How much bitcoin is there
The total number of bitcoins is 21 million
in 2009, when bitcoin was born, block reward was 50 bitcoins. Ten minutes after its birth, the first 50 bitcoins were generated, and the total amount of money at this time is 50. Then bitcoin grew at a rate of about 50 every 10 minutes. When the total amount reaches 10.5 million (50% of 21 million), the block reward will be halved to 25
when the total amount reaches 15.75 million (5.25 million new output, i.e. 50% of 1050), the block reward will be further halved to 12.5. The monetary system used to have no more than 10.5 million in four years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to about 21 million
extended data
monetary characteristics
1. Decentralization: bitcoin is the first distributed virtual currency, and the whole network is composed of users without a central bank. Decentralization is the guarantee of bitcoin's security and freedom
2. Global circulation: bitcoin can be managed on any computer connected to the Internet. No matter where you are, anyone can dig, buy, sell or collect bitcoin
3. Exclusive ownership: private key is needed to control bitcoin, which can be stored in any storage medium in isolation. No one can get it except the user himself
4. Low transaction cost: bitcoin can be remitted free of charge, but a transaction fee of about 1 bitfen will be charged for each transaction to ensure faster transaction execution
5, no hidden cost: as a means of payment from a to B, bitcoin has no cumbersome limit of quota and proceres. If you know the other party's bitcoin address, you can pay
6. Cross platform mining: users can explore the computing power of different hardware on many platforms
The concept of 21 million
bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto in 2009. According to Nakamoto's idea, open source software was designed and released, and P2P network was built on it. Bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
bitcoin is not issued in unlimited quantity, which is different from most currencies. Bitcoin does not rely on a specific currency issuer. But according to the specific algorithm, through a large number of calculations. Its circulation is controlled by software algorithms. The total number is 21 million
extended materials:
generation principle
starting from the essence of bitcoin, the essence of bitcoin is actually the special solution generated by a bunch of complex algorithms. A special solution is one of the infinite (in fact, bitcoin is finite) solutions that can be obtained from the equations. Every particular solution can solve the equation and is unique[ 10] In the metaphor of RMB, bitcoin is the serial number of RMB. If you know the serial number of a note, you have the note. The process of mining is to constantly seek the special solution of this equation system through a huge amount of calculation. This equation system is designed to have only 21 million special solutions, so the upper limit of bitcoin is 21 million
to mine bitcoin, you can download the special bitcoin computing tools, register various cooperation websites, fill the registered user name and password into the computing program, and then click the operation to officially start. After completing the installation of bitcoin client, you can directly obtain a bitcoin address. When others pay, you only need to paste the address to others, and you can pay through the same client. After installing the bitcoin client, it will distribute a private key and a public key. You need to back up your wallet data containing your private key to ensure that your property is not lost. Unfortunately, if the hard disk is completely formatted, personal bitcoin will be completely lost
warm tips:
1. The above explanations are for reference only, without any suggestions
2. Before investing, it is recommended that you first understand the risks existing in the project, and clearly understand the investors, investment institutions, chain activity and other information of the project, rather than blindly investing or mistakenly entering the capital market. Investment is risky, so we should be cautious when entering the market
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Let's start with a simple conclusion: a year ago, the data showed that there were about 500000 BTC
two American brothers, Cameron winkleworth and Taylor winkleworth, claiming that they owned 1% of bitcoin [1] 1% of the world's bitcoin? At present, the total amount of bitcoin in the world is about 12 million, that is to say, the two brothers hold about 120000 bitcoins< maybe you don't think it's worth much, but note that the starting price of bitcoin for these two people is less than $10 / bitcoin
Please note that entities are used instead of people. In the analysis method of this paper, bitcoin wallets that may belong to the same owner are divided into the same entity, which may be not only a person, but also a trading organization like Mt. GOx in addition, through the analysis of the most active entity table given in this paper, the income of the people with the most income (excluding expenses) is less than 700000 BTC. In other words, the person with the most bitcoin will hold no more than 700000 bitcoins. How many people in the world own bitcoins? The paper concludes that as of May 13, 2012, 1.85 million entities hold bitcoin. If we assume that bitcoin users have grown linearly since the advent of bitcoin (January 2009), the current number should be 2.5 million. Because the number of entities is counted on paper, the actual number of bitcoin holders should be a little less than this number, but not much smaller, because after all, there are not many large trading platforms
In addition to the above two problems, [3] also gives many interesting conclusions, such as: < UL >about 55% of bitcoin can be saved without money
in places like GOx mountain, almost all deals are small ones
before May 2012, almost all large single transactions (& gt; 50000 BTC) are subsequent transactions of 90000 BTC on November 8, 2011. There are very strange patterns in this long list of transactions. For example, an entity divides 90000 BTCs into different sizes, sends them back to itself three times, and then sells them on Mt. GOx. 90000 BTCs sold are sent back to the entity through 90 different bitcoin addresses, with 1000 bitcoins per address. These operations indicate that the entity appears to be trying to hide the relationship between these transactions
bitcoin is used for graphics card mining. It used to be OK, but now there is almost no profit from using graphics card mining. Of course, if your electricity is free, it's OK. The graphics card mining you mentioned is the second stage of bitcoin mining. The first stage is mining with CPU, which is an ordinary computer. The second stage is the graphics card mining you mentioned, commonly known as burning graphics card. At present, it has entered the third stage of ASIC mining machine mining stage. In this stage, the computing power is very high, the mining income is very low, and the mining cost is almost close to or even more than the currency price. At present, the profit of large-scale mining mainly depends on the energy consumption of mining machine and the advantage of electricity price.
bitcoin, the most famous digital virtual currency in the world, was released on January 3, 2009. Bitcoin will be generated through a large number of calculations according to its own special algorithm. Bitcoin network will release a certain amount of bitcoin every ten minutes. Users can get bitcoin through their own machines and equipment. This process is called "mining". According to the current mining efficiency, it will reach the upper limit in 2140.
the two definitions have slightly different emphases. The scope of electronic currency is determined by the form of storage, while the "virtual" of virtual currency focuses more on "unregulated" and "virtual community". Therefore, according to the two dimensions of storage form and issuing body, there are different ways to classify e-money. From the perspective of issuers, this paper classifies e-money into three categories: the electronic form of traditional money, centralized e-money and decentralized e-money
the electronic form of traditional currency is most well known and widely used, including savings card, credit card, e-bank account, third-party payment, and other forms of electronic value accounting in traditional currency units. Among them, the savings card is equivalent to a check deposit or current deposit electronic account that provides the service of deposit and withdrawal at any time and payment by credit card. When a savings card is used for payment and settlement, the funds are transferred from the cardholder's account to the payee's account and do not flow out of the banking system. Credit card is a kind of credit payment, the balance of the cardholder's credit account is usually zero or negative. When the cardholder withdraws and consumes the money through the credit card, the issuing bank first advances the money, and then the cardholder completes the repayment within a certain period of time. Compared with bank card, Internet banking and third-party payment break away from the dependence on card media, and complete a series of functions of currency with the help of Internet information system and cryptography design. The above forms of electronic payment do not directly change the credit source of the money in the account, but have a certain impact on the cost structure, risk factors and the structure of money demand of the monetary system
the existing centralized e-money can be divided into closed system and one-way flow currency. The typical representative of closed system currency is online game currency. Game players use game currency to buy game props in the community, but game currency cannot be used and exchanged outside the community. One way currency refers to the electronic currency that can be exchanged directly through traditional currency. This kind of currency can also be used to complete transactions in virtual communities, such as Q currency. From the source of credit, the central currency can be regarded as a kind of commercial credit, and its monetary value depends on the credit rating, operation status and profit expectation of the issuers
decentralized e-money refers to the e-money without the credit support of specific issuers. In the existing examples, bitcoin is "issued" by all indivials and institutions participating in the operation of bitcoin algorithm through P2P network nodes. Therefore, the number and speed of bitcoin proction are jointly determined by the algorithm design and the number of people participating in the algorithm operation. Although the definition of virtual currency in the report of the European Central Bank contains the description of "unregulated", the reality is that bitcoin is still regulated by monetary authorities. Compared with the electronic currency mentioned above, the anonymity of bitcoin is more prominent, which is closer to cash.