchain
establish and improve the collaborative promotion mechanism among backbone enterprises, universities and research institutions, guide it enterprises to strengthen technical reserves, accelerate the breakthrough of key core technologies, and improve the performance, efficiency and security of blockchain
3. Support entrepreneurship and innovation in the field of blockchain
encourage cross-border integration between blockchain enterprises and user units, guide instry organizations to establish public service platforms, support third-party organizations to carry out evaluation and detection of blockchain services, promote rich instrial applications of blockchain, and serve the transformation and upgrading of the real economy
4. Actively build and improve the blockchain standard system
accelerate the development and application of key standards, and graally build a perfect standard system. Actively connect with ITU, ISO and other international standards organizations, substantially participate in more international standardization work, and actively contribute more "Chinese power"
5. Accelerate the improvement of the policy environment for blockchain development
support qualified enterprises to carry out application innovation and mode innovation, and guide and encourage enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes to jointly cultivate professional talents needed for blockchain development. Support eligible blockchain enterprises to enjoy the preferential tax policies of the state to support the development of software instry and small and medium-sized enterprises
the instrial scale is small, but the growth potential is huge
the blockchain economy is on the eve of the outbreak period. The financial instry is relatively widely used, and the application of other instries has also entered the stage of exploration and development. It is estimated that from 2017 to 2022, the direct market value of blockchain will increase from US $410 million to US $7.68 billion, with a compound annual growth rate of 79.6%. It is estimated that all kinds of extended business based on blockchain will reach US $100 billion in 2020
instry application areas continue to expand
the financial instry takes the lead in the application of blockchain technology, and many financial applications have been implemented; Medical instry is an important area of blockchain application, which can better protect privacy, improve service quality and management efficiency; The demand of social authentication for blockchain is rising rapidly to solve the proof problem caused by information asymmetry; The application of blockchain technology in communication, supply chain and other fields is expanding rapidly
Now the price of bitcoin is hovering around $37800. For the price trend of bitcoin in 2019, cailu.com will discuss with you
1. First of all, we know that bitcoin is a virtual digital currency, which is an upgraded proct on the blockchain. At present, the transaction volume of bitcoin is the largest among the digital currencies. In the development of bitcoin, the speed is not very fast, the infrastructure is complete, and there are good regulatory policies. The price in 2019 can be expected
2. The attitude of the regulatory authorities: bitcoin is not protected by law in our country at present. It is a trading proct imported from or abroad. At present, it is still a proct that needs to be investigated in our country. The regulatory authorities should make corresponding policies on how the investigation results are suitable for our domestic transactions, and we can expect the price rise in the later period
3. For investors, to enter the digital money market is to gain profits from this market, but bitcoin is a very risky transaction. In addition, bitcoin has no limit on the rise and fall, and the risk is uncontrollable. According to the 28 law of the investment market, only a few people can make profits
generally speaking, we can look forward to bitcoin in 2019. At present, we can look forward to the $4000 mark. If we can break through it, the price may go up. Of course, we can't know what kind of news will appear in the future. If there is good news, the price of bitcoin will rise in 2019
Invisible bitcoin can not only make people rich or poor overnight, but also bring people worry about their lives
According to Ukrainian media reports quoted by the daily telegraph, on Tuesday (December 26), Pavel Lerner, CEO of the British bitcoin exchange exmo, was kidnapped after leaving his office in Kiev, Ukraine, and dragged into a black galloping car by a group of masked peopleafter the above news came out, a spokesperson of exmo told the daily telegraph that we are doing our best to speed up the search for Lerner and welcome all clues from the outside world. Exmo's business is running as usual and all users' funds are absolutely safe. According to the company's official website, the platform has more than 900000 users
after the kidnapping incident attracted public attention, exmo also announced on official twitter on Thursday that it had been attacked by DDoS (distributed denial of service) with the intention of destroying platform transactions
according to Wall Street reports, at the beginning of this month, when bitcoin rose to more than US $13000, the payment system of nice hash, the world's largest digital currency mining platform, was hacked and bitcoin in users' wallets was stolen. Bitcoin millionaire, a bitcoin information website, has since estimated that as many as 4736 bitcoins were stolen by hackers, with a total value of more than $62 million
interestingly, as a foreign netizen imagined, after the kidnappers received the ransom, if bitcoin continued to appreciate, it would be OK. If bitcoin collapsed before the gloves turned, wouldn't it be a "huge loss"
In fact, this is also the old question in the minds of many investors - how long can bitcoin's investment boom last On December 2, when talking about bitcoin in public activities, pan Gongsheng, vice governor of the people's Bank of China, said that it was a decisive and correct decision for regulators to shut down bitcoin trading platform and stop ICO a few months ago According to BBC news, on December 14, Andrew Bailey, CEO of the financial conct authority (FCA), the UK's top regulator, issued a warning to investors, saying that bitcoin buyers should be ready for "full compensation". Bitcoin lacks the endorsement and support of the government and the central bank, and its risk level is the same as gambling, he saidon Thursday (December 28), the South Korean government announced the countermeasures to combat virtual currency speculation, and considered closing some virtual currency transactions, so as to curb excessive speculation. In addition, the South Korean government has decided to implement the real name system of virtual currency trading and expand the investigation authority of the Fair Trade Commission, the anti-monopoly law enforcement agency
In a statement, the South Korean government said that cryptocurrency speculation in South Korea has gone too far and has become irrational, according to the report. The government can no longer allow abnormal speculation to developthe Indian authorities also issued a warning. On Friday, India's finance ministry warned investors about the risks of cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin, saying digital currency investments look like a Ponzi scheme, Reuters reported. In a statement, India's Ministry of Finance said investors and other participants in digital currency transactions were "entirely at their own risk" and advised that it was best to avoid such investments
but from the perspective of optimists, bitcoin is not as static as gold. As a virtual currency, its software code is constantly developing, and its functions can be constantly adjusted, improved and updated, and its value can be realized in unimaginable ways, such as, Many bitcoin fans are looking forward to bitcoin's "lightning network" (an improved way to facilitate payment). If bitcoin gets more attractive functions in the process of continuous evolution, people can even use it for convenient and fast cross-border payment
according to China Securities Journal, based on the sustainability of bitcoin development, bitcoin supporters believe that even if the market value of cryptocurrency expands to 20 times the current value, the market will not go crazy. However, as far as bitcoin itself is concerned, with more and more new technologies coming out, bitcoin's share in the cryptocurrency market will show a downward trend in the future
Hong shuning, a senior researcher of Suning Institute of financial research, recently wrote an article, imagining two situations of "truly killing bitcoin":first, all bitcoin development teams are conservative and complacent, no longer absorbing the latest scientific and technological achievements to improve themselves, resulting in the emergence of a new digital currency with all aspects of technical indicators exceeding bitcoin, It is widely accepted by the society and then replaces bitcoin. This is the failure of bitcoin, but also the success of virtual digital currency
Second, there are serious loopholes in the bitcoin protocol or wallet software, which lead to the security of the whole bitcoin system can not be guaranteed, a large area of funds are stolen, sold at a low price and uncontrollable in the short term, and the social confidence in bitcoin is completely lost
so. In this world, money is easy to use
Blockchain finance is actually the application of blockchain technology in the financial field
blockchain is an underlying technology based on bitcoin, and its essence is actually a decentralized trust mechanism. Through sharing in distributed nodes to maintain a sustainable database, the security and accuracy of information can be achieved. The application of this technology can solve the trust and security problems in the transaction, and the blockchain technology has become an optional direction for the future upgrading of the financial instry. Through the blockchain, both parties of the transaction can carry out economic activities without the help of the third-party credit intermediary, so as to rece the cost of the global transfer of assets
extended data:
since 2016, the major financial giants have also heard the news and launched blockchain innovation projects one after another to explore the possibility of applying blockchain technology in various financial scenarios. In particular, Puyin group took the lead in creating a "blockchain +" standard digital currency. Standard digital currency refers to the process of assets identification, evaluation, right confirmation and insurance completed by a third party organization. After careful digital algorithm, it is written into the blockchain to form the standard corresponding relationship between assets and digital currency, which is called standard digital currency
in order to realize the great leap forward development of blockchain finance, promote the new development of China's economy, accelerate the global asset circulation, and realize the dream of rejuvenation that has been struggling for generations, Puyin group will hold the Guiyang strategic development ceremony of Puyin blockchain finance in Guizhou on December 9, 2016, at which the discussion on the realization of digital circulation of assets, block chain financial transaction mode, and block chain financial transaction mode will be held It also discusses the application of blockchain service and social public instry
it is reported that with the upsurge of blockchain, the most serious chaos appears in digital currency, and these projects integrate the concept of blockchain and financial knowledge
first of all, PS technology is used to package the MLM leaders into the cover characters of various magazines. (if you look at the connection of the pictures carefully, there is no depression on the sofa). With this virtual gimmick, the blockchain digital currency came back
extended information:
AMBC is the "non China mining investment fund"
the actual controller of the "non China mining investment fund" is Sun Peng, who was born in Tai'an City, Shandong Province. Sun PENGYUAN was the principal of Taian Jincheng Taishan Jasper Instry Co., Ltd. and a member of the second Taian CPPCC Committee. However, Sun Peng started to organize and plan MLM activities as early as ten years ago
according to the open judgment of Jinan Intermediate People's court in Shandong Province, Sun Peng established Taishan jade company on May 26, 2011 to engage in the research, development, design and sales of Taishan jade
source of reference: harmonious Shaanxi Network - African AMBC international instrial group company's countdown to listing
In recent years, financial fraud, accountant audit failure and other risk events occur from time to time in the capital market, which brings legal risk and reputation risk to commercial banks, and has attracted the attention of the leaders of the State Council
on December 18, the "bank letter blockchain service platform" was officially released, which was launched by China Banking Association and China Institute of certified public accountants to actively implement the document requirements of the notice on further standardizing the work of bank letter and reply letter, study and promote the digital construction of letter, and improve the standardization level of letter business
"we hope that the future bank letter blockchain service platform can play a role in preventing and resolving risks, promote the improvement of letter quality and efficiency, strive to build a demonstration digital platform with high security, strong public welfare, convenience and efficiency, and make e contributions to improving the construction of social credit system and strengthening financial services for the real economy." Liu Fushou, chief lawyer of CIRC, said at the press conference
Pan Guangwei, full-time vice president of China Banking Association, said that in the future, China Banking Association will work with relevant institutions to promote the transformation and upgrading of letter business towards the direction of intensive operation and management, electronic path, standardized business process and refined data governance, improve the quality of accounting information and audit, promote the construction of social credit system and help the high-quality development of banking instry
three core advantages
bank letter and reply are the process in which the certified public accountant, after obtaining the authorization of the audited unit, directly sends the confirmation letter to the banking financial institutions, inquires about the authenticity of the audited unit's bank deposit, bank loan, guarantee, financial management and other information, and the bank inquires, checks the relevant information and provides the reply
According to pan Guangwei, letter confirmation is one of the core proceres of independent audit, which is crucial to identify errors and frauds in financial statements. For the whole financial market, letter work is related to the quality and efficiency of audit work, the quality of accounting information and the authenticity of capital market data, which is very important to prevent financial risks
"the bank letter blockchain service platform adheres to the construction concept of authority, fairness and public welfare, follows the principles of marketization, openness and graalness, and graally promotes the transformation and development of bank letter to the direction of intensification, electronization, standardization and refinement, with three core advantages." Pan Guangwei said
one is platform target location. The platform has changed the offline decentralized letter reply mode to online centralized processing, which can complete the whole process of bank letter application, authorization, sending and reply online, speed up the letter processing efficiency, effectively solve various disadvantages of traditional paper letter mode, rece the degree of manual intervention of accounting firms, banks, audited units and other related parties, and enhance risk control, Rece the risk of data error and fraud
Second, in terms of platform security. The platform only retains the information of the letter transmission process, not the letter data information, and pays attention to the information isolation and confidentiality, so as to ensure the data security of banks and offices. The platform has a financial level security protection environment, which can realize 7 * 24-hour system safe operation
The third is the platform technical support. The platform chooses "ICBC Xi chain" as the underlying blockchain technology. ICBC Xi chain not only has significant technical advantages, but also has completely independent intellectual property rights. It has passed the authoritative certification of trusted blockchain of MIIT, and has many mature application projects100 banks have applied for access
at the press conference, pan Guangwei also said that after confirming that the bank letter platform takes blockchain as the underlying technology, the working group has carried out on-site communication with a number of technology companies with blockchain technology and scene application one by one. After experts' evaluation, the blockchain technology is selected to be independent and controllable, safe and reliable, and the business connection and scene application are improved ICBC technology, which has more advantages in later operation and maintenance, is the project contractor
it is understood that as the underlying blockchain technology, "ICBC Xi chain" participated in the trusted blockchain evaluation of China Academy of information technology in 2019 and 2020, and passed five technical evaluations of function, baas, performance, security and password with 100% passing rate. It is the first blockchain proct in the financial instry to be certified by an official authoritative evaluation institution
"with the strong support of instrial and Commercial Bank of China and instrial and Commercial Bank of China technology, the system development work was officially completed on October 26, and joint debugging and testing work was being carried out with a number of banks and accounting firms. At present, 100 banks and dozens of accounting firms have clearly signed up to apply for access to the platform. We will actively connect with banks and accounting firms to be connected to the platform, and provide solutions and training according to the needs of all parties. " Pan Guangwei said
Zhang Wenwu, vice president of ICBC, said at the press conference that ICBC has always paid attention to the quality of bank letter work, and ICBC technology company has further innovated and improved on the basis of ICBC's original letter e-letter, spared no effort in platform construction, and realized the platform's proction and online on schele“ The signing of the cooperation agreement will be taken as an opportunity for the first batch of banks to actively cooperate with the construction of the platform, promote the interconnection between e-letter and the platform, and fully support the use of the platform through the practice of centralized letter and certificate at the bank end. "
At the press conference, Liu Fushou also said that it is necessary to promote the construction of the letter certification platform in a safe and orderly manner, adhere to the principle of safety, prudence and risk control, adhere to the principle of pilot first and steady progress, and adhere to dynamic adjustment and continuous improvementBlockchain is a kind of network with data; Hash Verification & quot; The purpose of the functional database is to verify the effectiveness of information, which is generally applicable to finance, insurance, public welfare, public services, mobile communications and other fields. Therefore, in recent years, many criminals have focused on the blockchain for online gambling to seek huge benefits. In January 15, 2021, the Jianhu police in Yancheng successfully cracked the first case of gambling in the country using block chain contract technology, and arrested 11 suspects, and the number of gamblers reached as high as 7.3 million. The funds involved were as high as 8 billion yuan , involving 17 countries and regions. p> In October 2020, Jianhu police received a clue that there was a new one on the public chain of grapefruit coin called & lt; Biggame” Grapefruit is a digital currency issued by foreign organizations, which is allowed to be used in public blockchain. There are more than 10000 people participating in this gambling app every day, and the daily bet amount is more than 10 million yuan. The way to participate in gambling is our common fruit machine, Red Black War and so on
have you ever been led to participate in virtual currency gambling
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