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Crowdfunding blockchain crowdfunding platform
Publish: 2021-03-23 13:02:36
1. Ethereum, ETH for short. At the end of 2013, vitalik released the white paper of Ethereum, and in July 2014, the pre-sale of Ethereum began. At that time, insiders called this kind of token issue "crowdfunding". Through the 42 day pre-sale, the Ethereum team raised more than 30000 bitcoins through the pre-sale of 60102216 Ethernet coins; In addition, the early contributors who participated in the development before the pre-sale and the developers who have been engaged in project research for a long time are allocated according to 9.9% of the total amount of Ethernet coins sold at that time. So when Ethereum was officially released, there were more than 72 million Ethereum coins. After the end of Ethereum's pre-sale, it uses the proof of work mechanism POW for mining, and rewards the miners according to 26% of the total amount issued at that time every year. In October 2014, Ethereum reced the block output time from 60 seconds to 12 seconds, and now it is basically stable at 15 seconds, with 5 etheric coins awarded for each block
although the pow mining mechanism is adopted, the block out mechanism of Ethereum is different from that of bitcoin. Due to the short block time of Ethereum, Ethereum is easy to form isolated blocks. Isolated blocks refer to the blocks that are not on the longest chain. Bitcoin's isolated blocks have no block rewards, but in Ethereum, isolated blocks can be referenced. The referenced isolated blocks are called "Uncle blocks", and their packaged data will also be recorded in the blockchain. Unlike bitcoin, Ethereum's TERT block has a reward, and each TERT block can get a reward of 4.375 Ethernet coins at most
Ethereum is a programmable and Turing complete blockchain development platform, which is equivalent to a decentralized global computer. In a programming system, there are usually some virtual machines to compile and execute. Java has JVM. In Ethereum, there is also Ethereum's virtual machine EVM, which can execute any complex algorithm code. Developers can use existing programming languages such as JavaScript or Python to create their own applications on Ethereum. Through Ethereum's virtual machine, you can easily issue digital assets, write smart contracts, set up and run decentralized applications, and set up decentralized autonomous organizations
eth is also known as the internal fuel of Ethereum. Unlike currency digital assets, Ethereum is not only used for transfer, but also for payment of smart contracts
in order to prevent the Ethereum blockchain from being full of junk contracts and junk applications, and to establish and run smart contracts on Ethereum, you must use eth to pay for smart contracts. For example, when you transfer your newly created digital assets on the Ethereum blockchain, you need to use eth to pay the handling fee instead of your newly created digital assets.
although the pow mining mechanism is adopted, the block out mechanism of Ethereum is different from that of bitcoin. Due to the short block time of Ethereum, Ethereum is easy to form isolated blocks. Isolated blocks refer to the blocks that are not on the longest chain. Bitcoin's isolated blocks have no block rewards, but in Ethereum, isolated blocks can be referenced. The referenced isolated blocks are called "Uncle blocks", and their packaged data will also be recorded in the blockchain. Unlike bitcoin, Ethereum's TERT block has a reward, and each TERT block can get a reward of 4.375 Ethernet coins at most
Ethereum is a programmable and Turing complete blockchain development platform, which is equivalent to a decentralized global computer. In a programming system, there are usually some virtual machines to compile and execute. Java has JVM. In Ethereum, there is also Ethereum's virtual machine EVM, which can execute any complex algorithm code. Developers can use existing programming languages such as JavaScript or Python to create their own applications on Ethereum. Through Ethereum's virtual machine, you can easily issue digital assets, write smart contracts, set up and run decentralized applications, and set up decentralized autonomous organizations
eth is also known as the internal fuel of Ethereum. Unlike currency digital assets, Ethereum is not only used for transfer, but also for payment of smart contracts
in order to prevent the Ethereum blockchain from being full of junk contracts and junk applications, and to establish and run smart contracts on Ethereum, you must use eth to pay for smart contracts. For example, when you transfer your newly created digital assets on the Ethereum blockchain, you need to use eth to pay the handling fee instead of your newly created digital assets.
2. Now let's talk about the feasibility of blockchain equity crowdfunding in China. As we all know, as far as China is concerned, companies fall into two categories: joint stock companies and limited companies
joint stock companies are divided into "listed companies" and "unlisted companies". The shares of a listed company are registered in China securities registration and Clearing Corporation, so its behavior of issuing shares or trading shares is regulated by the CSRC. Here, we don't want to explain more; The shares issued by non listed companies do not need to be registered by any institution, and can be confirmed by issuing shares and maintaining the register of shareholders. Of course, many of them are registered through third-party institutions such as the instrial and commercial department or China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation, and use the local share custody center to provide third-party registration services for publicity. Moreover, when the company's equity changes, it is necessary to manually process paper equity certificates, option issuance and convertible notes. In this way, the company's stock rights can be changed, The maintenance of the register of shareholders will become very complicated, and the tracking and maintenance of transactions will become more difficult to trace with more and more transactions
if the techshares blockchain technology is used for equity crowdfunding, all the above problems can be perfectly solved. The blockchain account book is safe and transparent, and can not be tampered with. It is also easy to track, and can record the company's equity and its change history at any time
convenience of equity transfer and circulation
for equity crowdfunding, equity circulation is an important part of business, which can stimulate the activity of users and promote more registration and issuance. The traditional OTC over-the-counter equity trading is based on the credit of both sides of the transaction, and the two sides of the transaction bear the credit risk on their own. The transaction can only be carried out after the establishment of bilateral credit, and the trading platform bears the credit risk of market traders
techshares blockchain technology can rece the credit risk of transactions. In essence, it decentralizes the third party that provides credibility to a more thorough extent, that is, it is no longer limited to specific third party entities, but relies on all participants to jointly maintain a set of registration system. On the one hand, blockchain gives the right to record to the company itself, reflecting the spirit of autonomy; On the other hand, it can also ensure the openness, transparency and authenticity of information records, and minimize rights disputes. The ownership of equity is registered in the blockchain, and the equity transaction must be signed by the owner's private key to be verified; After the transaction is confirmed, the change of equity will also be recorded in the blockchain, so as to protect the interests of both parties
how to ensure safety
as an investor, the most worrying problem is the safety of funds. Traditional equity crowdfunding often has the problem of "double flowers" (Note: double flowers - Double expenses, that is, the only share is repeatedly transferred to two people). Until the electronic data is comprehensive, the central clearing agency ensures that the whole system can be leveled after trading. But the risk is often borne by the platform. Unlike traditional floor trading, equity crowdfunding business is carried out by many independent companies. Therefore, these trading activities are scattered on various platforms. With the techshares blockchain technology, the decentralized trust constructed by the blockchain can ensure the normal operation of the system and business without the need for mutual trust. Everyone becomes a node in the blockchain, with their own public key and private key, participating in rapid transaction verification and accounting. Moreover, in the initial stage of equity crowdfunding, the sponsors, crowdfunding platforms, investors and sponsors jointly sign a crowdfunding contract to agree on their respective responsibilities and obligations. The contract can be stored in the blockchain in the form of a smart contract, and the blockchain ensures that the contract cannot be tampered with ring the performance. In this way, there is no need to worry about safe space
it has strong expansibility, reasonable and legal
blockchain equity crowdfunding is composed of three-tier structure, and the bottom layer is blockchain network, which constructs a decentralized trust distributed system; The middle layer is the combination of business logic and blockchain to jointly establish account center, equity registration, equity voucher, equity transaction, equity management and other functions; The top layer is the crowdfunding platform for customer-oriented business, and the business of the platform can be extended to various fields and instries in theory
with techshares' blockchain technology, decentralized trust can be realized by building P2P self-organizing network, orderly and tamperable cryptography account book and distributed consensus mechanism. In addition, no matter the company law, the regulations on the administration of company registration or other laws and regulations, there are no specific restrictions on the form of expression of the register of shareholders maintained by the company itself. The company can choose to create and maintain the register of shareholders in any form with written records, not limited to specific carriers. Therefore, it is entirely reasonable and legal to use techshares as a carrier for equity crowdfunding on the blockchain. Once it is voluntarily chosen by the company, it can provide legal and effective proof for the company's equity (shares).
joint stock companies are divided into "listed companies" and "unlisted companies". The shares of a listed company are registered in China securities registration and Clearing Corporation, so its behavior of issuing shares or trading shares is regulated by the CSRC. Here, we don't want to explain more; The shares issued by non listed companies do not need to be registered by any institution, and can be confirmed by issuing shares and maintaining the register of shareholders. Of course, many of them are registered through third-party institutions such as the instrial and commercial department or China Securities Depository and Clearing Corporation, and use the local share custody center to provide third-party registration services for publicity. Moreover, when the company's equity changes, it is necessary to manually process paper equity certificates, option issuance and convertible notes. In this way, the company's stock rights can be changed, The maintenance of the register of shareholders will become very complicated, and the tracking and maintenance of transactions will become more difficult to trace with more and more transactions
if the techshares blockchain technology is used for equity crowdfunding, all the above problems can be perfectly solved. The blockchain account book is safe and transparent, and can not be tampered with. It is also easy to track, and can record the company's equity and its change history at any time
convenience of equity transfer and circulation
for equity crowdfunding, equity circulation is an important part of business, which can stimulate the activity of users and promote more registration and issuance. The traditional OTC over-the-counter equity trading is based on the credit of both sides of the transaction, and the two sides of the transaction bear the credit risk on their own. The transaction can only be carried out after the establishment of bilateral credit, and the trading platform bears the credit risk of market traders
techshares blockchain technology can rece the credit risk of transactions. In essence, it decentralizes the third party that provides credibility to a more thorough extent, that is, it is no longer limited to specific third party entities, but relies on all participants to jointly maintain a set of registration system. On the one hand, blockchain gives the right to record to the company itself, reflecting the spirit of autonomy; On the other hand, it can also ensure the openness, transparency and authenticity of information records, and minimize rights disputes. The ownership of equity is registered in the blockchain, and the equity transaction must be signed by the owner's private key to be verified; After the transaction is confirmed, the change of equity will also be recorded in the blockchain, so as to protect the interests of both parties
how to ensure safety
as an investor, the most worrying problem is the safety of funds. Traditional equity crowdfunding often has the problem of "double flowers" (Note: double flowers - Double expenses, that is, the only share is repeatedly transferred to two people). Until the electronic data is comprehensive, the central clearing agency ensures that the whole system can be leveled after trading. But the risk is often borne by the platform. Unlike traditional floor trading, equity crowdfunding business is carried out by many independent companies. Therefore, these trading activities are scattered on various platforms. With the techshares blockchain technology, the decentralized trust constructed by the blockchain can ensure the normal operation of the system and business without the need for mutual trust. Everyone becomes a node in the blockchain, with their own public key and private key, participating in rapid transaction verification and accounting. Moreover, in the initial stage of equity crowdfunding, the sponsors, crowdfunding platforms, investors and sponsors jointly sign a crowdfunding contract to agree on their respective responsibilities and obligations. The contract can be stored in the blockchain in the form of a smart contract, and the blockchain ensures that the contract cannot be tampered with ring the performance. In this way, there is no need to worry about safe space
it has strong expansibility, reasonable and legal
blockchain equity crowdfunding is composed of three-tier structure, and the bottom layer is blockchain network, which constructs a decentralized trust distributed system; The middle layer is the combination of business logic and blockchain to jointly establish account center, equity registration, equity voucher, equity transaction, equity management and other functions; The top layer is the crowdfunding platform for customer-oriented business, and the business of the platform can be extended to various fields and instries in theory
with techshares' blockchain technology, decentralized trust can be realized by building P2P self-organizing network, orderly and tamperable cryptography account book and distributed consensus mechanism. In addition, no matter the company law, the regulations on the administration of company registration or other laws and regulations, there are no specific restrictions on the form of expression of the register of shareholders maintained by the company itself. The company can choose to create and maintain the register of shareholders in any form with written records, not limited to specific carriers. Therefore, it is entirely reasonable and legal to use techshares as a carrier for equity crowdfunding on the blockchain. Once it is voluntarily chosen by the company, it can provide legal and effective proof for the company's equity (shares).
3. ICO is a blockchain instry term, full name of initial crypto token offering, which refers to financing by issuing tokens. Because many blockchain projects can issue encrypted tokens to represent some of their project's revenue rights, shares or use rights, they can issue corresponding tokens according to the amount proportion of users, and these tokens can soon be traded in some digital currency exchanges. You can pay attention to the block chain pencil, which should help you understand the instry.
4. Any crowdfunding project is a very high risk investment proct
the blockchain project crowdfunding platform is essentially the same as the traditional equity crowdfunding platform
it can be said that blockchain project crowdfunding is a subcategory of equity crowdfunding
equity crowdfunding is limited by laws and regulations, which limits the number of investors and the amount of investment. At the same time, investors need to be audited. The participation cost and threshold of ordinary people are relatively high, and the target group is high net worth people
the liquidity of equity crowdfunding is poor, and it often takes a long time to exit, and even most of the projects invested in are like drifting away
blockchain crowdfunding is a bit similar to national crowdfunding, because its crowdfunding funds are settled in bitcoin and there are no laws and regulations. Therefore, there are not too many requirements for the number of people and the amount of investment. The investment cost is low, but the threshold is relatively high
because blockchain projects are based on the underlying technology of bitcoin, it is difficult for ordinary people to understand them. In fact, they can be simply regarded as a technical way of distributed collaborative work
the success of blockchain projects in the market is relatively few, so there is no unified reference standard, and the project depends entirely on personal judgment. Settlement is concted in bitcoin, so if you need to participate, your requirement is to accept the high risk threshold of digital currency There are many projects that cheat money)
blockchain crowdfunding has good liquidity. After the emergence of the so-called "token", it can be completely traded out, and the fluctuation risk is also very high
of course, as a technology being studied by the central bank, the blockchain project is worthy of attention, but it also needs to be cautious. As for the ico365 platform, it is recommended that indivials examine their own judgment. There is no evaluation basis for the new platform.
the blockchain project crowdfunding platform is essentially the same as the traditional equity crowdfunding platform
it can be said that blockchain project crowdfunding is a subcategory of equity crowdfunding
equity crowdfunding is limited by laws and regulations, which limits the number of investors and the amount of investment. At the same time, investors need to be audited. The participation cost and threshold of ordinary people are relatively high, and the target group is high net worth people
the liquidity of equity crowdfunding is poor, and it often takes a long time to exit, and even most of the projects invested in are like drifting away
blockchain crowdfunding is a bit similar to national crowdfunding, because its crowdfunding funds are settled in bitcoin and there are no laws and regulations. Therefore, there are not too many requirements for the number of people and the amount of investment. The investment cost is low, but the threshold is relatively high
because blockchain projects are based on the underlying technology of bitcoin, it is difficult for ordinary people to understand them. In fact, they can be simply regarded as a technical way of distributed collaborative work
the success of blockchain projects in the market is relatively few, so there is no unified reference standard, and the project depends entirely on personal judgment. Settlement is concted in bitcoin, so if you need to participate, your requirement is to accept the high risk threshold of digital currency There are many projects that cheat money)
blockchain crowdfunding has good liquidity. After the emergence of the so-called "token", it can be completely traded out, and the fluctuation risk is also very high
of course, as a technology being studied by the central bank, the blockchain project is worthy of attention, but it also needs to be cautious. As for the ico365 platform, it is recommended that indivials examine their own judgment. There is no evaluation basis for the new platform.
5. "Coin profit China" digital asset trading platform is committed to the practical application of blockchain technology. Digital design of various assets such as equity and usufruct assets, debt assets, proct crowdfunding, and consumer crowdfunding, as well as subsequent value-added and value realization, are the focus and research fields of "coin profit China", First of all, the platform focuses on the vast number of small and micro enterprises and entrepreneurial groups as well as the emerging "middle class" in the "general" word, and makes full use of the principle of equality among the participating nodes in the blockchain technology in the "Hui" word, so as to achieve the goal of public governance and sharing, completely change the current business chaos of "too much information, too little trust", and reconstruct the business trust system with blockchain technology.
6. Eurocrowdfunding is a blockchain project and a crowdfunding platform based on blockchain technology. Blockchain + crowdfunding is also a development model in the future. In theory, blockchain can subvert the existing instries, but the ideal is full, the reality is backbone, and there are not many mature blockchain projects
European crowdfunding is only in a groping stage, just like bitcoin, it can be regarded as an experimental proct. The innovation of European crowdfunding lies in the use of blockchain technology to combine digital currency with real assets, and turn real assets into digital assets, which appears in the form of digital currency.
European crowdfunding is only in a groping stage, just like bitcoin, it can be regarded as an experimental proct. The innovation of European crowdfunding lies in the use of blockchain technology to combine digital currency with real assets, and turn real assets into digital assets, which appears in the form of digital currency.
7. Blockchain + film and television project financing enables users to realize their dream of personally supporting their favorite movie stars or directors on the blockchain, also solves the financial problem of the procers and distributors, and at the same time locks in a part of the audience for the film in advance to ensure a part of the box office. Through the blockchain, the separation of the right to use and the right to control the film and television is truly realized. The ownership of the film and television, that is, the right to control the film and television belongs to the procer, and the right to use and the property right of the film and television belong to the majority of early participants. This idea sounds very similar to the previous film and television crowdfunding, but the fundamental difference is that the accuracy of film and television instry chain crowdfunding will be greatly improved under the blockchain technology. Hunan souyun technology, together with Hengdian, Jiangsu and other major cultural exchanges, has launched a public service platform for movie blockchain. Blockchain brings a new solution for film and television crowdfunding. It can rely on smart contract + Distributed Accounting + tradable token, so that the value of digital divided film and television procts can be safely stored and traded, and the film and television purchase certificate can be circulated, Turn data into asset flow.
8. Yuanying China is a digital currency crowdfunding and digital currency trading platform
coin China is the first e-commerce platform based on blockchain technology under coin network, which completely subverts the current bad practices of a large number of virtual currency trading platforms at home and abroad, such as "making money out of thin air", "blindly speculation" and "following suit speculation", and creates all new digital assets supported by real assets and services, We should establish and improve a rigorous risk assessment and audit system, implement a complete membership system, establish a qualified investor system in high-risk special areas, improve a safe and reasonable exit mechanism, and set up a fintech college.
coin China is the first e-commerce platform based on blockchain technology under coin network, which completely subverts the current bad practices of a large number of virtual currency trading platforms at home and abroad, such as "making money out of thin air", "blindly speculation" and "following suit speculation", and creates all new digital assets supported by real assets and services, We should establish and improve a rigorous risk assessment and audit system, implement a complete membership system, establish a qualified investor system in high-risk special areas, improve a safe and reasonable exit mechanism, and set up a fintech college.
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