Introduction textbook of Xiaobai in bitcoin core Wallet
Publish: 2021-03-28 08:15:01
1. Xiao is advised not to play bitcoin. The main reason is that bitcoin does not support trading in China at present. Bitcoin fluctuates a lot at present, and the trading market is not very standardized. All these are great risks. Bitcoin trading requires strong professional knowledge, which makes it difficult to grasp the follow-up operation. It is difficult to judge the future development prospect of bitcoin. I suggest that it's better to focus on the fields you are familiar with. You should believe that there are many opportunities to make money. There is no need to invest in the fields you are not good at.
2. Bitcoin core is an official client used to manage the private key of bitcoin. Having the private key of the bitcoin address means having the control right of the corresponding bitcoin. Once the private key is lost, it cannot be recovered. Therefore, it is very important to back up the wallet
the wallet file of the wallet client is the database for storing the private key of bitcoin. Both the private key and the public key are stored in the wallet.dat file of the bitcoin wallet. Keeping wallet files securely in multiple locations prevents bitcoin from being recovered in the event of an accident
wallet file location
Windows XP - C: & # 92; Documents and Settings\{ username}\ Application Data\ Bitcoin\ wallet.dat
Windows 7/8 - C:\ Users\{ username}\ AppData\ Roaming\ Bitcoin\ Wallet. Dat
Mac OS X ~ / library / Application Support / bitcoin / wallet. Dat
linux ~ /. Bitcoin / wallet. Dat
the above is the default wallet directory of bitcoin core client. If the data directory is specially set, you can search the keyword "wallet. Dat" through windows to the wallet. Dat
my address:
the wallet file of the wallet client is the database for storing the private key of bitcoin. Both the private key and the public key are stored in the wallet.dat file of the bitcoin wallet. Keeping wallet files securely in multiple locations prevents bitcoin from being recovered in the event of an accident
wallet file location
Windows XP - C: & # 92; Documents and Settings\{ username}\ Application Data\ Bitcoin\ wallet.dat
Windows 7/8 - C:\ Users\{ username}\ AppData\ Roaming\ Bitcoin\ Wallet. Dat
Mac OS X ~ / library / Application Support / bitcoin / wallet. Dat
linux ~ /. Bitcoin / wallet. Dat
the above is the default wallet directory of bitcoin core client. If the data directory is specially set, you can search the keyword "wallet. Dat" through windows to the wallet. Dat
my address:
3. Beware of pyramid schemes. Many virtual currencies are pyramid schemes. It's better to know whether the virtual currency you want to invest is pyramid schemes
4. Go to bitcoin news network to see more bitcoin news, as well as market and technology
the birth of bitcoin
the birth of bitcoin should be on November 1, 2008. A man with the pseudonym of "Nakamoto Tsung" published a paper on the Internet. In this paper, he described in detail a new monetary system, which he named "bitcoin"
then, on January 3 of the next year, the first bitcoin program was born in the hands of Nakamoto Tsung, along with the first 50 bitcoins from mining. After that, he began to fade out until he disappeared completely
so far, people have not found out the real identity of this person, even if today's operators, Internet giants and the government have firmly grasped people's behavior on the Internet
he often switches between American and British English when he speaks. He goes online at different times of the day at random to hide his nationality and time zone; He hides his IP address, encrypts his email, and deliberately forges some writing and speaking styles to confuse the public; Besides, he is also an expert in cryptography. By the way, the place where he published his paper is called & quot; Cryptography mailing list & quot
so bitcoin was born with a hacker spirit: against the censorship imposed by any force
of course, we can also see that if a hacker who invented the anonymous currency system can't be anonymous, the whole thing will become a joke< But fortunately, Nakamoto didn't let us down
1. What is currency
I find that I can't run this section in any case to clarify what is bitcoin. I am not an expert in the field of economics. I can only talk about this issue in a very superficial and intuitive sense However, as far as the theme expressed in the title is concerned, it seems to be enough)
it has been mentioned in senior high school textbooks (remember?), Money is the medium to store value. If a thing wants to become money, it must meet the following requirements:
1) scarcity
that's why gold can be used and sand can't be used as money. Scarcity can be understood as the difficulty of obtaining it. The more scarce it is, the more difficult it is to obtain it. An intuitive understanding is as follows: assuming that your monthly salary is 5000 yuan, it means that the scarcity of RMB is just such a degree, that is, you have to pay a month's labor to get 5000 yuan. You won't agree to pay your salary with 5000 grains of sand, because instead of working for a month to get it, you can easily get it by walking around the beach
how does the current financial system guarantee the scarcity of money? Control distribution. The issue of money is firmly in the hands of the central bank, so that the amount of money can be controlled (so you now know that it is illegal to print money without permission). Back to the example just now, you agree to pay you a month's salary with 5000 yuan because the circulation of RMB has just reached this level. If the circulation of RMB doubles and the scarcity decreases, you should ask for 10000 yuan to pay your salary (but the response of the market is often not so fast. During this period, your wealth is actually deprived - your labor should have received 10000 yuan, but only 5000 yuan in return)
2) transactional
of course, the purpose of currency is to trade. As many people tell you, money is spent, not brought into the coffin. So in addition to meeting scarcity, the more convenient it is for a thing to trade, the more it meets the standard of ideal currency. Therefore, in the history of currency, silver dollar has replaced shells, paper money has replaced silver dollar, and digital currency is graally replacing paper money
the "transaction" here refers to the transfer of property from one party to the other, that is, the decrease of one party's property and the corresponding increase of the other party. For physical currency, it happens very naturally. A wants to give 100 yuan to B. when the 100 yuan note is transferred from a's hand to B's hand, the transaction is completed. A's property is reced by 100 yuan and B's property is increased by 100 yuan. There is no third party involved in this process, which is completely a private act between a and B; However, when the transaction takes place at the level of digital currency, it is not so simple. Party A has to give 100 yuan to Party B. how can we ensure that the transaction is completed? Suppose that a and B record their wealth on their respective computers, how can we ensure that when B adds 100 yuan to them, a actually subtracts 100 yuan from them? Now we have to bring in a third party - the guy we call the bank. When a wants to transfer 100 yuan to B, he doesn't directly give it to B, but to the bank, "please transfer my 100 yuan to B", so the bank dected 100 yuan from a's account and added 100 yuan to B's account Let's assume that it generously does not charge any transaction fee)
the above is a rough model of modern monetary system. The biggest disadvantage of this model is that people have to trust a central system
the transaction of digital currency must rely on the bank, and a person's bank account number may be censored, restricted or even deprived. When one party wants to transfer his wealth to the other party, the bank can charge a high fee or refuse directly (for example, you try to remit a sum of money to a relative in the United States)
the issuance of money must rely on the central bank. Well, it's a well-known secret: the currency has been devaluing, or over issuing (think of the $100 20 years ago and the $100 now). I quote two paragraphs, one of which is Keynes's saying, "through a continuous process of inflation, the government can confiscate a part of citizens' wealth secretly and unknowingly. In this way, we can deprive the people of their wealth at will, while making the majority poor, we can make the minority rich, Another paragraph, from Hayek, "the government can not restrain the impulse to issue money indiscriminately."
is it possible to design a monetary system in which we do not need a central institution and are not forced to trust any third party, so as to make the issuance of currency transparent and controllable, and the transaction of currency private and secure
guess what
2. What is bitcoin
so we can now answer that bitcoin is an e-money system with decentralized distribution and transaction. In this system, the circulation of money is transparent and predictable, and the transaction of money uses the cooperation of the whole network to ensure the security of the transaction
next, I will graally dismantle the principle of bitcoin. It should be noted that bitcoin, as a proct already in use, has a lot of details. The purpose of this article is to explain the basic principles of bitcoin to readers without technical background, so these details will not be covered. For example, the address of the wallet is not the public key, but the second hash value of the public key; The difficulty requirement of blockchain is not to hash all the contents of blockchain once; wait. But for the sake of brevity, without affecting the explanation of the basic principles, these are simplified. I hope you can understand them
2.0. Bitcoin network is composed of many nodes running bitcoin programs
bitcoin is a network composed of many equal nodes
a node is a bitcoin program. Any machine that can connect to the Internet and have certain computing power can run this program - so your home computer can also be used as a node in the bitcoin network:)
nodes can communicate with each other. At the same time, bitcoin has a set of mechanism that allows a node to send messages to all other nodes, This behavior is called "broadcasting."
2.1. Blockchain - a public account book
let's go back to the example of banks. The most basic function of a bank is to maintain an account book, which only needs to record every transaction truthfully. For example, Wang Xiaoming transferred 30 yuan to Zhang Damao on X, year X; On y, y, y, y, Zhang Da Mao transferred 12 yuan to Li Xiao Dou, and so on. According to this account book, we can find all the transaction records of a person, so we can calculate the current account balance of the person. For example, since Li Xiaodou started to build a bank account, the total amount of transactions transferred in is 500 yuan, and the total amount of transactions transferred out is 300 yuan. Then it can be calculated that the balance of Li Xiaodou's account must be 200 yuan at this time
maintain this account book, and as the only maintainer (only the bank has the right to view and modify), the bank's responsibility as a trading center is completed
bitcoin also has an account book, but unlike banks, this account book is open and anyone can view and review it
this account book is called & quot; Blockchain & quot;. You can think of blockchain as a pamphlet. Every page of the pamphlet is full of transaction information, and new pages are constantly added<
2.2 Wallet - an account composed of a pair of public keys and private keys
the above section explains what a bitcoin account book is. This section will explain the ownership of funds in this account book, that is, the account system of bitcoin
there are essential differences between accounts in bitcoin and bank accounts
under a bank account, the bank records the identity information of the owner of the account (think back to the information you submitted when you went to the bank to open an account: photo, ID card, telephone number, home address...), so as long as you can prove your identity to the bank, you will get the ownership of the property under your name. In this model, the bank plays the role of an omniscient God: he knows the wealth information of real people. We have no choice but to pray to God not to let our information out or use it for evil
in the world of bitcoin, there is no such institution as bank, which will not force people to reveal their identities in exchange for the security of funds. Bitcoin's account is simply composed of two strings of numbers, which are called "public key" and "private key" respectively, and there is nothing else
the mathematical characteristics of these two numbers - a data encrypted by a private key can only be decrypted by a public key, so-called asymmetric encryption - enable them to perfectly implement the functions required by an account (called a wallet in the bitcoin world)
we take the public key as the account address - also known as the wallet address in the bitcoin world - which is similar to the account number in the banking system, that is, when you tell someone "please call 300 yuan for my account number", you need to tell them. For the bank, it is "China Merchants Bank 6214850200251100", compared with the special currency, it is "
the private key is the * only * certificate to prove the ownership of the wallet. You can hold it by proving that you are the private key of the wallet
the birth of bitcoin
the birth of bitcoin should be on November 1, 2008. A man with the pseudonym of "Nakamoto Tsung" published a paper on the Internet. In this paper, he described in detail a new monetary system, which he named "bitcoin"
then, on January 3 of the next year, the first bitcoin program was born in the hands of Nakamoto Tsung, along with the first 50 bitcoins from mining. After that, he began to fade out until he disappeared completely
so far, people have not found out the real identity of this person, even if today's operators, Internet giants and the government have firmly grasped people's behavior on the Internet
he often switches between American and British English when he speaks. He goes online at different times of the day at random to hide his nationality and time zone; He hides his IP address, encrypts his email, and deliberately forges some writing and speaking styles to confuse the public; Besides, he is also an expert in cryptography. By the way, the place where he published his paper is called & quot; Cryptography mailing list & quot
so bitcoin was born with a hacker spirit: against the censorship imposed by any force
of course, we can also see that if a hacker who invented the anonymous currency system can't be anonymous, the whole thing will become a joke< But fortunately, Nakamoto didn't let us down
1. What is currency
I find that I can't run this section in any case to clarify what is bitcoin. I am not an expert in the field of economics. I can only talk about this issue in a very superficial and intuitive sense However, as far as the theme expressed in the title is concerned, it seems to be enough)
it has been mentioned in senior high school textbooks (remember?), Money is the medium to store value. If a thing wants to become money, it must meet the following requirements:
1) scarcity
that's why gold can be used and sand can't be used as money. Scarcity can be understood as the difficulty of obtaining it. The more scarce it is, the more difficult it is to obtain it. An intuitive understanding is as follows: assuming that your monthly salary is 5000 yuan, it means that the scarcity of RMB is just such a degree, that is, you have to pay a month's labor to get 5000 yuan. You won't agree to pay your salary with 5000 grains of sand, because instead of working for a month to get it, you can easily get it by walking around the beach
how does the current financial system guarantee the scarcity of money? Control distribution. The issue of money is firmly in the hands of the central bank, so that the amount of money can be controlled (so you now know that it is illegal to print money without permission). Back to the example just now, you agree to pay you a month's salary with 5000 yuan because the circulation of RMB has just reached this level. If the circulation of RMB doubles and the scarcity decreases, you should ask for 10000 yuan to pay your salary (but the response of the market is often not so fast. During this period, your wealth is actually deprived - your labor should have received 10000 yuan, but only 5000 yuan in return)
2) transactional
of course, the purpose of currency is to trade. As many people tell you, money is spent, not brought into the coffin. So in addition to meeting scarcity, the more convenient it is for a thing to trade, the more it meets the standard of ideal currency. Therefore, in the history of currency, silver dollar has replaced shells, paper money has replaced silver dollar, and digital currency is graally replacing paper money
the "transaction" here refers to the transfer of property from one party to the other, that is, the decrease of one party's property and the corresponding increase of the other party. For physical currency, it happens very naturally. A wants to give 100 yuan to B. when the 100 yuan note is transferred from a's hand to B's hand, the transaction is completed. A's property is reced by 100 yuan and B's property is increased by 100 yuan. There is no third party involved in this process, which is completely a private act between a and B; However, when the transaction takes place at the level of digital currency, it is not so simple. Party A has to give 100 yuan to Party B. how can we ensure that the transaction is completed? Suppose that a and B record their wealth on their respective computers, how can we ensure that when B adds 100 yuan to them, a actually subtracts 100 yuan from them? Now we have to bring in a third party - the guy we call the bank. When a wants to transfer 100 yuan to B, he doesn't directly give it to B, but to the bank, "please transfer my 100 yuan to B", so the bank dected 100 yuan from a's account and added 100 yuan to B's account Let's assume that it generously does not charge any transaction fee)
the above is a rough model of modern monetary system. The biggest disadvantage of this model is that people have to trust a central system
the transaction of digital currency must rely on the bank, and a person's bank account number may be censored, restricted or even deprived. When one party wants to transfer his wealth to the other party, the bank can charge a high fee or refuse directly (for example, you try to remit a sum of money to a relative in the United States)
the issuance of money must rely on the central bank. Well, it's a well-known secret: the currency has been devaluing, or over issuing (think of the $100 20 years ago and the $100 now). I quote two paragraphs, one of which is Keynes's saying, "through a continuous process of inflation, the government can confiscate a part of citizens' wealth secretly and unknowingly. In this way, we can deprive the people of their wealth at will, while making the majority poor, we can make the minority rich, Another paragraph, from Hayek, "the government can not restrain the impulse to issue money indiscriminately."
is it possible to design a monetary system in which we do not need a central institution and are not forced to trust any third party, so as to make the issuance of currency transparent and controllable, and the transaction of currency private and secure
guess what
2. What is bitcoin
so we can now answer that bitcoin is an e-money system with decentralized distribution and transaction. In this system, the circulation of money is transparent and predictable, and the transaction of money uses the cooperation of the whole network to ensure the security of the transaction
next, I will graally dismantle the principle of bitcoin. It should be noted that bitcoin, as a proct already in use, has a lot of details. The purpose of this article is to explain the basic principles of bitcoin to readers without technical background, so these details will not be covered. For example, the address of the wallet is not the public key, but the second hash value of the public key; The difficulty requirement of blockchain is not to hash all the contents of blockchain once; wait. But for the sake of brevity, without affecting the explanation of the basic principles, these are simplified. I hope you can understand them
2.0. Bitcoin network is composed of many nodes running bitcoin programs
bitcoin is a network composed of many equal nodes
a node is a bitcoin program. Any machine that can connect to the Internet and have certain computing power can run this program - so your home computer can also be used as a node in the bitcoin network:)
nodes can communicate with each other. At the same time, bitcoin has a set of mechanism that allows a node to send messages to all other nodes, This behavior is called "broadcasting."
2.1. Blockchain - a public account book
let's go back to the example of banks. The most basic function of a bank is to maintain an account book, which only needs to record every transaction truthfully. For example, Wang Xiaoming transferred 30 yuan to Zhang Damao on X, year X; On y, y, y, y, Zhang Da Mao transferred 12 yuan to Li Xiao Dou, and so on. According to this account book, we can find all the transaction records of a person, so we can calculate the current account balance of the person. For example, since Li Xiaodou started to build a bank account, the total amount of transactions transferred in is 500 yuan, and the total amount of transactions transferred out is 300 yuan. Then it can be calculated that the balance of Li Xiaodou's account must be 200 yuan at this time
maintain this account book, and as the only maintainer (only the bank has the right to view and modify), the bank's responsibility as a trading center is completed
bitcoin also has an account book, but unlike banks, this account book is open and anyone can view and review it
this account book is called & quot; Blockchain & quot;. You can think of blockchain as a pamphlet. Every page of the pamphlet is full of transaction information, and new pages are constantly added<
2.2 Wallet - an account composed of a pair of public keys and private keys
the above section explains what a bitcoin account book is. This section will explain the ownership of funds in this account book, that is, the account system of bitcoin
there are essential differences between accounts in bitcoin and bank accounts
under a bank account, the bank records the identity information of the owner of the account (think back to the information you submitted when you went to the bank to open an account: photo, ID card, telephone number, home address...), so as long as you can prove your identity to the bank, you will get the ownership of the property under your name. In this model, the bank plays the role of an omniscient God: he knows the wealth information of real people. We have no choice but to pray to God not to let our information out or use it for evil
in the world of bitcoin, there is no such institution as bank, which will not force people to reveal their identities in exchange for the security of funds. Bitcoin's account is simply composed of two strings of numbers, which are called "public key" and "private key" respectively, and there is nothing else
the mathematical characteristics of these two numbers - a data encrypted by a private key can only be decrypted by a public key, so-called asymmetric encryption - enable them to perfectly implement the functions required by an account (called a wallet in the bitcoin world)
we take the public key as the account address - also known as the wallet address in the bitcoin world - which is similar to the account number in the banking system, that is, when you tell someone "please call 300 yuan for my account number", you need to tell them. For the bank, it is "China Merchants Bank 6214850200251100", compared with the special currency, it is "
the private key is the * only * certificate to prove the ownership of the wallet. You can hold it by proving that you are the private key of the wallet
5. Cryptocurrency (English: cryptocurrency, often used in the plural cryptocurrency, also translated as cryptocurrency, cryptocurrency) is a kind of transaction medium that uses the principles of cryptography to ensure the security of transactions and control the creation of transaction units. Cryptocurrency is a kind of digital currency (or virtual currency). Bitcoin became the first decentralised cryptocurrency in 2009, after which the term cryptocurrency mostly refers to such designs. Since then, several similar cryptocurrencies have been created, commonly known as altcoins. Cryptocurrency is based on the consensus mechanism of decentralization, which is opposite to the banking and financial system relying on the centralized regulatory system
the nature of decentralization comes from the blockchain technology using distributed ledger<
Chinese name
cryptocurrency
foreign name
cryptocurrency
domain
blockchain
fast
navigation
national digital currency blockchain refer to
cryptocurrency other than bitcoin
cryptocurrency other than bitcoin, also known as Shanzhai currency and competitive currency (English: altcoin), part of which is generated by referring to bitcoin ideas, principles and source code, Virtual currency similar to bitcoin has more than 800 cryptocurrencies in circulation
from February to April 2017, the proportion of Shanzhai currency in the total cryptocurrency market value increased from 15% to nearly 40%
because bitcoin itself does not have an authoritative issuing institution and state power to maintain its authority and uniqueness, bitcoin and its imitators can only get along equally, although it is the earliest virtual currency, also the most famous and popular
the nature of decentralization comes from the blockchain technology using distributed ledger<
Chinese name
cryptocurrency
foreign name
cryptocurrency
domain
blockchain
fast
navigation
national digital currency blockchain refer to
cryptocurrency other than bitcoin
cryptocurrency other than bitcoin, also known as Shanzhai currency and competitive currency (English: altcoin), part of which is generated by referring to bitcoin ideas, principles and source code, Virtual currency similar to bitcoin has more than 800 cryptocurrencies in circulation
from February to April 2017, the proportion of Shanzhai currency in the total cryptocurrency market value increased from 15% to nearly 40%
because bitcoin itself does not have an authoritative issuing institution and state power to maintain its authority and uniqueness, bitcoin and its imitators can only get along equally, although it is the earliest virtual currency, also the most famous and popular
6. There are too many swindlers now. Don't believe anything without authentication. There are so many tricks in the world. You can't submit your ID card and bank card at the same time. Unless you operate by yourself, you don't provide anything for the current network hacker, and the money of your bank card is still missing. Besides, you have so many certificates. Wake up and don't think about the pie falling from the sky, Working hard to earn money is the right way.
7. It's very easy to get started. You can buy and sell by opening an account in the okex exchange, but when to buy and when to sell is the most difficult. Are you satisfied with my answer? If you are satisfied, please accept it
8. BCH, bitcoin cash, this is the first bifurcate of bitcoin, which is also an improved bitcoin. At that time, when it was bifurcated, it was a bitcoin for a BCH. However, there were too many small white spots in the market, and it still recognized bitcoin, so BCH was ignored. However, BCH is better than bitcoin, so it has great potential
9. I suggest going to the okex exchange, where you can not only do trading, but also learn investment video tutorials, from the simplest bitcoin to complex contract trading.
10. There is no worthy investment, virtual is not exist, to put it bluntly, are gambling
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