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The great Magellanic nebula is about 180000 light-years away, the Magellanic nebula is 210000 light-years away, and the bright star on the lower left is the base of the ship α Old man star, a resident of the galaxy, is only 310 light-years away. Both big and small clouds are in the southern half of the sky, and the sphere is about 20 meters away from the southern pole ° Right and left. Located at the junction of the two constellations, Xiphophorus and Yamagata, the cloud spans the two constellations and occupies 8 °× seven ° The area of the sky is equivalent to the apparent area of more than 200 full moons. The wheat cloud is located in Rhododendron, occupying 4 °× two ° It's the area of 30 full moons. The distance between the barley cloud and the wheat cloud is about 20 meters ° In the southern hemisphere, the big and small wheat clouds hang high near the zenith of the southern sky all the year round. They never fall below the horizon. As we see in the northern hemisphere, the Big Dipper will never fall below the horizon. They are a pair of treasures of Nantian. Unfortunately, most of the northern hemisphere can't see them. In the Spratly Islands area of China, they are only found near the southern horizon.
the Magellanic nebula is a small and irregular galaxy. It is a satellite galaxy of the Milky way and orbits around the Milky way once every 1.5 billion years. Because it has no standard fixed shape, the Magellan Nebula has become the most controversial object in the southern hemisphere, even the most imaginative object. Some astronomers say that the Magellanic Nebula seems to interact with dark matter in the universe to form a galaxy bend
what is galactic curvature? I think this is more difficult to explain. To put it simply, the operation of nearby nebulae may have an impact on our galaxy, just like the agitation of the other end of the carpet, which can cause a wave like shape distortion. At present, the Galactic silver plate has become a bowl
apart from the rosy Keyhole Nebula and the shining Southern Cross, the most famous celestial bodies in the southern hemisphere belong to the large and Small Magellanic galaxies. The Milky way is not visible in the Chinese mainland. These two celestial bodies are the galaxy of the galaxy. Like M32, NGC205, next to the M31, is a small galaxy near the big galaxy. LMC is 160000 light-years away from the earth, and SMC is 190000 light-years away from the earth
when German Amateur Astronomer Tonghao came to Australia to observe stars, he mistook LMC and SMC for two "clouds" in the sky. How can the wind not blow away? It was a joke. Ngc104 next to SMC is another good object to watch, and the spider Nebula next to LMC should not be missed
like our Milky way, Magellanic Clouds also include gas and stars. Barley cloud belongs to the dwarf spiral galaxy or irregular galaxy, and its mass is 1 / 20 of that of the Milky way. Wheat cloud is an irregular galaxy or an irregular rod dwarf galaxy with only 1 / 100 of the mass of the Milky way. There are abundant gases in magellanic clouds; The mass of neutral hydrogen is 9% and 32% of their total mass respectively, which is much larger than that of the Milky way. This suggests that they are less evolved than the Milky way. Their interstellar st content is less than that in the Milky way, while the young group I has a large number of objects, with a large number of high luminosity O-B stars; In addition, new stars, supernova remnants and X-ray binaries have been observed. For example, a supernova (SN 1987A) in the Large Magellanic Cloud was discovered on February 23, 1987. Its maximum brightness is 250 million times that of the sun. It is considered to be the brightest supernova in 383 years. Magellanic Clouds orbit the Milky way once every 1.5 billion years. Every time it gets closer to the Milky way, its stars and gases will change under the gravity of the Milky way. The Magellanic Cloud has now been torn apart and its stars will become part of the Milky way. The big magellanic cloud will eventually be the same fate
the large and Small Magellanic nebulae are the closest neighbors to the Milky Way galaxy. For hundreds of years, these two nebulae have been considered as companion galaxies of the Milky way. But a new study by Harvard astrophysicist gurtina besla and his colleagues shows that the Magellanic Cloud is a recent arrival and the first visitor to the galaxy
the two nebulae are not only irregular in appearance, but also like volcanic clouds. The Large Magellanic nebula is 160000 light-years away from the earth, and its diameter is about 1 / 20 of that of the Milky way; The Magellanic nebula is 200000 light-years away from earth and is only a few hundredths the size of the Milky way
many years ago, astronauts claimed that the three-dimensional velocity field of the Magellanic Nebula passing through the Milky way is much larger than before. There are two explanations for this phenomenon: 1) the Milky way is much larger than before; 2) the Magellanic nebula is not constrained by the gravity field of the Milky way. But further research by besla and his colleagues confirms the second view, and they claim that the Magellanic Nebula passed through the Milky way for the first time
however, such observations are still questionable. Because if we take the Milky way as the reference plane, the warping depth can reach 10000 light-years up and down. But these two nebulae only arrived once a billion or three billion years ago, so their gravity tides are unlikely to cause such warping. Faced with such a situation, besla said: "we still have a lot of unsolved mysteries. When an answer appears, there may be more problems."

In the 10th century, when Arabs and Portuguese sailed to the south of the equator in the 15th century, they noticed these two cloud like objects in the southern sky, which were called "Cape of good hope clouds". Portuguese navigator Magellan first described them accurately when he sailed around the world in 1521, and later named them after him. The big cloud is called the big Magellanic nebula, or LMC for short; The small cloud is called wheat cloud (SMC); Collectively known as Magellanic Cloud. In 1912, American astronomer Leavitt discovered the relationship between the circumference of the Cepheid variable of the wheat cloud. Herzpolon and Shapley then determined the distance of the wheat cloud, becoming the first confirmed extragalactic galaxy. The distance of big wheat cloud is 160000 light years, and that of wheat cloud is 190000 light years. They are 50000 light years apart in space. Large and small clouds are among the most recent galaxies, which enables us to analyze their member celestial bodies carefully. Therefore, they are important astronomical observation objects and important sources of galactic astrophysical data