Btc002 pioneer
Publish: 2021-03-25 00:37:53
1. This is definitely a loss.
recently, I saw a test that the rtx3070 notebook only earns 1.2 yuan an hour.
1050ti computing power is less than 1 / 4 of 3070, which is about 24%
power consumption is 35% of 3070.
energy consumption is not cost-effective. One hour's income is definitely less than 1 yuan, except for the electricity charge. Once the loss of notebook is eliminated, it is definitely a loss
recently, I saw a test that the rtx3070 notebook only earns 1.2 yuan an hour.
1050ti computing power is less than 1 / 4 of 3070, which is about 24%
power consumption is 35% of 3070.
energy consumption is not cost-effective. One hour's income is definitely less than 1 yuan, except for the electricity charge. Once the loss of notebook is eliminated, it is definitely a loss
2. Data source: Computer News
when you can buy a DVD al recorder for 399 yuan and a DVD recorder for 1.5 yuan, we can say for sure that the era of DVD recording has begun
however, in the popularity of DVD recording, there are also some disharmonious aspects: there are many brands of DVD recording discs, but the quality is uneven. The key is that the price is very different. The high price of the plate may not be high quality - this is the most troublesome problem. On the contrary, there is "gold" in the low-cost disk, which is also the thing that DVD recording fans often do and talk about. The computer newspaper evaluation laboratory specially launched this large-scale horizontal evaluation of DVD quality, and the test object is the mainstream 4 ×/ eight × DVD + R and DVD-R discs, I hope that the majority of DVD "enthusiasts" can understand the current situation of DVD burning discs on the market through this evaluation, and at the same time, they can choose their favorite "gold" discs<
DVD burning disc Market:
now the price of DVD burning disc is plummeting. Three months ago, in the mainland market, a 4 × It costs 4-6 yuan for DVD + R or DVD-R, but now it costs only 2-4 yuan. There are even some white discs without labels, and the price is only 1.5 yuan per disc. Even boxed 4 × The price is only 8-12 yuan each. eight × The unit price of DVD + R or DVD-R is only 3.5-8 yuan
the price of DVD is popular, which is very attractive. However, it is often said that more choices are not necessarily good. If you go to a computer store, you will find that there are so many brands of DVD recorders, especially DVD + R and DVD-R, that you don't know how to choose. In a primary and secondary city, there are usually about 40 brands / varieties, and the brand repetition of each city is not high. All in all, there are more than 100 brands / varieties of DVD recorders in China, and they are still expanding
here's a tip for you:
View manufacturer information
in the face of so many brands, consumers really feel at a loss, which is the main reason why we launched this evaluation. Here we first teach you a move: query disk manufacturer information. Through this information, we can make a preliminary judgment on the quality of the disk
the quickest way to query the manufacturer information of disks is to use corresponding software, such as DVD InfoPro, DVD identifier, etc. Here we recommend you to use DVD identifier. It is a DVD disc information identification software that can continuously upgrade the database through the network. We can view the manufacturer ID, manufacturer name, media type ID and other information of DVD burning disc through it
according to the information of Fuji 4xdvd + R disc displayed in DVD identifier, we can see that it is proced by light
hot: DVD identifier download address http://www.skycn.com/soft/13830.html
if you buy many kinds of discs, you will find some very interesting phenomena. For example, many brands of DVD + R loose films on the market come from the manufacturers / proction lines with media type ID 001 (of course, this "001" is by no means a single manufacturer, nor a single proction line). This actually reflects the pattern of DVD disc Market from one side: there are many brands / varieties, but the number of factories / proction lines is relatively small. Therefore, we can find out the rules and find our favorite manufacturers and brands
the safest way to purchase:
quality inspection
note: if you are not familiar with the quality inspection knowledge of DVD recorders, you must read this part, otherwise it will affect your understanding of the full text
previously, we introced the method of initially judging the quality by checking the manufacturer's information of DVD discs through software, and also introced some manufacturers / brands with better quality assurance. However, strictly speaking, even the procts of large factories can be classified into different grades. Moreover, the quality of similar procts and different media type IDS is also different. The situation of ordinary tablets on the market is more complicated. For example, the disk with code "001" is not a proct from one place or one proction line, so the actual matching of dyes, the quality of dyes, and even the material and process of film base are not the same. Therefore, the code is "001", but the quality of the disk is uneven, and according to the final brand, the price is also quite different, some only sell for 2-3 yuan, some as high as 8 yuan. We can't judge the quality of these discs only from the manufacturer's information. If you want the most authoritative to determine which disk is good, which is not good, the most reliable method is to do the quality inspection of disk
the quality of DVD disc and PI / PIF test
from the application level, the quality judgment method of DVD disc is similar to the quality test method of DVD recorder, which can be said to be interlinked: the same recorder, a large number of discs, is to detect the disc quality; A large number of recorders, fixed use of a disc, can reflect the recording quality of different recorders
at present, we can measure the quality of DVD disc by Fe / TE (focusing error / tracking error), jitter, Ta and other tests. However, these methods seem to be theoretical and idealized, not intuitive enough. A DVD burning disc, good quality, means good carving! Easy to read! Therefore, a qualified DVD recorder must be able to record successfully. If the recording fails, the quality will be out of the question. Next, read. Most of the applications of DVD are based on reading. Therefore, after recording, the smoothness of reading becomes the standard to determine the quality of DVD recording disc. Here, we must introce pi / PIF detection
basic knowledge of pi / PIF
when data is saved into DVD, the data in the disc is saved in a block. Each block is composed of original data and corresponding check code. Because of the existence of check code, we also call this kind of data block ECC block
in the DVD recording specification, it is defined that "if there is an error of one byte or more in one line of an ECCB, it is called a PI error", also known as PI error, pie or PI
"when an error in a line is still more than 5 bytes after PI correction, it is called PI uncorrectable", and PI uncorrectable is called PIF (PI failure) in many software
in the process of CD-ROM reading, if PIF occurs, it will be handled by Po verification mechanism. If Po recovery fails, the ECCB will not be read normally. Therefore, in the DVD quality test, we require the Po value to be 0
hot: for detailed analysis and illustration of DVD data structure, please refer to the cross test of DVD recorder in the 32nd issue of Computer News evaluation · market edition in 2004
CD-DVD speed quality detection
in order to make the recorded disc read smoothly, it is necessary to ensure the recording quality. Therefore, the DVD recording specification stipulates the recording quality as follows: the PI errors in 8 consecutive eccbs cannot exceed 280; The number of PI uncorrectable (PIF) in an ECCB cannot exceed 4. We would like to remind you that in the absence of Po, pI value over 280 and PIF over 4 do not mean that the disk cannot be read normally, but only that the quality of the disk is not very ideal
Nero's CD-DVD speed provides the function of detecting the quality of DVD discs. The detection index is also PI and PIF, and follows the index of 280 / 4. The lower the pi / PIF value is, the better the disk quality is
it is worth noting that CD-DVD speed also provides recording quality score display, but the score mainly depends on PIF value, which is not very rigorous, especially when the instantaneous PIF is too high, the quality score will drop to 0. But in fact, if the instantaneous PIF value is too high, it will not affect the smooth reading of the disk. Therefore, the quality score can only be used as a reference. The most important data are the maximum pI value, the average pI value, the maximum PIF value and the average PIF value
brief introction of the evaluation scheme
after understanding the knowledge of pi / PIF detection, we can carry out pi / PIF quality detection on disks. If you don't have the energy and money to collect so many disks, then you must not miss our evaluation
test platform
CPU: P4 2.8e GHz
motherboard: UNIKA I848P (up48pn)
graphics card: NVIDIA geforce fx5700le
memory: 512MB DDR400
hard disk: Seagate 80GB
System: Chinese Windows XP + SP1
test software: Nero CD-DVD speed 3.42 DVD identifier
auxiliary test software: Nero CD-DVD speed 3.10 (used for data contingency detection)
disc burning drive: 1. LG gsa-4082b 2. Plextor px-716a
disc reading drive: BTC drw1108im
Test Description: since the evaluation object is 4 ×/ eight × DVD + R and DVD-R disk, and must be recorded in strict accordance with the nominal speed (i.e. nominal 4 × Your disk must be 4 × For recording, we can't speed up or slow down), so we chose double 8 × Gsa-4082b is the main recording platform. At present, there is no DVD recorder that can cope with all discs at nominal speed, so the discs that cannot pass smoothly on gsa-4082b (for example, 4 × Only 2 × Px-716a is used to record to ensure the nominal speed. If the disc can be overprinted, limit the speed of recording. CD-DVD speed's "create data disc" function is used for recording, which is an actual recording rather than an analog recording. It will fill up the recording disc with 5000 files of different sizes. In the process of recording, if the disk fails to record for three times in a row, it will be exited from the evaluation
after recording, drw1108im of BTC is used as the reading platform, and CD-DVD speed 3.42 is used for pi / PIF detection, with the test speed of 6 × In the pi / PIF test, the disk with two consecutive errors will also be withdrawn from the evaluation
special tips: the lower the PI and PIF values, the better the quality of the disc<
disc evaluation
disc evaluation can be divided into DVD + R and dvd-r
limited to the layout, we can't put the pi / PIF test chart of each CD in the newspaper, but only put the pi / PIF test chart of the recommended CD. If you need the pi / PIF details of all the tested procts, please go to bbs.cpcw.com "computer newspaper resource library" to find them
* recommended purchase *
Mitsubishi 8 × DVD + R pack
digital 8 × DVD + R box
Color leopard a + 4 × DVD+R
PioData 8 × DVD-R
Tie Li Ke 4 × DVD-R boxed
Tsinghua Tongfang 4 × DVD-R
CLONE 4 × DVD-R
Color leopard class a 4 × DVD-R
reminder: disc batches change rapidly, so purchase should be cautious<
DVD + R disc
(only a brief introction of Tsinghua Tongfang, others omitted)
Tsinghua Tongfang 4 ×
manufacturer ID: n / a
manufacturer name: n / a
media type ID: 001
maximum PI: 25; Average PI: 4.73
maximum PIF: 13; Average PIF: 0.31
reference price: 8 yuan / piece
it seems that Tsinghua Tongfang's DVD recording disc is about the same as Tsinghua Ziguang's when it was launched, and the price is the same (I don't know if you've ever got a cheaper price), but its quality is good. In the whole process of data reading, the pI value is quite stable, and has been well maintained at about 10, only at the end, the pI value is stable
when you can buy a DVD al recorder for 399 yuan and a DVD recorder for 1.5 yuan, we can say for sure that the era of DVD recording has begun
however, in the popularity of DVD recording, there are also some disharmonious aspects: there are many brands of DVD recording discs, but the quality is uneven. The key is that the price is very different. The high price of the plate may not be high quality - this is the most troublesome problem. On the contrary, there is "gold" in the low-cost disk, which is also the thing that DVD recording fans often do and talk about. The computer newspaper evaluation laboratory specially launched this large-scale horizontal evaluation of DVD quality, and the test object is the mainstream 4 ×/ eight × DVD + R and DVD-R discs, I hope that the majority of DVD "enthusiasts" can understand the current situation of DVD burning discs on the market through this evaluation, and at the same time, they can choose their favorite "gold" discs<
DVD burning disc Market:
now the price of DVD burning disc is plummeting. Three months ago, in the mainland market, a 4 × It costs 4-6 yuan for DVD + R or DVD-R, but now it costs only 2-4 yuan. There are even some white discs without labels, and the price is only 1.5 yuan per disc. Even boxed 4 × The price is only 8-12 yuan each. eight × The unit price of DVD + R or DVD-R is only 3.5-8 yuan
the price of DVD is popular, which is very attractive. However, it is often said that more choices are not necessarily good. If you go to a computer store, you will find that there are so many brands of DVD recorders, especially DVD + R and DVD-R, that you don't know how to choose. In a primary and secondary city, there are usually about 40 brands / varieties, and the brand repetition of each city is not high. All in all, there are more than 100 brands / varieties of DVD recorders in China, and they are still expanding
here's a tip for you:
View manufacturer information
in the face of so many brands, consumers really feel at a loss, which is the main reason why we launched this evaluation. Here we first teach you a move: query disk manufacturer information. Through this information, we can make a preliminary judgment on the quality of the disk
the quickest way to query the manufacturer information of disks is to use corresponding software, such as DVD InfoPro, DVD identifier, etc. Here we recommend you to use DVD identifier. It is a DVD disc information identification software that can continuously upgrade the database through the network. We can view the manufacturer ID, manufacturer name, media type ID and other information of DVD burning disc through it
according to the information of Fuji 4xdvd + R disc displayed in DVD identifier, we can see that it is proced by light
hot: DVD identifier download address http://www.skycn.com/soft/13830.html
if you buy many kinds of discs, you will find some very interesting phenomena. For example, many brands of DVD + R loose films on the market come from the manufacturers / proction lines with media type ID 001 (of course, this "001" is by no means a single manufacturer, nor a single proction line). This actually reflects the pattern of DVD disc Market from one side: there are many brands / varieties, but the number of factories / proction lines is relatively small. Therefore, we can find out the rules and find our favorite manufacturers and brands
the safest way to purchase:
quality inspection
note: if you are not familiar with the quality inspection knowledge of DVD recorders, you must read this part, otherwise it will affect your understanding of the full text
previously, we introced the method of initially judging the quality by checking the manufacturer's information of DVD discs through software, and also introced some manufacturers / brands with better quality assurance. However, strictly speaking, even the procts of large factories can be classified into different grades. Moreover, the quality of similar procts and different media type IDS is also different. The situation of ordinary tablets on the market is more complicated. For example, the disk with code "001" is not a proct from one place or one proction line, so the actual matching of dyes, the quality of dyes, and even the material and process of film base are not the same. Therefore, the code is "001", but the quality of the disk is uneven, and according to the final brand, the price is also quite different, some only sell for 2-3 yuan, some as high as 8 yuan. We can't judge the quality of these discs only from the manufacturer's information. If you want the most authoritative to determine which disk is good, which is not good, the most reliable method is to do the quality inspection of disk
the quality of DVD disc and PI / PIF test
from the application level, the quality judgment method of DVD disc is similar to the quality test method of DVD recorder, which can be said to be interlinked: the same recorder, a large number of discs, is to detect the disc quality; A large number of recorders, fixed use of a disc, can reflect the recording quality of different recorders
at present, we can measure the quality of DVD disc by Fe / TE (focusing error / tracking error), jitter, Ta and other tests. However, these methods seem to be theoretical and idealized, not intuitive enough. A DVD burning disc, good quality, means good carving! Easy to read! Therefore, a qualified DVD recorder must be able to record successfully. If the recording fails, the quality will be out of the question. Next, read. Most of the applications of DVD are based on reading. Therefore, after recording, the smoothness of reading becomes the standard to determine the quality of DVD recording disc. Here, we must introce pi / PIF detection
basic knowledge of pi / PIF
when data is saved into DVD, the data in the disc is saved in a block. Each block is composed of original data and corresponding check code. Because of the existence of check code, we also call this kind of data block ECC block
in the DVD recording specification, it is defined that "if there is an error of one byte or more in one line of an ECCB, it is called a PI error", also known as PI error, pie or PI
"when an error in a line is still more than 5 bytes after PI correction, it is called PI uncorrectable", and PI uncorrectable is called PIF (PI failure) in many software
in the process of CD-ROM reading, if PIF occurs, it will be handled by Po verification mechanism. If Po recovery fails, the ECCB will not be read normally. Therefore, in the DVD quality test, we require the Po value to be 0
hot: for detailed analysis and illustration of DVD data structure, please refer to the cross test of DVD recorder in the 32nd issue of Computer News evaluation · market edition in 2004
CD-DVD speed quality detection
in order to make the recorded disc read smoothly, it is necessary to ensure the recording quality. Therefore, the DVD recording specification stipulates the recording quality as follows: the PI errors in 8 consecutive eccbs cannot exceed 280; The number of PI uncorrectable (PIF) in an ECCB cannot exceed 4. We would like to remind you that in the absence of Po, pI value over 280 and PIF over 4 do not mean that the disk cannot be read normally, but only that the quality of the disk is not very ideal
Nero's CD-DVD speed provides the function of detecting the quality of DVD discs. The detection index is also PI and PIF, and follows the index of 280 / 4. The lower the pi / PIF value is, the better the disk quality is
it is worth noting that CD-DVD speed also provides recording quality score display, but the score mainly depends on PIF value, which is not very rigorous, especially when the instantaneous PIF is too high, the quality score will drop to 0. But in fact, if the instantaneous PIF value is too high, it will not affect the smooth reading of the disk. Therefore, the quality score can only be used as a reference. The most important data are the maximum pI value, the average pI value, the maximum PIF value and the average PIF value
brief introction of the evaluation scheme
after understanding the knowledge of pi / PIF detection, we can carry out pi / PIF quality detection on disks. If you don't have the energy and money to collect so many disks, then you must not miss our evaluation
test platform
CPU: P4 2.8e GHz
motherboard: UNIKA I848P (up48pn)
graphics card: NVIDIA geforce fx5700le
memory: 512MB DDR400
hard disk: Seagate 80GB
System: Chinese Windows XP + SP1
test software: Nero CD-DVD speed 3.42 DVD identifier
auxiliary test software: Nero CD-DVD speed 3.10 (used for data contingency detection)
disc burning drive: 1. LG gsa-4082b 2. Plextor px-716a
disc reading drive: BTC drw1108im
Test Description: since the evaluation object is 4 ×/ eight × DVD + R and DVD-R disk, and must be recorded in strict accordance with the nominal speed (i.e. nominal 4 × Your disk must be 4 × For recording, we can't speed up or slow down), so we chose double 8 × Gsa-4082b is the main recording platform. At present, there is no DVD recorder that can cope with all discs at nominal speed, so the discs that cannot pass smoothly on gsa-4082b (for example, 4 × Only 2 × Px-716a is used to record to ensure the nominal speed. If the disc can be overprinted, limit the speed of recording. CD-DVD speed's "create data disc" function is used for recording, which is an actual recording rather than an analog recording. It will fill up the recording disc with 5000 files of different sizes. In the process of recording, if the disk fails to record for three times in a row, it will be exited from the evaluation
after recording, drw1108im of BTC is used as the reading platform, and CD-DVD speed 3.42 is used for pi / PIF detection, with the test speed of 6 × In the pi / PIF test, the disk with two consecutive errors will also be withdrawn from the evaluation
special tips: the lower the PI and PIF values, the better the quality of the disc<
disc evaluation
disc evaluation can be divided into DVD + R and dvd-r
limited to the layout, we can't put the pi / PIF test chart of each CD in the newspaper, but only put the pi / PIF test chart of the recommended CD. If you need the pi / PIF details of all the tested procts, please go to bbs.cpcw.com "computer newspaper resource library" to find them
* recommended purchase *
Mitsubishi 8 × DVD + R pack
digital 8 × DVD + R box
Color leopard a + 4 × DVD+R
PioData 8 × DVD-R
Tie Li Ke 4 × DVD-R boxed
Tsinghua Tongfang 4 × DVD-R
CLONE 4 × DVD-R
Color leopard class a 4 × DVD-R
reminder: disc batches change rapidly, so purchase should be cautious<
DVD + R disc
(only a brief introction of Tsinghua Tongfang, others omitted)
Tsinghua Tongfang 4 ×
manufacturer ID: n / a
manufacturer name: n / a
media type ID: 001
maximum PI: 25; Average PI: 4.73
maximum PIF: 13; Average PIF: 0.31
reference price: 8 yuan / piece
it seems that Tsinghua Tongfang's DVD recording disc is about the same as Tsinghua Ziguang's when it was launched, and the price is the same (I don't know if you've ever got a cheaper price), but its quality is good. In the whole process of data reading, the pI value is quite stable, and has been well maintained at about 10, only at the end, the pI value is stable
3. Jianxing burner's quality is very good, relative to its price. There are three major brands of recorders: Plextor, Yamaha and teac. Plexor is known as the king of the world's recorders. Among the civilian recorders, it has the best recording quality and many additional functions. The price of its platinum version is also surprisingly high. Yamaha must be suitable for CD audio recording. It is said that Yamaha, which is used for CD audio recording in recording studio, has audio enhancement recorder technology. It's not very common in China now. Teac is the king of the life of recorders. In the past, teac was bought by people in the recording business, because it has a long life and is more rable. Of course, the quality of recording is also good. But in China, those with more than 40 speeds are now made by ASUS, so the quality is relatively average. Sony and Philips are both makers of CD and recordable CD standards. However, e to various reasons, especially Philips did not do very well in China, so that later Philips basically withdrew from the Chinese market, and Sony found Jianxing (that is, Yuanxing Lite on) to do it. The quality of LG's recorders is average. Samsung seems to have only Kangbao procts. The quality of combo's recorders has always been a problem. People who are more in pursuit of quality should not buy them. Since BenQ was changed to BenQ, the quality of BenQ has been declining all the way, so it is not recommended to buy it. DVD recorder [S: 148] pioneer brand, its 4-speed DVD recorder (106A) is very successful, compatibility, quality is very stable, the price is not high. Strong [S: 148]!
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